Kurzweil K2600 - MUSICIANS GUIDE REV A PART NUMBER 910330 CHAP 15 Manual
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Kurzweil K2600 - MUSICIANS GUIDE REV A PART NUMBER 910330 CHAP 15 Manual

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Chapter 15
Advanced KDFX
This chapter describes the organization of KDFX in detail.
Personalities
KDFX can be said to have two distinct Òpersonalities,Ó depending on the setting of the FX Mode
parameter on the Effects-mode page.
If FX Mode is set to Master , then all KDFX parameters are set within the current studio, and
remain unchanged unless you edit the studio or any of its FX presets.
If FX Mode is set to anything else Ñ Program , Setup , or Auto Ñthen one or more parameters
within the studio may be under the control of an outside source, such as MIDI or one of the
K2600Õs control sources, and can be continuously changed in real time without editing the
studio or any FX presets.
For the sake of clarity, weÕll begin by discussing KDFX only in Master mode. For information
about real-time control, turn to page 15-21.
For starters, set the FX Mode parameter on the Effects-mode page to Master and the Channel FX Chan
parameter to None before going further into this chapter.
Navigating KDFX
The largest component in KDFX is the studio. The studio encompasses all of KDFXÕs signal
routings, processing algorithms, and processing parameters. When you change any parameter
in a studio, you are potentially creating a new studio, just as changing a parameter in a program
creates a different program (if you save it). The user interface within a studio is organized
according to the following diagram:
Advanced KDFX
Personalities
15-1

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  • Page 1: Chapter 15 Advanced Kdfx

    Advanced KDFX Personalities Chapter 15 Advanced KDFX This chapter describes the organization of KDFX in detail. Personalities KDFX can be said to have two distinct Òpersonalities,Ó depending on the setting of the FX Mode parameter on the Effects-mode page. If FX Mode is set to Master , then all KDFX parameters are set within the current studio, and remain unchanged unless you edit the studio or any of its FX presets.
  • Page 2 Advanced KDFX Navigating KDFX Studio| Effects Mode Edit Studio Insert FX <more> Input D FXBus 4 Save AuxFX Output Name Delete Dump Input C FXBus 3 Input B FXBus 2 Input A FXBus 1 (if mono) Edit <more> algorithm param 2 Name Save Delete Dump...
  • Page 3 FX preset. Algorithms are in the KDFX ROM, and are not normally changeable, deletable, or saveable by the user. Like ROM samples, they are simply always there. (You can load additional algorithms from disk, however, as they become available from Kurzweil.) EditFXPreset:PARAM1||||||||EffectSize:3/3 FXAlgorithm:5|MiniVerb||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||In|Gain|||:0.0dB...
  • Page 4 Advanced KDFX Navigating KDFX Input From the FXBUS page, or anywhere inside the Studio Editor, pressing the INPUT soft button brings you to the Input A page. EditStudio:INPUT||||||||||||<>Input:||A| ||A||LoShelf||HiShelf||FXBus1||FXBus2 |||G:0.0dB||G:0.0dB||Lvl:0.0dB|Lvl:Off |||F:123Hz||F:9956Hz|Pan:0%||||Pan:0% |||||||||||||||||||||Wid:100%||Wid:100% <more||INPUT||FXBUS||AUXFX||OUTPUT|more> The other Input pagesÑB, C, and DÑare selected by using the Chan / Bank Up and Down buttons.

  • Page 5: The Compare And Fx Bypass Buttons

    Advanced KDFX Navigating KDFX Output In the Studio Editor, pressing the OUTPUT soft button accesses the OUTPUT page, where the KDFXÕs ÒvirtualÓ outputs are assigned to the K2600Õs physical outputs. EditStudio:OUTPUT||||||||||||||||||||||| Mix|Lvl:0.0dB||||||Output|A:Mix Mix|Bal:0%|||||||||Output|B:Off |||||||||||||||||||Output|C:Off |||||||||||||||||||Output|D:Off <more||INPUT||FXBUS|AUXFX||OUTPUT|more>|| The OUTPUT page can also be accessed from any of the FXBUS pages by placing the cursor on the box labelled Mix and pressing Edit.

