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PICARRO G2182-i Manual
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PICARRO G2182-i Manual

Analyzer of d and 13c in ch4
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G2182-i Analyzer of
D and 
13
C in CH
4
Picarro, Inc.
3105 Patrick Henry Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA
Tel: +1 408 962 3900
www.picarro.com
Document Number 40-0010 Rev. B

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Summary of Contents for PICARRO G2182-i

  • Page 1 G2182-i Analyzer of D and  C in CH Picarro, Inc. 3105 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA Tel: +1 408 962 3900 www.picarro.com Document Number 40-0010 Rev. B...
  • Page 2 NOTICES DISCLAIMER AND RESERVATION OF RIGHTS Picarro has prepared this manual solely for the information and use by its customers as a guide for the selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of the products described.
  • Page 3 +31 85 888 1650 Customer Service: Email: orders@picarro.com Phone: +1 408 962 3992 © 2020 Picarro, Inc. All rights reserved. 3105 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, California, 95054USA Phone 408.962.3900 • Fax 408.962.3200 www.picarro.com P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 4 7.3 Setting Up a Monitor, Keyboard, and Mouse ......... 25 8. BASIC OPERATION ..................26 8.1 Startup Procedure ................. 26 8.2 Desktop Icons and Folders ..............28 8.4 Shutdown Procedure ................31 8.5 In case of an Electrical Power Outage ..........32 G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 5 12. CALIBRATION....................54 12.1 Method 1: Using the GUI to Calibrate ..........54 12.2 Method 2: Using the “Picarro Data Recalibration Tool” to Calibrate ..57 13. TROUBLESHOOTING .................. 59 13.1 Power LED on Analyzer Does Not Illuminate ........59 13.2 User Interface Program Does Not Start ..........
  • Page 6 14.5 Cleaning ....................65 15. LIMITED WARRANTY .................. 66 REMOTE DATA ACCESS ............68 A.1 Serial Communication ................68 G2182-i MODE SWITCHER ............71 DATA FILE VIEWER ..............72 EXTERNAL VALVE SEQUENCER........... 73 D.1 Introduction ................... 73 D.2 Default Configuration ................74 D.3 Setting up Solenoid Valves ..............
  • Page 7 Spectroscopy (CRDS), on the other hand, is one thousand to one million more times sensitive. In Picarro analyzers, light from a single-frequency laser enters a cavity where three mirrors reflect the laser light as seen in Figure 1. The light...
  • Page 8 A cavity containing gas that absorbs light will have a shorter ring- down time than an empty cavity. As the light circulates in a cavity with a gas sample, the molecular absorption by the gas results in a decrease of the light intensity. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 9 Determining absorption intensity at a specific wavelength requires comparing the ring-down time of an empty cavity to the ring-down time of a cavity that contains gas. Picarro instruments gather measurements from an “empty” cavity by switching the light to wavelengths that are not absorbed by the target molecules.
  • Page 10 1.4 Spectral Precision and High Sensitivity Measurements Picarro analyzers contain two features that provide high spectral precision: ▪ Proprietary wavelength monitor (WLM) that measures the absolute laser wavelength to a precision that is a few orders of magnitude narrower than the spectral linewidth: Picarro’s patented WLM...
  • Page 11 For precise pressure control, the cavity pressure is monitored using a high- linearity pressure transducer. The system computer uses this pressure data in a feedback loop to control proportional valves that adjust the inlet and outlet gas flow of the cavity. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 12 LASER WARNING alerts you of a laser danger. WARNING CAUTION alerts you of a potential danger to equipment or to the user. CAUTION REMINDER is a helpful hint to procedures listed in the text. REMINDER G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 13 CRDS Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Graphical User Interface centimeters millimeters ” (as in 1/4”) Inches Methane Water Ammonia Carbon Dioxide Hotbox Warm box Parts Per Million Parts Per Billion ‰ per mil °C degrees Celsius P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 14 4. SAFETY 4.1 General Safety CDRH Certification This Picarro Analyzer complies with 21 CFR Chapter 1, sub-chapter J, and is classified as a Class 1 laser system when all panels and covers are on. CE Certification This Picarro Analyzer complies with the European standards and the instrument is affixed with a CE label.
