Newtons4th PPA4500 Startup Manual
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Newtons4th PPA4500 Startup Manual

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PPA4500
Start Up Guide
This manual is copyright © 2006-2021 Newtons4th Ltd.
and all rights are reserved. No part may be copied or
reproduced in any form without prior written consent.
Document Title: PPA45xx Start Up Guide v4.0
nd
Document Release Date: 02
March 2021
PPA45xx Firmware version on release date: v2.185
Document Ref: D000225 issue 04

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  • Page 1 PPA4500 Start Up Guide This manual is copyright © 2006-2021 Newtons4th Ltd. and all rights are reserved. No part may be copied or reproduced in any form without prior written consent. Document Title: PPA45xx Start Up Guide v4.0 Document Release Date: 02 March 2021 PPA45xx Firmware version on release date: v2.185...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide CONTENTS Contents ..............Page.1 Getting Started..........Page.2 Unpacking and Contents........Page.3 Handle Fitment..........Pages.4-5 Safety............. Page.6 Safety Instructions........... Page.6 Cautions............Page.7 Warranty............Page.8 Front Panel Layout Diagram....... Page.9 Front Panel Display Key Functions...... Pages.10-28 Rear Panel Layout Diagram........ Page.29 Basic Key Operation..........
  • Page 3 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Remote Settings..........Pages.94-96 Transferring Internal Datalogs to USB Memory Stick Pages.97-98 7.1.1 Data Logging to USB Memory Stick....Pages.99-96 Program Store / Recall / Delete......Pages.97-104 Repair / Recalibration........Page.105 Basic Functionality Check........Page.106-122 Specifications..........Page.123-126 PPA Comparison Table........

  • Page 4: Getting Started

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide Getting Started Unpacking Remove the instrument and accessories from the packaging and check them against the supplied packing list. Please contact your N4L office or local sales distributor should any items found to be missing or damaged during transportation.
  • Page 5 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 1.2 Fitment of the PPA series Carry/Tilt handle PPA5/15/45/55 series power analyzers are supplied with a Carry/Tilt Handle that is located within the accessory pack.............. The handle allows a user to position the instrument upwards at one of two angles for easier viewing when the instrument is positioned below the line of sight.
  • Page 6 Correct 3 Correct 4 A correctly fitted handle will have the ‘N4L Newtons4th’ wording in the correct reading plane when the handle is to the front of the instrument (Pic. 3) Also, a correctly fitted handle will allow storage under the unit (Pic. 4)

  • Page 7: Safety

    You MUST only use EITHER the 4mm OR the BNC connection – NOT both, this applies to both Voltage and Current inputs. Note: Newtons4th Ltd shall not be liable for any consequential damages, losses, costs or expenses arising from the use or misuse of this product...

  • Page 8: Cautions

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 2.2 CAUTIONS  Do not use a damaged power cord or cables Doing so may cause an electric shock or a fire  Do not place any object on this instrument  Do not use this instrument if faulty If you suspect the instrument to be faulty, contact your local N4L office or representative for repair (see section 8) Page 7...

  • Page 9: Warranty

    36 months from the date of purchase In the unlikely event of a problem within this guarantee period, first contact Newtons4th Ltd or your local representative to give a description of the problem. Please have as much relative information to hand as possible – particularly the serial number and release number these can be found by pressing the SYSTEM button then the “Left Arrow”...