  • Page 6: Exploring The Studio Parameters

    Advanced KDFX Exploring the Studio Parameters The Effects/FX Bypass button, when you are in the Studio Editor, bypasses all of the FX presets (all of the Insert FX and the Aux FX) in the current studio, so that you can hear the signals without processing.

  • Page 7: The Arrow Meter

    Advanced KDFX Exploring the Studio Parameters The Arrow Meter On an Input page, whenever there is signal present on its bus, the arrow next to the letter of the bus ßashes. This is a good way to check that you have set up your program output routings correctly.
  • Page 8 Advanced KDFX Exploring the Studio Parameters Stereo Inputs with Pan (SP) If the input is set to SP, then each FXBus send has a Pan parameter and a Width parameter. The Width parameter determines how much separation there will be between the left and right input signals as they are sent to the FXBus: assuming Pan is set to 0%, a Width of 100% means the signals will be completely separate, while 0% means they will be combined into Òdual mono.Ó...

  • Page 9: Effects Buses

    Advanced KDFX Effects Buses Effects Buses The four insert Effects buses (FXBuses) receive the signals from the Input Editor and process them. Press the FXBUS soft button to go to one of the FXBUS pagesÑthe Þrst time you do this after entering the Studio Editor, it will be the FXBus1 page.To go to the other FXBUS pages, use the Chan/Bank Up and Down buttons.
  • Page 10 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses There is no external level control over the output of the FXBus itselfÑit just shows up, in pre- effect and post-effect versions, on the OUTPUT page. From Input editor to Aux FX bus to Mix To Output editor Figure 15-4 FXBus Signal Routing The Aux Bus...

  • Page 11: About Fx Presets

    Advanced KDFX Effects Buses From Insert FXBuses’ Aux sends to Mix To Output editor Figure 15-5 Aux Bus Outputs About FX Presets FX presets are where the processing takes place in KDFX. Each of the insert FXBuses and the Aux bus have their own FX preset, and they are all independent of each other. If you think of a studio as being the equivalent of a K2600 program, then an FX preset is the equivalent of a layer or keymap.

  • Page 12: Bus Overrides (Bus Mods)

    Advanced KDFX Effects Buses for example, if youÕve combined several inputs into one FXBus and the signal is too hot for the FX preset, you can pad it down here. The Trim is adjustable from Off/-79.0 dB to +24 dB. Below the Input Gain is usually (but not always) an Output Gain, which sets the level of the signal leaving the FX preset, which can be further modiÞed by the Mix and Aux sends on the FXBUS page.
  • Page 13 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses pressing Edit, and Þnd those two parameters on the Þrst parameter page (PARAM1). YouÕll see their values are the same as on the FXBUS page. EditStudio:FXBUS|PAU:3|Free:1||<>FXBus:1| FX1||2||Big|Room|||||||||||Aux ||Mix Wet/Dry :35%|||||Lvl:0ff |Lvl:0.0dB Out Gain :0.0dB|||Bal:0%||||Bal:0% Allocation:Auto <more||INPUT||FXBUS||AUXFX3|OUTPUT||more> Exit Edit EditMultiFX:PARAM1|||||||||EffectSize:3/3...
  • Page 14 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses EditStudio:FXBUS|PAU:3|Free:1||<>FXBus:1| FX1||2||Big|Room|||||||||||Aux ||Mix Wet/Dry :45%|||||Lvl:0ff |Lvl:0.0dB Out Gain :1.0dB|||Bal:0%||||Bal:0% Allocation:Auto <more||INPUT||FXBUS||AUXFX||OUTPUT||more> Exit Edit EditMultiFX:PARAM1|||||||||EffectSize:3/3 Algorithm:1|Panaural|Room ||||||||||||||||||||In|Gain|||:0.0dB Wet/Dry|||:BusMod|||Out|Gain||:BusMod Room|Size|:16.0m Pre|Dly|||:4ms||| Decay|Time:2.9s HF|Damping:15804Hz <more||PARAM1|PARAM2||||||||||||||||more> Figure 15-7 Bus Overrides Engaged If you now change the parameter value from inside the FX preset, it breaks the bus override. By doing this, however, you have changed the FX preset, and when you leave the FX preset you will be asked if you wish to save it.
  • Page 15 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses Allocation Understanding PAU allocation and how it works is very important for using KDFX to its fullest potential. What’s a PAU? The basic unit of signal processing in KDFX is the Processing Allocation Unit, or PAU. There are a total of 4 PAUs that can be split among the four insert FXBuses, and another 3 PAUs for the Aux bus.
  • Page 16 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses set take precedence over Auto Allocations. So for example, if you set the Allocation of FXBus1 to 3, and set the Allocation of FXBus2 to Auto, the maximum number of PAUs available to FXBus 2 is still only 1, and if you try to load a Size-2 FX preset into FXBus2, it wonÕt work and the FX presetÕs name will show up in parentheses.
  • Page 17 Advanced KDFX Effects Buses Metering All Input and FXBUS pages have rudimentary signal meters (the arrows), as weÕve seen. On the Input pages, the arrow next to the input letter ßashes when there is signal present at the input. On the FXBUS and AUXFX pages, the arrow next to the FXBus number ßashes as long as there is signal being processedÑin effect, itÕs an output meter.

