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Digi DigiMesh XBee Manual

2.4 oem rf modules
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XBee®/XBee-PRO® DigiMesh™ 2.4 OEM RF Modules
XBee® DigiMesh 2.4 OEM RF Modules
RF Module Operation
RF Module Configuration
OEM RF Modules by Digi International
Firmware version:
8x0x XBee DigiMesh 2.4
Digi International Inc.
11001 Bren Road East
Minnetonka, MN 55343
877 912-3444 or 952 912-3444
http://www.digi.com
90000991_A
9/12/2008

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  • Page 1 XBee®/XBee-PRO® DigiMesh™ 2.4 OEM RF Modules XBee® DigiMesh 2.4 OEM RF Modules RF Module Operation RF Module Configuration OEM RF Modules by Digi International Firmware version: 8x0x XBee DigiMesh 2.4 Digi International Inc. 11001 Bren Road East Minnetonka, MN 55343 877 912-3444 or 952 912-3444 http://www.digi.com...
  • Page 2 XBee/XBee‐PRO DigiMesh 2.4 OEM RF Modules. © 2008 Digi International, Inc. All rights reserved No part of the contents of this manual may be transmitted or reproduced in any  form or by any means without the written permission of Digi International, Inc. XBee®/XBee‐PRO® and DigiMesh are trademarks or registered trademarks of  Digi International, Inc. Technical Support:  Phone: (801) 765‐9885 Live Chat: www.digi.com Online support: http://www.digi.com/support/eservice/eservicelogin.jsp    © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      2...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Appendix A: Definitions 34 Appendix B: Agency Certifications 35 United States (FCC) 35 OEM Labeling Requirements 35 FCC Notices 35 FCC-Approved Antennas (2.4 GHz) 35 Europe (ETSI) 38 OEM Labeling Requirements 38 Restrictions 38 Declarations of Conformity 38 Approved Antennas 39  © 2008 Digi Internaitonal, Inc.      3...

  • Page 4: Modules

    ISM (Industrial, Scientific & Medical) 2.4 GHz frequency band Manufactured under ISO 9001:2000 registered standards XBee®/XBee-PRO RF Modules aare optimized for use in the United States, Canada, Australia, Israel, Japan, and Europe. Contact Digi for complete list of government agency approvals. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      4...

  • Page 5: Specifications

    OUR-XBEE OUR-XBEEPRO Industry Canada (IC) 4214A XBEE 4214A XBEEPRO Europe (CE) ETSI ETSI (Max. 10 dBm transmit power output)* R201WW08215111 (Max. 10 dBm transmit power Japan R201WW07215214 output)** Austraila C-Tick C-Tick *When operating in Europe, XBee‐PRO DigiMesh 2.4 modules must operate at or below a transmit power output level of 10dBm Customers have two choices for transmitting at or below 10dBm: a. Order the standard XBee‐PRO module and change the PL command to ʺ0ʺ (10dBm). b. Order the International variant of the XBee‐PRO module, which has a maximum transmit output power of 10dBm (@ PL=4). Additionally, European regulations stipulate an EIRP power maximum of 12.86 dBm (19 mW) for the XBee‐PRO and 12.11 dBm  for the XBee when integrating antennas. **When operating in Japan, only the International variant of the XBee‐PRO DigiMesh 2.4 module is approved for use. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      5...

  • Page 6: Mechanical Drawings

    • Surface-mount double-row receptacles - Century Interconnect P/N: CPRMSL20-D-0-1 (or equivalent) • Surface-mount single-row receptacles - Samtec P/N: SMM-110-02-SM-S Digi also recommends printing an outline of the module on the board to indicate the orientation the module should be mounted. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      6...

  • Page 7: Pin Signals

    • Signal Direction is specified with respect to the module • Module includes a 50k Ω pull-up resistor attached to RESET • Several of the input pull-ups can be configured using the PR command • Unused pins should be left disconnected © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      7...

