PASI GEA RM1 1.0 User Manual
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PASI GEA RM1 1.0 User Manual

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PASI
User Manual
GEA RM1 1.0
P.A.S.I srl – via Galliari 5/E – 10125 TORINO – Italy
Tel. +39 011 650.70.33 – Fax +39 011 658.646 - E-mail sales@pasisrl.it
www.pasisrl.it

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  • Page 1 PASI User Manual GEA RM1 1.0 P.A.S.I srl – via Galliari 5/E – 10125 TORINO – Italy Tel. +39 011 650.70.33 – Fax +39 011 658.646 - E-mail sales@pasisrl.it www.pasisrl.it...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................2 Important Notice ....................... 2 Warranty and safety instructions ................3 Introduction ....................... 4 Contents ......................... 4 How to use ......................... 5 Hardware elements ......................5 Hardware connections ....................6 To begin with ......................15 Terminology: Session, Table and File.................
  • Page 3 Table of Contents Perform the measurements of an automatic session ..........30 Last session ......................... 31 Session management ....................32 Template view ......................33 Executing a single measurement ................. 33 Complete Measure ...................... 34 Measurements configuration ..................39 System configurations and information ..............40 Switching off the system .....................
  • Page 4 TEST circuit diagram ....................67...

  • Page 6: Table Of Contents

    1. Important Notice All rights to this manual are owned solely by P.A.S.I. srl. All rights reserved. The copying of this manual (without the written permission from the owner) by printing, copying, recording or by any other means, the complete or partial translation of the manual in any other language, including all programming languages, using any electrical device, mechanical, magnetic, optical, manual or other methods is prohibited.

  • Page 7: Warranty And Safety Instructions

    Faultless and safe operation of the device can be guaranteed only if the transport, storage, handling and operation of the device is appropriate. - To avoid damage, use only original accessories or approved by PASI srl. - The box is waterproof only if closed. When a suitable location has been selected for the device, it must be ensured that no water can get into the device under any conditions.

  • Page 8: Introduction

    Gea RM1-PC program. Chapter 10, Appendix, shows the technical characteristics of the system and the definition of the GPD owner format (Geophysics Pasi Data) used for storing on a file the results of a measurement session.

  • Page 9: How To Use

    How to use 4. How to use Hardware elements Notice, the content of the package depends on what you ordered, if in doubt contact our service after sales. A standard supply could contain the following parts: 1. GEA RM1 standard version device from 1 A full scale (optional from 5 A). 2.

  • Page 10: Hardware Connections

    Hardware connections 1 - HARDWARE CONNECTIONS IGURE Figure 13 shows the connection diagram of the various hardware elements to the GEA RM1 instrument. To the left at the top of the panel are the connection connectors for the energizers (TX + and -), top right the connectors for the peaks of current input in the ground (A and B), bottom right there are the connectors for measuring the ground voltage (M and N), bottom left we find the USB connector for connection to the PC and the internal battery charge and the EXT expansion connector that allows you to connect...
  • Page 11 How to use 5. A first rewarding example In the device you will find a Schlumberger table (ExampleSCH) that we will use for this example. A few premises before starting: operations performed in sequence by the instrument: 1. transmits current between the two current electrodes (AB or C1C2) connected to the ground;...
  • Page 12 2 - CONNECT THE INSTRUMENT TO THE PC AND IGURE RUN THE SOFTWARE. CLICK ON "NEW TABLE" TO CREATE A NEW TABLE 3 - INSERT THE DESIRED PARAMETERS FOR THE IGURE CREATION OF A NEW TABLE...
  • Page 13 How to use 4 - EXAMPLE OF INTEGRAL TABLE IGURE 5 - EXAMPLE WITH SIMPLIFIED VIEW IGURE GEA RM1...
  • Page 14 6 - SAVING THE TABLE IGURE Measurements are started from low AB values (see Table ExampleSCH Figure 7 and Figure 8) and we proceed by enlarging the measure, for some AB / 2 values (when the Sigma value is too high) to avoid certain problems from lateral variations of surface resistance it is appropriate to re-execute the measurement by increasing the value of MN / 2 (re-tie, see Figure 9 and Figure 10 Figure 9), ideally the two measurements should be the same.
  • Page 15 How to use IGURE IGURE GEA RM1...
  • Page 16 9 - MEASURE WITH INCREASED MN IGURE 10 - REPEAT MEASURE IGURE...
  • Page 17 How to use 11 - EXECUTE, MODIFY, REPEAT IGURE 12 - MEASURING EXAMPLE WITH SIGMA> 5 IGURE GEA RM1...
  • Page 18 Remember, in the selection of the tables, that the depth of investigation with the Schlumberger quadriple is worth about a fifth of the distance AB. 1. insert the current electrodes (AB or C1C2) externally to the SEV spacing according to the first distance in the table (it is advisable to use the simplified view which makes more immediate the comprehension, arrangement and use of the metric wheel to measure the points driving the pegs on the ground;...

