Adobe 29180155 - Photoshop Elements 4.0 User Manual page 305

Any unexpected and undesired change to a digital image caused by incorrect settings or faulty processing.
artifact
Examples include blooming, moire, sharpening, and noise.
The ratio of an image's width to its height. It is used to determine how an image fits on a page or monitor.
aspect ratio
Related to an application (also, file association). Each file type has an associated application. For example,
associated
PSD files are associated with Photoshop and Photoshop Elements. You receive an alert if you try to open a file that
lacks an associated application.
Voice narration of a photo.
audio caption
An automatic color-correction command.
Auto Levels
B
The bottom-most layer in an image, usually containing the image data. The Background layer is
Background layer
always locked. If you want to change its stacking order, blending mode, or opacity, you must first convert it to a
regular layer.
Light coming from a source behind the photographed subject.
backlight
The standard compression scheme for JPEG files. Baseline JPEG files display in line-by-line passes
baseline JPEG
when viewed on the web.
In digital photography, the illusion that an image is slightly raised from its background surface.
bas relief
Performing one or more tasks to a group of files at the same time.
batch processing
A raised or depressed effect around all or part of an image or text. Bevels are created by applying highlight and
bevel
shadow to the inside and outside edges of its border to simulate three-dimensional depth.
The number of colors used to represent a pixel in an image. A 1-bit image is black and white; an 8-bit
bit depth
image can have 256 colors or shades of gray; a 16-bit image can have 65,536 colors.
A graphics image represented as rows and columns of dots in computer memory. When displayed on
bitmap image
a monitor, the dots are translated into pixels; when printed, they are translated into ink dots. Also called a raster
image. The edges of the pixels can be discerned in a saw-tooth pattern unless anti-aliasing is used. Bitmap file
formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PSD, PICT, and TIFF. Compare vector graphics.
Bits per channel. This measurement determines how many tones each color channel can contain.
bits/channel
A theoretical material that is black when completely cold and that begins to glow in various colors as it
black body
is heated. As its temperature (measured in degrees Kelvin) rises, it begins glowing in colors ranging from red
(coolest) to white (hottest). See also color temperature.
A feature that controls how pixels in an image are affected by a painting or editing tool. The blend
blending mode
color is applied to the base (original) color to produce a new color, the result color. When applied to layers, a blending
mode determines how the pixels in a layer blend with pixels in layers beneath it.
An artifact caused by overflow of color information from one sensor in a camera (corresponding to a
blooming
pixel) to adjacent ones. Blooming can cause streaks, halos, and loss of detail.
The softening of the detail in an image or parts of a image.
blur
A standard file format for saving bitmap files in Windows. Windows can display BMP files on any type of
BMP
display device.
A rectangular border around an image, shape, or text that you can drag to rotate or resize.
bounding box
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User Guide
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