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E X P E R I M E N T M A N U A L
Warning.
Not suitable for children under 8 years. For use under adult supervision.
Contains some chemicals which present a hazard to health. Read the
instructions before use, follow them and keep them for reference. Do
not allow chemicals to come into contact with any part of the body,
particularly the mouth and eyes. Keep small children and animals away
from experiments. Keep the experimental set out of reach of children
under 8 years old.
WARNING
if misused. Read cautions on individual containers and in manual carefully. Not
to be used by children except under adult supervision.
Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, 70184 Stuttgart, Germany | +49 (0) 711 2191-0 | www.kosmos.de
Thames & Kosmos, 89 Ship St., Providence, RI, 02903, USA | 1-800-587-2872 | www.thamesandkosmos.com
Thames & Kosmos UK LP, 20 Stone Street, Cranbrook, Kent, TN17 3HE , UK | 01580 713000 | www.thamesandkosmos.co.uk
— This set contains chemicals and/or parts that may be harmful
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Summary of Contents for Thames & Kosmos Crystal Nightlight
- Page 1 E X P E R I M E N T M A N U A L Warning. Not suitable for children under 8 years. For use under adult supervision. Contains some chemicals which present a hazard to health. Read the instructions before use, follow them and keep them for reference.
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Page 2: Safety Information
Safety information WARNING. Not suitable for children under 3 years. Choking hazard — small parts may be swallowed or inhaled. Keep the packaging and instructions as they contain important information. First aid information Poison control Advice in case any accidents should Poison Control Centers (United States) happen during experimentation. - Page 3 We hope you and your child have a lot F. The area surrounding the of fun growing your crystal nightlight! experiment should be kept clear of any 550009-02-100518...
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Page 4: Safety Rules
Safety rules Read this before starting any experiments Read these instructions before use, aid advice (inside front cover of this follow them and keep them for reference. manual) and contact a doctor if necessary. Keep young children and animals away Never work alone. - Page 5 Advice for growing crystals safely To open the crystal salt packet, cut Cleanliness is especially important the packet open at one corner with in chemistry. So always clean up any a pair of scissors. Never use your used containers and your workplace teeth.
- Page 6 Notes on experimenting with batteries • Warning. Only for use by children • Non-rechargeable batteries are not aged 8 years and older. Instructions to be recharged. They could explode! for parents or other supervising adults are included and have to •...
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Page 7: Kit Contents
KIT CONTENTS Die-cut black cardboard Double contact latch Plastic base with lid Switch with eyelet and Transparent plastic cone contact latch Color-changing LED Potassium aluminium sulfate Contact springs (2) powder (alum), 50 g (2) Black screws (2) Measuring cup, 100 ml Silver screws (2) Wooden spatulas (2) Black wire with eyelet and... - Page 8 THE CRYSTAL TAKES SHAPE TIP! Growing starter Use a pencil or a ball-point pen to write crystals “alum solution” on a narrow strip of paper or label, then tape the paper to the glass jar. If you use self-adhesive You will need: labels, cover them with One packet of alum, measuring cup, cellophane tape.
- Page 9 TIP! If all of the alum did not dissolve, take the jar out of the pot with the pot holder and reheat the water on the stove. Bring the pot back to the experiment area and heat the liquid in the jar once again.
- Page 10 Preparing the plastic cone You will need: TIP! Transparent plastic cone, dry crystals Have a friend hold the plastic cone from Experiment 1, sturdy string, while you tie the knot. scissors, ruler, all-purpose glue, tweezers Here’s how: Cut two pieces of string, each about 20 cm in length.
- Page 11 Growing a single crystal 150 ml Water 50 g You will need: Alum Spatula Transparent plastic cone with crystals from Experiment 2, jar of alum solution from Experiment 1, 1 packet of alum, measuring cup, 2 wooden spatulas, water, old pot and hot pad, pot holder, paper towels, piece of cardboard Here’s how:...
- Page 12 WHAT IS SALT, REALLY? A salt consists of several chemical elements. For example, ordinary table salt consists of the elements sodium and chlorine. That’s why chemists call it sodium chloride. All salts form crystals. In a table salt crystal, the small sodium and chloride particles are always arranged in a specific, orderly pattern.
- Page 13 WHAT ELEMENTS DOES ALUM CONSIST OF? A salt can also consist of more than two elements. Alum consists of potassium, aluminium, and sulfur — hence its chemical name, potassium aluminium sulfate. It also contains oxygen and hydrogen. Compared to table salt, an alum crystal lattice looks pretty complicated, doesn’t it? Alum crystals WHAT HAPPENS WHEN...
- Page 14 GET YOUR CRYSTAL GLOWING Let the LED shine! You will need: Plastic pouch with base and small pieces, small Phillips-head screwdriver, two 1.5-volt batteries of type AAA/LR03 Here’s how: From the inside, push the switch through the small rectangular opening in the edge of the base .
- Page 15 On the inside, carefully (!) bend the two terminals (“legs”) of the LED a little to the left and right, and clamp them more or less in From above the center of the two contact springs. Then, place the springs over the two attachments with the eyelets in such a way that the LED terminals sit in the...
- Page 16 Assemble your crystal nightlight and display box You will need: Die-cut figure, your base with LED, your fully dried crystal, all-purpose glue Here’s how: Lower your crystal over the LED and insert the little feet of the plastic cone into the two square holes.
- Page 17 HOW IS AN LED MADE? The transparent plastic dome protects the components inside the LED. The round shape distributes the light well. A thin connection wire, also called a bondwire, connects the crystal (4) to the positive terminal. Some LEDs also have another wire leading to the negative terminal, while others have the crystal mounted directly on the negative terminal.
- Page 18 AMAZING CRYSTAL FACTS! Certain crystals will vibrate when electric current passes through them. Many clocks use quartz crystals to ensure the watch keeps accurate time. Early radio transmitters used different types of crystals to create the frequencies to transmit signals. Quartz is the most commonly found crystal on earth.
- Page 19 Kosmos Quality and Safety More than one hundred years of expertise in publishing science experiment kits stand behind every product that bears the Kosmos name. Kosmos experiment kits are designed by an experienced team of specialists and tested with the utmost care during development and production.
- Page 20 MEET THE GEEKERS! Maggie Wiley Ringer Magnus Matrix Scrooge Sunny Slammer Luney Rocky Gear Piper Spanner Stretch Erle Quartz Spur Racket 3rd Edition 2015 © 2013, 2015 Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizerstr. 5-7, D-70184 Stuttgart, Tel. +49 (0) 711 2191-343 p.