Page 2 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual PREFACE This manual provides the information necessary to check functionality, operate and program the R3131 Spectrum Analyzer. Be sure to read this manual carefully in order to use the spectrum analyzer safely. • Organization of this manual This manual consists of the following chapters: 1.
Page 3 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Preface • Key notations in this manual Typeface conventions used in this manual. Panel keys: In bold type Example: MKR, MEAS Soft keys: In bold and italic type Example: Normal Marker, Noise/Hz The 1/2, more and 2/2, more soft keys are designated by 1/2_more and 2/2_more in Chapter 2.
Page 4: Table Of Contents
1.3.1 Environmental Conditions ................1.3.2 Power Requirements ..................1.3.3 Power Fuse ....................1.3.4 Power Cable ....................System Checkout ....................Cleaning, Storing and Transporting the R3131 Spectrum Analyzer ....1-11 1.5.1 Cleaning ......................1-11 1.5.2 Storing ......................1-12 1.5.3 Transporting ....................
Page 5 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Table of Contents 2.3.5 Pass-Fail Judgments ..................2-74 2.3.6 Harmonic Distortion Measurements ............. 2-78 2.3.7 Measurements Using TG (Option 74) ............2-81 Other Functions ....................2-85 2.4.1 Using Floppy Disks ..................2-85 2.4.2 Saving or Recalling Data ................
Page 6 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Table of Contents 3.4.1 Set Resolution ....................3-57 3.4.2 Set Values for RBW, VBW and SWP Time ..........3-58 3.4.3 Factory Defaults .................... 3-59 3.4.4 Defaults Configuration Values ..............3-60 REMOTE PROGRAMING ................GPIB Remote Programming ................
Page 8 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Title Page Operating Environment ..................... Replacing the Power Fuse ....................Power Cable ........................Connecting the Power Supply Cable ................Screen Display after Self Tests have Completed .............. Self Test Screen ........................ Screen Shown after Executing Self Test ................
Page 9 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual List of Illustrations Title Page 2-38 Screen Display after Changing the VBW ................. 2-44 2-39 The Trace after Averaging ....................2-45 2-40 Setup for Input Saturation ....................2-46 2-41 Screen Display without Saturation ................... 2-47 2-42 Screen Display Showing Saturation .................
Page 10 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual List of Illustrations Title Page 2-86 Display after Data has been Saved to a File ..............2-90 2-87 Screen Display Showing File Protection Enabled ............2-91 2-88 Screen Display Showing the Selected File ............... 2-92 2-89 Screen Display showing Recalled Data ................
Page 12 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual LIST OF TABLES Title Page Standard Accessories List ....................Power Cable Options ......................Power Supply Specifications .................... Recommended Compatible Printers ................. 2-96 Center Frequency Set Resolution vs. Frequency Span ............. 3-57 Frequency Span Set Resolution vs. Frequency Span ............
Page 14: Introduction
How to clean, store, and transport the spectrum analyzer Product Description The R3131 is a spectrum analyzer that provides the user with highly stable spectrum analysis using the syn- thesized local method. The key features of the R3131 spectrum analyzer are listed below.
Page 15: Accessories
Accessories Table 1-1 lists the standard accessories shipped with the spectrum analyzer. If any of the accessories are dam- aged or missing or, to order additional accessories, contact the nearest ADVANTEST Field Office or repre- sentative. Table 1-1 Standard Accessories List...
Page 16: Power Cable Options
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.2 Accessories Table 1-2 Power Cable Options Plug Standards Model Number Rating, Color JIS: Japan 125V at 7A Straight: A01402 Law on Electrical Appliances Black 2m (6ft) Angled: A01412 UL: United States of America 125V at 7A...
Page 17: Operating Environment
An area allowing unobstructed air flow The R3131 has an exhaust cooling fan on the rear panel and an exhaust vent on the bottom side toward the front. Never block these areas as the resulting internal temperature rise will affect meas- urement accuracy.
Page 18: Power Requirements
1.3.3 Power Fuse CAUTION: When a fuse blows, there may be some problem with the analyzer so contact a qualified ADVANTEST service representative before replacing the fuse. The power fuse is placed in the fuse holder which is mounted on the rear panel. A spare fuse is located in the fuse holder.
Page 19: Replacing The Power Fuse
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.3 Operating Environment Pull out the fuse holder using a slotted head screwdriver. Fuse holder Check (and replace necessary) the power fuse and put it back into the fuse holder. Fuse (T5A compliant) Spare fuse attached to the fuse holder.
Page 20: Power Cable
The manufacturer ships a power cable, as ordered, with the spectrum analyzer. A list of other available power cables is shown in Table 1-2. Contact your ADVANTEST representative or the local ADVAN- TEST Field Office for information on how to order these.
Page 21: System Checkout
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.4 System Checkout System Checkout This section describes the Self Test which must be performed when operating the spectrum analyzer for the first time. Follow the procedure below: Make sure that the POWER switch on the front panel is in the OFF position.
Page 22: Screen Display After Self Tests Have Completed
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.4 System Checkout Figure 1-5 Screen Display after Self Tests have Completed Press SHIFT. The SHIFT lamp lights. Press CONFIG(PRESET). The factory defaults are reset. The startup screen is displayed as shown in Figure 1-5.
Page 23: Screen Shown After Executing Self Test
Figure 1-7 Screen Shown after Executing Self Test CAUTION: If the Self Test detects any errors, do not attempt to use the spectrum analyzer any further. Contact an ADVANTEST service representative as soon as possible. Press Exit. This exits the Self Test mode.
Page 24: Cleaning, Storing And Transporting The R3131 Spectrum Analyzer
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.5 Cleaning, Storing and Transporting the R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Cleaning, Storing and Transporting the R3131 Spectrum Analyzer 1.5.1 Cleaning Remove dust from the outside of the spectrum analyzer by wiping or brushing the surface with a soft cloth or small brush.
Page 25: Storing
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 1.5 Cleaning, Storing and Transporting the R3131 Spectrum Analyzer 1.5.2 Storing Store the spectrum analyzer in an area which has a temperature from -20°C to +60°C. If you plan to store the spectrum analyzer for a long period (more than 90 days), put the spectrum analyzer in a vapor-barrier bag with a drying agent and store the spectrum analyzer in a dust-free location out of direct sunlight.
Page 26: Operation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description OPERATION This chapter describes the following: • Front and rear panel controls and connectors • Screen annotation • Basic operation • Measurement examples • Expanded functions Panel Description 2.1.1 Front Panel This section contains detailed views of the front panel and explanations for the panel keys or connectors shown in those views Figure 2-1 shows the front panel location of the nine detail views.
Page 27 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description Display Section Control Description Liquid crystal display (LCD) Displays trace and measured data Active area Displays input data and measurement data Soft-menu display Displays the function of each soft key (up to 7 at...
Page 28 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description Power Switch/Connector Section Control Description POWER switch Turns the power on or off RF INPUT 1 connector N-type input connector 50Ω Analyzer input connector: Frequency range is 9 kHz to 3 GHz; the maximum input level is +20 dBm or ±50 VDC max...
Page 29 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description MEASUREMENT Section FREQ SPAN LEVEL START REPEAT STOP SINGLE Control Description FREQ key Used to set center frequencies SPAN key Used to set frequency spans LEVEL key Used to set the reference level...
Page 30 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description DATA Section Control Description Numeric keys There are ten number keys (0 through 9) and a deci- (additional function keys) mal point key. You can access additional functions by pressing the SHIFT key...
Page 31 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description MARKER Section PK SRCH MEAS Control Description PK SRCH key Used to search for the peak point on the trace MKR key Used to display the marker MEAS key Used to set the measurement mode MKR →...
Page 32 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description CONTROL Section TRIG PAS/FAIL SWEEP TRACE DISPLAY Control Description BW key Used to set the resolution bandwidth (RBW) and video bandwidth (VBW) TRIG key Used to set the trigger conditions PAS/FAIL key...
Page 33 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description SYSTEM Section REMOTE LOCAL PRESET CONFIG SHIFT SAVE RECALL COPY Control Description LOCAL key Used to disengage GPIB remote control REMOTE lamp Indicates the spectrum analyzer is in Remote mode when lit...