  • Page 15 WARNING laser safe service area using appropriate laser-safety glasses. The following Laser Safety Label is affixed to the inside of the analyzer: P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 16 Figure 4: Laser Safety Label Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. WARNING G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 17 5. UNPACKING THE ANALYZER 5.1 Inspect the Shipping Boxes Picarro products are inspected and tested before leaving the factory. Their packing containers have been designed to keep the equipment safe from damage during transit. Inspect the condition of the boxes upon arrival. The larger box includes the analyzer and most of the accessories.
  • Page 18 For External Solenoid Valves Nut (1) and Ferrules (2) For connecting input line to analyzer INPUT Document Packet (1) Includes this manual, certificate of compliance, and Windows License. USB Flash Drive Contains backup software. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 19 A/C Power A power cable with connectors appropriate to your Cable (1) country is provided. Vacuum Hose (1) Hose to connect the pump to the analyzer. Pump Manual (1) Detailed instructions for pump. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 20 6. ANALYZER OVERVIEW 6.1 Intended Use The G2182-i Analyzer measures concentrations of D and  C in CH precisely using Picarro’s patented Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) technology. The analyzer can be deployed in a lab or in the field, allowing in-situ analysis for both trace and ambient amounts of D and ...
  • Page 21 Steady-state Power 120 W (Analyzer), 150 W (Pump) Steady-state operation Mains Supply Voltage ±10% of the nominal voltage Fluctuation Minimum Rated Circuit 10 A @115 VAC Amperage 5 A @230 VAC Liquid Ingress Protection None P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 22 7. INSTALLATION This section describes the setup and installation of the Picarro Analyzer. Please read and understand this section thoroughly before proceeding with the installation. Using this analyzer in a manner not specified by Picarro may result in damage to the analyzer and render it unsafe to operate.
  • Page 23 1. Remove the Analyzer and the External Vacuum Pump from their respective shipping containers. This analyzer weighs 46 lbs. (20.9 kg). Use the technique outlined in the General Safety section on page 14 when lifting or moving the analyzer. WARNING P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 24 7. Connect the analyzer to a power source using the supplied AC power cable. Use the AC power cables supplied with the analyzer or a similarly rated cable. Check with Picarro technical support if you have questions about power cable replacement. An inadequately rated power cable can result CAUTION in equipment damage.
  • Page 25 WARNING Making a New Connection: When using new tubing, follow these steps. 1. Place the two ferrules inside the nut as shown. Figure 7: Orientation of ferrules and P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 26 3. Connect a monitor to one of the DVI monitor ports. The analyzer will detect the connection and adjust the resolution to match the monitor. 4. Connect the monitor to a power source. 5. Turn on power to the monitor. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 27 Throughout this manual, some of the GUI screenshots may be generic and/or not specific to the actual gas being analyzed. These figures are examples of universal analyzer functions and are used NOTE for training purposes. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 28 (coordinator) is used to control the sample source and match the corresponding real time read out with the sample source. Depending on system configuration, coordinator programs may not be included. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 29 3. Picarro Mode Switcher: When clicked, you will be led to a window that will allow you to switch between various measurement modes. Most...
  • Page 30 Mode Switcher. If the analyzer has multiple modes, this allows the user to switch between them easily. 4. Picarro Controller: When clicked, you will be led to a useful diagnostic panel allowing the user to see the analyzer’s internal temperatures, pressure, and spectroscopy in real time.
  • Page 31 (typically 12VDC <1A max). It is important to electrically isolate the solenoid valves from the CAUTION analyzer’s ground to avoid electrical interference which could compromise the analyzer’s accuracy. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 32 A flow of clean, dry gas should always be directed to the instrument for several minutes prior to shutting down. Trapping a high-moisture content gas sample in the cavity can cause CAUTION condensation damage to the mirrors as the instrument cools from its operating temperature. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 33 If the power to the analyzer is cut-off for any reason, the analyzer will cease operation. However, when the power is reapplied, the analyzer will restart automatically. The Picarro software tools will also properly close out previous files and open new files for data collection so that previously collected data, instrument diagnostics, and other parameters recorded up to the time of power outage are retained.
  • Page 34 Pressure Stabilizing/Locked The valve control system begins to allow flow through the analyzer and stabilizes the pressure inside the cavity. Measuring This is the normal mode of operation after startup has completed. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 35 The Picarro analyzer GUI has useful features. See below for more information. Layout of the Picarro analyzer GUI, G2000 series. The heading of the window may be different depending on the type of the analyzer. 10.2 Settings, Tools and Help Menus:...