  • Page 10: Front Panel Layout Diagram

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide Front Panel Layout 1. Display Screen 2. Screen Display Function Buttons 3. Power Analyzer Mode Buttons 4. Handle 5. Measurement Control Function Keys 6. Rubber Feet 7. Menu Selection and Cursor Controls 8. Measurement Settings Buttons 9.
  • Page 11 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 3.1 PPA45xx Display Key Functions Key & Sub Categories Description Acquisition Control: Used configuring inputs ACQU appropriate to source and nature of signals being Wiring: analyzed In single phase 1 configuration, (phase 2 & phase 3) Single Phase 1 inputs are disabled and the selected phase acts as a completely independent single phase power analyzer...
  • Page 12 PPA45xx Quick User Guide In normal acquisition mode the window over which the measurements are computed is adjusted to give an integral number of cycles of the input waveform. The results from each window are passed through a Speed smoothing filter. There are 5 pre set speed options that adjust the nominal size of the window, and therefore the update rate and time constant of the filter.
  • Page 13 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Smoothing Response The smoothing response is by default set to “auto reset” where the filtering described in “smoothing” is reset in response to a significant change in data such Auto Reset as frequency, voltage and current levels. This speeds up the response of the instrument to changing conditions Auto reset can be disabled so that the filtering has a...
  • Page 14 PPA45xx Quick User Guide A parallel digital frequency filter of low-pass may be selected to filter out the HF carrier component of a PWM waveform ensuring measurements are carried Frequency Filter out on the fundamental frequency, further filter settings for PWM waveforms can be found within the APP/PWM section No frequency filter selected Switches On frequency filter (4kHz)
  • Page 15 PPA45xx Quick User Guide In a very noisy application, where the frequency of the signal is known but the instrument is unable to Frequency Lock measure the frequency even with PWM filters or low frequency mode filters applied, it is possible to manually enter the frequency to be used for analysis Utilises N4L unique signal processing techniques for Normal...
  • Page 16 PPA45xx Quick User Guide The bandwidth setting dictates the frequency range of Bandwidth the instrument. This selection sets an inline analogue filter as per the selection Wide (dc - 2MHz) Wide bandwidth will offer the full range of frequency HC Version (dc – 1MHz) components available for analysis Low bandwidth may be useful in noisy applications for example...
  • Page 17 PPA45xx Quick User Guide In signal processing, a “FILTER” is a device or process that removes from signal some unwanted Noise Filter component or feature. The noise filter is a digitally selectable in line filter which will alter the bandwidth of the processed signal Select to switch this mode off Select to switch this mode on...
  • Page 18 PPA45xx Quick User Guide RANGE Input channel options Voltage Input The internal voltage attenuator selects the 4mm Internal connections on the rear of the instrument and has a max input of 3000Vpk An External Sensor / Shunt can be connected to the instrument which will...
  • Page 19 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Current Input internal current shunt selects connections on the rear of the instrument. Max Apk is Internal dependent upon model type; LC (10A rms), Standard (30A rms) or HC (50Arms) An External Shunt can be connected to the instrument which will give the operator more versatility in selecting the Input range required.
  • Page 20 PPA45xx Quick User Guide DATALOG Interrogation and extraction of information resulting Datalog from a test log in a specified time scale and at a set speed Disabled No memory selected Instruments internal memory selected data storage, this offers the fastest performance Internal Flash Utilises 200MB internal memory USB memory stick...
  • Page 21 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Electronic lighting ballast waveforms consist of a high frequency carrier signal modulated by line frequency. instrument measures line frequency independently of input waveform frequency and synchronises the measurement period line frequency. carrier frequency Lighting Ballast measurement ignores any "dead band" around the zero crossing of the ac line to compute the actual switching frequency of the ballast.
  • Page 22 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Large power transformers operate at very low power factor (<0.01) and the phase accuracy is critical to measure the losses. Power transformer application mode sets the configuration options to the optimum Transformer Mode for phase accuracy e.g. AC+DC coupling range lock across phases.
  • Page 23 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Maths Formula Disabled No maths formula is selected (term1 + term2) / Sum of (term1 + term2) divided by sum of (term3 + (term3 + term4) term4) (term1 + term2) x Sum of (term1 + term2) multiplied by sum of (term3 (term3 / term4) ÷...
  • Page 24 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Analogue Output Disabled No analogue output Set an analogue output voltage representative of Zoom 1 zoom 1 Set an analogue output voltage representative of Zoom 2 zoom 2 Set an analogue output voltage representative of Zoom 3 zoom 3 Set an analogue output voltage representative of Zoom 4...
  • Page 25 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Select if 2 x PPA45xx units are to be used as a PPA45 Master / Slave 40/50/60 Disabled Master / Slave configuration disabled Select to set PPA45xx as master unit within Master 4 -6 phase configuration Select to set PPA45xx as slave unit within Slave 4 - 6 phase configuration...
  • Page 26 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Measurements of Phase can be expressed in one of Phase Convention three formats: -180⁰ to +180⁰ Commonly used in circuit analysis 0⁰ to -360⁰ Commonly used in power applications 0⁰ to +360⁰ Select as required Keyboard Beep Audible sound when keys are pressed Disabled Audible sound disabled...
  • Page 27 PPA45xx Quick User Guide ← System The information given in this section cannot be changed by the user Information Serial Number Instruments unique serial number Manufacturing Code Code attributed to build date of instrument Main Release Current firmware release installed in instrument DSP Release Digital Signal Processing release version FPGA Release...
  • Page 28 PPA45xx Quick User Guide PROG Memory Program Store / Recall Options Instruments internal memory utilised to store or recall Internal Flash data to/from External USB memory stick utilised to store or recall USB Memory Stick data to/from Data Program Upload or download a program Results Upload or download results Datalog...
  • Page 29 PPA45xx Quick User Guide POWER Direct button to Power Analyzer mode functions INTEG Direct button to Power Integrator mode functions HARM Direct button to Harmonic Analyzer mode functions Direct button to True RMS Voltmeter mode functions Direct button to Impedance Analyzer mode functions Direct button to Scope mode where waveforms can be viewed from measurements being taken.