Page 34 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description Miscellaneous Section AUTO POWER TUNE COUNTER MEASURE Control Description AUTO TUNE key Used to automatically display the maximum peak COUNTER key Used to measure frequency as a counter POWER MEASURE key Used to make power measurements...
Page 35: Screen Annotation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description 2.1.2 Screen Annotation ATTENTION 001 Span is set 0Hz. Pls change span. Figure 2-2 Screen Annotation 2-10 Jul 10/98...
Page 36 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description Annotation Description Title Displays the title you have entered to distinguish the current data from other data Reference level Current reference level Amplitude scale Current amplitude scale graduation 75Ω mode indicator Indicates that the input impedance is 75Ω (nothing is displayed if the input impedance is 50Ω).
Page 37: Rear Panel
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description 2.1.3 Rear Panel This subsection shows the rear panel and describes its terminals and connectors. Figure 2-3 Rear Panel Control Description RS-232 connector Connector for an external unit used to control the spectrum...
Page 38 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.1 Panel Description Control Description AC power connector 3-pin type Fuse holder Holds the line fuse and one spare fuse which is supplied with the spectrum analyzer Fuse information Lists the line voltages and fuse requirements PROBE POWER terminal An accessory power supply for the probe, etc.
Page 39: Basic Operation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Basic Operation 2.2.1 Operating Menus and Entering Data You use panel keys and soft keys to operate the spectrum analyzer. When you press a panel key, a menu is usually displayed on the right side of the screen. However, there are some keys, such as AUTO TUNE and COPY, which do not have an associated soft menu.
Page 40 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation • Entering Data Using the Data Knob The data knob is used to enter data in units of predefined display resolution. This is convenient when making fine adjustments to data which has already been entered.
Page 41 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation • 1/2_more and 2/2_more Pressing 1/2_more shows the rest of the soft key menu (those items not currently visible). Likewise, pressing 2/2_ more at the bottom of this display returns to the top of the soft key display (the previous set of items).
Page 42: Displaying Spectrums And Operating The Markers
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.2 Displaying Spectrums and Operating the Markers The following example measures the frequency difference between the peak point and a point 3 dB levels lower, and another frequency difference between the peak point and a point 60 dB levels lower.
Page 43: Factory Defaults Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-4 Factory Defaults Screen Calibration signal output This activates the calibration signal used for the measurement. Press SHIFT and 7 (CAL). The Cal menu used with calibrations is displayed. Press Cal Sig Level ON/OFF.
Page 44: Active Area Display
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ. The current center frequency is displayed in the active area, and the Freq menu used to select the frequency type appears on the right.
Page 45: Measuring Settings Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 11. Press SPAN. The current frequency span is displayed in the active area, and the Span menu used for setting the frequency span appears on the right. 12. Press 2, 0 and MHz.
Page 46: Peak Search Display Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-9 Peak Search Display Screen Using the delta marker This measures the frequency difference between a point 3 dB levels down and a point 60 dB levels down from the peak.
Page 47: Frequency Difference Between The Peak Point And A Point 3 Db Levels Down
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-10 Frequency Difference Between the Peak Point and a Point 3 dB Levels Down 19. Next, move the marker to a point 60 dB levels down from the peak using the data knob.
Page 48: Measuring Window And The Display Line
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.3 Measuring Window and the Display Line This section describes the measuring window which is used to display measurements within a limited area, and the display and reference lines which are used to compare traces.
Page 49: Calibration Signal Output
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-13 Calibration Signal Output Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 5, 0 and MHz. A center frequency of 50 MHz is set.
Page 50: Activating The Display Line
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Activating the display line The display line is convenient for comparing one trace level to another. Press DISPLAY and Display Line ON/OFF. The display line is activated. Move the display line vertically so that it aligns with the peak on the right side by turning the data knob.
Page 51: Making A Comparison Between Peaks Using Reference Lines
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-16 Making a Comparison Between Peaks Using Reference Lines Removing the lines This removes the display and reference lines. 11. Press Display Line ON/OFF two times. OFF is selected and the display line is removed.
Page 52: Screen Display Showing The Measuring Window
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-17 Screen Display Showing the Measuring Window 15. Press Zoom In. This displays a magnified view and the range specified by the measuring window now fills the screen. Figure 2-18 Screen Display after Zoom In 16.
Page 53: Measuring Frequency Using Counter
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.4 Measuring Frequency Using Counter The counter function measures the signal frequency at the marker with high accuracy. You do not have to precisely position the marker on the peak you wish to measure however you should note that the displayed amplitude value corresponds to the marker position.
Page 54: Calibration Signal Output Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Cal Sig Level ON/OFF is turned on, and the calibration signal is output. Figure 2-20 Calibration Signal Output Screen Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly.
Page 55: Frequency Counter Measurement (Resolution: 1 Khz)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Measuring frequency by counter This measures the frequency using the counter function. Press COUNTER. The Counter menu (used for setting the frequency counter resolution) and the Frequency Counter window are displayed. The default resolution is 1 kHz.
Page 56: Auto Tuning
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.5 Auto Tuning You can display a signal with an unknown frequency using the auto tuning function. Power on Turn the spectrum analyzer power on. Initialization This resets the current settings to the factory defaults.
Page 57: Screen Display After Auto Tuning
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Auto tuning Press AUTO TUNE. Normally, peak searches cover the entire band, and the span gradually returns to the original setting by keeping track of that peak signal. With this function, the maximum peak is automatically displayed. The reference level is set to the tuned peak level under these conditions.
Page 58: Tracking Operations
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.6 Tracking Operations Tracking operations consist of signal tracking (which is useful for measuring a signal whose frequency is variable) and continuous peak search functions. Power on Turn the spectrum analyzer power on.
Page 59: Signal Tracking Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Signal tracking This function performs a peak search using a signal with the marker in each sweep, and the detected frequency is set to the center frequency. The detected peak frequency is always set as the center frequency.
Page 60: Continuous Peak Search Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Continuous peak search This function detects a peak for each sweep, and always moves the marker to that peak. The marker is always displayed on the peak. Press Peak Menu and Cont Peak ON/OFF.
Page 61: Uncal Messages
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.7 UNCAL Messages Accurate measurements cannot be made if there is an inappropriate combination of parameters when measuring the resolution bandwidth (RBW), the video bandwidth (VBW), the frequency span, the sweep time and so on (the parameters for these measurements affect each other). UNCAL is displayed in the center of the screen when a measurement cannot be made correctly.
Page 62: Measuring Settings Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-28 Measuring Settings Screen Manually changing the measurement conditions Press SWEEP and SWP Time AUTO/MNL. Sweep time is set to 50 ms. Press BW, RBW AUTO/MNL, 3, 0 and kHz. The RBW is set to 30 kHz.
Page 63: Normal Measurement Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Press VBW AUTO/MNL, 1, 0, 0 and kHz. An accurate measurement can be made now that the video bandwidth has been set to 100 kHz. Note that there is no longer an UNCAL message on the screen.
Page 64: Separating Two Signals
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.8 Separating Two Signals This section describes how RBW should be set to properly observe adjacent signals using the spectrum analyzer. Setup Connect the signal generators as shown in Figure 2-31. R3131 Spectrum analyzer...
Page 65: Two Superimposed Peaks
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 2, 0, 0 and MHz. A center frequency of 200 MHz is set. Press SPAN, 1, 0 and MHz.
Page 66: Two Discernible Peaks
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 10. Press BW, RBW AUTO/MNL, 3, 0 and kHz. The RBW is set to 30 kHz. Two peaks are now discernible but they are still not clearly separated. Figure 2-33 Two Discernible Peaks 11.
Page 67: Dynamic Range
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.9 Dynamic Range The dynamic range can be increased by reducing the noise level, which is accomplished by narrowing the resolution bandwidth. The noise level can be further reduced by setting the video bandwidth (VBW) to approximately 1/10 of the resolution bandwidth (RBW).
Page 68: Screen Display Prior To Changing The Rbw
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 2, 0, 0 and MHz. A center frequency of 200 MHz is set.