  • Page 36 Tools Menu This menu item has three entries: 1. User Calibration: Opens the user calibration window (default password is “picarro”). The password can be reset in the QuickGui.ini file in the instrument directory: “C:\Picarro\G2000\AppConfig \Config\QuickGUI\” under the section: 2. [Authorization] UserCalPassword = Picarro Show/Hide Valve 3.
  • Page 37 Press this button if you would like the instrument to start recording a separate data file. A dialog box will appear prompting you for a filename and location. Press this button again to stop recording the data file. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 38 Click on this icon to select the precision displayed on the y-axis, between 0 and 4 digits of precision or “auto”. The currently selected precision is displayed during operation. This does not affect the precision of the saved data in the data log files or results files. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 39 To autoscale the y-axis of either graph, use the autoscale buttons below the graph. To lock or unlock the time axes of each graph during zooming, select that menu item in the ‘View’ menu. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 40 10.14 Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer Controller On your desktop, there is an icon labeled “Picarro Controller.” This is reserved for Picarro service operators only. Clicking on this icon will open up a useful diagnostics panel (see image below), allowing the user to see the analyzer’s internal temperatures, pressure, and spectroscopy in real...
  • Page 41 Naming Convention: See example below. ▪ CFHADS2007-20111222-000131-DataLog_User.dat ▪ CFHADS: Instrument Serial Number ▪ 20111222: Year, Month, date of when file was started. ▪ 000131: Hour, Minute, second of when file was started (Using a 24 hour clock). P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 42 This information is generally not useful to the user, but it can be useful for diagnostic purposes. For more information, please contact Picarro. Location: C:\Picarro\G2000\Log\Archive\DataLog_Private\Year\Month\Day G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 43 The analyzer can automatically compress (zip) and archive old files as mentioned above. This operation is controlled by the ini file: C:\Picarro\G2000\ AppConfig\Config\Archiver\Archiver.ini. For each file type, there are various items along with some recommended default settings which may vary by file type: •...
  • Page 44 Hydrogen Sulfide, Ethane, Ethylene, and Butane. The software is always on while the analyzer is running, and has been calibrated for each instrument at Picarro. No action from the customer is required to activate or to recalibrate the software. ChemDetect value can either be 0(no contamination) or 1(contamination).
  • Page 45 RDF and DataLog_Private files, which can all be found in the C:\Picarro\G2000\Log\Archive directory. RDF files are useful for its ability to show residual data, which can be analyzed by Picarro for the source of contamination. RDF files are large (on average 1GB/day), however, and it has been factory set to be deleted frequently from the archived data directory.
  • Page 46 Data File Viewer program. This software can be found in the “Picarro utilities” folder in the desktop. This program allows you to open h5 files, convert h5 files to *.dat files (also *.dat to h5), as well as to do batch conversions.
  • Page 47 The Data file viewer is a great software for viewing ChemDetect data. The above shows the ChemDetect, residual, and delta data from the same sample source plotted against time. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 48 11.7 SETUP TOOL In the desktop folder called Picarro Utilities, the Setup Tool can be launched by double clicking on its icon. The tool allows the user to configure data file saving details, including which data elements are written to data files, digital data output (via serial port or TCP/IP), remote data delivery (via email), and general GUI properties.
  • Page 49 After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. See below to learn more about Serial Communication in Picarro Analyzer, and also see “External Valve Sequencer” section of this manual to learn more about valve sequencer.
  • Page 50 Subject: subject line of the email. Data Directory: Location of the data you want email. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 51 3. Click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. You should now be able to access the “Show/Hide Valve Sequencer GUI” menu from the main GUI under “Tools” P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 52 Datalog_User and DataLog_User_Sync (Relevant only for Flux G2311-f analyzers). To output data, the Command Interface needs to be sent commands to. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 53 Datalog_User and DataLog_User_Sync (Relevant only for Flux G2311-f analyzers). Data Streaming outputs data continuously, whereas the Command Interface needs commands to output data. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 54 Customizing Analog Output Channels The Picarro analyzer may be optionally configured with an Electrical Interface Card (EIC) that provides up to 8 analog signals available to the user for monitoring various measurements results and analyzer parameters. The ELECTRICAL INTERFACE tab allows you to customize each analog output channel.