  • Page 30: Rear Panel Layout Diagram

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide Rear Panel Layout 1. Voltage & Current External Analogue Inputs 2. Voltage & Current Internal Inputs 3. Mains Supply Inlet 4. Communication Ports 5. Auxiliary Ports 6. Master / Slave Connection Port Page 29...

  • Page 31: Basic Key Operation

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide Basic Key Operations This chapter is designed to help the user familiarise themselves with the instrument by setting up some basic functions 5.1 SET UP FOR POWER ON Install Equipment Installation of Equipment Plug in and turn on power Power Supply Connection 5.2 SETTING THE TIME Power Analyzer Default Screen Appears...

  • Page 32: Adjusting The Screen Brightness

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 5.3 SET THE DATE Press Flashing Red Cursor moves to Date Use Numerical keys Set Date within Flashing Box Press Enter Key Numerical Day of Month is set Press Flashing Red Cursor moves to Month Press Month Calendar Opens Press Select Month to be entered...
  • Page 33 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Now that you have familiarised yourself with the instruments keypad we can complete this section by filling in the User Data Information 5.6 USER DATA Press “SYS” Key System option screen opens Press User settings screen appears Press Red cursor moves to supervisor access Press...

  • Page 34: Wiring

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide PPA45xx Quick User Guide N4L Power Analyzers cover 1 to 3 phase applications in one instrument depending upon the model and up to 12 phases via N4L’s PPALoG software application in both low and high current models. Each phase input has wide ranging voltage and current channels which are fully isolated from each other and from ground.
  • Page 35 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Two Phase Two Wattmeter Configuration Three Phase Two Wattmeter Configuration Three Three Phase Phase Source Load Three Phase Three Wattmeter - simulated neutral configuration Three Three Phase Phase Source Load Page 34...
  • Page 36 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Three Phase Three Wattmeter – Star Connections Three Three Phase Phase Source Load To configure PPA45xx to calculate the correct phase power when the Load topology is in a Star Configuration; Access “Power Analyzer” mode either through the “Mode” or the “POWER” button as per the screenshot below: Note: There are two Star-delta options, Type A and Type B.
  • Page 37 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Three Phase Three Wattmeter– Delta Connections Three Three Phase Phase Source Load To configure PPA45xx to calculate the correct phase power when the Load topology is in a Delta Configuration; Access “Power Analyzer” mode either through the “Mode” or the “POWER” button as per the screenshot below Press 8 times until red box surrounds “conversion”...

  • Page 38: Start Up

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.2 START UP Once connected, power on instrument analyzers factory default settings from memory location 0 will be displayed as shown, Note these can be altered to your own desired settings (see the User Data section under System Options,...

  • Page 39: Zoom Functions

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.3 ZOOM FUNCTION Within the Power screen you are able to select up to 4 measurements that can be made more prominent from the rest, these can be selected and changed by the user as required To select or change any zoom measurement Action Result...
  • Page 40 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Zoom + Press Zoom+ to display the 4 selected zoomed measurements as shown Note: These will be displayed in the order they were selected Pressing Zoom+ again will display only first selected zoomed measurements as shown Press ZOOM- button to revert real time display back to all measurement parameters Page 39...

  • Page 41: Analogue Output

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.3.1 ANALOGUE (ANALOG) OUTPUT The Analogue Output BNC connector is located on the rear of the instrument. The output voltage (max ±10V) can be controlled using the ALARM functions to generate a voltage representative of Zoom 1-4 measurements or a manual level. The Voltage present at the Analogue Output can be calculated using this formula: Analogue Output = 10V x (measured –...
  • Page 42 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Press the SYS button and enable Independent Ranging. Press the COUPLING button and set Phase 2 coupling to DC. Press the ALARM button and set the “Analog output” option to ZOOM 1. Page 41...
  • Page 43 PPA45xx Quick User Guide This will display the Analogue Output settings. Enter a value of 50 for Analogue Zero. Enter a value of 52 for Analogue Full Scale. Press the HOME/ESC button to return to the Power Analyzer display. Press the ENTER / NEXT button 4 times to display all phases at the same time. Page 42...
  • Page 44 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Results Phase 1 on the PPA display indicates the Frequency and RMS voltage levels of the signal being monitored. Phase 2 indicates the voltage present on the Analogue Output connector on the rear of the PPA. Phase 3 is not used.

