baxter AK 98 Quick Reference Manual
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baxter AK 98 Quick Reference Manual

Dialysis machine
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AK 98
DIALYSIS MACHINE
QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

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Summary of Contents for baxter AK 98

  • Page 1 AK 98 DIALYSIS MACHINE QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    CONTENTS Note: The contents of this training material are based on the AK 98 Dialysis Machine Operator's Manual for software 3.xx (HC12839002). Reviewing this material does not replace the training given to you by your healthcare provider, nor does it replace your responsibility to read and understand the full text of the Operator's Manual prior to operating the machine.

  • Page 3: Ak 98 Configuration

    AK 98 CONFIGURATION - FRONT AND SIDE PANELS 1. Operator's panel 15. Blood line guides 2. Air detector 16. Level adjustment knob 3. Venous pressure transducer connector 17. BPM cuff holder 4. Arterial pressure transducer connector 18. Top tray 5. Blood pump 19.

  • Page 4: Back Panel

    AK 98 CONFIGURATION - BACK PANEL 1. Transportation handle 7. Inlet water tube 14. Mains connection 2. Air filters 8. Outlet tube (drain) 15. Fuses 3. Halt button 9. Citric acid inlet tube 16. Main switch 4. Battery charge 10. Remote panel contacts 17.

  • Page 5: Buttons On The User Control Panel

    AK 98 CONFIGURATION - BUTTONS ON THE USER CONTROL PANEL 1. On/Off button 2. Schedule indicator 3. Main switch indicator 4. Mute button 5. Blood pump up button 6. Blood pump button 7. Blood pump down button 1. On/Off button: Press to turn the machine on or off. Press and hold for 3 seconds while a disinfection program is running for the machine to automatically turn off after the disinfection program is completed.

  • Page 6: Screen Overview

    AK 98 CONFIGURATION - SCREEN OVERVIEW 1. Venous pressure control 17. Information tab 2. Arterial pressure control 18. Treatment graph tab 3. Machine state indicator 19. Information field 4. Time indicator 20. Patient page 5. Blood path 21. Functions button 6.

  • Page 7: How To Use Ak 98

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Operation Start Up Pre-treatment Check • The main power cable must be connected to the main power supply. • The main switch must be turned on. • The water supply must be connected to the inlet water and powered on.

  • Page 8: Extracorporeal Circuit Preparation And Line Connection

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Extracorporeal Circuit Preparation and Line Connection - Attaching the Arterial Blood Line 1. Open the blood pump door. Press the center of the cover and pull the tab. 2. Load the blood pump segment into the blood pump. Make sure the arterial pressure transducer points down and the heparin line is at the top.

  • Page 9: Attaching The Priming Solution

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Extracorporeal Circuit Preparation and Line Connection - Attaching the Priming Solution 1. Attach the arterial blood line to one of the blood line holders in the prime bucket. Keep the arterial clamp open. 2. Clamp the infusion line and spike the saline bag.

  • Page 10: Attaching The Venous Blood Line

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Extracorporeal Circuit Preparation and Line Connection - Attaching the Venous Blood Line 1. Attach the venous blood line to one of the blood line holders in the prime bucket. Close the clamp on the venous patient line.

  • Page 11: Attaching The Heparin Syringe

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Extracorporeal Circuit Preparation and Line Connection - Attaching the Heparin Syringe 1. Attach the prepared syringe to the heparin line. 2. Prime the heparin line with the solution up to the point where the arterial blood line starts. The luer lock must be properly attached.

  • Page 12: Priming

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Priming 1. Open the clamp of the arterial blood line. 2. Open the infusion line clamp(s). 3. Turn the dialyzer over so that the blue end is up. This helps remove the air from the dialyzer.

  • Page 13: Recirculation

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Recirculation When priming is complete, the option for Recirculation will appear. 1. Press Recirculation. 2. Connect the patient ends of the bloodlines using the recirculation connector. Ensure both patient bloodline clamps are open. 3. Check that the clamps on the infusion line are open.

  • Page 14: Blood Pressure Monitor (Bpm)

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Blood Pressure Monitor [BPM] The blood pressure cuff is connected to the side of the machine. Single Blood Pressure Measurement Press the BPM readout field. The machine will start taking the measurement. The heart icon and BPM will start flashing while measurement is taken.

  • Page 15: Manually Entering The Prescription

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Manually Entering the Prescription Set Treatment Time 1. Press the time indicator on the screen. 2. Press treatment time. 3. Set the desired treatment time and press OK. Set Ultrafiltration Goal 4. Press the time indicator on the screen.

  • Page 16: Retrieving Patient Prescription

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Retrieving Patient Prescription Note: Applies only for bidirectional connectivity. 1. Press the Patient button. 2. Press the Patient ID bar. 3. Enter your ID and press OK. 4. Carefully check the correct patient data has been retrieved, and then press Confirm to accept.