  • Page 55 Method 1. 12.1 Method 1: Using the GUI to Calibrate Since the Picarro Analyzer is extremely linear, it is only necessary to use three calibration standards to calibrate each gas or isotopic species (two points define the calibration line and a third intermediate point is used for verification).
  • Page 56 Calibration values are input into the software by selecting the “User Calibration” from the Tools menu and entering the slope and intercept for each species. This is a password-protected function, with the default password “picarro” and can be changed by modifying an *.ini file as previously described. G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 57 User Calibration Window After the calibration is entered, it will take effect immediately after clicking “OK.” To return to the factory calibration, simply set the slope to 1 and the intercept to 0 for each species. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 58 12.2 Method 2: Using the “Picarro Data Recalibration Tool” to Calibrate This tool can be used after you have performed the calibration measurements of standards with your Picarro analyzer. The Picarro Data Recalibration (“Data Recal”) software can be found in the “Picarro Utilities”...
  • Page 59 After clicking on “Apply New Cal” in the previous window, the window on the left will pop up. The default user Calibration Password is “Picarro.” Click “OK” to continue. Take note that this action cannot be undone from the “Picarro Data Recalibration Window,” but it CAN be undone from the “User Calibration”...
  • Page 60 The corresponding step-by-step procedures provide resolution in most cases. If, after attempting these procedures, the problem remains unresolved, contact Picarro support as noted at the beginning of this manual. 13.1 Power LED on Analyzer Does Not Illuminate Context: Turning on the analyzer by momentarily depressing its front panel power switch should apply power.
  • Page 61 2. If the computer does not respond to the mouse, hold down the power switch on the front panel for a few seconds until the computer and the instrument turn off. After another few seconds, restart the analyzer by momentarily depressing the power button. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 62 There are two in-line, sub-micron particulate filters before the measurement cavity. The first is user-replaceable and replacement filters can be purchased from Picarro and installed by the user. It is important to NEVER remove the filter that is directly attached to the cavity. Only change the filter immediately following the inlet at the back of the analyzer.
  • Page 63 6. Slide the foam towards left side of the analyzer (from the back of the analyzer) to remove it (Fig 2). Remove this foam. Loosen this retaining nut on the input bulkhead. Fig 2: Remove the foam. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 64 Loosen this nut Fig 3: Loosen 2 nuts to remove the filter Hold the old filter steady with an Loosen the 11/16” nut with a wrench. 9/16” wrench. Fig 4: Loosen the First Nut G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 65 11/16” wrench. Fig 5: Loosen the 2 8. Slide the filter slightly towards the back of the analyzer and lift it out (Fig 6). Fig 6: Remove the old filter P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 66 4. With a 2 mm hex driver, reattach the analyzer’s top with 6 screws. 14.5 Cleaning Clean the outside of the analyzer with a clean dry cloth. Only certified service technicians should access or clean the inside of the analyzer. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 67 Product specifications for twelve (12) months from shipment. This warranty is the only warranty made by Picarro with respect to its Products and no person is authorized to bind Picarro for any obligations or liabilities beyond this warranty in connection with its Products.
  • Page 68 The following warranty conditions shall apply to all Picarro, Inc. products unless amended by a written instrument signed by a duly authorized officer of Picarro: ADJUSTMENT – No electrical, mechanical or optical adjustments to the product(s) are permitted. PARTS AND LABOR - New or factory-built replacements for defective parts will be supplied for twelve (12) months from date of shipment of the product.
  • Page 69 Guide (included in pdf format on the installation CD) and Section 11.6 of this manual. This command set may also be used across a TCP/IP interface through an Ethernet connection. Please contact Picarro for further details. Remote Data Access Using the RemoteAccess.ini file, the analyzer can be configured to automatically: 1.