  • Page 45: Speed & Smoothing

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.4 SPEED AND SMOOTHING Within this section we will look at how the speed and smoothing parameters set within the Acquisition menu affect the measurement results NOTE: All measurement windows must have an integral number of cycles within it to calculate correct RMS and Harmonics Input = 50Hz Sine Wave Amplitude = 1Vpk &...
  • Page 46 PPA45xx Quick User Guide The table of results displayed are in relation to the previous graph; and we can see that the voltage step is immediately recorded after 0:01:17 The next sets of screenshots are for the same set up but with smoothing activated Selecting smoothing will take the data and apply the equivalent of a...
  • Page 47 PPA45xx Quick User Guide The resulting graph and results table with smoothing applied are displayed below; The displays above show how with smoothing applied, the data is smoothed out over the resultant timescale and displaying an intermediate value for every update window during the step between the two peak voltage values Note: each speed parameter has its own time constant for smoothing and data updates as shown in the table below...

  • Page 48: Efficiency

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.4.1 EFFICIENCY The “Efficiency” mode will compute and compare the data results from any of the configurations shown within the screenshot below To select the “Efficiency” parameter from any application mode. Access the Power Analyzer home screen and press “POWER”...

  • Page 49: Application Modes

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5 APPLICATION MODES Within this section we will look at all the different application modes selectable from within the PPA45xx APP MENU, with the aid of screenshots and instructions. To select your measurement application you will need to activate the “APP” button.

  • Page 50: Pwm Motor Drive Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.1 PWM MOTOR DRIVE MODE The nature of the waveforms produced in a PWM motor drive application makes measurement of the fundamental frequency difficult. In this section we will look at the switching and fundamental frequencies and how frequency lock and filters will allow the correct measurements to be displayed on such a complex waveform Test device: 1 x Inverter/Motor test unit (set at 65Hz)
  • Page 51 PPA45xx Quick User Guide To access PWM motor drive mode: Press “APP” button Press Red Box will surround “Mode” Press Key. This will open the drop down menu selections Press Key until red box surrounds PWM motor drive Press “ENTER” this will now set the mode Press Red Box will now surround “Default Settings”...
  • Page 52 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Setting the frequency filter: Press 2 times Frequency filter parameter will be selected Press Drop down box will open with all available frequency ranges Press arrows to select frequency filter parameter required Press “ENTER” to confirm selection By applying a 250Hz filter within PWM mode we can now see that the instrument is locking onto the fundamental frequency this is required for correct signal processing of the waveform...
  • Page 53 PPA45xx Quick User Guide By viewing the waveforms in the Oscilloscope mode we can see the switching frequency of the Voltage and a smoother sine wave Current waveform The Current waveform shows the time for 1 cycle approximately 15.40ms Therefore 1s ÷ (15.40x 64.9Hz Fundamental Frequency Frequency reference: Select from the drop down menu which waveform the fundamental frequency is...
  • Page 54 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Using the PPA4530 to measure 3 phase power with PWM drives If there is access to the neutral point (star point) of a star wired load, then accurate measurements can easily be made by connecting the measurement channels in star configuration: Three Three...
  • Page 55 PPA45xx Quick User Guide When using synthesised neutral, the elementary measurement of the voltage rms will usually be higher than that measured with a true neutral. For this case, there is a conversion option “star to delta” which accurately computes the phase to phase voltages, then derives a phase to neutral value from the computed phase to phase values.
  • Page 56 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Torque & Speed: Set the Torque and Speed parameters to measure the Mechanical Power (Nm) and Speed (RPM) via the Torque and Speed BNC connectors on the rear of the instrument Open up the torque and speed drop down box to select which type of test is to be configured Once a configuration has been selected...

  • Page 57: Lighting Ballast Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.2 LIGHTING BALLAST MODE Select Lighting Ballast mode from the Application Menu previous applications Press to default settings. Press “ENTER” to load Once selected you now have the option select frequency tracking speed and the efficiency calculation Page 56...

  • Page 58: Inrush Current Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.3 Inrush Current Mode Measurement of inrush current (surge) requires very fast sampling to catch the highest instantaneous value. Measurements must be made under conditions of manual ranging and with the voltage applied to the instrument. Then when the load is switched on the highest peak value can be detected.
  • Page 59 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Press 2 times until the red box surrounds “auxiliary device” parameter Press select the auxiliary device to be “none” and press “ENTER” Setting the range parameter This is best configured if the user has prior knowledge of the peak current measurement expected from the DUT.
  • Page 60 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Upon completion of the speed and smoothing settings press the arrow to take you to the advanced settings screen. If undertaking cycle by cycle measurements on the input signal then frequency lock “Dynamic” Setting Peak Measurement Parameters If required you can display the Peak+ and Peak- measurements within the RMS Voltmeter mode screen These parameters can be configured within the True RMS Voltmeter mode button...
  • Page 61 PPA45xx Quick User Guide For this demonstration we selected “separate unfiltered” this then gave us the unfiltered Peak + and Peak – measurement parameters displayed earlier for both Voltage and Current Data logging to Internal Memory Set the Datalog to be performed to the internal RAM memory this will offer the user the fastest performance Set the interval time to 0.00s to enable...
  • Page 62 PPA45xx Quick User Guide DataLog Results From the Real Time display the surge measurement at the moment the DUT switched recorded 2.742A Pressing the “TABLE” button will now display all the data points taken from the associated DataLog and you will notice that Inrush...
  • Page 63 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Upon completion you are now able to save / recall or delete your test results taken from your DataLog within the “ PROG” mode button Transferring the Datalog from the RAM memory onto a USB memory stick will allow the user to export the .txt file into an .xls file if desired;...
  • Page 64 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Switch Phase Offset: Press Switch Phase Offset parameter will be selected (controls the switch on of the power to the DUT from 0 ⁰ to 315⁰ in steps of 45⁰) Press Drop down box will open with all available angular ranges Press arrows to select angular...