  • Page 19: To Begin With

    To begin with 6. To begin with This chapter lists the steps that must be performed on the Gea RM1 system or on the Gea RM1-PC program, in order to describe how to operate on the system and carry out some common operations.

  • Page 20: Session

    Session “Session” is when this container is stored on the Gea RM1 system, to indicate its characteristic of being able to be executed by the system during a measurement session and to be populated with the detected electrical quantities. A session can be created, performed, viewed, modified, copied and renamed, but it is not directly accessible to the operator as it is stored in the system in proprietary mode.

  • Page 21: Execution Of A Single Measurement

    To begin with The file should not be modified manually outside the Gea RM1-PC program, because any inconsistent change/modification would render unusable the table contained in the modified file. Any changes that will be necessary will therefore have to be carried out on the table through the functions of the Gea RM1-PC program and not directly on the file using a text editor.

  • Page 22: Running A Measurement Session On The System

    new session created and press Enter (see chapters 7 in Measurement sessions Entering a string). Display the individual measurements by running the "Measurements" command and moving using the "Next measurement" and "Previous measurement" keys (see chapter 7 in Display of the measurements of the session). Choose a given measurement and select a line relating to a geometric distance between electrodes to insert or modify the value (see chapter 7 in Execution, editing and repetition of a measure in session).

  • Page 23: Create A Measurement Table From A Pc And Upload To The System

    To begin with Create a measurement table from a PC and upload to the system The creation of a measurement table using the Gea RM1-PC program allows to define the geometric positions of the electrodes in a simple way and using algorithms present in literature, by choosing only the measurement method and by providing little input data to the program.

  • Page 24: Description Of The Systems Interface In Standalone Mode

    7. Description systems interface in standalone mode The Gea RM1 system can be used in standalone mode or controlled by a PC. Standalone mode: the Gea RM1 system is controlled by the operator using the buttons located on the systems control panel, the information is shown on the panel display.
  • Page 25 Description of the systems interface in standalone mode Button (Esc - Exit): moves the screen to the previous list (if available) without executing the command. By keeping the button (Esc – Exit) pressed for a few seconds it also has the function of turning on and off. 13 - FRONT PANEL OF THE GEA RM1 SYSTEM IGURE Button (Enter - Accept): carries out the command selected on the line of the...
  • Page 26 For all menu items, pressing the esc button from any item on a menu page returns to the previous menu pages (if any). This also applies to pages where a confirmation is required by the operator: in these cases, to cancel the request, there is no specific menu item, but i twill be necessary to press the Exit button.

  • Page 27: List Of Commands In The Main Menu

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode key command is not performed). You can turn off the screen if you have sufficient light or turn it on in case of poor visibility through the "Light" command on the main menu. List of commands in the Main menu The commands included in the menu of the main page allow to perform all the operations offered by the system.

  • Page 28: Measurement Sessions

    The template vice versa depletes its task by maintaining and allowing the display to visualize such information, thus beeing only a structure of definition of how a sequence of measures is to be performed. A template therefore serves as a stable model and usable repeated times to maintain a given sequence of measures.

  • Page 29: Displaying Session Information

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode 16 - SESSIONS LIST IGURE By selecting the name of a session you will go to the Display window of the session information (see section Displaying session informationDisplay of the measurements of the session).