  • Page 8: Electrical Characteristics

    REFH 4. The resolution is the ideal step size or 1LSB = (V –V )/1024 REFH REFL 5. Differential non‐linearity is the difference between the current code width and the ideal code width (1LSB). The current  code width is the difference in the transition voltages to and from the current code. 6. Integral non‐linearity is the difference between the transition voltage to the current code and the adjusted ideal transition  voltage for the current code. The adjusted ideal transition voltage is (Current Code–1/2)*(1/((V )–(V ))). REFH REFL 7. Zero‐scale error is the difference between the transition to the first valid code and the ideal transition to that code. The  Ideal transition voltage to a given code is (Code–1/2)*(1/(V –V REFH REFL 8. Full‐scale error is the difference between the transition to the last valid code and the ideal transition to that code. The ideal  transition voltage to a given code is (Code–1/2)*(1/(V –V REFH REFL 9. Input leakage error is error due to input leakage across the real portion of the impedance of the network driving the analog  pin. Reducing the impedance of the network reduces this error. 10. Total unadjusted error is the difference between the transition voltage to the current code and the ideal straight‐line trans‐ fer function. This measure of error includes inherent quantization error (1/2LSB) and circuit error (differential, integral, zero‐ scale, and full‐scale) error. The specified value of E  assumes zero E  (no leakage or zero real source impedance). © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      8...

  • Page 9: 2. Rf Module Operation

    Through its serial port, the module can communicate with any logic and voltage compatible UART; or through a level translator to any serial device (For example: Through a Digi proprietary RS-232 or USB interface board). UART Data Flow Devices that have a UART interface can connect directly to the pins of the RF module as shown in the figure below.

  • Page 10: Serial Flow Control

    If CTS flow control is enabled (D7 command), when the serial receive buffer is is filled with FT bytes, the module de-asserts CTS (sets it high) to signal to the host device to stop sending serial data. CTS is re-asserted when less than FT - 16 bytes are in the UART receive buffer. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      10...

  • Page 11: Api Operation

    The API operation option facilitates many operations such as the examples cited below: ->Transmitting data to multiple destinations without entering Command Mode ->Receive success/failure status of each transmitted RF packet ->Identify the source address of each received packet To implement API operations, refer to the API Operation chapter 6. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      11...

  • Page 12: Modes Of Operation

    See Data Transmission and Routing in chapter 3 for more information. Receive Mode If a valid RF packet is received, the data is transferred to the serial transmit buffer © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      12...

  • Page 13: Command Mode

    For an example of programming the RF module using AT Commands and descriptions of each config- urable parameter, refer to the "Command Reference Tables" chapter. Sleep Mode Sleep mode allows the module to enter a low power state. See chapter 3 for more information. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      13...

  • Page 14: 3.  Xbee/Xbee-Pro® Digimesh 2.4

    (See NN parameter for details on changing this random delay time.) Sending frequent broadcast transmissions can quickly reduce the available network bandwidth and as such should be used sparingly. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      14...

  • Page 15: Routing

    An unsynched sleeping node, newly powered, will wake and poll for a synch message and then return to sleep, repeating the cycle until it becomes synched by receiving a synch message. Once synched, the node will wake to exchange messages for the programmed time interval and then return to sleep. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      15...

  • Page 16: Operation

    The commands for programming sleep time intervals are • SP - sleep time • ST - wake time. Starting a Sleeping Network By default, all new nodes operate in normal mode. To start a sleeping network, follow these steps: © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      16...
  • Page 17 The new sleeping node will adjust its configuration to match the synch message's contents, and a cycle later will wake in synch with the rest of the sleeping network. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      17...
  • Page 18 The sleep coordinator node will receive the request and transmit a special unicast synch response. The sleeping node will return to sleep and wake again in synch with the rest of the network. 3. Power down and store away the normal node for safe keeping. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      18...

  • Page 19: 4.  Digimesh 2.4 Command Reference Tables

    111,111 and 250,000 respectively. Packetization Timeout. Set/Read number of character times of inter-character silence 0 - 0xFF required before packetization. Set (RO=0) to transmit characters as they arrive instead of [x character times] buffering them into one RF packet. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      19...
  • Page 20 4 = Digital output low 5 = Digital output high RSSI PWM Timer. Time RSSI signal will be output after last transmission. When RP = 2032 3.2 0 - 0xFF [x 100 ms] 0xFF, output will always be on. seconds) © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      20...
  • Page 21 Good packets Read the number of good frames with valid MAC headers that are received on the RF interface. When the value reaches 0xffff, it stays there. RSSI for channel Reads the DBM level of the designated channel. 0 to 11 © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      21...
  • Page 22 If there is no response from a module within (NT * 100) milliseconds or a parameter is not specified (left blank), the command is terminated and an “ERROR” message is returned. In the case of an ERROR, Command Mode is not exited. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      22...
  • Page 23 Mesh Network Retries Set or read the maximum number of network packet delivery attempts. If MR is non-zero, packets sent will request a network acknowledgement, and 0 to 7 can be resent up to NR+1 times if no acknowledgements are received.] © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      23...