  • Page 65: Transformer Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.4 Transformer Mode (Single Phase) The Transformer mode in the PPA is ideal for both single phase and three phase transformer analysis, we will first describe general operation with a single phase device and then move on to describe three phase measurements. For both single and three phase the Corrected power (Pcorr) and K-factor values are displayed in the results window.
  • Page 66 PPA45xx Quick User Guide You are now required to set the wiring configuration for the transformer. Press “ACQU” button which will bring up the “ACQUISITION CONTROL” screen. Press the down arrow once so the red box flashes around the wiring selection; press the right arrow to open up the drop down menu as seen within the screenshot below Use the up and down arrows to...
  • Page 67 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Viewing the data (Green Box) the phase angle of the fundamental is shown as 78.90⁰. A perfect transformer would display a phase angle of 90⁰. From this data we can confirm that there must be parasitic elements within the makeup of the transformer causing these results, such as a series resistance.
  • Page 68 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Within the measurement screen the display shows that with “NO” load connected the transformer is consuming 5.15W of power at a Frequency of 50Hz. If you now press the “IMP” button you will enter the Impedance Meter screen, within this application mode you will be able to view all the individual data values collected that make up the total Impedance measurement attributed to the DUT.
  • Page 69 PPA45xx Quick User Guide view total Impedance calculated you will need to change the display screen back from “Auto” to “Impedance” as shown Transformer Mode (Three Phase) When performing analysis of a 3 Phase load, transformer mode is extremely useful. The PPA will display phase balance information in an intuitive manner without the requirement for a vector display, this has the advantage of maintaining 5 digit resolution which is not possible whilst attempting to visually interpret phase balance on a conventional vector display.
  • Page 70 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Pcorr (Corrected Power) and K factor values are also displayed in Three Phase Transformer mode. The calculated values for Pcorr and K factor are displayed for each phase; this can be seen in the Orange box below: On the SUM screen the displayed Pcorr value is the sum of the Pcorr values for each of the three phases.

  • Page 71: Standby Power Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.5 STANDBY POWER MODE Power Standby mode will show all power measurements from a device which is in standby mode To access standby mode: Press “APP” button Press button Press button. This will open the drop down menu selections Press 5 times until red box...
  • Page 72 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Test device: 1 x Stand alone Heater Accessories: 1 x Break Out Box The real time display shows a screenshot from the Power Analyzer home screen with the test device in standby mode Reverting to the “RMS” screen you can see all the subsequent voltage measurements from each phase associated with the test unit in...
  • Page 73 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Left is a display taken from the power integrator screen “INTEG”, displaying a 1 minute integration of the power being consumed Press “SCOPE” button to view the Voltage and Current waveforms being produced device under test. Page 72...

  • Page 74: Calibration Mode

    Calibration Mode is to be used in combination with N4LCal (N4L Calibration software) which facilitates performing manual calibration with an external source. This software is supplied with a detailed manual describing the calibration process, for more information contact N4L on the following email; support@newtons4th.com Page 73...

  • Page 75: Oscilloscope Mode

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.7 OSCILLOSCOPE MODE The PPA45xx provides a digital storage oscilloscope function in order to view the waveforms being measured. The settings for the oscilloscope are configured by pressing the “SCOPE” button twice Upon entering the “SCOPE” menu, the following screenshot will be displayed Timebase: The display for the oscilloscope is divided into 10 divisions along the time axis with the selected timebase displayed in the bottom left hand corner of...
  • Page 76 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Trigger Mode: The trigger mode may be set to be; Auto (trigger if possible but do not wait) Normal (wait indefinitely for trigger) Single shot (wait for trigger then hold) The single shot option is reset using the “TRIGGER” key Trigger Polarity: The trigger polarity may be set to rising edge or falling edge Trigger HF Reject:...
  • Page 77 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Screenshot from Scope display with “Dual” cursors configured From the screenshot above the display shows all fundamental measurements from the position of cursor 1. Also displayed is the time difference between the 2 cursors, “delta t” = 26.00ms with the timebase set to 10ms/div Trace: Set which waveform the user wishes to be displayed at any one time from the 4 options within the drop down menu...
  • Page 78 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Trace set to Voltage: Trace set to Current: Trace set to Dual: Trace set to Together: Page 77...

