Pasco Scientific ME-6825 Instruction Manual And Experiment Manual

Pasco Scientific ME-6825 Instruction Manual And Experiment Manual

Mini launcher

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Instruction Manual and
Experiment Guide for
the PASCO scientific
Model ME-6825
MINI LAUNCHER
W E
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© 1995 PASCO scientific
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10101 Foothills Blvd. • P.O. Box 619011 • Roseville, CA 95678-9011 USA
Phone (916) 786-3800 • FAX (916) 786-8905 • email: techsupp@PASCO.com
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012-05479A
2/95
$10.00
better
ways to
teach physics

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Summary of Contents for Pasco Scientific ME-6825

  • Page 1 P i s t o l i c k s i t i o n © 1995 PASCO scientific $10.00 better ways to 10101 Foothills Blvd. • P.O. Box 619011 • Roseville, CA 95678-9011 USA teach physics...
  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Table of Contents Section Page Copyright, Warranty, and Equipment Return ............. ii Introduction ...................... 1 Equipment ......................2 General Operation Of The Mini Launcher ............3 Installation Of The Optional Photogate Bracket ..........4 Installing the 2-Dimensional Collision Attachment ..........5 Expectations For The Mini Launcher ..............
  • Page 4: Copyright, Warranty And Equipment Return

    RETURN WITHOUT AN AUTHORIZATION. Limited Warranty When returning equipment for repair, the units must be PASCO scientific warrants this product to be free from packed properly. Carriers will not accept responsibility defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one for damage caused by improper packing.
  • Page 5: Introduction

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Introduction The PASCO Mini Launcher has been designed for • FIXED ELEVATION INDEPENDENT OF projectile experiments and demonstrations. The only ANGLE: additional equipment required is a C-clamp or ME-9376B m steel balls ONLY! Universal Table Clamp for clamping the Launcher to a Ball table.
  • Page 6: Equipment

    Mini Launcher 012-05479A Equipment The ME-6825 Mini Launcher includes the following: • Launcher and Base (Assembled) • (2) 16mm Steel Balls • String (to pull trigger) • Collision Attachment Safety Goggles • Safety Goggles • Pushrod • Manual Launcher Collision Attachment...
  • Page 7: General Operation Of The Mini Launcher

    012-05479A Mini Launcher General Operation of the Mini Launcher ➀ Ready ➤ NOTE: Use only 16 mm steel balls with the Mini Launcher. A ferro-magnetic material is re- - Always wear safety goggles when you are in a room quired to work with the negative angles (0 to - 45°). where the Mini Launcher is being used.
  • Page 8: Installation Of The Optional Photogate Bracket

    Mini Launcher 012-05479A Installing the Optional Photogate Bracket (ME-6821) ➁ To mount the bracket to the Launcher, align the square The Photogate Bracket is an optional accessory for mounting one or two photogates on the Mini Launcher to nut in the slot on the bottom of the barrel and slide the measure the muzzle velocity of the ball.
  • Page 9: Installing The 2-Dimensional Collision Attachment

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Installing the 2-Dimensional Collision Attachment The two dimensional Collision Attachment consists of 2 Square screws, 2 nuts, and a flat plastic bar. It is used with the Mini Launcher to hold a second ball in front of the muzzle so the launched ball will collide with the second ball, creating a 2-dimensional collision.
  • Page 10: Launch Positions

    The square nut in the T-slot should be slid to the front of the launcher. Ball is launched at table level. CAUTION! ME-6825 MINI LAUNCHER Clamp base to table. Mount launcher as shown to shoot onto table. The square nut in the T-slot should be slid to the front of the launcher.
  • Page 11: Experiments 1. Projectile Motion