Page 69: Screen Display After Changing The Rbw
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-37 Screen Display after Changing the RBW Changing VBW The noise width can be further reduced by setting the VBW to 1/10 of the RBW. Press VBW AUTO/MNL, 1, 0 and kHz.
Page 70: The Trace After Averaging
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Performing the averaging function This function can improve the S/N ratio faster than the VBW method shown above. This function makes it possible to quantify random components and measure signals buried in the noise.
Page 71: 2.2.10 Input Saturation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.10 Input Saturation After a signal being sent to the input mixer reaches a certain level, the displayed value is not proportional to the signal input because of saturation. An input level producing a 1 db error due to saturation is defined as the gain compression.
Page 72: Screen Display Without Saturation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Initialization This resets the current settings to the factory defaults. Press SHIFT and CONFIG (PRESET). The default settings have now been reset. Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly.
Page 73: Screen Display Showing Saturation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Changing the input signal level Saturation can be observed as the left side signal level is increased. Set SG1 level to +10 dBm. Under these conditions, the input level for the mixer is +4 dBm, and the right hand signal level is reduced due to saturation caused by gain compression.
Page 74: 2.2.11 Harmonic Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.11 Harmonic Distortion Harmonic distortion is produced by non-linearity from the input mixer if the input exceeds a certain limit. As a result, spurious signals which do not come from the input signal may be observed.
Page 75: Screen Display Showing Harmonic Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 3, 0, 0 and MHz. A center frequency of 300 MHz is set.
Page 76: Screen Display Showing Reduced Harmonic Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Press LEVEL, ATT AUTO/MNL, 3, 0 and GHz (dB). The attenuator level is set to 30 dB. Figure 2-45 Screen Display Showing Reduced Harmonic Distortion Under these conditions, the input level for the mixer is -30 dBm, and the true spectrum can be observed.
Page 77: 2.2.12 Intermodulation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.12 Intermodulation This section describes how to set up the attenuator (ATT) when using a spectrum analyzer which is receiving more than one input signal. When signals with an excess amplitude are input, spurious signals produced by intermodulation are displayed.
Page 78: Screen Display Showing Intermodulation Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Press SHIFT and CONFIG (PRESET). The default settings have now been reset. Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 2, 0, 0 and MHz.
Page 79: Screen Display Without Intermodulation Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-48 Screen Display without Intermodulation Distortion The current spectrum has no intermodulation distortion. It is important that the ATT be adjusted in order to moderate the mixer input when using more than one input.
Page 80: 2.2.13 Calibration
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.13 Calibration Wait at least 30 minutes after turning on the spectrum analyzer before attempting to perform any measurements, or the measurements may not be accurate. Note: Do not use any input signals when performing a calibration.
Page 81: 2.2.14 Entering User-Definable Antenna Correction Data
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 2.2.14 Entering User-definable Antenna Correction Data You can define your own antenna correction data in addition to the four regular types of antenna correction data. This section describes how to do this.
Page 82: Editing The Correction Data Table
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation Figure 2-50 Editing the Correction Data Table 10. Save the data to the floppy disk in text data format. Importing the correction data table This reads the edited correction data table into the spectrum analyzer.
Page 83: Screen Display Showing The User-Definable Correction Data Table
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.2 Basic Operation 16. Press User Ant Corr. The edited data in the correction data table is displayed. Figure 2-51 Screen Display Showing the User-Definable Correction Data Table 2-58 Dec 1/97...
Page 84: Measurement Examples
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Measurement Examples 2.3.1 Measuring the Channel Power The spectrum analyzer has a power measurement function which can be used to conviently measure vari- ous types of power. This section describes how to measure the power of a specified channel bandwidth using the example below.
Page 85: Setting The Offset Level
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 1, 9, 1, 7, ., 9, 5, 0 and MHz. A center frequency of 1917.950 MHz is set.
Page 86: Setting The Measuring Window
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 12. Press 1, 9, 1, 7, ., 9, 5, 0 and MHz. The channel is set to 1917.950 MHz. 13. Press CH BW POS/WD, 3, 0, 0 and kHz. The channel width is set to 300 kHz.
Page 87: Measuring The Occupied Bandwidth (Obw)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.2 Measuring the Occupied Bandwidth (OBW) The occupied bandwidth can be calculated from the measured screen data using the OBW function. In this operation, the ratio of the OBW to the total power ranges from 10.0 to 99.8%. The initial setting is 99%.
Page 88: Setting The Detector Mode
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 1, 8, 9, 5, ., 1, 5 and MHz. A center frequency of 1895.15 MHz is set.
Page 89: Obw Measurement Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-58 OBW Measurement Screen When the measurement has been completed, a window showing the width and center of the occupied bandwidth is displayed(center refers to center frequency not carrier frequency), and two markers are placed at either end of the occupied bandwidth.
Page 90: Measuring Adjacent Channel Leakage Power (Acp)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.3 Measuring Adjacent Channel Leakage Power (ACP) The adjacent channel leakage power (ACP) function calculates the ratio of the power in the specified bandwidth obtained by integration to the total power (obtained from the data on the screen).
Page 91 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Initialization This resets the current settings to the factory defaults. Press SHIFT and CONFIG (PRESET). The default settings have now been reset. Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly.
Page 92: Setting The Specified Bandwidth
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-61 Setting the Specified Bandwidth Performing ACP This measures the adjacent channel leakage power. 13. Press ACP ON/OFF. ± Two markers are placed on the frequencies (Channel frequency Channel spacing) displayed on the screen, and the ratio between the upper adjacent channel and the lower adjacent channel is displayed on the ACP window.
Page 93: 2.3.3.2 Measurements Using The Acp Graph Method
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples CAUTION: Only ACP (adjacent) can be measured when Channel Spacing 2 ON/OFF is turned off. The frequency span is automatically changed to an appropriate value if its value is less than the required one (this incorrect frequency span may have been caused by either the channel spacing or the specified bandwidth).
Page 94 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 1, 8, 9, 5, ., 1, 5 and MHz. A center frequency of 1895.15 MHz is set.
Page 95: Displaying A Graph As A Result Of Operation
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-64 Displaying a Graph as a Result of Operation Moving the marker This moves the marker to another position along the channel spacing. 13. Press ∆MKR. The delta marker is displayed.
Page 96: Measuring The Va Ratio
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.4 Measuring the VA Ratio The VA ratio is the ratio between the video signal and the audio signal used in television carriers. When the audio signal level is too low in relation to the video signal level, bass sound is produced. In the opposite situation, the video signal has interference caused by cross modulation from the audio signal.
Page 97: Performing Max Hold
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 9, 1, ., 2, 5 and MHz. A center frequency of 91.25 MHz is set. Press SPAN, 2, 0 and MHz.
Page 98: Measuring The Video Carrier Level
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-68 Measuring the Video Carrier Level Measuring the audio carrier level 11. Press MKR, 9, 5, ., 7, 5 and MHz. The marker is displayed at 95.75 MHz on the trace.
Page 99: Pass-Fail Judgments
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.5 Pass-Fail Judgments When a marker appears within the level window, the PASS/FAIL judgment result is pass (shown as PASS). The measuring window can be used to make a high speed measurement within a confined area when convenient.
Page 100: Pass-Fail Measurement Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 3, 0 and MHz. The center frequency is set to 30 MHz.
Page 101: Level Window Setting Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-72 Level Window Setting Screen Setting the measuring window 10. Press Freq Window ON/OFF. The measuring window is displayed, and the measuring window position can now be set. 11. Press 2, 7 and MHz.
Page 102 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Performing the window sweep 13. Press Window Sweep ON/OFF. A window sweep is performed. The sweep is completed more quickly because only the area within the measuring window is swept. Apr 10/98...
Page 103: Harmonic Distortion Measurements
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.6 Harmonic Distortion Measurements This section describes a method for quickly measuring harmonic distortion using the step keys. Measurement conditions: This example shows how to measure harmonic distortion for a unit outputting a frequency of 800 MHz, a level of -30 dBm and a non-modulated signal.