  • Page 79: Interharmonic Sweeps

    Interharmonic voltages and currents can be measured and displayed in an Excel report using PPA Datalogger software. Connect the PPA4500 to the PPA Datalogger software. Version v3.1b and above can be used but v3.2e is recommended. Set up the software according to the following steps: Step 1.
  • Page 80 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Step 2. Enter the Harmonics mode and select; Computation: Interharmonic Sweep Step 3. Frequency Step: Enter the required frequency Selected Harmonic: Enter the harmonic Harmonic Series Up To: Enter the number of harmonics to be included in the sweep.
  • Page 81 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Step 4. Click the “Set up PPA” button Step 5. Click the “Start” button Page 80...
  • Page 82 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Step 6. Wait for test to complete (depends on the PPA speed setting and the number of harmonics included in the sweep) The software will display a message: “Waiting for Results” Depending on the settings selected, a flashing message may be displayed on the PPA: “Sweep Running”...
  • Page 83 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Step 7. On completion of the tests the software will start to download the results from the instrument. The message is updated once the results have been downloaded. Page 82...
  • Page 84 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Step 8. An Excel results document can be created by clicking on the Export button in the software. Note: Rather than performing steps 1-4 above the settings can instead be entered on the PPA. Press the ACQU button and entered the required speed setting. Press the MODE button and select Harmonic Analyzer mode and Interharmonic sweep.
  • Page 85 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.9 HF Current Shunts External current shunts can be used as an alternative to the instruments internal shunt as a fixed value Impedance circuit. Note do not use both shunts together Test equipment for demonstration: 1 x Inverter/Motor test unit (single phase) 1 x HF 003 Current Shunt (shunt resistance = 470mΩ) Wiring Configuration: Connect BNC safety lead between the “A EXT”...
  • Page 86 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Set up PPA to read the external current shunt: Press “RANGE” button Press arrow until black box surrounds the current input parameter Press arrow and select “external shunt” Press “ENTER”, external shunt will now be selected Press arrow until black box surrounds the shunt parameter Manually input the shunt resistance value...
  • Page 87 PPA45xx Quick User Guide HF100, HF200 and HF500 Current Shunts Connection to these instruments is made via a stud and bolt and great care must be taken when connecting heavy duty ring terminals to the appropriately sized stud or alternatively, to an “L” bracket on the HF500 shunt. It is essential that 2 correctly sized spanners are used at all times (see table below) so that adequate torque can be applied to the bolt without transferring excessive turning force to the stud...
  • Page 88 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Rogowski Coil Set the range value of the PPA45xx to the selected channel the Rogowski Coil is connected to, Input correct shunt value corresponding to the switch value on the Rogowski Transducer The shunt value is set to 2mΩ to reflect the switch position being set to 1KA (2mV per A) and a scale factor of 1:1 We set 2mΩ...
  • Page 89 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 15 Way Connector WR5000 Wideband Rogowski Transducer Fault 5KA (0.4mv/a) 1KA (2.0mv/a) DC Input BNC – BNC safety lead *WARNING: Remember to connect either the Internal or External shunt only to the PPA45xx* Page 88...
  • Page 90 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Connect up the Rogowski Coil as shown, wrap the clear plastic tube around the conductor and slot into the “T”piece connector, tighten the connector nut to secure the lead into position A single coil wrapped around the conductor will result in voltage measurement equal to the 2mV/A detail on the WR5000 as set on previous page If the coil is double wrapped around the conductor then the voltage value will double accordingly...

