PICARRO G2131-i User Manual
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PICARRO G2131-i User Manual

Analyzer for isotopic co2
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G2131-i Analyzer for Isotopic CO
2
User Manual
Picarro, Inc.
3105 Patrick Henry Drive
Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA
Phone: +1 408 962 3900
www.picarro.com
Document Number 40042 Rev. B

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  • Page 1 G2131-i Analyzer for Isotopic CO User Manual Picarro, Inc. 3105 Patrick Henry Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA Phone: +1 408 962 3900 www.picarro.com Document Number 40042 Rev. B...
  • Page 2 NOTICES DISCLAIMER AND RESERVATION OF RIGHTS Picarro has prepared this manual solely for the information and use by its customers as a guide for the selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of the products described.
  • Page 3 Picarro, Inc. has prepared this manual for use by its customers as a guide for the proper installation, operation and/or maintenance of the Picarro analyzer.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    7.2 Connecting to the Analyzer Inlet ............25 7.3 Setting Up a Monitor, Keyboard, and Mouse ......... 26 8. BASIC OPERATION 8.1 Startup ....................27 8.2 Shutdown Procedure ................29 8.3 In case of an Electrical Power Outage ..........30 Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 5 12.5 Setup Tool ................... 43 13. CALIBRATION 13.1 Method 1: Using the GUI to Calibrate ..........51 13.2 Method 2: Using the “Picarro Data Recalibration Tool” to Calibrate ..53 14. CAVITY RING-DOWN SPECTROMETER CONTROLLER 15. SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 15.1 Particulate Filter Replacement ............56 15.2 Tools Required: ...................
  • Page 6 C.3 Setting up Solenoid Valves ..............72 C.4 Setting Up Rotary Selector Valve ............72 C.5 Valve Sequencer Software ..............73 C.6 Configuring a Valve Sequence ............. 73 C.7 Loading and Running a Saved Sequence ..........74 Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 7: Introduction To Technology

    Spectroscopy (CRDS), on the other hand, is one thousand to one million more times sensitive. In Picarro analyzers, light from a single-frequency laser enters a cavity where three mirrors reflect the laser light as seen in Figure 1. The light...

  • Page 8: Relating Ring-Down Time To Absorption Intensity

    A cavity containing gas that absorbs light will have a shorter ring- down time than an empty cavity. As the light circulates in a cavity with a gas sample, the molecular absorption by the gas results in a decrease of the light intensity. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 9: Converting Absorption Intensity To Concentration

    Determining absorption intensity at a specific wavelength requires comparing the ring-down time of an empty cavity to the ring-down time of a cavity that contains gas. Picarro instruments gather measurements from an “empty” cavity by switching the light to wavelengths that are not absorbed by the target molecules.

  • Page 10: Spectral Precision And High Sensitivity Measurements

    1.4 Spectral Precision and High Sensitivity Measurements Picarro analyzers contain two features that provide high spectral precision: ▪ Proprietary wavelength monitor (WLM) that measures the absolute laser wavelength to a precision that is a few orders of magnitude narrower than the spectral linewidth: Picarro’s patented WLM...
  • Page 11 For precise pressure control, the cavity pressure is monitored using a high- linearity pressure transducer. The system computer uses this pressure data in a feedback loop to control proportional valves that adjust the inlet and outlet gas flow of the cavity. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 12: Conventions

    LASER WARNING alerts you of a laser danger. WARNING CAUTION alerts you of a potential danger to equipment or to the user. CAUTION REMINDER is a helpful hint to procedures listed in the text. REMINDER Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 13: Acronyms

    Acronym Definition CRDS Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy Graphical User Interface centimeters millimeters ” (as in 1/4”) Inches Water Ammonia Carbon Dioxide Hotbox Warm box Parts Per Million Parts Per Billion ‰ per mil °C degrees Celsius Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 14: Safety

    4. SAFETY 4.1 General Safety CDRH Certification This Picarro Analyzer complies with 21 CFR Chapter 1, sub-chapter J, and is classified as a Class 1 laser system when all panels and covers are on. CE Certification This Picarro Analyzer complies with the European standards and the instrument is affixed with a CE label.

