1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Pasco Scientific Manuals
  4. Laboratory Equipment
  5. WA-9612
  6. Instruction manual and experiment manual

Pasco Scientific WA-9612 Instruction Manual And Experiment Manual

Resonance tube
Hide thumbs
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
Includes
Instruction Manual and
Teacher's Notes
and
Experiment Guide for
Typical
Experiment Results
the PASCO scientific
Model WA-9612
1
2
1
2
SPEAKER INPUT
.1 W MAX
100.5 Hz
© 1988 PASCO scientific
RESONANCE
TUBE
3
4
5
6
3
4
5
7
8
9
6
7
8
9
012-03541F
3/95
10
11
12
13 13
13
10
11
12
13
14
14
WA-9612
RESONANCE TUBE
$7.50

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the WA-9612 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for Pasco Scientific WA-9612

Summary of Contents for Pasco Scientific WA-9612

  • Page 1 012-03541F Includes Instruction Manual and Teacher's Notes 3/95 Experiment Guide for Typical Experiment Results the PASCO scientific Model WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE 13 13 SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE .1 W MAX 100.5 Hz © 1988 PASCO scientific $7.50...
  • Page 2 Note: On several pages, the impedance of the small speaker is listed as 32 ohms. This is incorrect. The impedance of the small speaker is 8 ohms at 1500 hertz (Hz).

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    012-03541F Resonance Tube Table of Contents Section Page Copyright, Warranty and Equipment Return ........... ii Introduction ..................... 1 Equipment and Setup ..................1 Using the Resonance Tube: with the PASCO Series 6500 Computer Interface ......3 with the Power Amplifier: ..............3 with the Data Monitor Program: ............

  • Page 4: Copyright, Warranty And Equipment Return

    ACCEPTED FOR RETURN WITHOUT AN AUTHORIZATION FROM PASCO. Limited Warranty PASCO scientific warrants this product to be free from When returning equipment for repair, the units defects in materials and workmanship for a period of must be packed properly. Carriers will not accept one year from the date of shipment to the customer.

  • Page 5: Introduction

    Microphone battery Miniature and circuitry microphone Tube mounting stands WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE Coax adapter Speaker Microphone SPEAKER INPUT mount .1 W MAX Moveable piston Tube with built-in metric scale Figure 1 Equipment Included with the WA-9612 Resonance Tube...
  • Page 6 Set the frequency of the function generator to ap- proximately 100 Hz, and the amplitude to zero, then turn it on. Slowly raise the amplitude until you hear a sound from the speaker. 13 13 SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE .1 W MAX Function generator COUPLE SOURCE λ...

  • Page 7: Using The Resonance Tube

    An open end of the tube on the CI-6508 to 100x. (See Figure 3.) corresponds, more or less, to a pressure node (a 13 13 SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE Start the program. (Consult your .1 W MAX Figure 3 manual for details on the opera- tion of the program if necessary.) Set the output...

  • Page 8: Waves In A Tube Theory

    Resonance Tube 012-03541F Waves in a Tube Theory: the amplitude of the air vibration is a maximum. Sound Waves Pressure nodes and antinodes also exist within the When the diaphragm of a speaker vibrates, a sound waveform. In fact, pressure nodes occur at displace- wave is produced that propagates through the air.
  • Page 9 012-03541F Resonance Tube wave pattern exists naturally at each end of the tube. occurs naturally at the open end of the tube and a Another way to characterize the resonance states is to pressure antinode (displacement node) occurs naturally say that an integral number of half wavelengths fits at the closed end of the tube.
  • Page 10 L + 0.8d = nl/2, n = 1, 2, 3, 4,…. NOTE: The following four experiments require the WA-9612 Resonance Tube, and a function generator capable of driving the 5 Ω, 0.1 W speaker (such as the PASCO PI-9587C Digital Function Generator). You will also need banana plug hook-up wires to connect the function generator to the speaker.

  • Page 11: Experiment 1: Resonant Frequencies Of A Tube

    When the signal is a maximum height, you have reached a resonant frequency.) Record the value of this lowest resonant frequency as n in Table 1.1 13 13 SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE .1 W MAX Function generator COUPLE SOURCE...
  • Page 12 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Raise the frequency slowly until you find a new resonant frequency. Again measure and record the frequency. Continue finding still higher resonant frequencies. Find at least five. Now close one end of the tube. You can either put the piston in the end of the tube, support- ing the rod on some convenient object, or place an object, such as a book, against the end of the tube.

