Supplementary Material - Roland VC-2 Supplementary Manual

VC-2 MIDI Implementation

4. Supplementary Material

■Decimal and Hexadecimal Table
In MIDI documentation, data values and addresses/sizes of Exclusive messages,
etc. are expressed as hexadecimal values for each 7 bits. The following table shows
how these correspond to decimal numbers.
* An "H" is appended to the end of numbers in hexadecimal notation.
D H D
0 00H 32 20H
1 01H 33 21H
2 02H 34 22H
3 03H 35 23H
4 04H 36 24H
5 05H 37 25H
6 06H 38 26H
7 07H 39 27H
8 08H 40 28H
9 09H 41 29H
10 0AH 42 2AH
11 0BH 43 2BH
12 0CH 44 2CH
13 0DH 45 2DH
14 0EH 46 2EH
15 0FH 47 2FH
16 10H 48 30H
17 11H 49 31H
18 12H 50 32H
19 13H 51 33H
20 14H 52 34H
21 15H 53 35H
22 16H 54 36H
23 17H 55 37H
24 18H 56 38H
25 19H 57 39H
26 1AH 58 3AH
27 1BH 59 3BH
28 1CH 60 3CH
29 1DH 61 3DH
30 1EH 62 3EH
31 1FH 63 3FH
D: decimal
H: hexadecimal
* Decimal values such as MIDI channel, bank select, and program change are
listed as one greater than the values given in the above table.
* A 7-bit byte can express data in the range of 128 steps. For data where greater
precision is required, we must use two or more bytes. For example, two
hexadecimal numbers aa bbH expressing two 7-bit bytes would indicate a value
of aa x 128+bb.
* In the case of values which have a +/- sign, 00H = -64, 40H = +/-0, and 7FH =
+63, so that the decimal expression would be 64 less than the value given in the
above chart. In the case of two types, 00 00H = -8192, 40 00H = +/-0, and 7F 7FH
= +8191. For example, if aa bbH were expressed as decimal, this would be aa
bbH - 40 00H = aa x 128+bb - 64 x 128.
* Data marked "Use nibbled data" is expressed in hexadecimal in 4-bit units. A
value expressed as a 2-byte nibble 0a 0bH has the value of a x 16+b.
<Example1> What is the decimal expression of 5AH?
From the preceding table, 5AH = 90
<Example2> What is the decimal expression of the value 12 34H
given as hexadecimal for each 7 bits?
From the preceding table, since 12H = 18 and 34H = 52
14
H D H D
64 40H 96
65 41H 97
66 42H 98
67 43H 99
68 44H 100
69 45H 101
70 46H 102
71 47H 103
72 48H 104
73 49H 105
74 4AH 106
75 4BH 107
76 4CH 108
77 4DH 109
78 4EH 110
79 4FH 111
80 50H 112
81 51H 113
82 52H 114
83 53H 115
84 54H 116
85 55H 117
86 56H 118
87 57H 119
88 58H 120
89 59H 121
90 5AH 122
91 5BH 123
92 5CH 124
93 5DH 125
94 5EH 126
95 5FH 127
18 x 128+52 = 2356
■Example of an Exclusive Message and
Calculating a Checksum
Roland Exclusive messages (RQ1, DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end
(before F7) to make sure that the message was correctly received. The value of the
checksum is determined by the address and data (or size) of the transmitted
Exclusive message.
H
60H
●How to Calculate the Checksum
61H
The checksum is a value derived by adding the address, size, and checksum itself
62H
63H
and inverting the lower 7 bits.
64H
Here's an example of how the checksum is calculated. We will assume that in the
65H
Exclusive message we are transmitting, the address is aa bb cc ddH and the data or
66H
size is ee ffH.
67H
* An "H" is appended to the end of numbers in hexadecimal notation.
68H
69H
aa + bb + cc + dd + ee + ff = sum
6AH
sum / 128 = quotient ... remainder
6BH
128 - remainder = checksum
6CH
6DH
■ASCII Code Table
6EH
6FH
Patch Name and Performance Name, etc., of MIDI data are described the ASCII
70H
code in the table below.
71H
D H Char
72H
32 20H space
73H
33 21H
74H
34 22H
75H
35 23H
76H
36 24H
77H
37 25H
78H
38 26H
79H
39 27H
7AH
40 28H
7BH
41 29H
7CH
42 2AH
7DH
43 2BH
7EH
44 2CH
7FH
45 2DH
46 2EH
47 2FH
48 30H
49 31H
50 32H
51 33H
52 34H
53 35H
54 36H
55 37H
56 38H
57 39H
58 3AH
59 3BH
60 3CH
61 3DH
62 3EH
63 3FH
D: decimal
H: hexadecimal
Copyright © 2005 ROLAND CORPORATION
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form
without the written permission of ROLAND CORPORATION.
D H Char
64 40H @
! 65 41H A
" 66 42H B
# 67 43H C
$ 68 44H D
% 69 45H E
& 70 46H F
` 71 47H G
( 72 48H H
) 73 49H I
* 74 4AH J
+ 75 4BH K
, 76 4CH L
- 77 4DH M
. 78 4EH N
/ 79 4FH O
0 80 50H P
1 81 51H Q
2 82 52H R
3 83 53H S
4 84 54H T
5 85 55H U
6 86 56H V
7 87 57H W
8 88 58H X
9 89 59H Y
: 90 5AH Z
; 91 5BH [
< 92 5CH \
= 93 5DH ]
> 94 5EH ^
? 95 5FH _
D H Char
96 60H `
97 61H a
98 62H b
99 63H c
100 64H d
101 65H e
102 66H f
103 67H g
104 68H h
105 69H i
106 6AH j
107 6BH k
108 6CH l
109 6DH m
110 6EH n
111 6FH o
112 70H p
113 71H q
114 72H r
115 73H s
116 74H t
117 75H u
118 76H v
119 77H w
120 78H x
121 79H y
122 7AH z
123 7BH {
124 7CH |
125 7DH }
1PS