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Summary of Contents for MULTILANE ML4035
- Page 1 ML4035 | User Guide Installation | Connection | Calibration| Measurement User Manual Revision 2.0, November 2022 multilaneinc.com...
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Page 2: Notices
Copyright © MultiLane Inc. All rights reserved. Licensed To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury software products are owned by MultiLane Inc. or its Use Proper Power Cord. Only use the power cord specified suppliers and are protected by United States copyright for this product and certified for the country of use. -
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Revision Control ......................... 8 Product Software ........................ 9 Minimum PC Requirements ....................... 9 List of Acronyms ....................... 10 Introduction........................11 ML4035: TDR|BERT|DSO ....................12 Key Features ..........................13 Target Applications ........................13 Installation ........................15 Connecting to the Instrument ................... 16 ML4035 TDR ........................ - Page 4 Moving Average Filter ......................39 Normalizing Filter ........................40 Multiple Filters ........................41 Filter + Preserve Noise ......................42 ML4035 BERT........................44 GUI Overview .......................... 44 PLL Lock and Temperature Status Field ..................44 Reading the installed Firmware Revision .................. 45 Line Rate Configuration (Applies to all channels at once) ............
- Page 5 Log file System ......................... 58 Saving and Loading Settings ..................... 58 Appendix 1 – Adding the ML4035 to the Network ............. 59 Appendix 2 – Changing the IP Address to Suit a Corporate Network ......... 61 IP Address Changing on ML4035 ....................61...
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Page 6: Table Of Figures
Table of Figures Figure 1: Setup installation procedure ..................15 Figure 2: Connection box ......................16 Figure 3: Connection failure notification ................. 17 Figure 4 mode selection ......................18 Figure 5 Impedance profile Graph ................... 19 Figure 6 Cables matching ......................20 Figure 7 TDR measurement ..................... - Page 7 Figure 33: Multiple Filters ......................42 Figure 34: Filter + Preserve Noise .................... 43 Figure 35: ML4035 BERT GUI ....................44 Figure 36: Default Inner and Outer settings of 1000 and 2000 ..........55 Figure 37: Outer Eye is set 1600; Inner eye kept at 1000 ............55 Figure 38: BER Control panel ....................
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Page 8: Revision Control
Revision Control Revision number Description Release Date ▪ 14/7/2022 API Version v6.1.2 ▪ 5/10/2022 4.3.1 SW rev. 4.1.8.1 multilaneinc.com... -
Page 9: Product Software
For more products updates, check the following webpage: www.multilaneinc.com/products.html Minimum PC Requirements The Windows PC properties for the ML4035 software should meet the following specifications: ▪ Windows XP SP3 or greater ▪ Minimum 1 GB RAM ▪... -
Page 10: List Of Acronyms
List of Acronyms Acronym Definition Bandwidth BERT Bit Error Rate Tester Conf Configuration Device Under Test Forward Error Correction Firmware Giga Baud Gbps Gigabits per second Graphical User Interface Hardware Inter-symbol Interference JTOL Jitter Tolerance Known Good Unit Non-Return to Zero PAM4 Pulse Amplitude Modulation (4-level) Signal Integrity... -
Page 11: Introduction
Far & Near-End Crosstalk, Integrated Crosstalk Noise, COM,then generates a report with Pass/Fail criteria. In this revised version of the ML4035 – ML1105 user guide, MultiLane provides a full detailed and revised user guide to operate the ML4035 from the connection to the calibration and measurements. -
Page 12: Ml4035: Tdr|Bert|Dso
Error Detector ports. Used to measure BER. RJ-45 port for data transfer and communication with the The ML4035 is a 3-in-1 400G BERT, 35GHz electrical digital sampling oscilloscope (DSO), and Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR). On its faceplate, the user can detect three main rows of connectors (4-channel differential each). -
Page 13: Key Features
Key Features ▪ High Resolution TDR/TDT measurements ▪ Determination of the magnitude and polarity of any back reflected signal ▪ Quadruple differential 56GBd NRZ/PAM4 Pulse Pattern Generator ▪ Quadruple differential Error Detector ▪ Quadruple differential TDR & 35GHz Digital Sampling Oscilloscope ▪... - Page 14 ▪ Electro-optical Transceiver Testing ▪ Multi-port system testing or Line Cards ▪ In-Situ testing of high port count systems ▪ Telecom Equipment Test for Installation and Maintenance. multilaneinc.com...