Page 104: Measuring The Fundamental Wave
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Setting the measurement conditions This changes the analyzer settings so that the input signal is displayed more clearly. Press FREQ, 8, 0, 0 and MHz. The center frequency is set to 800 MHz.
Page 105: Measuring The Harmonic Distortion
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 12. Change the reference level so that you can easily observe the trace by pressing Ref Level as needed. 13. Press PK SRCH. The marker is displayed on the peak of the higher harmonic wave. The level dis- played in the marker area is recorded as the higher harmonic wave level.
Page 106: Measurements Using Tg (Option 74)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples 2.3.7 Measurements Using TG (Option 74) Band-pass filter characteristics with a passband of approximately 270 MHz, are measured (both the inser- tion loss and bandwidth are measured). CAUTION: UNCAL messages, displayed when measuring frequency characteristics using this function, do not affect measurement results.
Page 107: Measurement Screen After A Normalization Calibration
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Press LEVEL, 0 and GHz (+dBm). The reference level is set to 0 dBm. Press LEVEL, dB/div and 2dB/div. The amplitude scale (vertical axis) graduation is set to 2dB/div. Press TG, TG Level, 0 and GHz(+dBm).
Page 108: Connecting The Unit Under Test
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Connecting the unit under test 10. Connect the unit under test between TG OUTPUT and RF INPUT1 as shown in Figure 2-79. R3131 Spectrum analyzer Unit under test Figure 2-79 Connecting the Unit under Test Setting the sweep time Set a sweep time long enough to not affect the trace.
Page 109: Insertion Loss Measurement Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.3 Measurement Examples Figure 2-80 Insertion Loss Measurement Screen Measuring a Bandwidth of 3 dB This measurement is taken under the same conditions as the insertion loss.. 13. Press MEAS, XdB Down, 3, GHz(+dBm) and XdB Down.
Page 110: Other Functions
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Other Functions 2.4.1 Using Floppy Disks The spectrum analyzer is equipped with a 3.5-inch floppy disk drive. You can save text data (settings, trace data and correction data) and BMP data (trace displays) to floppy disks using this drive. The data on floppy disks can be accessed from personal computers.
Page 111 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Inserting Floppy Disks Insert a floppy disk into the floppy disk drive with the label surface up. Removing Floppy Disks Verify that the lamp on the drive is not lit and then remove the disk.
Page 112: Screen For The F.disk Menu
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Figure 2-83 Screen for the F.Disk Menu Press Format F.Disk. The floppy disk is formatted with the MS-DOS 1.44MB format. While the floppy disk is being formatted, the access lamp turns on. This proce- dure takes approximately one minute.
Page 113: Saving Or Recalling Data
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions 2.4.2 Saving or Recalling Data Saving Data Data which can be saved to internal memory or to a floppy disk include the following: • measurement conditions • 501-point trace A (or B), or trace data for both A and B NOTE: Trace data can be saved in Write or View mode only.
Page 114: Display For Selecting The Data To Be Saved
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Selecting the data to be saved Press Save Item. The Save Item menu is displayed. Select the data you want to save from the Save Item menu. Setup ON/OFF : current settings...
Page 115: Display After Data Has Been Saved To A File
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Saving data Press Save. The data has now been saved. Figure 2-86 Display after Data has been Saved to a File Protecting Data To prevent someone from accidentally initializing or overwriting data, you can use the file protec- tion feature.
Page 116: Screen Display Showing File Protection Enabled
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Protecting the file Press Protect. The selected file changes from RW (read or write) to RO (read only), indicating that data protection has been enabled. Pressing Protect again disables protection, and the setting changes back to RW.
Page 117: Screen Display Showing The Selected File
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Figure 2-88 Screen Display Showing the Selected File Recalling the data Press Recall. The data from the selected file is loaded into the spectrum analyzer. Figure 2-89 Screen Display showing Recalled Data...
Page 118: Screen As Shown When Deleting A File
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Deleting the Data Data which has been saved to internal memory or to a floppy disk can be deleted. To delete data files, use the following procedure. Selecting the file source Press SHIFT and RECALL(SAVE).
Page 119: Screen As Shown After Deleting File Data
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Deleting the data Press Delete. The data in the selected file is deleted. Figure 2-91 Screen as Shown after Deleting File Data 2-94 Aug 28/98...
Page 120: Outputting Screen Data
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions 2.4.3 Outputting Screen Data You can save screen data to a floppy disk, or print it out when needed. When outputting screen data, you can use any key except the COPY key. You can resume using this key after the data has been output.
Page 121: Recommended Compatible Printers
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions CAUTION: Do not remove the floppy disk while the access lamp is lit, since the floppy disk is being accessed. If you remove the disk while the disk is being accessed, you may damage the data on the disk.
Page 122: Printer Specification Screen Display
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Output destination setup Press CONFIG and Copy Dev. The Copy Dev menu used for selecting the screen data destination is displayed. Press Printer. The attached printer is selected as the destination for the screen data.
Page 123: Printer Setup Screen
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Figure 2-94 Printer Setup Screen Press Print CMD PCL/ESCP/ESCP-R. This toggles the printer control code between PCL, ESCP and ESCP-R. The spectrum analyzer can use either ESCP (Epson Standard Cord for Printer), ESCP-R (Epson Standard Cord for Printer Raster mode) or HP PCL (Hewlett Packard Printer Command Language).
Page 124: Setting Date And Time
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions 2.4.4 Setting Date and Time This section explains how to set the date and time for the spectrum analyzer. In the following example, a time and date of 1:35 pm Dec 10 1997 is set.
Page 125: Screen Showing The Date Being Set
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Figure 2-96 Screen Showing the Date being Set Setting the time Press Hour, 1, 3 and Hz(ENTER) The time is set to 1pm. Press Min, 3, 5 and Hz(ENTER). The time is set to 1:35pm.
Page 126 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 2.4 Other Functions Setting the date display format Press Date Mode MDH/DMY. Toggles between MDH and DMY format each time you press the key. MDH: Displays Month/Day/Hour. For example: Dec 10 13:35:00 DMY: Displays Day of the week, Date/Month/Year.
Page 128: Menu Index
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index REFERENCE Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description % AM Meas ON/OFF ............3-11 ........3-34 ( ) ‘ , ; : ................3-9 ........3-24 + - < > = ................3-9 ........3-24 / ? \ [ ] ~................
Page 129 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description Channel Power ..............3-13 ........3-42 Channel Spacing 1 ............. 3-13 ........3-43 Channel Spacing 2 ON/OFF ..........3-13........3-43 Clear ................... 3-9 ........3-24 Clear Table ................. 3-10 ........3-27 CONFIG ................
Page 130 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description F. Disk Config ..............3-8 ........3-19 Field ................... 3-10 ........3-26 Fixed MKR ON/OFF ............3-11 ........3-37 Format F. Disk ..............3-8 ........3-19 Free Run ................
Page 131 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description MKR Step AUTO/MNL ............ 3-11 ........3-37 MKR Trace ................ 3-12 ........3-38, 3-39 Month ................. 3-8 ........3-20 Nega ................... 3-15 ........3-54 Next Page ................3-10 ........3-26 Next Peak ................
Page 132 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description Ref Line ON/OFF .............. 3-9 ........3-23 Ref Line Position ..............3-15 ........3-52 Ref Offset ON/OFF ............3-10 ........3-31 REPEAT ................3-13 ........3-46 Res 1Hz ................
Page 133 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.1 Menu Index Operation Key Menu Map Functional Description Total Gain ................3-7 ........3-18 Total Power ................ 3-13 ........3-42 TR1722 ................3-10 ........3-26 TRACE ................3-15 ........3-54 Trace ON/OFF ..............3-14 ........3-47 Trc Lvl ON/OFF ..............
Page 134: Menu Map
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map Menu Map SHIFT Abort COPY Abort AUTO TUNE RBW AUTO/MNL VBW AUTO/MNL Auto All SHIFT Cal All Total Gain Each Item IF Step Amp Freq Corr ON/OFF RBW Switch Cal Corr ON/OFF...