  • Page 15: Laser Safety

    Only operate or service this device in accordance with the instructions in this guide, and only open the device in an approved WARNING laser safe service area using appropriate laser-safety glasses. The following Laser Safety Label is affixed to the inside of the analyzer: Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 16 Figure 4: Laser Safety Label Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure. WARNING Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 17: Unpacking The Analyzer

    5. UNPACKING THE ANALYZER 5.1 Inspect the Shipping Boxes Picarro products are inspected and tested before leaving the factory. Their packing containers have been designed to keep the equipment safe from damage during transit. Inspect the condition of the boxes upon arrival. The larger box includes the analyzer and most of the accessories.
  • Page 18 Control Cable (1) For External Solenoid Valves Nut (1) and Ferrules (2) For connecting input line to analyzer INPUT Document Packet (1) Includes this manual, certificate of compliance, and Windows License. USB Flash Drive Contains backup software. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 19 A/C Power A power cable with connectors appropriate to your Cable (1) country is provided. Vacuum Hose (1) Hose to connect the pump to the analyzer. Pump Manual (1) Detailed instructions for pump. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 20: Analyzer Overview

    The G2131 Analyzer measures concentrations of Isotopic CO precisely using Picarro’s patented Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) technology. The analyzer can be deployed in a lab or in the field, allowing in-situ analysis for both trace and ambient amounts of Isotopic CO monitoring applications.

  • Page 21: Analyzer Specifications

    Steady-state Power 120 W (Analyzer), 150 W (Pump) Steady-state operation Mains Supply Voltage ±10% of the nominal voltage Fluctuation Minimum Rated Circuit 10 A @115 VAC Amperage 5 A @230 VAC Liquid Ingress Protection None Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 22: Installation

    7. INSTALLATION This section describes the setup and installation of the Picarro Analyzer. Please read and understand this section thoroughly before proceeding with the installation. Using this analyzer in a manner not specified by Picarro may result in damage to the analyzer and render it unsafe to operate.

  • Page 23: Analyzer And Vacuum Setup

    2. Place the Analyzer on a bench top or flat surface. Place the External Vacuum Pump near-by or on the floor. Don’t push the analyzer into position yet, there are cables to be installed on the back panel. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 24 7. Connect the analyzer to a power source using the supplied AC power cable. Use the AC power cables supplied with the analyzer or a similarly rated cable. Check with Picarro technical support if you have questions about power cable replacement. An inadequately rated power cable can result CAUTION in equipment damage.

  • Page 25: Connecting To The Analyzer Inlet

    WARNING Making a New Connection: When using new tubing, follow these steps. 1. Place the two ferrules inside the nut as shown. Figure 7: Orientation of ferrules and Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 26: Setting Up A Monitor, Keyboard, And Mouse

    2. Connect a monitor to one of the DVI monitor ports. The analyzer will detect the connection and adjust the resolution to match the monitor. 3. Connect the monitor to a power source. 4. Turn on power to the monitor. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 27: Basic Operation

    GUI is the continuous real time read out from the analyzer. A user relevant subset of this data is stored in C:\Userdata\DataLog_User \YYYY\MM\DD, where Y=year, M=month, D=day. Further details can be found under the file management section, Appendix D of the manual. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 28 The analyzer measures continuously and reports the data to the GUI which saves a single file where all data is reported as a function of time. The coordinator gets data from the GUI and creates a single file, and the data is reported as a function of sample. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 29: Shutdown Procedure

    FOR G2xxxx ANALYZERS: If you have trouble turning off the analyzer software, do not kill the process(es) in the task manager; rather, double-click on the "Stop Instrument" icon in the CAUTION Diagnostics folder on your desktop. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 30: In Case Of An Electrical Power Outage

    If the power to the analyzer is cut-off for any reason, the analyzer will cease operation. However, when the power is reapplied, the analyzer will restart automatically. The Picarro software tools will also properly close out previous files and open new files for data collection so that previously collected data, instrument diagnostics, and other parameters recorded up to the time of power outage are retained.