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 1: Projectile Motion EQUIPMENT NEEDED: – Mini Launcher and steel ball – Plumb bob – Meter stick – Carbon paper – White paper Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to predict and verify the range of a ball launched at an angle. The initial velocity of the ball is determined by shooting it horizontally and measuring the range and the height of the Launcher.
  • Page 12 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Procedure Part A: Determining the Initial Velocity of the Ball ➀ Put the ball into the Mini Launcher and cock it to the long range position. Fire one shot to locate where the ball hits the floor. At this position, tape a piece of white paper to the floor. Place a piece of carbon paper (carbon-side down) on top of this paper and tape it down.
  • Page 13 012-05479A Mini Launcher Part B: Predicting the Range of the Ball Shot at an Angle ➀ Adjust the Mini Launcher to launch at an angle between 20 and 60 degrees above the horizontal. Record this angle in Table 1.2. ➁ Using the initial velocity and vertical distance found in the first part of this experiment, calculate the new time of flight and the new horizontal range for a projectile launched at the new angle.
  • Page 14 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Part C: Predicting the Range of the Ball Shot at a Negative Angle ➀ Adjust the Mini Launcher to launch at an angle between 10 and 40 degrees below the horizontal and record this angle in Table 1.3. ➁...
  • Page 15: Projectile Motion Using Photogates

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 2: Projecile Motion Using Photogates EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher and steel ball – Photogate bracket – (2) Photogates – Computer and Timing software – Plumb bob – Meter stick – Carbon paper – White paper Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to predict and verify the range of a ball launched at an angle.
  • Page 16 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Procedure PART A: Determining the Initial Velocity of the Ball ① Put the steel ball into the Mini Launcher and cock it to the long range position. ➁ Run the timing program and set it to measure the time it takes the ball to pass through both photogates.
  • Page 17 012-05479A Mini Launcher Table 2.2 Confirming the Predicted Range Angle above or below horizontal = ______________ Horizontal distance to paper edge = ____________ Calculated time of flight= ____________ Predicted Range = ____________ Trial Number Distance from Edge of Paper Average Total Average Distance Analysis ➀...
  • Page 18 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Notes...
  • Page 19: Projectile Range Versus Angle

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 3: Projectile Range Versus Angle EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher and steel ball – Plumb bob – Measuring tape or meter stick – Carbon paper – Graph paper – White paper Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to find how the range of the ball depends on the angle at which it is launched.
  • Page 20 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Setup ➀ Clamp the Mini Launcher near one end of a sturdy table with the Launcher aimed so the ball will land on the table. The square nut in the T-slot should be positioned near the muzzle. ➁...
  • Page 21 012-05479A Mini Launcher SHOOTING OFF THE TABLE Clamp the Mini Launcher as shown in Fig 3.4 so that the ball will hit the floor. Repeat steps 1 through 6 and record the data in Table 3.2. You can use a plumb bob to find the point directly beneath the launch position of the ball.
  • Page 22 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Notes...
  • Page 23: Projectile Path

    Clamp the Mini Launcher near one end of a sturdy table with the Launcher aimed away from the CAUTION! MINI LAUNCHER ME-6825 table. ➁ Adjust the angle of the Mini Launcher to zero degrees so the ball will be launched horizontally.
  • Page 24 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Procedure ➀ Measure the vertical height from the floor to the muzzle and record in Table 4.1. Mark this height on the target. ➁ Measure the horizontal distance from the muzzle of the Mini Launcher to the target and record in Table 4.1.
  • Page 25 012-05479A Mini Launcher Table 4.2 Initial Speed Slope of graph Initial speed from slope Time of flight Initial speed from x, y Percent Difference Questions ➀ Was the line straight? What does this tell you about the relationship between y and x? ➁...
  • Page 26 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Notes...
  • Page 27: Conservation Of Energy

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 5: Conservation of Energy EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher and steel ball – Plumb bob – Measuring tape or meter stick – White paper – (optional) 2 Photogates and Photogate Bracket – Carbon paper – (optional) Timing System Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to show that the kinetic energy of a ball shot straight up is transformed into potential energy.
  • Page 28 Mini Launcher 012-05479A PART I: Determining the Initial Velocity of the Ball (without photogates) ➀ Put the steel ball into the Mini Launcher and cock it to the chosen range position. Fire one shot to locate where the ball hits the floor. At this position, tape a piece of white paper to the floor. Place a piece of carbon paper (carbon-side down) on top of this paper and tape it down.
  • Page 29 012-05479A Mini Launcher ALTERNATE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE INITIAL VELOCITY OF THE BALL (USING PHOTOGATES) ➀ Attach the photogate bracket to the Launcher and attach two photogates to the bracket. Plug the photogates into a computer or other timer. ➁ Adjust the angle of the Mini Launcher to 90 degrees (straight up).
  • Page 30 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Table 5.3 Results Maximuim Height of Ball Mass of Ball Initial Kinetic Energy Final Potential Energy Percent Difference Questions ➀ How does friction affect the result for the kinetic energy? ➁ How does friction affect the result for the potential energy?
  • Page 31: Conservation Of Momentum In Two Dimensions