  • Page 18: Output Section

    Advanced KDFX Output Section Output Section Insert FXBuses effect Mixer FXBus1 Pre FXBus1 Physical outputs Physical Output A Output B Output C Output D Figure 15-8 FXBuses and Physical Outputs In the Output section, the various signal paths are routed to the K2600Õs physical outputs. Each of the four output pairs, A, B, C, and D, has a selector switch to determine which signal it will carry.

  • Page 19: Separate Analog And Kds Outputs

    With the digital I/O option, you can use the XLR or optical outputs, or the separate KDS outputs (although this requires the Kurzweil DMTi digital interface for full functionality). With the sampling option, you can use the XLR or optical outputs.

  • Page 20: Saving Studios And Other Objects

    Advanced KDFX Saving Studios and Other objects 2. Set the Input parameter to Digital, then set the Out parameter, if available, to A/D. This causes the digital outputs to mirror the signal coming from the K2600Õs Mix outputs. (Set the Out parameter to Dir to mirror the Output A signal at the digital outs.) Note: If you donÕt have the Digital I/O option, you wonÕt see the Out parameter, which means that the digital output mirrors the K2600Õs Mix outputs.

  • Page 21: Disk Functions

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX A way to avoid this problem is to use Program or Setup mode, and use FXModsÑstudio- parameter controls that live inside a program or setupÑto make changes in the studio parameters. When you load the program or setup, the studio changes accordingly. This means you donÕt have to save each variation in the studio as a separate studio;...
  • Page 22 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX EffectMode||||Xpose:0ST|||||<>Channel:1| FX|Mode:Program FX|Chan:1 Dither|:Medium||||||DigOut|:16 Bit Octav-|Octav+|Panic||||||||Chan-||Chan+ Notice that when FX Mode is set to Program or Setup, the studio is not shown, as it is when the FX Mode is set to Master. So you canÕt go into a studio and edit it from this pageÑyou have to go through the program or setup, from its KDFX page.

  • Page 23: Setting Up Fxmods

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX The top line tells us weÕre in the KDFX section of the Program Editor. The second line shows the studio that is linked to this program. Any changes made on this page do not directly affect the studio, they affect only this programÕs control over the studio.
  • Page 24 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX What Can’t Be Controlled You cannot change any parameters through KDFX that would involve a major reconÞguration of the studio: ¥ Bus assignments on the Input pages ¥ Selecting FX presets on the FXBus pages ¥...
  • Page 25 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX Dedicated FXMod Control Sources There are a few control sources that apply exclusively to FXMods: ¥ FXLFO1, FXLFO1ph, FXLFO2, and FXLFO2phÑtwo LFOs and their phases. ¥ FXASR1 and FXASR2Ñ two three-stage (Attack/Sustain/Release) envelopes with selectable triggers and Normal, Hold, and Repeat modes.
  • Page 26 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX instead will say FXMod. DonÕt touch any of those parameters for nowÑweÕll explain why in a moment. EditFXPreset:PARAM1|||||EffectSize:3/3 Algorithm:1|Panaural|Room||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||In|Gain|||:0.0dB Wet/Dry|||:FXMod||||Out|Gain||:2.0dB Room|Size|:FXMod Pre|Dly|||:4ms||||||Decay|Time:1.7s HF|Damping:14080Hz <more||PARAM1|PARAM2|||||||||||||more> Note that if you look at the studio when FX Mode is in Master, the FXMods will not be displayed, because the FXMods are not in effect! So donÕt get confused.