  • Page 31: Desktop Icons And Folders

    (such as individual gas bags) or measure from multiple locations. 3. Picarro Mode Switcher: When clicked, you will be led to a window which will allow you to switch between various measurement modes. 4. Picarro Controller: When clicked, you will be led to a useful diagnostic panel allowing the user to see the analyzer’s internal temperatures,...
  • Page 32 (typically 12VDC <1A max). It is important to electrically isolate the solenoid valves from the analyzer’s ground to avoid electrical interference which could compromise the analyzer’s CAUTION accuracy. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 33: Status Log Messages

    Pressure Stabilizing/Locked The valve control system begins to allow flow through the analyzer and stabilizes the pressure inside the cavity. Measuring This is the normal mode of operation after startup has completed. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 34: List Of Gui Functions

    The Picarro analyzer GUI has useful features. See below for more information. Layout of the Picarro analyzer GUI, G2000 series. The heading of the window may be different depending on the type of the analyzer. 11.2 Settings, Tools and Help Menus:...
  • Page 35 Tools Menu This menu item has three entries: 1. User Calibration: Opens the user calibration window (default password is “picarro”). The password can be reset in the QuickGui.ini file in the instrument directory: “C:\Picarro\G2000\AppConfig \Config\QuickGUI\” under the section: 2. [Authorization] UserCalPassword = Picarro Show/Hide Valve 3.

  • Page 36: Digital Readouts

    Data Window view. If the ‘Show Statistics’ entry is enabled in the ‘View’ menu, the mean, standard deviation and slope of the data in the graph is dynamically calculated and indicated below the digital Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 37: Data Log Filename And Path

    These two menus enable selection of the data stream that is viewed in the data window. Data streams available on the GUI are gas concentrations, if ‘instrument Analysis’ (where instrument represents the system installed) is Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 38: Precision Pulldown Menu

    GUI. 11.12 Graph Zooming To zoom the graph, simply drag the magnifying glass over the section to be zoomed and click and hold the left mouse button. While holding down the Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 39 To autoscale the y-axis of either graph, use the autoscale buttons below the graph. To lock or unlock the time axes of each graph during zooming, select that menu item in the ‘View’ menu. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 40: File Management

    Naming Convention: See example below. ▪ CFHADS2007-20111222-000131-DataLog_User.dat ▪ CFHADS: Instrument Serial Number ▪ 20111222: Year, Month, date of when file was started. ▪ 000131: Hour, Minute, second of when file was started (Using a 24 hour clock). Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 41: Archived_Data

    This information is generally not useful to the user, but it can be useful for diagnostic purposes. For more information, please contact Picarro. o Location: C:\Picarro\G2000\Log\Archive\DataLog_Private\Year\Month\ Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 42: File Archival And Automatic Deletion Of Old Files

    C:\Picarro\ G2000\AppConfig\Config\FileEraser\FileEraser.ini. There are various settings, as described below: • runtime_interval_hrs = 0.5 Specifies how often (in hours) to run the file eraser. • path = ../../../Log/Archive/DataLog_Private Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 43: Setup Tool

    Specifies how long to keep files prior to deletion. 12.5 Setup Tool In the desktop folder called Picarro Utilities, the Setup Tool can be launched by double clicking on its icon. The tool allows the user to configure data file...
  • Page 44 Total User Log Storage Size (GB): Specifies the size of storage allowed for User Data (Recent Data). After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 45 After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. See below to learn more about Serial Communication in Picarro Analyzer, and also see “External Valve Sequencer” section of this manual to learn more about valve sequencer.
  • Page 46 To: Receiver’s email. Subject: subject line of the email. Data Directory: Location of the data you want email. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 47 “GUI Properties” tab. 3. Click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. You should now be able to access the “Show/Hide Valve Sequencer GUI” menu from the main GUI under “Tools” Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 48 Datalog_User and DataLog_User_Sync (Relevant only for Flux G2311-f analyzers). To output data, the Command Interface needs to be sent commands to. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 49 (Relevant only for Flux G2311-f analyzers) Data Streaming outputs data continuously, whereas the Command Interface needs commands to output data. After making the appropriate edits, click “Apply” to put changes into effect and then “Exit” to close the window. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 50 Customizing Analog Output Channels The Picarro analyzer may be optionally configured with an Electrical Interface Card (EIC) that provides up to 8 analog signals available to the user for monitoring various measurements results and analyzer parameters. The ELECTRICAL INTERFACE tab allows you to customize each analog output channel.

