Energizer PP355 Handbook page 5

Figure 2: Runtime for Equivalent Volume AAAA Batteries in 50 mW Devices
The high energy density of Zinc Air is made possible by using a thin air electrode where the cathode
reaction takes place and by using atmospheric oxygen as the cathode reactant. The result is greater
internal volume for zinc, the active anode material. More zinc translates into longer runtime in similar
overall volume. Figure 3 demonstrates the higher energy density of Zinc Air compared to other
consumer battery systems. The chart on the left displays volumetric energy density in units of Wh/L,
and the chart on the right shows gravimetric energy density in units of Wh/kg. This data is based on the
volume of a AA sized battery for all systems and a continuous 50mA current drain to a 0.9 volt cutoff.
Figure 3: Comparison of Zinc Air versus Other Battery Technologies
1000
900
800
700
600 565
500
450
400
300
200
156
100
0
Carbon Alkaline Lithium
Zinc
Energizer Zinc Air Prismatic batteries have an operating voltage similar to Alkaline, which is between
1.10 and 1.30 volts depending on the drain rate of the device. The discharge profile however is
relatively flat similar to rechargeable Nickel Metal Hydride batteries. Figure 4 contains examples of
discharge curves for Zinc Air, Alkaline, Nickel Metal Hydride, and Lithium Iron Disulfide batteries. Even
though the Zinc Air PP355 battery has the same external volume as the AAAA battery, it delivers up to
3X the runtime at a 50 mW discharge.
50
40
30
12
20
10
0
AAAA Alkaline Lithium Ion
890
522
396
371
343
Li Ion Lithium Ion Lithium NiMH Zinc
Polymer MnO2 Air
ENERGIZER BATTERY MANUFACTURING
VERSION 1.2
38
14
ZAP PP355
400
350
307
300
250
200
153
151
150
100 87
50
0
Carbon Alkaline Lithium Li Ion
Zinc
P a g e | 5
345
218
171
95
Lithium Ion Lithium NiMH Zinc
Polymer MnO2 Air