  • Page 13: Experiment 2: Standing Waves In A Tube

    012-03541F Resonance Tube Experiment 2: Standing Waves in a Tube EQUIPMENT NEEDED: — PASCO Resonance Tube — Function Generator —Frequency Counter (if your function generator does not accurately indicate frequency) — Oscilloscope (recommended, but not necessary) Introduction A sound wave propagating down a tube is reflected back and forth from each end of the tube, and all the waves, the original and the reflections, interfere with each other.
  • Page 14 Insert the piston into the tube, as in Figure 2.2, until it reaches the maximum point that the microphone can reach coming in from the speaker end. Plunger WA-9612 Piston RESONANCE TUBE Figure 2.2 Using the Plunger Find a resonant frequency for this new tube configuration.
  • Page 15 012-03541F Resonance Tube Analysis Use the data that you have recorded to sketch the wave activity along the length of your tube for both the open and closed tube at each of the frequencies you used. The microphone you are using is sensitive to pressure. The maxima are therefore points of maximum pressure and the minima are points of minimum pressure.
  • Page 16 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Notes...

  • Page 17: Experiment 3: Tube Length And Resonant Modes

    Move the piston to a position very near the end of the tube. Set the signal generator to approximately 800 Hz and turn the amplitude up until the speaker is clearly heard. Record this frequency. If you use the oscilloscope, trigger on the speaker output. SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE Plunger Piston .1 W MAX...
  • Page 18 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Analysis Use the data that you have recorded to sketch the wave activity along the length of your tube with the piston in the position furthest from the speaker. How do the successive piston posi- tions that produced a standing wave relate to this sketch? Is the apparent spacings of nodes and antinodes consistent with the wavelength of your sound waves as calculated from λ...

  • Page 19: Experiment 4: The Speed Of Sound In A Tube

    When viewed at a frequency roughly equal to the frequency of the signal generator output, the screen should look something like the diagram in Figure 4.2. SPEAKER INPUT WA-9612 RESONANCE TUBE Plunger Piston .1 W MAX...
  • Page 20 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Determine how far on the screen it is from the initial pulse to the first echo. Record this in table 4.1. Record also the sweep speed setting (the sec/cm setting of the oscilloscope) and the distance from the speaker to the piston. Move the piston to a new position.

  • Page 21: Suggested Demonstration

    M I N M A X Function Generator Introduction Your PASCO WA-9612 Resonance Tube can be used as a Kundt's Tube with some minor modifications. This makes a very effective demonstration for a class or for students working in small groups. Procedure Sprinkle a small amount of cork dust evenly along the bottom of the resonance tube.

  • Page 22: Suggested Research Topics

    Resonance Tube 012-03541F Suggested Research Topics The following are a few suggestions for further With one end of the tube open, calculate the speed experimentation with the Resonance Tube. of sound in the tube with air flowing through the tube. This can be done with the flow of air going Obtain tubes of different diameters, all made from toward or away from the speaker.

  • Page 23: Teacher's Guide

    012-03541F Resonance Tube Teacher’s Guide Experiment 1: Resonant Frequencies of a Tube Notes on Procedure Notes on Questions The fundamental frequency for the closed tube with The open-tube number series (1,2,3,4...) contains the piston in the very end (longest possible closed consecutive integers.
  • Page 24 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Experiment 2: Standing Waves in a Tube The Theory section of the manual shows the Notes on Procedure displacement representation for the open and closed If you have already done experiment 1, use the tubes; but the microphone will see the pressure known open-tube resonant frequencies from that representation.
  • Page 25 012-03541F Resonance Tube Experiment 3: Tube Length and Resonant Modes Notes on Analysis The successive piston positions correspond to 1.5 kHz pressure antinode (displacement node) positions. f(x) = 1.142500E+1*x + 2.857143E-2 The spacing between these positions is equal to half R^2 = 9.999954E-1 the wavelength of the sound.
  • Page 26 Resonance Tube 012-03541F Experiment 4: The Speed of Sound in a Tube Procedure Analysis We recommend that you use external triggering on v 340 m/s. For better precision, use the method the oscilloscope. You will also have to adjust the described in the teacher’s guide to experiment 3.

  • Page 27: Technical Support

    012-03541E Resonance Tube Technical Support Feed-Back Contacting Technical Support If you have any comments about this product or this Before you call the PASCO Technical Support staff it manual please let us know. If you have any sugges- would be helpful to prepare the following information: tions on alternate experiments or find a problem in the •...

Table of Contents