  • Page 70 RFC2554. If such authentication is not needed, the key UseAuthentication is set to false. If this key is set to true, two additional keys Username and Password must also be specified for the e-mail account. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 71 Example of “RemoteAccess.ini” File [LOGGING] Logfile=c:/temp/RemoteAccessLog [NTP] Server1=time-a.nist.gov Server2=time-b.nist.gov Server3=time-a.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server4=time-b.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server5=time-c.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server6=time.nist.gov Server7=time-nw.nist.gov UpdateClock=1 [DIALUP] ConnectionName=Picarro Dialup Access Username=user Password=password Number=14085551212 [EMAIL] Server=smtp.servername.org Directory=c:/picarro/mailbox From=instrument@picarro.com To1=recipient1@site1.com To2=recipient2@site2.com Subject=CRDS data from Silverstone instrument UseAuthentication=0 P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 72 G2182-i MODE SWITCHER Below are descriptions of different Measurement Modes offered by Picarro’s G2182-i analyzer: • [1: G2182-i] : Measures only high concentration (1000ppm to15000ppm) of CH for D and  C analysis. (N2 background or Air Background denotes the background gas matrix specified during calibration and sale of the instrument.)
  • Page 73 In the graph window, you can select any of the data columns in the file, autoscale, zoom, hide/show points, and calculate statistics of data within the graph window. If you have any questions, please contact Picarro or refer to Picarro Community for more information. https://www.picarro.com/support/community...
  • Page 74 The Picarro valve sequencer window appears as below: External Valve Sequencer GUI D.1 Introduction The Picarro analyzer can control two types of valves: 1. Solenoid valve(s): DC voltage powered valve with normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) positions. These can be either 2-way or 3- way valves.
  • Page 75 D.2 Default Configuration For all models of Picarro analyzers the rotary valve control is disabled in the factory default setting. The solenoid valve control, however, are ready to use by default for all solenoid valve connectors. D.3 Setting up Solenoid Valves Up to six solenoid valves can be controlled by the Valve Sequencer software.
  • Page 76 Different sequences can be created and saved in the software. Use the “Sequence File #” field to select which file the sequence will be saved to (0 to 10 are the available choices). Click the up/down arrows to select the desired number. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 77 “Next Step” to initialize the newly selected sequence. To run a sequence file press “Enable Sequencer”, this button will turn to “Disable Sequencer” once the sequence starts. (The sequencer should be P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 78 These codes can be used as event timing flags. For example, if no solenoid valves are present, the codes will be recorded regardless of whether a valve is connected or not. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 79 Overview generalized schematic of Picarro analyzer system hardware, software, and data file generation: The samples A, B, and C are introduced into the analyzer sequentially by a sampling module, if present. The sampling module could be a set of customer-supplied valves, a valve manifold, a discrete sampling module, or other device.
  • Page 80 From the Coordinator window, you will be able see results from sample analysis, see the current status of your analyzer, and load sample descriptions. Coordinator window. The look of the window may vary depending on the configuration of your analyzer. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 81 C and δD. Step 1: Double click on the "Coordinator Launcher" icon on the analyzer’s desktop. Step 2: The “Picarro Coordinator Launcher” will appear on your desktop. Click on the drop-down menu and select the "Peak Integration Coordinator" or “Pulse Integration”, then click on the launch button.
  • Page 82 1. Specify the total number of samples you plan to analyze. 2. Pre-trigger time and post-trigger time will be pre-populated with values recommended by Picarro. However, they can be modified easily on this window: Pre-trigger time: is the time it will take to go from baseline to threshold.
  • Page 83 GC autosampler. Step 5: After clicking “OK”, the Graphic User Interface (GUI) will pop up on your desktop. The GUI below shows graphs after two sample analysis by a CRDS. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 84 Below describes each column. 1. Sample Id: Identification number for each trial. 2. Peak Number: Number of pulses for each sample analysis - Typically one for each sample. 3. Description: Name given for each trial. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 85 Step 7: To enter the description of the samples being analyzed, you need to create a “SampleDescr.csv” file. To do so, please go to your “Picarro Hard Disk Drive(C:)” under “Computer”. The figure above shows the chain of directories which you can follow to find your “SampleDescr.csv”...
  • Page 86 Step 8: Right-click on “SampleDescr.csv” file, and select “Edit with Notepad++”. Below is an example of a “SampleDescr.csv” file. G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...
  • Page 87 Double-click on the “SampleDescr.csv” file and this will load the description corresponding to the sample being analyzed, after the individual sample analysis is finished and its data is reported into the coordinator. P/N 40-0010-Rev B G2182-i User Manual...
  • Page 88 Once the sample description file is open, introduce the edits you desire, save the file and close it, and then double click on its icon in the “Sample description file” open window. The output results file is saved in C:\Picarro\IsotopicData G2182-i User Manual P/N 40-0010-Rev B...