  • Page 17: Connecting The Patient

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Connecting the Patient Note: Blood pump must be stopped after recirculation for the Connect patient option to appear. Wait to stop the blood pump until the dialysate line on the operator's panel is green. 1. Check that the venous line is correctly placed in the priming detector.

  • Page 18: Connect Patient After Concentrate Standby Mode (Csbm)

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Connect Patient After Concentrate Standby Mode (CSBM) Turn the dialyzer to treatment position if not already done so.  Connect patient mode can only be entered if the correct  conductivity has been achieved (dialysate line is green).

  • Page 19: Stopping The Treatment, Rinseback, And Disconnecting The Patient

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Stopping the Treatment, Rinseback, and Disconnecting the Patient 1. When the treatment is completed and the time reaches 0:00, an attention (596 Treatment time expired) will appear. Note: To end the treatment early, press the time indicator and decrease the treatment time to 0:00.

  • Page 20: Emptying The Dialyzer And Bicart

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Emptying the Dialyzer and BiCart 1. Rotate the dialyzer so that the blue connectors are up. 2. Remove the blue (outlet) dialysate line from the dialyzer and connect to the blue dialysate port. The dialysate will drain from the dialyzer.

  • Page 21: Disinfection And Rinsing

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Disinfection and Rinsing Press the flashing Disinfection button to disinfect/rinse. Chemical substances or heat disinfection can be used to disinfect. Chemical Disinfection 1. Select the “Chemical” tab from the Disinfection/Rinse menu. 2. Select the disinfectant.

  • Page 22: Changing The Dialyzer And Blood Line During Treatment

    HOW TO USE AK 98 Changing the Dialyzer and Blood Line During Treatment If clotting occurs, you may have to change the blood line and dialyzer during treatment. If you must replace the dialyzer and blood line during treatment, all values and settings will be saved in the machine, and treatment will resume from where it left off.

  • Page 23: Ak 98 Troubleshooting

    AK 98 TROUBLESHOOTING Alarm Indication There are two alarm levels: high priority alarms and medium priority alarms. High Priority Alarm: Flashing red light and repeating 5-tone sound. The light will continue to flash and audible tone will  continue to sound until the cause of the alarm is resolved.

  • Page 24: What To Do During A Power Outage

    AK 98 TROUBLESHOOTING What to Do During a Power Outage Using the Machine During If the machine loses power, a backup battery will temporarily power the  a Power Outage blood unit. All settings and actual values will be saved.

  • Page 25: Changing A Wet Transducer

    4. Remove wet transducer protector from connector on machine and inspect for blood or priming solution strike-through. 5. Carefully inspect transducer connector on AK 98 for fluid. If signs of fluid strike-through, machine should be pulled after completion of treatment and an authorized service technician must replace the appropriate components in the machine.

  • Page 26: Screen Guidance And Resolution

    AK 98 TROUBLESHOOTING Note: The time the blood pump is stopped may contribute to additional clotting. It is important to check the bloodlines and dialyzer for clotting after the blood pump stops and therapy is restarted. Machine Screen Code Resolution...
  • Page 27 Note the error code on the Error List (most recent at the top). restarted. To continue press If the alarm recurs, contact Technical Services and provide the full error code. AK 98 is  Confirm. continuously supervising the computers used to run treatment. If the system identifies a problem, it will generate an automatic restart to restore a fully operational system.
  • Page 28 AK 98 TROUBLESHOOTING Machine Screen Code Resolution Guidance Check that the acid jug container is filled or that the wall connection is secure. Incorrect Dialysate  Composition Press the fluid key and go to the Cond tab; if the “Actual” conductivity doesn’t ...

  • Page 29: Advanced Functions Of Ak 98

    ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Profiling Profiling  You can define the treatment parameter pattern through profiling. Ultrafiltration rate (UF rate), sodium (Na concentration, and bicarbonate (HCO ) concentration profiles can be used by the machine. You must confirm the profiling parameters prior to treatment.
  • Page 30 ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Profiling UF-rate UF-rate UF-volume UF-volume Start UF-rate Step START Mean rate Stop UF-rate STOP Time Time Decreasing step mode for UF rate profiling Decreasing linear mode for UF rate profiling UF-rate Interval Start UF-rate UF-volume...
  • Page 31 ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Profiling Sodium, Bicarbonate Profiling 1. Press the Fluid button. 2. Select the UF rate tab or Cond tab. 3. Press Profiling and press Sodium (Na ) or Bicarbonate (HCO ) to set up profiling. 4. Set up the Start and Stop values.