Page 135 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map CONFIG CONFIG COPY Copy Dev Printer Printer Config F. Disk F. Disk Config Reset File No. GPIB Set Up RS232 Print CMD PCL/ESCP/ESCP-R Time/Date Copy Mode GRAY/ B/W 1/2, more Copy Size HALF/FULL Format F.
Page 136 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map COUNTER Res 1kHz Res 100Hz Res 10Hz Res 1Hz Counter Off DISPLAY Display Line ON/OFF Window POS/WD Ref Line ON/OFF Window SRT/STP Meas Window Zoom In Change Title Zoom Out Time/Date ON/OFF...
Page 137 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map SHIFT Detector Mode RBW Auto Field RBW 9kHz Peak Sound RBW 120kHz Normal TR1722 UHALP9107 BBA9106 EMCO3142 User Ant Corr Next Page Corr Off Prev Page Corr Mode ANT/LVL Clear Table Sound AM/FM...
Page 138 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map LOCAL MEAS Noise/Hz dBm/Hz XdB Down dBµV/ 3rd Order Meas dBc/Hz % AM Meas ON/OFF Noise/Hz Off XdB Down XdB Left XdB Right MKR Read DLT/LFT/RHT Cont Down ON/OFF Next Peak Normal Marker...
Page 139 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map MKR → (when using the normal marker) MKR Æ (•Œ°º•_•Î°¶•_°º•´ª»Õ— ª•) MKR → CF MKR Æ (•«•Î•ø°¶•_°º•´ª»Õ—ª•) MKR → Ref PASS/FAIL Peak → CF PK SRCH Peak → Ref MKR Trace 1/2, more MKR →...
Page 140 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map POWER POWER MEASURE MEASURE PRESET (SHIFT, CONFIG) RECALL REPEAT CH Power ON/OFF Channel Power CH BW POS/WD Total Power CH BW SRT/STP Average Power Carrier Power Pwr Meas Off OBW ON/OFF OBW %...
Page 141 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map SAVE SAVE SHIFT RECALL Save Setup ON/OFF Save Item Trace ON/OFF Protect Ant Corr ON/OFF Delete Norm Corr ON/OFF Device RAM/FD Trc Lvl ON/OFF SELF TEST SHIFT Execute Self Test Exit SINGLE...
Page 142 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.2 Menu Map SWEEP SWP Time AUTO/MNL Auto All Gate Sig External ON/OFF (Option 74) TG Level Execute Normalize Norm Corr ON/OFF Ref Line Position Freq Adj Auto Freq Adj Manual TG Off TRACE Write A (B)
Page 143: Menu Function Descriptions
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Menu Function Descriptions This section describes all panel keys and any associated menus displayed when they are pressed. 3.3.1 AUTO TUNE Key (Auto Tuning) Used to display the maximum peak using the current conditions as a target span. When started, this function gradually narrows the frequency span from the full span to the target span.
Page 144: Bw Key (Bandwidth)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.2 BW Key (Bandwidth) This section describes the menu displayed when the BW key is pressed. From this menu, you can change the parameters for the resolution bandwidth (RBW) and the video bandwidth (VBW) as required.
Page 145: Cal Key (Calibration)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.3 CAL Key (Calibration) This section describes the menu displayed when the SHIFT key and the 7 (CAL) key are pressed. Cal All Executes all calibration routines. Total Gain Measures the absolute error using a resolution bandwidth of 300 kHz, and the calibration signal output of both -15dBm and 1dB/ DIV.
Page 146: Config Key (Configuration)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.4 CONFIG Key (Configuration) This section describes the menu displayed when the CONFIG key is pressed. Copy Dev Displays the Copy Dev menu which is used to select the device for outputting the screen data.
Page 147 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions When GPIB control is operating with the display set to OFF, the internal processing rate increases. Set Up RS232 Displays the RS-232 menu used to set the conditions used with the RS-232 interface.
Page 148: Copy Key (Hard Copy)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.5 COPY Key (Hard Copy) Sends the screen data to the destination selected by the Copy Dev item in the Config (1) menu. (Note there is no menu associated with this panel key.) *To abort printing: Pressing SHIFT, COPY and Abort aborts the printing currently taking place.
Page 149: Counter Key (Frequency Counter)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.6 COUNTER Key (Frequency Counter) Activates the Frequency counter mode and displays the associated menu. The current measurement fre- quency is also displayed. Res 1kHz Sets the frequency counter resolution to 1kHz.
Page 150: Display Key (Line And Window)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.7 DISPLAY Key (Line and Window) This section describes the menu displayed when the DISPLAY key is pressed. Display Line ON/OFF Toggles the display line indication on or off. The display line is used as a base line when comparing trace levels.
Page 151 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions OFF: Turns the marker couple function off. The search range covers the entire screen. Window Off Closes the measuring window. Change Title Displays the Title (1) menu. From this mode, you can set the title used on the spectrum analyzer.
Page 152 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Time/Date ON/OFF Turns the Time and Date display on or off. Time/Date is displayed. OFF: Time/Date is not displayed. Tone GRAY/B/W Toggles the screen display mode between GRAY and B/W modes.
Page 153: Emc Key (Emc Measurement)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.8 EMC Key (EMC Measurement) This section describes the menu displayed when the SHIFT key and the 1(EMC) key are pressed. Detector Mode Displays the Detector menu. Displays the QP BW menu and detects the quasi peak value.
Page 154 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions data) and the level correction data settings. ANT: Sets the antenna factor, and automatically sets the unit used for the vertical axis to dBµV/m. LVL: Sets the level correction data, and sets the unit for the vertical axis to the level you have previously chosen.
Page 155: Freq Key (Frequency)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.9 FREQ Key (Frequency) This key displays the FREQ menu and allows you to set a center frequency. In addition, it displays the current center frequency and frequency span in the area below the bottom scale line.
Page 156: 3.3.10 Hold Mode
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.10 Hold Mode Pressing the SHIFT key for several seconds until the word “HOLD” appears on the screen activates the Hold mode. This mode disables all panel and soft key input, except for the PRESET key (SHIFT, CON- FIG).
Page 157: Level Key (Frequency Level)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.11 LEVEL Key (Frequency Level) This section describes the menu displayed when the LEVEL key is pressed. Ref Level Allows you to set the reference level. ATT AUTO/MNL Toggles the input attenuator between AUTO and MNL.
Page 158 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Ref Offset ON/OFF Toggles the reference level offset function on or off. Allows you to set the offset level in a range of 0 to ±100.0 dB. The relationships between the displayed ref-...
Page 159: Local Key (Gpib Remote Control)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.12 LOCAL Key (GPIB Remote Control) Turns off GPIB remote control. (Note there is no menu associated with this panel key.) 3-32 Apr 10/98...
Page 160: Meas Key (Measurement)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.13 MEAS Key (Measurement) This section describes the menu displayed when the MEAS key is pressed. Noise/Hz Displays the Noise/Hz menu, and allows you to set the frequency width for noise measurement.
Page 161 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Cont Down ON/OFF Toggles the count down function on or off. Sets the x dB down function to repeat continuously. Establishes the trace peak point for each sweep which is used as the reference point of the marker down.
Page 162: Mkr Key (Marker)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.14 MKR Key (Marker) This section describes the menu displayed when the MKR key is pressed. When this key is pressed, the Marker (1) menu is displayed and the normal marker is displayed in the center of the trace.
Page 163 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions this setting. LOW: Performs the next peak search for all the peaks under the display line. The display line can be adjusted from this setting. 2/2, more Returns to the Peak (1) menu.
Page 164 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Fixed MKR ON/OFF Toggles the Fixed Marker function on or off. Stores the frequency and level of the displayed delta marker and fixes the marker at the current physical position on the screen.
Page 165: Mkr → Key (Marker →)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.15 MKR → Key (Marker →) This section describes the menu displayed when the Mkr → key is pressed. This menu allows you to use the active marker data (such as frequency and level) as the data for some other function. Item(s) in the Mkr →...
Page 166 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions (2) When using the delta marker: Delta → CF Sets the frequency difference between the delta and normal marker as the center frequency. Delta → CF step Sets the frequency difference between the delta and normal marker as the step size for the center frequency.