  • Page 30: Display Of The Measurements Of The Session

    The following lines allow you to view some important information regarding the session. List of all the menu items. > See measurements: allows you to display the individual measurements of the session if this is a manual or spontaneous Potential, or> See automatic parameters: allows the display of the set parameters if the session is Automatic.
  • Page 31 Description of the systems interface in standalone mode 18 - V IGURE ISUALIZING THE MEASURE FIRST PART 19 - V IGURE ISUALIZING THE MEASURE SECOND PART 20 - V IGURE ISUALIZING THE MEASURE THIRD PART The commands at the top of the menu are associated with a single measure in the session, and are listed below.

  • Page 32: Execution, Editing And Repetition Of A Measure In Session

    -> Execute / Modify or Execute / Modify / Repeat: the command allows to enter in a further menu that will allow: the fullfillment of the measure under examination, overwriting the results already obtained if present; the change of the geometric values associated with the electrodes;...

  • Page 33: Viewing The Parameters Of An Automatic Session

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode The commands are as follows. > Execute: it allows the execution of the measure as described in paragraph 4.7, with the difference that the result of the measure, being associated with a session, can be accepted or not, and if so it will be memorized in the session.

  • Page 34: Perform The Measurements Of An Automatic Session

    executing this command, the results are displayed analogously to the Manual or spontaneous Potential type sessions, therefore refer to paragraph Display of the measurements of the session, the only difference is that the command of Execute / Modify a measurement is not active. The Run Session command allows to carry out the measures envisaged for the automatic session (see paragraph Perform the measurements of an automatic session).

  • Page 35: Last Session

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode 24 - SELECTION OF THE ORDER OF THE IGURE ELECTRODES After having confirmed or changed the arrangement of the electrodes, the operator must execute the "Continue" command and confirm that he wants to carry out the automatic measurements.

  • Page 36: Session Management

    Display window of the session information (see section Displaying session information) of the last session on which you worked. Session management Through this command you access an additional menu that allows you to choose between some commands to be applied to a session and, to choose a session from the list on the systems memory to which apply this function.

  • Page 37: Template View

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode Template view The command is similar to that of Session Manager, with the difference that it operates on templates 26 - IGURE VIEW TEMPLATE The possible commands are as follows. -> Delete template: it deletes a template from the memory of the instrument, freeing up space for the storage of further sessions and templates.

  • Page 38: Complete Measure

    A page will be displayed and will include the request to confirm the execution of the measurement. Pressing the Accept button the measurement will be performed, by pressing the Exit button the measurement will not be performed and you will return to the systems main menu.
  • Page 39 Description of the systems interface in standalone mode By carrying out the measurement, the progress dialog of the execution of the measurement cycles shown in Figure 16 will be shown. 28 - IGURE IMAGE OF A MEASURE IN PROGRESS The information on the execution screen of a single measurement is shown below. - Cycle: reports the cycle number within the measurement that is automatically performed by the system at that time, so that the required accuracy calculated as maximum Sigma is reached, or up to the maximum number of cycles set on the system.
  • Page 40 the system will show the set of measured values, as shown in Figure 17 for the complete measure. 29 - IGURE RESULTS OF A COMPLETE SINGLE MEASURE FIRST PART 30 - IGURE RESULTS OF A COMPLETE SINGLE MEASURE SECOND PART Below are the values shown following a complete measurement.
  • Page 41 Description of the systems interface in standalone mode PS: Spontaneous Potential, automatically measured by the system and used to purify the final measurement of the resistance, in Volts. IP: decay time measured in milliseconds. K: geometric constant dependent on the relative positions of the electrodes used for the measurement and used for the calculation of Rho.
  • Page 42 memorized and saved on the session, in the second case they will instead be discarded and no trace of the execution of the measurement will remain. Even after acceptance of the measurement result, the operator can subsequently decide to make another one on the same position of the session (and therefore with the same positions of the electrodes);...

  • Page 43: Measurements Configuration

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode Measurements configuration The measurement configuration menu allows you to configure the values of some parameters used by the system to make the measurements. 32 - IGURE MEASURE CONFIGURATION These parameters are shown below. ->...

  • Page 44: System Configurations And Information

    System configurations and information The system configuration menu allows you to view and configure the values of some variables used to operate the system. 33 - IGURE CONFIGURATION AND SYSTEM INFORMATION FIRST PART 34 - IGURE CONFIGURATION AND SYSTEM INFORMATION SECOND PART These variables are shown below.