  • Page 91: Lem6 3-6 Channel Interface

    PPA45xx Quick User Guide 6.5.10 LEM 6 3-6 Channel Interface Connection Diagram The N4L LEM-6 Interface serves as a high accuracy, highly stable interfacing unit allowing simple "plug and play" connection of any N4L PPA to the LEM current transducers listed in table 1. The LEM-6 supplies the LEM transducer with a highly stable isolated supply voltage;...
  • Page 92 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Table 1 Model Number Current Rating Conversion Factor IT60-S 60Apk 42Arms IT65-S 85Apk 60Arms IT200-S 200Apk 141Arms 1000 IT205-S 283Apk 200Arms 1000 IT400-S 400Apk 282Arms 2000 IT405-S 566Apk 400Arms 1500 IT700-S 700Apk 495Arms 1750 ITN600-S 600Apk 424Arms 1500 IT605-S...
  • Page 93 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Pressing the RANGE key to display the RANGING menu will confirm that the external system scaling has been selected in the AUX menu. The Scale factor and the nominal shunt value will be displayed in green text. The screenshot below shows the settings for Phase 1.
  • Page 94 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Remote Settings The Remote Settings menu provides an interface for the user to set the method of connection and the ability to configure the ports as required Resolution The default resolution setting for the PPA45xx is “Normal” this will set the Data Resolution to 5 decimal points plus exponent...
  • Page 95 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Selection is made via the interface parameter within the remote settings Selecting RS232 will then open up the “Baud Rate” option. Select applicable data speed rate from the 4 options given in the drop down menu (Default Setting is 19200) To use a USB lead to connect, set the interface parameter to read “USB”...
  • Page 96 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Configuring the instruments interface to GPIB will automatically set the IEEE address to 23 this can be changed within address parameter in the range 0 to 30 total possible addresses available) Recall with Program The recall with program parameter will allow Comms...
  • Page 97 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Transferring Internal Datalogs to USB memory stick The following section explains the procedure for storing a datalog to internal memory and exporting the data to a USB memory Stick 1. Setup Datalog (DATALOG MENU) 2. Press START to commence Datalog Page 96...
  • Page 98 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 3. Store Datalog to Internal memory 4. Store Datalog to External USB Memory Stick 5. Locate file on memory stick, the file format will have a .txt extension D001 represents “location 1” as specified above. 6. NOTE: Data presented within the .txt file for time will be displayed as a fraction of an hour, to convert this data back into real time the user will need to multiply the data by 3600 (seconds within an hour) Page 97...
  • Page 99 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 7.1.1 Data logging to USB memory stick 1. Setup Datalog (DATALOG MENU) 2. Press START to commence Datalog 3. Press STOP to terminate Datalog, results will now be stored upon USB memory stick Page 98...
  • Page 100 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 4. Locate file on memory stick, the file format will have a .N4L extension and save to a location on your PC PPA_D001.N4L 5. Converting the .N4L to a .txt file will require the user to download free of charge from the N4L website;...
  • Page 101 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Program Store / Recall / Delete The following section explains the procedure for storing / recalling or deleting a program to or from the instruments internal memory or USB memory Stick 1. Press “PROG” button to open up program store / recall mode 2.
  • Page 102 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 3. Select which data type you require to be actioned from the list shown 4. Select the action to be taken in association with the data selected Page 101...
  • Page 103 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 5. Select the location that the associated action is to be recalled from, stored to or deleted from, there are 999 locations available NOTE: Location 0 = FACTORY DEFAULT and cannot be changed Location 1 = Upon start up should any program be stored within program 1 then the PPA will automatically recall this program 6.
  • Page 104 PPA45xx Quick User Guide 7. Upon implementing any of the above actions then remember to scroll down to “EXECUTE” and press “ENTER” to validate your selection / action Page 103...
  • Page 105 In the event of any problem with the instrument, during or outside of the guarantee period, contact your local representative Newtons4th Ltd offer a full repair and re-calibration service It is recommended that the instrument be re-calibrated annually Contact details: 1.
  • Page 106 PPA45xx Quick User Guide PPA45xx / PPA55xx. GUIDE FOR TESTING THE BASIC FUNCTIONALITY OF THE INSTRUMENT. This document provides instructions on how to test the basic functionality of your Precision Power Analyzer in order to ensure it has a basic level of functionality; this should be used as a pre cursor to any further fault investigations.
  • Page 107 PPA45xx Quick User Guide RESETTING THE PPA TO FACTORY DEFAULT MODE. This will clear any user defined programs that might be stored in the PPA and recalled when the instrument is switched on. Program 1 is recalled when the PPA is restarted..
  • Page 108 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Coupling. Press “COUPLING” button Press Key until Red Box surrounds the “Coupling” options Use the buttons to select “ac+dc” from the drop down list. Press Key until Red Box surrounds the “Bandwidth” options Use the buttons to select “wide (dc-2MHz)”...