Page 167: Pas/Fail Key (Pass-Fail Judgment)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.16 PAS/FAIL Key (Pass-Fail Judgment) This section describes the menu displayed when the PAS/FAIL key is pressed. When this key is pressed, the level window is displayed. Pass-Fail ON/OFF Toggles the Pass-Fail judgment function on or off.
Page 168: Pk Srch Key (Peak Search)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.17 PK SRCH Key (Peak Search) Pressing this key displays the frequency and level of the marker after moving the marker to the maximum level of the trace within the search range. (Note there is no menu associated with this panel key.)
Page 169: Power Measure Key (Power Measurement)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.18 POWER MEASURE Key (Power Measurement) This section describes the menu displayed when the POWER MEASURE key is pressed. Channel Power Displays the CH Power menu. CH Power ON/OFF Allows you to measure the total power in a specified channel bandwidth.
Page 170: Obw
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions OBW ON/OFF Toggles the OBW measurement function on or off. Shows the occupied bandwidth together with the carrier frequency set by the OBW % setting. OFF: Turns off the OBW measurement function.
Page 171: Preset Key (Initialization)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.19 PRESET Key (Initialization) This key is used to reset the spectrum analyzer to its’ default settings. This key is accessed by pressing the SHIFT key and then the CONFIG key. All previous settings are cleared when this is done. (Note there is no menu associated with this panel key.)
Page 172: Recall Key (Data Readout)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.20 RECALL Key (Data Readout) This section describes the menu displayed when the RECALL key is pressed. Recall Reads out the data from a file selected from the file list. List ON/OFF Toggles the file list display on or off.
Page 173: Repeat Key (Continuous Sweep)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.21 REPEAT Key (Continuous Sweep) Pressing this key activates the continuous sweep mode. If this key is pressed during a sweep, the sweep is paused and the sweep lamp is turned off. Pressing the REPEAT key again causes the analyzer to wait for another sweep to start and then the sweep lamp turns back on.
Page 174: Save Key (Saving Data)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.22 SAVE Key (Saving Data) This section describes the menu displayed when the SHIFT key and the RECALL (SAVE) key are pressed. Save Saves the data selected by Save Item to the file selected in the file list.
Page 175: Self Test Key (Self Test)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.23 SELF TEST Key (Self Test) Pressing SHIFT and 0 activates the self test mode, and displays the Self Test menu. Note: In Self Test mode, all soft menus and panel keys except for those displayed in the soft menu, and the SHIFT, PRESET and COPY keys are disabled.
Page 176: Single Key (Single Sweep)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.24 SINGLE Key (Single Sweep) If this key is pressed during a sweep, the sweep is paused and the sweep lamp is turned off. Pressing the SINGLE key again causes the analyzer to wait until a sweep starts again (which in turn depends on when it receives a signal).
Page 177: Span Key (Frequency Span)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.25 SPAN Key (Frequency Span) When pressed, this key displays the SPAN menu, and allows you to set a frequency span. In addition, the center frequency and frequency span are displayed in the annotation area below the bottom scale line.
Page 178: Sweep Key (Sweep Time)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.26 SWEEP Key (Sweep Time) This section describes the menu displayed when the SWEEP key is pressed. SWP Time AUTO/MNL Toggles the sweep time between AUTO and MNL. AUTO: Automatically sets an optimum sweep time according to the span setting.
Page 179: Tg Key (Tracking Generator) (Option 74)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.27 TG Key (Tracking Generator) (Option 74) This section describes the TG menu which is displayed when the tracking generator is turned on. CAUTION: Do not apply voltages that exceed ( 10 V or power that exceeds + 15 dBm to the TG OUTPUT con- nector, or you may damage this instrument.
Page 180 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions Freq Adj Manual For the current RBW, the compensation value for tracking gener- ator's output frequency is set. TG Off Turns the tracking generator off. Aug 28/98 3-53...
Page 181: Trace Key (Trace Data)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.28 TRACE Key (Trace Data) This section describes the menu displayed when the TRACE key is pressed. Write A(B) Sets the Write mode which updates the data in the A(B) memory for each sweep.
Page 182 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions AVG A(B) CONT/SGL Toggles between CONT (continuation) and SGL (single) modes. CONT: Continues to average using the current data which is used until the set averaging count is reached. SGL: Automatically switches to View mode as soon as the desired averaging count has been reached.
Page 183: Trig Key (Trigger)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.3 Menu Function Descriptions 3.3.29 TRIG Key (Trigger) This section describes the menu displayed when the TRIG key is pressed. Free Run Performs sweeps automatically. Line Sweeps are synchronized with the AC power supply. Video Sweeps are synchronized with the video signal.
Page 184: Setting Values
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.4 Setting Values Setting Values This section shows the values of various settings used with the spectrum analyzer. 3.4.1 Set Resolution This section lists the center frequency set resolution and the frequency span set resolution for each frequency span.
Page 185: Set Values For Rbw, Vbw And Swp Time
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.4 Setting Values 3.4.2 Set Values for RBW, VBW and SWP Time When set to AUTO, the values for RBW, VBW and SWP Time are as listed in the table below. Table 3-3 Values for RBW, VBW and SWP Time (using AUTO)
Page 186: Factory Defaults
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.4 Setting Values 3.4.3 Factory Defaults The table below lists the factory defaults (for both the analyzer parameters and settings). These values are used when the SHIFT and CONFIG (PRESET) keys are pressed. Table 3-4 Factory Defaults...
Page 187: Defaults Configuration Values
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 3.4 Setting Values 3.4.4 Defaults Configuration Values These are the default settings used when the Defaults Config softkey is pressed. Table 3-5 Values for Default Config Parameter Default Setting Copy destination setting Printer Printer type...
Page 188: Remote Programing
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming REMOTE PROGRAMING GPIB Remote Programming The spectrum analyzer is equipped with a GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) that complies with IEEE Standard 488.1-1978. This bus allows you to attach and use an external device to remotely control the spectrum analyzer.
Page 189 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming GPIB connector The following conditions should be observed when using a GPIB interface: • The total GPIB cable length in a single bus system must not be more than 20m (you can calculate the current cable length using the formula total length = n x 2m ,where, n is the number of devices to be connected, including the GPIB controller).
Page 190: Gpib Interface Functions
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Turning the display off If the screen display is turned off, the speed of measurements made using GPIB control increases. 1. Press CONFIG and GPIB. The GPIB menu is displayed. 2. Press Display ON/OFF.
Page 191 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Serial Polling Enable (SPE) When the spectrum analyzer is receiving a message from an external device, it is in serial polling mode. If the spectrum analyzer is specified as a talker in this mode, it sends status bytes instead of normal messages.
Page 192: Message Exchange Protocol
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.5 Message Exchange Protocol The spectrum analyzer receives program messages from controllers or other devices through the GPIB bus and generates response data. Program messages include commands, queries (commands used to query response data) and data.
Page 193: Command Syntax
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.6 Command Syntax Command programs for the spectrum analyzer are defined using the following format: Header <Space (space characters)> Data Header Two types of header are available: the common command header and the simple header. The common command header has an asterisk (*) at the beginning of the mnemonic.
Page 194 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming • Floating-point type: NR3 format [Sign] Number Number Number [Sign] Units The table below lists the units that you can use. Unit Frequency Frequency Frequency Frequency VOLT Voltage Voltage Voltage Voltage...
Page 195: Status Bytes
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.8 Status Bytes The spectrum analyzer has a hierarchical status register structure which complies with IEEE Standard 488.2-1987. This is used to send information on the status of various aspects of a device to the controller.
Page 196: Arrangement Of The Three Status Registers
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming • Status byte register • Standard event register • Standard operation status register The arrangement of the status registers of the spectrum analyzer are shown in Figure 4-1. The status registers are shown in detail in Figure 4-2.
Page 197: Details Of The Three Status Registers
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Standard operation status register Standard event Standard event register register Status byte register Figure 4-2 Details of the Three Status Registers 4-10 Dec 1/97...