  • Page 45: Switching Off The System

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode -> Display format of the geometry values for the sessions: you can pick the complete display of the geometric data of the electrodes or the simplified view when possible can be selected. See section Simplified display of geometric measurement data for further information on the subject.

  • Page 46: Insights

    Insights Entering a string The entry window of a string is presented to the operator every time an input to the system is requested, for example when the name is requested for a new session, or during the edit phase of the geometric position of an electrode. In the case of editing a numeric parameter, the screen looks like in Figure 23 35 - IGURE...

  • Page 47: Simplified Display Of Geometric Measurement Data

    Description of the systems interface in standalone mode Simplified display of geometric measurement data The geometric position data of the electrodes in the different measurements are kept inside the file in the mode called "Integral", ie with the positions of the different electrodes maintained in the most flexible and complete way possible.
  • Page 48 The maximum accepted Sigma value can be configured by the operator in the Measurement configuration section (see chapter Measurements configuration). As mentioned, the higher the value of accepted Sigma is, the more quickly the measurement is made (with fewer repetitions) and with less accuracy; the lower the value of Sigma accepted, the more slowly the measurement is made (with a greater number of repetitions) and with greater precision.

  • Page 49: Description Of The Gea Rm1-Pc Program

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program 8. Description of the Gea RM1-PC program The Gea RM1-PC program can run on Windows computers and is essential if yo want to carry out the following functions. - Gea RM1 system software updates. For this important function refer to chapter 9. - Download to PC the GPD files containing the tables and used to memorize the measurements made by the Gea RM1 system.
  • Page 50 36 - IGURE INITIAL PAGE WITH DISCONNECTED SYSTEM 37 - IGURE INITIAL PAGE WITH CONNECTED SYSTEM AND SWITCHED ON...

  • Page 51: Creating A Table

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program Creating a table The word “table” will be used to identify the contents of the files created and processed by the Gea RM1-PC program, and are called, when they are on the Gea RM1 system, sessions or templates.

  • Page 52: Creation Of A Table For Sev Manual Measurements

    Below are the fields in which the operator must indicate the features of the table. - Type of measure: the following cases can be chosen: 1. Manual: carries out the construction of a real table, with valorization of the individual positions of the electrodes, for the execution of the session manually by the operator;...
  • Page 53 Description of the Gea RM1-PC program The following data entry fields depend on the measurement method, and are displayed on the window only if they are used for the application of the table construction algorithm with respect to the chosen method. I campi successivi di immissione dei dati sono dipendenti dal metodo di misura, e vengono visualizzati sulla finestra unicamente nel caso servano per l’applicazione dell’algoritmo di costruzione della tabella rispetto al metodo scelto.
  • Page 54 The program calculates, given the two values, which is the maximum distance AB that must be reached to completely achieve the measurements of the set session and shows it on the video. The manual session with the Generic SEV measurement method only allows the number of measurements to be set.
  • Page 55 Description of the Gea RM1-PC program Figure 28 shows the data entry screenshot valid for the generic Dipole-dipole and Polo- dipolo cases. The dipole-dipole cases Wenner Beta and Dipolo-dipole Wenner Gamma do not have the input field of the initial value of "b" seen that this parameter has no use for these two cases, but the operation is similar to the one explained in this paragraph.
  • Page 56 42 - IGURE CONSTRUCTION OF A MANUAL TABLE FIRST PART 41 - IGURE CONSTRUCTION OF A MANUAL TABLE SECOND PART...
  • Page 57 Description of the Gea RM1-PC program When you press the Accept button the program will show the screen as in Figure 30 On the bottom right of the screen is shows the information on the first choice you made to define the algorithm: this is an increase in the "b" parameter, the chosen value of 1.50 m and to be carried out 12 times.
  • Page 58 The table would have configured these values for the 72 measures provided by the algorithm (this is an explanatory table, the format of the real table stored on GPD file is different). 43 - IGURE CONSTRUCTIONA OF A MANUAL TABLE THIRD PART Valore “a”...