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Page 15: Installation
Installation After downloading the ML4035 setup file, select run and follow this easy step-by-step setup installation procedure: Figure 1: Setup installation procedure ML4035 is now installed, a shortcut icon is located on the Desktop and ready to be used. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 16: Connecting To The Instrument
To connect to the instrument, follow this sequence of steps: ▪ Install the ML4035 software. ▪ Connect the power cable to the power jack of the ML4035 and plug it into an AC outlet. The power cable is already included in the package accessories. ▪ Power Up the ML4035. -
Page 17: Figure 3: Connection Failure Notification
Figure 3: Connection failure notification *To add the device to the network, consult Appendix I at the end of this manual multilaneinc.com... -
Page 18: Ml4035 Tdr
ML4035 TDR Connection & Mode Selection In order to include all the ML4035’s diverse functionalities in a single software, the GUI’s home page displays all three options at startup for the user to select. After connecting to the instrument by typing its IP in the appropriate text box, select the desired mode of operation and press “Configure”. -
Page 19: Time-Domain Reflectometry
This step is to allow the user set the starting point on the graph . ▪ Select the channel(s) on which the Alignment will be performed. ▪ Connect the ML4035’s TDR ports to components that are not to be shown on the graph. ▪ Click on “Align” followed by “Done. ▪... -
Page 20: Figure 6 Cables Matching
One of the most popular applications made possible by TDR is cable matching. To match cables using the ML4035 and its software, first start by connecting up to four cables to one of the ports of the four available differential channels and terminate the other one with 50Ω. -
Page 21: Figure 7 Tdr Measurement
Figure 7 TDR measurement Locating Faults & Discontinuities Another popular application for TDR is locating faults and discontinuities in a physical medium. As the velocity of propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum is known, additional information related to the characteristics of the physical medium such as the copper cable’s velocity of propagation (VoP) allows the speed of propagation to be estimated and the distance between two points can therefore be calculated. -
Page 22: Insertion Loss
Insertion Loss In addition to time-domain reflectometry, the ML4035 provides frequency domain S- parameter measurement capability. As opposed to a traditional frequency-domain network analyzer that would use a frequency sweep for these measurements, MultiLane’s time-... -
Page 23: Figure 9 Reference Circuit Setup
Click on “Calibration” followed by “Run” to start the calibration process. Previous calibration files can also be loaded by choosing “Load” instead of “Run”. ▪ Connect the ML4035’s selected PPG channels (labeled “TX”) to the reference circuit’s inputs and the DSO channels (labeled “CH”) to their respective outputs and press “Confirm”. -
Page 24: Figure 11: Advanced Options
Figure 11: Advanced Options Insertion Loss Measurement ▪ After completing the calibration, disconnect the reference circuit and connect the ML4035’s transmitting channel to the DUT’s input. ▪ Connect the DUT’s output to the ML4035’s receiving channel. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 25: Figure 12 S21 Measurement
▪ Measurements can either be differential or single ended. For single ended measurement, one port is used for each channel and the second is terminated with a 50Ω load. ▪ Select the channel(s) on which the insertion loss measurement will be performed. ▪... -
Page 26: Return Loss
Return Loss The ML4035’s TDR/DSO ports can also be used to measure return loss. Similarly to insertion loss, the ML4035 performs a TDR measurement in time domain and then converts it to the frequency domain, resulting in return loss measurements. -
Page 27: Figure 16 Calibration Wizard
This process is done as follows: ▪ Select the channel(s) on which the calibration will be performed. ▪ Connect the ML4035’s TDR ports to the DUT using coax cables. ▪ Click on “Calibration” followed by “Run” to start the calibration process. Figure 16 Calibration Wizard ▪... -
Page 28: Figure 18 Markers
Apply Gating for effects to be saved. ▪ Close the page to exit the calibration wizard. Near-end: On the MCB connected to the TDR/Scope ports of the ML4035 (upper row). Far-end: On the MCB connected to the PPG ports of the ML4035 (middle row). multilaneinc.com... -
Page 29: Figure 19 Return Loss Measurement
Return Loss Measurement Press to measure continuously or for a single capture. Figure 19 Return Loss Measurement Measurements and masks can be loaded in the software by pressing “Measurement” on the bottom right side of the page. The available measurements for return loss are loss at Nyquist and the return loss mask, for which the mask type is available for different standards that the user can... -
Page 30: Figure 21: Return Loss Mask
Figure 21: Return Loss Mask multilaneinc.com... -
Page 31: Ml4035 Dso
ML4035 DSO DSO Configuration Pane Figure 22: DSO configuration pane Table 1: DSO configuration window Item Description Connect button, opens the DSO config pane Instrument IP address field Click this to check the connection, and to load the latest valid settings for... -
