Operating Instructions; Flow Rates; Dilute Stream; Concentrate Stream - GE E-CELL STACK MK-2 Series Owner's Manual

10. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

10.1 FLOW RATES

There are four separate flow streams on the E-Cell System™ each with a distinct range and
purpose.

10.1.1 Dilute Stream

Range
7.5-20.0 gpm / 1.70-4.54 m
2.5-6.7 gpm / 0.57-1.52 m
The Dilute stream is the process water that is purified. It is the primary source of cooling
water for the Stack. If the Stack is operated at less than minimum Product flow, localised
heating will occur inside the Stack resulting in damage and external leaks.

10.1.2 Concentrate Stream

Range
1.5-5.4 gpm / 0.34-1.23 m
0.9-2.25 gpm / 0.18-0.51 m
The Concentrate stream is the collecting point for all the ions removed from the Dilute
stream. While this stream has a flow range, the flow rate itself is never set, only monitored.
The Concentrate inlet and outlet pressures must be less than the Dilute pressures, therefore
the Concentrate inlet and outlet pressures are set in order to obtain correct pressures first
and flow rate second. The Concentrate flow rate is monitored to track the E-Cell Stack's
performance.
If the electrical resistance of the E-Cell Stack is too high, current will not flow through the
Stack. The Concentrate stream can be used to adjust the Stack's resistance in order to
increase the current flow.
During operation, ions from the Dilute stream are collected in the concentrate stream. The
Concentrate, is recycled through the E-Cell Stack™ to further increase the Concentrate
conductivity, and thereby decrease the E-Cell Stack™'s resistance.
Concentrate through the Stack also allows the system to operate with high Concentrate flow
rates. The high flows lead to high velocities through the Concentrate chambers, decreasing
the opportunity for scaling.
The minimum Concentrate flow rate is 1.5 gpm (0.34 m
2PharmHT Stacks™, and 0.9 gpm (0.18 m
Stack is operated at less than minimum concentrate flow, the stack will scale and localized
heating will occur inside the Stack resulting in damage and external leaks.
rev.1.1
/h per MK-2E, MK-2Pharm or MK-2PharmHT Stack™
3
/h per MK-2Mini or MK-2MiniHT Stack™
3
/h per MK-2E, MK-2Pharm or MK-2PharmHT Stack™
3
/h per MK-2Mini or MK-2MiniHT Stack™
3
/h) for MK-2Mini and MK-2MiniHT Stacks™. If the
3
/h) for MK-2E, MK-2Pharm and MK-
3
Page 10-17
Recycling the