  • Page 109 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Press Key until Red Box surrounds the “attenuator” options Type in an attenuator setting of 1.0000:1 Press Key until Red Box surrounds the “Current input” options Use the buttons to select “external shunt” from the list. Press Key until Red Box surrounds the “shunt”...
  • Page 110 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Connecting up the PPA to a signal Generator A signal generator is required to provide a 1.41V PK (1.00Vrms) 50Hz sine wave, if the signal generator expects a 50Ohm load impedance then an output voltage of 0.707V (0.5Vrms) should be used.
  • Page 111 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Connection diagram for the functionality checks of the External BNC inputs. Page 110...
  • Page 112 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Screenshots of PPA Display when making “external” measurements. Oscilloscope Mode The above screenshots of the scope mode display current and voltage for all 3 phase inputs. Use the ENTER/NEXT button to scroll through the various oscilloscope displays.
  • Page 113 PPA45xx Quick User Guide True RMS Voltmeter Mode These screenshots are of the instrument in True RMS Voltmeter mode. The one on the left is displaying the voltage results for all 3 phases whilst the one on the right is displaying current for all 3 phase inputs. These allow comparisons of current and voltage readings between the 3 phases.
  • Page 114 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Power Analyzer Mode The above screenshots are of the instrument in Power Analyzer mode. The screenshot on the left is displaying the results for all 3 phase inputs. The screenshot on the right is the results for phase 1 only. Comparison of current, power and voltage can be made on all 3 phases and it is also possible to check that the instrument has detected the correct frequency.
  • Page 115 PPA45xx Quick User Guide These screenshots show the instrument in Harmonic Analyzer mode with a square wave input. Comparisons can be made of Current, Power, Voltage and Total Harmonic Distortion on all 3 phases. When looking at a single channel it is also possible to check the frequency of the signal.
  • Page 116 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Setting up PPA for “internal” measurements. The set up procedure for internal measurements is very similar to that above for external measurements. The only difference is in the configuration of the Ranging settings. Ranging should be set up as follows: Press “RANGE”...
  • Page 117 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Connecting up the PPA for “internal” measurements. The breakout box is connected to a mains supply. A load is connected to the breakout box to produce a current for the PPA to monitor. The PPA is used to monitor the voltage and current on the connections of the breakout box.
  • Page 118 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Connection diagram for the functionality checks of the Internal 4mm sockets inputs. Page 117...
  • Page 119 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Screenshots of PPA Display when making “internal” measurements. The following screenshot examples were taken with the PPA set up for internal measurements. For full descriptions for each of the PPA modes please refer to the “external” measurements section. Oscilloscope Mode Page 118...
  • Page 120 PPA45xx Quick User Guide True RMS Voltmeter Mode Power Analyzer Mode Page 119...
  • Page 121 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Harmonic Analyzer Mode Harmonic verification Verify that Vthd is nominally the same across all phases inputs, as a reference signal (such as a squared wave) is not being used we cannot verify individual harmonic magnitudes. This is not a problem as we have already verified this with the external inputs Page 120...
  • Page 122 Incorrect frequency detection Incorrect Harmonic magnitude Possible damage to analogue input internal input circuitry Incorrect frequency detection If you find any of the faults described above, please contact Newtons4th Ltd or alternatively your local distribution office. Email: support@newtons4th.com Page 121...
  • Page 123 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Specifications Frequency Range LC & Standard Version DC and 10mHz to 2MHz HC Version DC and 10mHz to 1MHz Frequency Accuracy 0.001% Voltage Input Internal Input: 1Vpk to 3000Vpk (1000Vrms) in 8 ranges Ranges 20% over-range ability maintains 300Vpk range with 240Vrms 0.03% Rdg + 0.04% Rng + (0.004% x kHz) + 5mV Accuracy...
  • Page 124 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Phase Accuracy: LC & Standard Version 0.005deg + (0.01deg x kHz) HC Version 0.01deg + (0.02deg x kHz) Power Accuracy: [0.04% + 0.05%/pf +(0.01% x kHz)/pf] Rdg + 0.04%VA Rng [0.03% + 0.04%/pf +(0.01% x kHz)/pf] Rdg + 40-850Hz 0.03%VA Rng DC Accuracy...
  • Page 125 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Common Mode Rejection Total Common Mode and Noise effect on current channels Applied 250V @ 50Hz – Typical 1mA (150dB) Applied 100V @ 100kHz – Typical 3mA (130dB) Torque and Speed Analogue Accuracy Range: +/- 10V Analogue Bipolar Accuracy: 0.05% Rdg + 0.05% Rng Torque and...
  • Page 126 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Ports RS232 Baud rate to 38400 – RTS/CTS flow control 10/100 base-T Ethernet auto sensing RJ45 GPIB ( Optional) IEEE488.2 compatible USB device – 2.0 and 1.1 compatible Analogue Bipolar +/- 10V Speed BNC bipolar +/- 10V or pulse count Torque BNC bipolar +/- 10V or pulse count Sync...
  • Page 127 PPA45xx Quick User Guide Comparisons Model PPA15xx PPA45xx PPA55xx Item USB Port on front Colour Display Speed and Torque Standard USB, LAN Ports GPIB - Standard IEC61000 Standard Current Options 20, 30 10,30,50 10,30,50 Bandwidth 1MHz 2MHz 2MHz V&I Accuracy 0.05 + 0.1 0.03 + 0.04 0.01 + 0.038...

This manual is also suitable for:

Ppa45 seriesPpa4510Ppa4520Ppa4530

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