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GENERAL UPKEEP—Engine Lubrication
ENGINE
We recommend low viscosity oils for use in the engine sump. These oils, whilst
maintaining sufficient body when hot are fluid enough to give early lubrication to cylinder
walls, etc., when starting the engine from " cold," a quality not possessed by the " heavier
" oils in sufficient degree for use in modern engines. They are each of the correct viscosity
and character to afford complete lubrication protection. Additives which dilute the oil or
otherwise impair this protection must NOT be used.
We therefore stress the value of using only the recommended oils. After many thousands
of miles running the rate of oil consumption will increase. When the rate becomes higher
than one gallon per 1,000 miles (1 litre per 400 km.), it will be desirable to use the next
heavier grade of the brand of oil you normally employ.
The working parts of the engine are lubricated by oil contained in the sump, drawn
through a filter by the gear type pump and delivered under pressure to the crankshaft
journals, crankpins, camshaft bearings and tappet guides. Oil thrown from the connecting
rod bearings lubricates the pistons which in turn lubricates the connecting rod little ends,
and the timing chain is fed with oil from the camshaft bearing. Suitable oil seals are
embodied at the front and rear ends of the crankshaft which effectively prevent oil leaking
along the shaft.
Every 200 miles or 300 km. the oil level should be checked and topped up if necessary.
Withdraw dipstick and wipe clean, then insert and push fully home before withdrawing for
reading (see Fig. 5). Should the level be at the lower mark on the dipstick 2 pints (1.1
litres) of oil will be required for topping up.
The regular addition of oil not only maintains the correct level, but also tends to keep up
the quality of the lubricant. However, gradual deterioration takes place until it becomes
advisable occasionally to drain the sump and refill with fresh oil. If the engine is found to
require very little oil for replenishment, then it is desirable to drain the oil every 2,500
miles (4,000 km.) and refill with fresh oil.
Once every year, if flushing oils have not been used, it is advisable to remove the sump
and thoroughly clean out with petrol.
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