Page 198 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Event Enable Register Each event register has an enable register to determine which bit is available. The enable register sets the corresponding bit in decimal value. • Set of Service Request Enable Register: *SRE •...
Page 199: Structure Of The Status Byte Register
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Status Byte Register The status byte register summarizes the information from the status register. In addition, a summary of the status byte register is sent to the controller as a service request. As a result, this register operates slightly differently from the status register.
Page 200 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming The table below explains the meanings of the bits in the status byte register. Function Description The OPR bit is a summary of the standard operation status register The RQS bit is true when the MSS bit of the status byte register is set to 1.
Page 201: Gpib Command Codes
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.9 GPIB Command Codes The following tables list the GPIB commands by function. Listener Code Column: An asterisk (*) in the Listener Code Column indicates that the function requires numeric data together with the function code.
Page 202 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-2 Level Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Reference level Reference level Attenuator ATT level Attenuator auto 0:Manual/ 1:Auto Input impedance OHM 50 OHM? 0: 50ohm 50Ω 1: 75ohm 75Ω...
Page 203: Sweep Mode
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-4 Sweep Mode Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Sweep mode Normal CONTS SWM? 0:Normal & Full 1:Normal & Window 20:Single & Full Single 21:Single & Window SNGLS Reset &...
Page 204: Frequency
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-7 Marker Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Marker ON MN* (*1) 0: OFF 1: Normal 2: Delta Marker frequency ––– Marker frequency (*2) Marker level ––– Maker level (*2) Frequency + Level –––...
Page 205: Peak Search
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-8 Peak Search Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Peak search MKPK ––– ––– ––– ––– NEXT peak ––– ––– NEXT peak left ––– ––– NEXT peak right –––...
Page 206 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-10 Marker → Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format MKR→CF MKCF ––– ––– ––– ––– MKR∆→CF MTCF ––– ––– MKR→REF MKRL ––– ––– ––– ––– Peak→CF PKCF –––...
Page 207 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-12 Trace (1 of 2) Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Trace A ––– 0: Write 1: View 2: Blank 3: Max Hold 4: Min Hold 5: Averaging A write –––...
Page 208 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-12 Trace (2 of 2) Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Detector mode A DET? 0: Normal Normal DET NRM 1: Positive 2: Negative Positive DET POS 3: Sample...
Page 209: Pass-Fail Judgment
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-14 Pass-Fail Judgment Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Pass/Fail ON PFON? 0: OFF 1: ON Limit Upper position WUL* WUL? Level Limit Lower position WLL* WLL? Level Test result –––...
Page 210: Power Measurement
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-17 Counter Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Resolution 1kHz CNORD? 0: 1kHz 1: 100Hz 100Hz 2: 10Hz 10Hz 3: 1Hz Counter ON COUNT ON COUNT? 0:OFF 1:ON...
Page 211 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-20 ACP Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format ACP execution ACP? Lower, Upper ACPON? 0: OFF 1: ON ACP OFF ACP CS ADCH* ADCH? Channel Spacing (adjacent) ACP BS...
Page 212 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-22 EMC Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format EMC trace direction EMCDET? 0:Normal EMCDET QP 1:QP Peak EMCDET PEAK 3:PEAK Normal EMCDET NRM QP BW 9kHz 120kHz AUTO...
Page 213: Data Save/Recall
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-23 Calibration Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format CAL ALL ––– ––– Total gain ––– ––– IF step AMP CLSTEP ––– ––– ––– ––– RBW switch CLRBW –––...
Page 214 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Figure 4-24Data Save/Recall (2 of 2) Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Delete register DEL1 ––– ––– DEL2 ––– ––– DEL3 ––– ––– DEL4 ––– ––– DEL5 ––– –––...
Page 215: Hard Copy
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-25 Hard Copy Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Command selection PRTCMD? 0: PCL ESC/P PRTCMD ESC 1: ESCP ESC/P Raster PRTCMD ESCPR 2: ESCP-R PRTCMD PCL Print size...
Page 216 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-29 Miscellaneous Talker Request Function Listener Code Code Output Format Delimiter CR LF<EOI> ––– ––– ––– ––– <EOI> ––– ––– CR LF ––– ––– LF<EOI> ––– ––– ↑ step up –––...
Page 217: Data Input
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Table 4-30 Data Input Function Parameter Numeric value Decimal point Minus sign Plus sign Exponent Second Millisecond MSEC Microsecond USEC Nanosecond NSEC Enter Volt VOLT Millivolt Microvolt Nanovolt 4-30 Aug 28/98...
Page 218: 4.1.10 Basic Programming
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.10 Basic Programming N88BASIC is used in PC9801 series and HP-BASIC is used in HP200 and 300 series. Sample Programs for PC9801 series (GPIB address = 8). Example PC-1: Master reset the device and set center frequency to 30 MHz.
Page 219 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Sample Programs for HP200 and HP300 series (GPIB address = 1) Example HP-1: Master reset the device and set center frequency to 30 MHz. OUTPUT 701;”IP” OUTPUT 701;”CF30MZ” Example HP-2: Set reference level to -20 dBm (5 dB/div), resolution bandwidth to 100 kHz and detector mode to Posi.
Page 220: Data Output Format (Talker)
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.11 Data Output Format (talker) In order to output internal data such as measured data and set conditions, it is necessary to specify the data using the “xx?” command. This data is then output when the device is in the talker mode. Available output formats are as listed in the table below.
Page 221 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Sample Programs for PC9801 series (GPIB address = 8) Example PC-5: Output marker level (numerical variable) ISET IFC:ISET REN ’ PRINT @8;”CF30MZ SP1MZ MK30MZ” ’ Center frequency, frequency span, marker PRINT @8;”ML?”...
Page 222 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Example PC-9: Execute OBW and output the result. ISET IFC:ISET REN ’ PRINT @8;”CF30MZ” ’ Set individual data. PRINT @8;”SP10MZ” PRINT @8;”MK30MZ” PRINT @8;”OBWPER 95%” ’ Set OBW%. PRINT @8;”OBW” ’...
Page 223 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Sample Programs for HP200 and HP300 series (GPIB address = 1) Example HP-6: Output marker frequency (integral) OUTPUT 701;”MF?” ENTER 701;A Sample result: A=1.8E+9 Example HP-7: Output center frequency (character string) DIM A$[30] OUTPUT 701;”CF?”...
Page 224: 4.1.12 Trace Data I/O
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.12 Trace Data I/O Trace data on the screen includes data for 501 points on the frequency axis. To input and output this data, it is necessary to transfer data in order for all 501 points, starting from the left most point (start frequency).
Page 225 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Trace data can be in input or output in either ASCII or binary format. I/O method Content ASCII format DDDD CR LF Delimiter Data for one point Four-byte data without header...
Page 226 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Example PC-12: Output data from memory A in binary format. ISET IFC:ISET REN ’ Execute interface clear and remote enable. DIM TR(501) PRINT @8;”DL2DTG” ’ Set to negative detector. PRINT @8;”TBA?”...
Page 227 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Example PC-14: Input data to memory A in binary format. ISET IFC:ISET REN ’ Execute interface clear and remote enable. DIM DT(501) A=0:ST=3.14/100 PRINT @8;”AB TBA” ’ Specify binary input to memory A.
Page 228 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Sample Programs for HP200, HP300 series (GPIB address = 1) Example HP-11: Output data from memory A in ASCII format. DIM Tr(500) Reserve 501 variables. OUTPUT 701;”DL3” Set delimiter to CR LF.
Page 229: 4.1.13 Using The Status Byte
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming 4.1.13 Using the Status Byte Sample Programs for PC9801 series (GPIB address = 8) Example PC-15: Execute single sweeping and wait the end of the sweeping (when not using SRQ signal).
Page 230 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Example PC-17: Read the peak frequency and the level on every end of single sweeping. (when using SRQ signal). ISET IFC:ISET REN ’ Send IFC signal and set REN signal in one.
Page 231 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Sample Programs for HP200, HP300 series (GPIB address = 8) Example HP-15: Execute a single sweep and wait the end of the sweeping (when not using SRQ signal). Spa=708 Set GPIB address (8) in a variable.