  • Page 24: 5.  Api Operation

    Escape characters. When sending or receiving a UART data frame, specific data values must be escaped (flagged) so they do not interfere with the data frame sequencing. To escape an interfering data byte, insert 0x7D and follow it with the byte to be escaped XOR’d with 0x20. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      24...

  • Page 25: Api Frames

    AT Command - Queue 0x09 Parameter Value 0x88 AT Command Response 0x17 Remote Command Request Remote Command 0x97 Response Transmit 0x10 Request Explicit Addressing 0x11 Command Frame Transmit 0x8B Status Receive 0x90 Packet (AO=0) Explicit Rx 0x91 Indicator (AO=1) © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      25...
  • Page 26 0 = H a rd w a re re s e t 1 = W a tc h d o g tim e r re s e t 2 = A s s o c ia te d © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      26...
  • Page 27 If present, indicates the requested parameter correlate with a subsequent ACK (acknowledgement). ASCII characters that value to set the given register. If set to ‘0’, no response is sent. identify the AT Command. If no characters present, register is queried. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      27...
  • Page 28 MSB first, before changes will take effect.) register. If no characters present, LSB last. Broadcast = All other bits must be set to 0. the register is queried. 0x000000000000FFFF. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      28...
  • Page 29 AT command Request the remote is responding to. AT Command request unknown. Status (byte 18) 0 = OK 1 = Error 2 = Invalid Command 3 = Invalid Parameter Command Data (byte 19-n) The value of the requested register. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      29...
  • Page 30 All other bits must be set to 0. Setting Frame ID to ‘0' will disable response Address is not known frame. Broadcast Radius (byte 16) 64-bit Address (bytes 6-13) MSB first, LSB last. Set to 0 Broadcast = 0x000000000000FFFF © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      30...
  • Page 31 0x08 - Send multicast transmission (unicast Source endpoint for the transmission . sent if not set ). All other bits must be set to 0. RF Data (byte 24-n) Destination endpoint (byte 17) Destination endpoint for the Up to 72 bytes transmission. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      31...
  • Page 32 (Byte 15) (Byte(s) 16-n) 0x01 - Packet Acknowledged MSB (most significant byte) first, MSB (most significant byte) first, 0x02 - Packet was a Up to 72 Bytes per packet LSB (least significant) last LSB (least significant) last broadcast packet © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      32...
  • Page 33 Source endpoint (byte 15) 0x02 – Packet was a broadcast packet Endpoint of the source that initiated the transmission RF data (byte 22-n) Destination endpoint (byte 16) Up to 72 bytes. Endpoint of the destination the message is addressed to. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      33...

  • Page 34: Appendix A: Definitions

    Routing Table. It is based on the AODV (Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing) protocol. Sleep coordinator Node used to send synch messages in a cyclic sleeping network. Synch message A transmission used in a cyclic sleeping network to maintain syn- chronization. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      34...

  • Page 35: Appendix B: Agency Certifications

    (as per FCC section 2.1091). Modifica- tions not expressly approved by Digi could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. IMPORTANT: OEMs must test final product to comply with unintentional radiators (FCC section 15.107 &...
  • Page 36 (Cable-loss IS required when using antennas listed in the second table below. The antennas in the tables below have been approved for use with the XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 RF module. Digi does not carry all of these antenna variants. Contact Digi Sales for available antennas. Antennas approved for use with the XBee/XBee‐PRO DigiMesh 2.4  RF Modules (Cable‐loss is not required.)    ...
  • Page 37 To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The antenna used for this transmitter must not be co-located in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. The preceding statement must be included as a CAUTION statement in OEM product manuals in order to alert users of FCC RF Exposure compliance. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      37...

  • Page 38: Europe (Etsi)

    OEM product incorporating the XBee/XBee-PRO DigiMesh 2.4 RF Module, contact MaxStream, or refer to the following web sites: CEPT ERC 70-03E - Technical Requirements, European restrictions and general requirements: Available at www.ero.dk/. R&TTE Directive - Equipment requirements, placement on market: Available at www.ero.dk/. © 2008 Digi International, Inc.      38...

  • Page 39: Canada (Ic)

    International variant) The following antennas have been tested and approved for use with the embedded XBee-PRO RF Module: • Dipole (2.1 dBi, Omni-directional, Articulated RPSMA, Digi part number A24-HABSM) • Chip Antenna (-1.5 dBi) • Attached Monopole Whip (1.5 dBi) The RF modem encasement was designed to accommodate the RPSMA antenna option.

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