  • Page 51: Calibration

    Method 1. 13.1 Method 1: Using the GUI to Calibrate Since the Picarro Analyzer is extremely linear, it is only necessary to use three calibration standards to calibrate each gas or isotopic species (two points define the calibration line and a third intermediate point is used for verification).
  • Page 52 Calibration values are input into the software by selecting the “User Calibration” from the Tools menu and entering the slope and intercept for each species. This is a password-protected function, with the default password “picarro” and can be changed by modifying an *.ini file as previously described. User Calibration Window...

  • Page 53: Method 2: Using The "Picarro Data Recalibration Tool" To Calibrate

    To return to the factory calibration, simply set the slope to 1 and the intercept to 0 for each species. 13.2 Method 2: Using the “Picarro Data Recalibration Tool” to Calibrate This tool can be used after you have performed the calibration measurements of standards with your Picarro analyzer.
  • Page 54 After clicking on “Apply New Cal” in the previous window, the window on the left will pop up. The default user Calibration Password is “Picarro.” Click “OK” to continue. Take note that this action cannot be undone from the “Picarro Data Recalibration Window,”...

  • Page 55: Cavity Ring-Down Spectrometer Controller

    14. CAVITY RING-DOWN SPECTROMETER CONTROLLER On your desktop, there is an icon labeled “Picarro Controller.” Clicking on this icon will open up a useful diagnostics panel (see image below), allowing the user to see the analyzer’s internal temperatures, pressure, and spectroscopy in real time. This program has user-accessible functions, but cannot change anything related to analyzer functionality and is intended for diagnostics purposes only.

  • Page 56: Service And Maintenance

    There are two in-line, sub-micron particulate filters before the measurement cavity. The first is user-replaceable and replacement filters can be purchased from Picarro and installed by the user. It is important to NEVER remove the filter that is directly attached to the cavity. Only change the filter immediately following the inlet at the back of the analyzer.

  • Page 57: Removing The Old Particulate Filter

    5. Slide the foam towards left side of the analyzer (from the back of the analyzer) to remove it (Fig 2). Remove this foam. Loosen this retaining nut on the input bulkhead. Fig 2: Remove the foam. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 58 Loosen this nut Loosen this nut Fig 3: Loosen 2 nuts to remove the filter Hold the old filter steady with Loosen the an 11/16” nut with a wrench. 9/16” wrench. Fig 4: Loosen the First Nut Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 59 11/16” wrench. Fig 5: Loosen the 2 7. Slide the filter slightly towards the back of the analyzer and lift it out (Fig 6). Fig 6: Remove the old filter Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 60: Installing The New Filter

    4. With a 2 mm hex driver, reattach the analyzer’s top with 6 screws. 15.5 Cleaning Clean the outside of the analyzer with a clean dry cloth. Only certified service technicians should access or clean the inside of the analyzer. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 61: Troubleshooting

    The corresponding step-by-step procedures provide resolution in most cases. If, after attempting these procedures, the problem remains unresolved, please contact Picarro Customer Service at (408) 962-3900 or techsupport@picarro.com. 16.1 Power LED on Analyzer Does Not Illuminate Context: Turning on the analyzer by momentarily depressing its front panel power switch should apply power.