  • Page 59: Creation Of Tables For Automatic Measurements

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program When constructing a table, and having provided two choices as inputs (Choice 1 and Choice 2), it is then set by setting the first value for choice 2 using the algorithm associated with choice 2 and then scanning all the iterations required for the Choice 1, calculating the parameters for each single measure using the algorithm associated with choice 1;...
  • Page 60 The creation of a table for automatic sessions is carried out starting from input parameters set by the chosen measurement method 44 - IGURE CREATION PAGE OF A NEW AUTOMATIC PAGE ENNER CHLUMBERGER The automatic measurements expects the entry of the following parameters. - Number of electrodes: defines the number of electrodes that will be used for the measurement, the maximum configurable value is 32.

  • Page 61: Creation Of A Table For Measures Of Spontaneous Potential

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program Unlike the case of tables with manual or spontaneous potential measurements, the table containing all the measurements and the relative geometric positions of the electrodes is not saved, as for the automatic session case the actual geometrical positions of each electrode will be calculated through an algorithm from the Gea RM1 system only at the time of automatic measurement performance.
  • Page 62 measurements. The operator can change the geometric positions of the electrodes if he thinks it’s appropriate. From this window, by pressing the Save button, you will be able to go to the save window, containing the file with the data of the new table created, displayed and possibly modified;...

  • Page 63: Control Of The Gea Rm1 System

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program In the System window the operator can decide whether to always use the full view of a table or if, when possible, to use the simplified view as the first choice. In any case, the operator can switch from the simplified view to the full view by pressing the appropriate button/key.

  • Page 64: Tables Upload

    - "Down" button of the Gea RM1 system: the command can be executed using the "Down" button of the GUI of the Gea RM1-PC program, with the "Down arrow" or "Page down" keys on the PC keyboard. - "Esc" button of the Gea RM1 system: the command can be executed using the "Esc" button of the GUI of the Gea RM1-PC program, with the "Arrow left"...

  • Page 65: Download Sessions

    Description of the Gea RM1-PC program When you enter the table Upload window, the Gea RM1 system keys are deactivated and a fixed screen showing the status of the Upload from the PC is displayed on the system. Normally leaving the Gea RM1-PC program upload window the functions of the Gea RM1 system are reactivated.

  • Page 66: System Functions

    The function opens a window that displays the sessions on the memory of the Gea RM1 system in order to allow the selection of the sessions to be downloaded. Then, for each session selected for the upload, you are asked to enter the name you want to use for the copy of the GPD file on the PC hard disk.
  • Page 67 Description of the Gea RM1-PC program Default directory for saving and retrieving GPD files of measurement sessions. The program will still allow to save or read GPD files from different directories. By pressing the "Preference" button you can reach the page for the configuration of further parameters related to the GUI of the Gea RM1-PC system, listed below.

  • Page 68: Software Update

    9. Software update Update of the Gea RM1-PC program The Gea RM1-PC program needs to be periodically updated by the operator. The Gea RM1-PC program has a mechanism that, if the PC is connected to the network, the update status of the program is verified and the operator is notified of the presence of a more recent version of the program, upgrade is requested.

  • Page 69: Appendix

    Appendix 10. Appendix Technical features A-B (C1-C2) Current Circuit SWITCHING SECTION Insulation: 2500 V galvanic insulation from M-N Unit and USB Max. Switching Voltage: 1000 V (2000 Vpp) Max. Switching Current: Autoranging 1 A (2000 mApp), optional 5 A Fully protected with Diagnostic: Input Overvoltage (Power Unit supplies more than 1000 Bad Polarity (Power Unit wrong connection) Internal Fuse blown Output Overcurrent (short on A-B electrodes or similar)

  • Page 70: System

    Dynamic Automatic set of all Parameters: Input Ranges, Current Pulse Length, Integration Intervals, Number of Stackings, Power Unit Voltage Output (only if connected to a compatible PASI device) Precision: Better than 0.5% Better than 0.1% in the range 1 – 1000 Ohm Case: Shock resistant PELI case IP 67 (270x246x123 mm - 2.9 kg)
  • Page 71 Appendix TEST circuit diagram Wiring diagram for GEORESISTIVITYMETER BOX TESTING FIGURE 49 - ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM FOR TESTING BOX Performing the measurement (after connecting A, B, M, N to the respective sockets on the Resistivity Meter and the energizer to its socket) the ratio ΔV / I must be equal to the value of R2 then 15 Ω...

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