Page 232 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.1 GPIB Remote Programming Example HP-17: Read both the peak frequency and the level at the end of a single sweep (when using SRQ signal). Spa=708 Set GPIB address (8) in a variable. OUTPUT Spa;”SI”...
Page 233: Remote Control Function
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.2 RS-232 Remote Control Function RS-232 Remote Control Function Most controllers (such as personal computers) do not have a GPIB interface, but the R3131 series can still be controlled using the RS-232 interface. 4.2.1 GPIB and RS-232 Compatibility The control codes and functions are the same as those used for serial control, except for those which especially refer to the GPIB interface.
Page 234: Connection Between The Controller And The Spectrum Analyzer
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.2 RS-232 Remote Control Function 4.2.4 Interface connection Personal computer Spectrum Analyzer rear panel RS-232 cable Figure 4-5 Connection Between the Controller and the Spectrum Analyzer Although the spectrum analyzer uses only three pins, the controller side needs more connections for input and output.
Page 235: Cable Wiring Diagram
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.2 RS-232 Remote Control Function 9pin 9pin 2 RxD 3 TxD 3 TxD 2 RxD 5 GND 5 GND Spectrum Controller Analyzer 4 DTR side side 6 DSR 1 DCD 7 RTS 8 CTS Pin No.(9pin)
Page 236: Data Format
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.2 RS-232 Remote Control Function 4.2.5 Data Format Transmission messages between the spectrum analyzer and the controller are in ASCII code character strings and followed by carriage returns (CR) and line feeds (LF). C F ? CR LF...
Page 237: Differences Between Rs-232 And Gpib
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 4.2 RS-232 Remote Control Function 4.2.6 Differences Between RS-232 and GPIB • Command code Trace data input or output can only be formatted in ASCII. NOTE: The following commands are unavailable: TBA and TBB. 4.2.7 Panel Control During remote control operation, spectrum analyzer panel control is affected as follows.
Page 238: Specifications
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 5 SPECIFICATIONS SPECIFICATIONS Frequency Characteristics Description Frequency range 9kHz to 3GHz Frequency read accuracy ± (Frequency reading x Frequency reference accuracy + Span Span accuracy + 0.15 Resolution bandwidth + 1kHz) Marker frequency counter ± (Marker frequency x Frequency reference accuracy + 1LSD) >...
Page 239 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 5 SPECIFICATIONS Amplitude Range Characteristics Description Amplitude measurement range +20dBm to Average indicated noise level Maximum input level +20dBm, 50VDC Display range Logarithmic 10dB/div 8div 1,2,5dB/div 10div Linear (10% of the reference level)/div Reference level range...
Page 240 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 5 SPECIFICATIONS Amplitude Accuracy Characteristics Description Calibration signal 30MHz, -20dBm ± 0.3dB > Frequency response ± 0.5dB (100kHz to 3GHz, ATT = 10dB) > ± 1dB (100kHz to 2GHz) > ± 2dB (9kHz to 3GHz) (after the calibration, and in reference to 30MHz) >...
Page 241 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 5 SPECIFICATIONS Specifications for the External Gate Signal The specifications for the external gate signal used with gated sweeps are shown below. Input signal Gate signal (a) t1 1MHz more than 2µsec 300kHz more than 15µsec 100kHz more than 20µsec...
Page 242 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual 5 SPECIFICATIONS General Specifications Characteristics Description Operating environment range 0°C to +50°C, Relative humidity 85% or less (without condensation) Storage environment range -20°C to +60°C, Relative humidity 85% or less AC input power source Automatic switching to 100VAC or 200VAC...
Page 244: Appendix 1 Error Message
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 1 ERROR MESSAGE APPENDIX 1 ERROR MESSAGE Error No. Error Message Description Span is set 0 Hz. Zero Span is selected Pls change span. Please set the correct span. Scale is Linear Mode. Vertical scale is set to Linear mode Pls select dB/div scale.
Page 245 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 1 ERROR MESSAGE Error No. Error Message Description Self Test failure. Self test detected an error. Pls report to qualified Please contact a qualified service representative. service person. Self Test failure. Self test detected an error.
Page 246 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 1 ERROR MESSAGE Error No. Error Message Description Printer is not ready. Cannot print. Pls check a printer Please check the printer settings. setting. Printer cable problem. There is a problem with the printer cable.
Page 248: Appendix 2 Glossary A2-1
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY Resolution Bandwidth The spectrum analyzer uses the bandpass filter (BPF) to analyze the frequency components contained in the input signal. The 3dB bandwidth of the BPF is called the resolution bandwidth (See Figure A2-1(a) below).
Page 249 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY Gain Compression If the input signal is greater than a certain value, the correct value is not displayed on the screen, and the input signal appears as if it were compressed. This phenomenon is called gain compression, and it reflects an error in the linearity of the input signal range.
Page 250: Spurious Response
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY Non-higher Harmonic Spurious: This is a spurious signal of a certain inherent frequency generated by the spectrum analyzer itself. This is also called residual response. Spurious Response This is distortion caused by higher harmonic spurious signals generated in the input mixer when the signal level is increased.
Page 251: Bandwidth Selectivity
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY Figure A2-4 Noise Sidebands Bandwidth Selectivity The bandpass filter normally attenuates using a Gaussian distribution instead of the so-called rectangular characteristic. Consequently, if two adjacent signals of different sizes are mixed, the smaller signal hides at the tail of the larger signal (Figure A2-5).
Page 252: Bandwidth Switching Accuracy
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual APPENDIX 2 GLOSSARY Bandwidth Switching Accuracy Several IF filters are used to obtain an optimal resolution (in signal spectrum analysis) according to the scan width. When switching from one IF filter to another while measuring one and the same signal, an error is generated for the difference in loss.
Page 254: Dimensional Outline Drawing
Unit : mm CAUTION This drawing shows external dimensions of this instrument. DIMENSIONAL The difference in products and options used can cause a change in the appearance OUTLINE DRAWING of the instrument.
Page 256: Alphabetical Index
R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual ALPHABETICAL INDEX [Symbols] % AM Meas ON/OFF ....... 3-11 3-34 Bandwidth ..........3-17 4-16 ( ) ' , ; : ............3-9, 3-24 Bandwidth Accuracy ........A2-4 + - < > = ............ 3-9, 3-24 Bandwidth Selectivity ........
Page 257 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Alphabetical Index CONTROL Section ..........2-7 Displaying Spectrums and Operating COPY ..........2-8 3-21 the Markers ............2-17 Copy Dev ............ 3-8 3-19 Displaying submenu .......... 2-15 Copy Mode GRAY/ B/W ......3-8 3-19 Dynamic range ..........2-42 Copy Size HALF/FULL ......
Page 258 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Alphabetical Index Full Span ........... 3-14 3-50 Functional Description ........3-16 Last Span ..........3-14 3-50 Fuse ..............1-5 Length 7/8 ........... 3-8 3-20 Fuse holder ............2-13 LEVEL ..........2-4 3-10 3-30 Fuse information ..........2-13 Level ............
Page 259 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Alphabetical Index MKR ..........2-6 3-11 3-35 Peak ............3-10 3-26 MKR → ............2-6 Peak → CF ....3-10 3-38 3-12 3-28 3-38 3-39 MKR → (when using the delta marker) ..... 3-12 Peak → Ref ........3-12...
Page 260 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Alphabetical Index Ref Offset ON/OFF ........3-10 3-31 Setting Values ............ 3-57 REFERENCE ............3-1 Setup ON/OFF .......... 3-14 3-47 Reference level ..........2-11 SHIFT ............2-8 3-10 Reference Level Display Accuracy ....A2-1 SHIFT, CONFIG(PRESET) ....... 2-8 3-13 Remote control usage examples ......
Page 261 R3131 Spectrum Analyzer Operation Manual Alphabetical Index SYSTEM Section ..........2-8 Width SRT/STP ........3-12 3-40 Window Off ..........3-9 3-24 Window POS/WD ........3-9 3-23 Window SRT/STP ........3-9 3-23 talker ..............4-33 Window Sweep ON/OFF ..3-9 3-12...

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