Page 32: Gui Features & Functions
GUI Features & Functions DSO Configuration The general DSO configuration pane settings are explained in Figure 22 and Table 1. More settings are available under “Measurement Settings” as shown in Figure 23. Figure 23: Measurement Settings Pane Item Description Are relevant for transition time measurements. Typical values are NRZ thresholds 10%/90% or 20%/80% Target BER... -
Page 33: Modes Of Operation
An example is shown in Figure 28. Figure 24: Modes of Operation ▪ QAM mode: only relevant for hardware with coherent capture capability and where channels are grouped in pairs of I and Q. This mode is not available on the ML4035. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 34: Figure 25: Pattern Capture Mode
S-Parameters mode: using this mode, you can accurately measure the insertion loss S21 or Sdd21 of a channel between source and DSO Figure 25: Pattern capture mode multilaneinc.com... -
Page 35: Dsp & Filtering
DSP & Filtering The DSO Software comes loaded with useful filters that offer a variety of features from cleaning the signal, to de-embedding, or discovering the optimal taps for improving an NRZ or PAM4 signal. Filtering GUI can be used to adaptively detect the minimum number of FFE or DFE taps required for reaching a specific target Eye Height or SNR. -
Page 36: Ctle
CTLE Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “CTLE”. ▪ Set the gain. ▪ Save. Effect ▪ Boosts high frequency content. Figure 27: CTLE Filter De-Embedding Filter Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “De-Embedding”. ▪ Click on de-embed or embed. ▪... -
Page 37: Dfe Filter
Effect ▪ Removes cable losses. Figure 28: De-Embedding Filter DFE Filter ▪ Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “DFE”. ▪ Set the clock delay. ▪ Set the number of taps. ▪ Generate. ▪ Save. ▪ Effect ▪ Decision feedback equalizer for fading channel equalization. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 38: Ffe Filter
Figure 29: DFE Filter FFE Filter Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “FFE”. ▪ Set the tap delay. ▪ Set the number of taps. ▪ Generate. ▪ Normalize. ▪ Save. Effect ▪ Feedforward equalizer. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 39: Moving Average Filter
Figure 30: FFE Filter Moving Average Filter Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “Moving Average”. ▪ Set the smoothing window. ▪ Save. Effect ▪ Averaging / Smoothing. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 40: Normalizing Filter
Figure 31: Moving Average Filter Normalizing Filter Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose “Normalizing Filter”. ▪ Generate filter. ▪ Save. Effect ▪ Normalizes the channel. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 41: Multiple Filters
Figure 32: Normalizing Filter Multiple Filters Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose first filter (ex: FFE). ▪ Save. ▪ Choose second filter (ex: Bessel Thomson). ▪ Save. Effect ▪ Add the effects of multiple filters at once. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 42: Filter + Preserve Noise
Figure 33: Multiple Filters Filter + Preserve Noise Procedure ▪ Click on “Filters”. ▪ Choose a filter in which preserving noise is applicable (ex: Bessel Thomson). ▪ Check the “Preserve Noise” box. ▪ Add the preserving noise percentage. ▪ Save. Effect ▪... -
Page 43: Figure 34: Filter + Preserve Noise
Figure 34: Filter + Preserve Noise multilaneinc.com... -
Page 44: Ml4035 Bert
ML4035 BERT GUI Overview Figure 35: ML4035 BERT GUI In your instrument’s GUI, there are several control fields that are each explained below. PLL Lock and Temperature Status Field Keep an eye on the LEDs and temperature readings in this field. TX Lock means that the PLL of the PPG is locked. -
Page 45: Reading The Installed Firmware Revision
Reading the installed Firmware Revision The installed firmware version is displayed in the upper right corner of the GUI. Line Rate Configuration (Applies to all channels at once) This is where you set the bitrate for all 4 channels. You can also select the clock input. The clock is internal by default. -
Page 46: Tx Optimization
Tx Optimization It is possible to optimize the Tx signal automatically using the “optimize” button. To Automatically generate FFE taps and optimize the Tx signal, connect the DSO channels in the DSO Window then click on optimize in the BERT window. If 7 taps are enabled, the software automatically generates 7 taps FFE, else 3 taps FFE are generated. -
Page 47: Mode & Clock Out Settings (Apply To All Channels At Once)
BERT is helpful when you are trying to trigger an oscilloscope. Some oscilloscopes require a clock frequency above 2 GHz. To get this output from the ML4035, Monitor Clk should be selected from the Clock Out drop-down list. Choose the denominator so that the result is within the scope range. - Page 48 To switch between NRZ and PAM-4 coding, select it from the Mode Settings drop down list, then click Apply. The option Gray Mapping is only available in PAM4 mode. Gray Mapping enables use of PRBSxxQ defined in IEEE802.3bs. When Gray mapping is enabled, the PRBS13 and PRBS31 under the pattern select menu turn into PRBS13Q and PRBS31Q respectively.