  • Page 62: Sample Pressure Can't Be Controlled To Appropriate Value For Concentration Measurements

    After a few seconds, restart the computer by momentarily depressing the power button. 2. If the computer does not respond to the mouse, hold down the power switch on the front panel for a few seconds until the computer and Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 63 After another few seconds, restart the analyzer by momentarily depressing the power button. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 64: Transportation And Storage

    WHEN SHIPPING OR RELOCATING THE ANALYZER, IT IS IMPORTANT TO PROTECT IT FROM MECHANICAL SHOCKS. FAILURE TO DO SO CAN COMPROMIZE ITS PERFORMANCE. WHEN SHIPPING THE CAUTION ANALYZER, USE ITS ORIGINAL PACKAGING ONLY. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 65: Limited Warranty

    Product specifications for twelve (12) months from shipment. This warranty is the only warranty made by Picarro with respect to its Products and no person is authorized to bind Picarro for any obligations or liabilities beyond this warranty in connection with its Products.
  • Page 66 The following warranty conditions shall apply to all Picarro, Inc. products unless amended by a written instrument signed by a duly authorized officer of Picarro: ADJUSTMENT – No electrical, mechanical or optical adjustments to the product(s) are permitted. PARTS AND LABOR - New or factory-built replacements for defective parts will be supplied for twelve (12) months from date of shipment of the product.

  • Page 67: Appendix A - Remote Data Access

    Guide (included in pdf format on the installation CD) and Appendix E of this manual. This command set may also be used across a TCP/IP interface through an Ethernet connection. Please contact Picarro for further details. Remote Data Access Using the RemoteAccess.ini file, the analyzer can be configured to automatically: 8.
  • Page 68 RFC2554. If such authentication is not needed, the key UseAuthentication is set to false. If this key is set to true, two additional keys Username and Password must also be specified for the e-mail account. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 69 Password and Number are used to make the connection. Example of “RemoteAccess.ini” File [LOGGING] Logfile=c:/temp/RemoteAccessLog [NTP] Server1=time-a.nist.gov Server2=time-b.nist.gov Server3=time-a.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server4=time-b.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server5=time-c.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov Server6=time.nist.gov Server7=time-nw.nist.gov UpdateClock=1 [DIALUP] ConnectionName=Picarro Dialup Access Username=user Password=password Number=14085551212 [EMAIL] Server=smtp.servername.org Directory=c:/picarro/mailbox From=instrument@picarro.com To1=recipient1@site1.com To2=recipient2@site2.com Subject=CRDS data from Silverstone instrument UseAuthentication=0 Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 70: Appendix B - Data File Viewer

    In the graph window, you can select any of the data columns in the file, autoscale, zoom, hide/show points, and calculate statistics of data within the graph window. If you have any questions, please contact Picarro or refer to Picarro Community for more information. http://www.picarro.com/community/...

  • Page 71: Appendix C - External Valve Sequencer

    The Picarro valve sequencer window appears as below: External Valve Sequencer GUI C.1 Introduction The Picarro analyzer can control two types of valves: 10. Solenoid valve(s): DC voltage powered valve with normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) positions. These can be either 2-way or 3- way valves.

  • Page 72: Default Configuration

    C.2 Default Configuration For all models of Picarro analyzers the rotary valve control is disabled in the factory default setting. The solenoid valve control, however, are ready to use by default for all solenoid valve connectors. C.3 Setting up Solenoid Valves Up to six solenoid valves can be controlled by the Valve Sequencer software.

  • Page 73: Valve Sequencer Software

    Each “step” sets the rotary valve to a single position and activates the indicated solenoid valve(s) for a set period of time. Multiple steps can be carried out in sequential order to switch between different gas sources, flush Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

  • Page 74: Loading And Running A Saved Sequence

    The sequence will repeat itself indefinitely until disabled or the software exited. If enabled, the sequence will continue to run after the “close sequencer window” button is pressed. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...
  • Page 75 These codes can be used as event timing flags. For example, if no solenoid valves are present, the codes will be recorded regardless of whether a valve is connected or not. Picarro G2131-i Analyzer User Manual...

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