  • Page 27: Importing Studios From Another Program Or Setup

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX used for many different purposes if you use FXMods to control it. FXMods can set the gain of the signals going to the various FXBuses, set panning and output levels of the signals from the buses, conÞgure the mix going to the Aux bus, and even turn FXBuses on or off, as well as set processing parameters.

  • Page 28: Using Kdfx Live From The K2600 Keyboard

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX FXMods on Imported Studios If you have imported a studio into a program, the FXMods that were in the program youÕve imported into are now all gone. They are replaced with the FXMods associated with the program you imported from.

  • Page 29: Using Kdfx With A Sequencer

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX other current program parameters, will not address KDFX. If FX Chan is set to Current then you donÕt have to worry about this. Performance Modes and Effects Control HereÕs how to tell whatÕs controlling what, depending on the various modes. See FX Channel below for information about the MIDI channel for external control of KDFX.

  • Page 30: Preventing Glitches When Changing Studios

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX notes, and use up none of the K2600Õs polyphony. Use the <more> buttons to get to the KDFX page, and start setting up your studio and FXMods, or, if you have another program already set up with the studio and FXMods you want, use Import FX to bring that studio and FXMods into the current program.
  • Page 31 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX cases, instead of a hole, you will hear a momentary pitch shift as the studio changes. A bit of experimentation will help you determine how to achieve acceptable transitions between studios. Program 1 Program 2 Studio: Test X Studio: Test Y FX1 10 Slo String Hall...

  • Page 32: Tempo-Based Control Of Kdfx

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX using Auto allocation. Using the same example, if Studio Y had 2 PAUs hard-assigned to FXBus1, even though the FX preset is only using one of the PAUs, then that second PAU would not get reassigned to the reverb, and the reverbÕs transition would be smooth. Studio X Studio Y FX1 Chorus...
  • Page 33 Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX parameter immediately below Tempo, Period, multiplies or divides the tempo. The Period is expressed in beats (bts) and ranges from 1/24 (the actual time is 24 times faster than the Tempo) to 32 (the time is 32 times slower than the Tempo) in a sliding scale based on 24ths of a beat. So for example, if an LFO has a Tempo setting of 120 BPM and a Period of 12/24 bts, the LFO will oscillate 240 times per minute, or 4 Hz.

  • Page 34: Kdfx In Master Mode

    Advanced KDFX Real-time Control of KDFX Tap Tempo A real-time tap on a footswitch or button can also be used to control the tempo of a parameter in KDFX. Like Tempo, Tap Tempo is not KDFX-speciÞc, but can be used throughout the K2600Õs operating system, including the sequencer.

  • Page 35: Using The Algorithms

    KurzweilÕs own engineers have approached the complex issue of studio organization. And certainly it can serve as a good starting point when you start creating your own studios.
  • Page 36 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Out Gain sets the level of the signal after it passes through the FXpreset. From here the signal goes directly to the Output page, if one of the Outputs is set to FXBusn. The level can be further changed before it goes to the Mix and/or Aux buses.
  • Page 37 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms settings the early reßections are seamless. It is adjustable from 0.00 to 2.00, with 1.00 being nominal for the given Room Type. Density controls how tightly the early reßections are packed in time. Low Density settings group the early reßections close together, while higher values spread the reßections for a smoother reverb.

  • Page 38: Complex Echo

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms DelayScale lets you change the lengths of all the taps together. Its range is 0 to 10x. Note that it is possible for KDFX to run out of delay memory with over-generous settings of DelayScale or very slow Tempos.