  • Page 32: Diascan

     AK 98 can calculate the Kt/V as a single measurement or at intervals. To measure Kt/V, the urea distribution volume must be set. The distribution volume is the urea distribution volume (water in the body) in liters and is estimated for each patient based on the patient's dry weight.
  • Page 33 ADVANCED FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Diascan Results The measurement results will appear in the clearance measurement output field. 1 Time of Last Measurement 2 Current/Estimated Kt/V at end of treatment 3 Last Measured Clearance Value Check Measurement History 1. Press the Diascan button.

  • Page 34: Isolated Uf (Ultrafiltration)

    If “Value out of range. The value can’t be higher than 0.00 L” appears, first set the Total UF and then the Isolated  UF goal. Note: The dialysate flow will not stop, as AK 98 needs dialysate to measure ultrafiltration. It is not possible nor advisable to decrease dialysate flow rate or set it to zero.

  • Page 35: Other Functions Of Ak 98

    OTHER FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Concentrate Standby Mode (CSBM) AK 98 can be placed into concentrate standby mode. In concentrate standby mode, the concentrate is no longer used, and water consumption can be reduced. Concentrate standby mode can be activated when the functional check is done and the flow diagram turns green.

  • Page 36: Service Menu

    OTHER FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Service Menu You may explore and adjust some machine settings, and check the error list. 1. Press the Functions button. 2. Press Service to open the menu. There are 4 functions offered: Set time, Daylight Savings time, Screen brightness, and Volume.

  • Page 37: Automatic Restart

    The automatic restart is a recovery process of the AK 98 program that usually completes in less than 1 minute. During this process, the screen turns off for ~10 seconds, the blood pump is stopped, and the AK 98 machine is in a patient-safe state.

  • Page 38: Blood Pressure Measurement (Bpm) Alarm Limit Setting

    OTHER FUNCTIONS OF AK 98 Blood Pressure Measurement (BPM) Alarm Limit Setting You may set upper and lower limits for alarms for the pulse, systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure. An alarm will occur when the value is outside the set alarm limits.

  • Page 39: Tips For Using Ak 98

    Tips to support accurate heparin delivery: Ensure the syringe used is the same as the brand and size  programmed into the AK 98 presets, or the heparin delivery may not be accurate. Confirm that heparin line is fully primed.

  • Page 40: Saline Loss

    TIPS FOR USING AK 98 Saline Loss The arterial patient line is primed by gravity and is not counted in the preset prime volume. Example: If the priming volume is set to 300 ml, the remaining saline volume in a 1-liter saline bag after the complete prime procedure would be less than 700 ml.

  • Page 41: Hemodialysis Basics

    HEMODIALYSIS BASICS How Hemodialysis Works In hemodialysis, the cleaning of the blood takes place outside the body in an “artificial kidney”, also called a dialyzer. Blood is pumped via plastic lines to the dialyzer and back again, a process monitored and controlled by a dialysis machine.

  • Page 42: Blood Access Types

    HEMODIALYSIS BASICS Blood Access Types AV-fistula This is the most common type of access. The artery (red) has been connected to a superficial vein (blue), and after a maturation period the vein has become arterialized with thicker walls and larger diameter. Graft The connection between artery and vein is made through a tube made either of an artificial material, or from part of one of your own blood...

  • Page 43: The Blood Monitor

    HEMODIALYSIS BASICS The Blood Monitor The blood monitor controls and supervises the entire blood circuit. The purpose of the blood monitor is to pass blood from the access through the arterial blood line to the dialyzer, after which it is returned to you via the venous blood line. This is done at a continuous flow and controlled speed.

  • Page 44: The Fluid Monitor

    HEMODIALYSIS BASICS The Fluid Monitor The purpose of the fluid monitor is to prepare dialysate and continuously pass it through the dialyzer and out to drain. Water is taken into the machine and mixed with acid and bicarbonate concentrates. The fluid is monitored to ensure the concentration of salts is correct. It is then warmed to body temperature and passed via the dialysate lines to the dialyzer.

  • Page 45: The Water Supply

    HEMODIALYSIS BASICS The Water Supply The water used for dialysis must be of a high quality since the water is used to prepare dialysate. A hemodialysis patient is exposed to several hundred liters of dialysate per week, which is separated from the blood only by a thin membrane.
  • Page 46 • The V stands for the volume of the body water Note: The AK 98 dialysis machine has a feature integrated that can provide information on the efficiency of the treatment. The Diascan monitoring system can be used for theoretical clearance measurement (K) and (Kt/V).
  • Page 47 HEMODIALYSIS BASICS Efficiency of Hemodialysis The Accumulated Blood Volume (ACC QB) is: Blood flow (ml/minute) x Time (minutes) • To achieve an efficient solute removal the blood flow rate, QB, should be maintained per provider order, as dialysis access will allow.
  • Page 48 The AK 98 dialysis machine is indicated to be used on patients with a body weight of 25 kg or more. The AK 98 dialysis machine is intended to be used by trained operators when prescribed by a physician, in a chronic care dialysis or hospital care environment.

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