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 6: Conservation of Momentum In Two Dimensions EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher, 2 steel balls and Collision Attachment – Plumb bob – Meter stick – Protractor – Butcher paper – Tape to make collision inelastic – Stand to hold ball –...
  • Page 32 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Setup ➀ Clamp the Mini Launcher near one end of a sturdy table with the Launcher aimed inward toward the table. Mount the launcher in the top hole of the bracket. ➁ Adjust the angle of the Mini Launcher to zero degrees so the ball will be shot off horizontally onto the table.
  • Page 33 012-05479A Mini Launcher PERFORM THE FOLLOWING THREE STEPS FOR THE ELASTIC COLLISION AND THEN REPEAT THESE THREE STEPS FOR THE INELASTIC COLLISION: ➃ For the x-direction, check that the momentum before equals the momentum after the collision. To do this, use the lengths for the momentums and calculate the x-components using the angles. Record the results in Tables 6.1 and 6.2.
  • Page 34 Mini Launcher 012-05479A Notes...
  • Page 35: Varying Angle To Maximize Height On A Wall

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 7: Varying Angle To Maximize Height on a Wall EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher and steel ball – Plumb bob – Measuring tape or meter stick – Carbon paper – White paper – Board to protect wall Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to find the launch angle which will maximize the height at which the ball strikes a vertical wall for a ball launched at a fixed horizontal distance from the wall.
  • Page 36 Mini Launcher 012-05479A ➃ Tape a piece of white paper to the board in the region where the ball is hitting. Then cover the white paper with a piece of carbon paper. Procedure ➀ Shoot the ball at various angles and pinpoint exactly which angle gives the maximum height by checking the marks on the paper.
  • Page 37: Demo: Do 30° And 60° Give Same Range

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 8 (Demo): Do 30 ° and 60 ° Give the Same Range? EQUIPMENT NEEDED -Mini Launcher and steel ball Purpose The purpose of this demonstration is to show that the range of a ball launched at 30° is the same as one launched at 60°...
  • Page 38: Demo: Simultaneously Shoot Two Balls Horizontally At Different Speeds

    Mini Launcher 012-05479A Experiment 9 (Demo): Simultaneously Shoot Two Balls Horizontally at Different Speeds EQUIPMENT NEEDED – 2 Mini Launchers and 2 steel balls Purpose The purpose of this demonstration is to show that regardless of the initial speed of the balls launched horizon- tally off a table, the balls will hit the floor at the same time.
  • Page 39: Demo: Shooting Through Hoops

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Experiment 10 (Demo): Shooting Through Hoops EQUIPMENT NEEDED – Mini Launcher and steel ball – (5) Ring clamps on stands – (2) Photogates – Photogate Bracket – Meter stick – (2) Meter stick – (optional) Computer with Timing software Purpose The purpose of this demonstration is to show that the path of a ball launched horizontally from a table is para- bolic.
  • Page 40 Mini Launcher 012-05479A ➁ Calculate the horizontal and vertical positions of the ball each 1/10 second until it hits the floor. ➂ Lay the 2-meter stick on the floor in a straight line away from the Launcher. ➃ Measure off each set of x and y and place a ring clamp on a stand at each position (See Figure 10.1).
  • Page 41: Technical Support

    012-05479A Mini Launcher Technical Support Feed-Back Contacting Technical Support If you have any comments about this product or this Before you call the PASCO Technical Support staff it manual please let us know. If you have any sugges- would be helpful to prepare the following information: tions on alternate experiments or find a problem in the •...

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