  • Page 39: Compressors, Expanders, And Gates

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Treb Gain and Bass Gain control the amount of cut or boost above (Treb) or below (Bass) the center frequency. The range is -79 to +24 dB. Midn Gain sets the cut or boost for the parametric band n, with a range of -79 to +24 dB. Midn Freq sets the center frequency for parametric band n, with a range of 16 to 25088 Hz, in increments of a semitone.
  • Page 40 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms source. Feedback compression tends to be more subtle, but it does not allow instantaneous attack compression. Atk (Attack) Time for the compressor is adjustable from 0.0 to 228.0 ms. Rel (Release) Time for the compressor is adjustable from 0 to 3000 ms. Smooth Time smooths the output of the expanderÕs envelope detector by putting a lowpass Þlter in the control signal path.
  • Page 41 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Gate Time is the time that the gate will stay open when the sidechain signal reaches the Threshold. Its range is 0 to 3000ms. Ducking reverses the action of the gate. Normally this if set to Off, and the gate opens when the input signal rises above the threshold.
  • Page 42 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Flanger Flanging is the process of adding or subtracting a signal with a time-displaced replica of itself, which results in a series of notches in the frequency spectrum, generally referred to as a comb Þlter. In KDFX, the ßanger is a multi-tap delay line, all (but one) of whose taps can have their lengths modulated up and down by a low frequency oscillator (LFO).
  • Page 43 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms sample. At low values, the buzz starts at high frequencies and drops slowly, while at high values the buzz starts at a lower pitch and drops rapidly. Range is 0.0 to 40.0 samples. Contour controls the overall shape of the reverb. When set to a high value, sounds passed through the reverb start at a high level and slowly decay.
  • Page 44 Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Retrigger is the input-signal threshold at which the envelope detector resets, so that it can trigger again. This parameter is only useful when it is set below the value of Trigger. Range is from -79 to 0 dB. Env Rate is the envelope detector decay rate.

  • Page 45: Rotating Speakers

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Cabinet HP and Cabinet LP are highpass and lowpass Þlters to set the frequency response limits of the cabinets. Range of both Þlters is 16 to 25088 Hz. Polydistort This is a more complex distortion algorithm that provides two, four, or six stages of distortion. Curve n controls the curvature of the individual distortion stages.

  • Page 46: Tremolo And Autopan

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Vibrato/Chorus The Vibrato/Chorus algorithm (and also the KB3 effects algorithm) simulates the vibrato and chorus effects on a Hammond organ, and is used in conjunction with the Rotary Speaker. It has several unique parameters: VibChInOut is an in/out switch for the Vibrato/Chorus effect. Vib/Chor is the type of Vibrato/Chorus effect to be used.

  • Page 47: Pitch Shifter (Pitcher)

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms CentrAtten (Attenuation) (AutoPan) is the amount the signal level drops as it is panned through the center of the stereo image. For the smoothest tracking, a widely accepted subjective reference is -3dB. Values above -3dB will cause somewhat of a bump in level as an image passes through the center, while values below -3dB will cause a dip.

  • Page 48: Stereo Simulation

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms The other four oscillators, Sine2 through Sine5, each have Lvl and Freq controls. SRS (Sound Retrieval System) SRS, which is used under license from SRS Labs, Inc., is a single-ended processing system that produces a fully immersive, three-dimensional sound image from any audio sourceÑmono, stereo, surround sound or encoded with any other audio enhancement technologyÑwith two or more standard speakers.

  • Page 49: Stereo Analyze

    Advanced KDFX Using the Algorithms Stereo Analyze In this algorithm you can look at the two channels of a stereo signal, and also their inversions, sums, and differences. You can adjust their gains, and apply small delays to either or both channels.

  • Page 50: Special Topics

    Advanced KDFX Special Topics Special Topics Song Mode WeÕve referred to the special aspects of KDFX in Song mode elsewhere in the manual. Here is a summary of whatÕs been said, along with some new information. FX Mode in Song Mode If FX Mode on the Effects-mode page is set to Program, and you put the K2600 into Song mode, control of KDFX remains with the program that is on the current FX Channel, as set on the Effects-mode page.
  • Page 51 Advanced KDFX Special Topics Studios and Songs in Master Mode When you are using KDFX in Master mode, the studio does not get saved with the song, since it is not a dependent object of the song, or of anything in it. Therefore, if you want to recall a studio whenever you load in a particular song, you either have to: ¥...

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