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Page 49: Transmitter And Receiver Settings
You can adjust these settings on a per channel basis. These are: PRBS The ML4035 can output a wide range of pre-defined patterns. The user can select standard pattern, jitter test or custom pattern. Note: error detection only works on the standard PRBS patterns existing in the RX pattern drop down list. -
Page 50: User-Defined Pattern
User-defined Pattern The custom pattern is made up of 2 fields with 16 hexadecimal characters each. Both must be filled with 32 Hex characters. In PAM4 Gray-coding, there are 4 levels: 0,1,2 and 3. Each of these levels corresponds to a binary sequence respectively 00,01,11,10. -
Page 51: Amplitude Settings
Possible control values range from 500 to 1500 for the inner eye control and from 1500 to 2000 for the outer eye. Optimal values are typically in the middle of the range. Example of tweaking the Outer eye settings is shown below Amplitude Settings By default, three taps are shown and can be edited. -
Page 52: Scaling
Scaling changes the scale of the entire signal in steps of 10% while maintaining the pulse shape. Pre-cursor effect on a pulse: Post-cursor effect on a pulse: multilaneinc.com... -
Page 53: Taps Settings
7 Taps Settings The user can also edit a 7 taps coefficients instead of just 3 taps by clicking on mode settings and then checking the box of After applying the settings, a new section with 7 taps will appear. multilaneinc.com... -
Page 54: Rx Equalization
RX Equalization Note: anytime you select an equalizer, the BERT automatically goes into a soft-reset before coming up again with the new re-calculated equalizer optimal settings for the channel at hand. This process takes about 3 seconds and is very useful to force the BERT to re-evaluate its receiver equalization settings and re-adjust its gain and taps. -
Page 55: Error Insertion
Error Insertion Error insertion is carried out on a block-by-block basis. Each block is 64 bits, divided into 32 MSBs and 32 LSBs. Example Inner and Outer setting Effect Figure 36: Default Inner and Outer settings of 1000 and 2000 Figure 37: Outer Eye is set 1600;... -
Page 56: Taking Measurements
PRBS from the same physical instrument – the source can be a different instrument and the error-detector of the ML4035 can derive its own clock from the received data (no need for a separate clock link). However, if Gray coding is used in the source, one should tell the receiver to expect Gray coding as well. -
Page 57: Moving Window Ber
A BER measurement can run in continuous mode and will not stop until the user intervenes and clicks the stop button. BER can also be set to run until a target value is reached or until a certain number of bits has been transmitted (units of 10 gigabits). The Timer lets the user set a time for the BER to stop. -
Page 58: Signal To Noise Ratio Analysis
Figure 40: SNR ratio for PAM signal Log file System In the ML4035 BERT there is a log file system, where every exception handled or unhandled by the GUI will be saved. After the first run, the GUI creates a file in the main directory/exception log, and saves all the existing exceptions. -
Page 59: Appendix 1 - Adding The Ml4035 To The Network
Appendix 1 – Adding the ML4035 to the Network To create a local network connection, please follow these steps: ▪ Create a local network connection between the laptop and the ML4035 using Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4). o Open “Control Panel” and choose “Network and Internet”. - Page 60 This will be used to ping the instrument once the IP Address is changed to match that of the network. ▪ Connect the laptop directly to the ML4035 using an Ethernet cable. ▪ Copy the IP Address found on the back of the unit.
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Page 61: Appendix 2 - Changing The Ip Address To Suit A Corporate Network
Appendix 2 – Changing the IP Address to Suit a Corporate Network Multilane does not recommend changing the IP address of the instrument. However, this appendix will detail the steps for each operation. Before starting the IP address change operation, kindly contact IT department/support. User should be provided an available IP on the network. - Page 62 multilaneinc.com...
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