Related Manuals for frako PQC 1202401-0
Summary of Contents for frako PQC 1202401-0
- Page 1 Power Quality Controller – PQC Reactive Power Control Relay Operating Manual FRAKO Kondensatoren- und Anlagenbau www.frako.com...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Inhalt 1 Safety 1.1 Objective 1.2 Safety instructions 1.3 Intended use 1.4 Improper use 1.5 Repair 1.6 Symbols used 2 Technical data 3 Instrument description 3.1 Function 3.2 Regeneration 4 Mounting the instrument 4.1 Suitable location 4.2 Installing the instrument 5 Installation 5.1 Electrical connections 5.2 Earth connection... - Page 3 8 Main menu 8.1 PQC initial start-up 8.1.1 Language selection on start-up 8.1.2 Start-up 8.2 PQC overview 8.2.1 Displayed parameters 8.3 Control diagram 8.3.1 Scale 8.4 Manual control 8.4.1 Stages menu 8.5 Settings 8.5.1 Settable control profiles 8.5.2 Typical control profile applications φ...
- Page 4 Figures Figure 1 PQC dimensions in mm Figure 2 Connection diagram for PQC 1202401-XX Figure 3 Connection diagram for PQC 1202403-XX Figure 4 Connection diagram for PQC 0602401-XX Figure 5 Connection diagram for PQC 1204801-XX Figure 6 Connection diagram for PQC 1204803-XX Figure 7 Connection diagram for PQC 0614801-XX Figure 8...
- Page 5 φ Figure 48 Control response after setting target cos = 0.92 ind, limitation = +1.0 φ Figure 49 Control response after setting target cos = 0.92 ind, limitation = +1.0, parallel shift = -1.0 φ Figure 50 Control response after setting target cos = 0.95 cap, limitation = -1.0, parallel shift = 0 Figure 51...
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Page 6: Safety
1 Safety 1.1 Objective This operating manual has been prepared for persons who install, connect, commission and operate the PQC Power Quality Controller. 1.2 Safety instructions No claims under guarantee shall be valid in the event of damages caused by failure to observe the instructions in this operating manual. -
Page 7: Intended Use
This operating manual may be changed without notification. Please consult our website www.frako.com for the up-to-date version. When work is carried out on the instrument terminals and connecting cables, there is a risk of live components being touched inadvertently. The working voltage may present a hazard to health or may even be life-threatening. -
Page 8: Improper Use
Repairs may not be carried out by the customer or user. Should repair work be necessary, the customer or user must contact the manufacturer: FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau GmbH, Tscheulinstrasse 21A, D-79331 Teningen, Germany, www.frako.com. 1.6 Symbols used Special instructions in this operating manual are marked by symbols. -
Page 9: Technical Data
PQC version: PQC xxxxxxx-x1: 1 × PT-100 or PT-1000 RTD, 4-wire or 2-wire configuration, automatic detector type identification 2 × NTC thermistor type TDK/Epcos-B57861S0502F040, FRAKO Article No. 29-20094 Measurement range -50 – 200 °C Electrically connected with the digital outputs Outputs ·... - Page 10 electrical service life AC -14 at 3 A 1 × 10 switching cycles, AC -14 at 0.5 A 2 × 10 switching cycles Common supply conductor P to the output relays maximum 10 A Note: utilization category AC / DC as per IEC 60947-5-1 For all PQC versions in areas where UL / CSA standards apply: φ...
- Page 11 · Alarm contact Conductor cross section max. 2.5 mm², min. 0.2 mm² Insulation rating: min. 250 V AC, 80 °C · USB for updates USB Micro-A and Micro-B ports (service interface) · Digital inputs and PQC version: PQC xxxxxxx-1x: Conductor cross section max. 1.5 mm², min. 0.14 mm² Insulation rating: 50 V DC, 80 °C ·...
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Page 12: Instrument Description
EN 61000-4-6, immunity to conducted disturbances, level 10 V RMS, 150 kHz – 80 MHz EN 61000-4-4, burst immunity, 1 kV capacitive coupling, 2 kV injection into power supply cable and voltage measurement inputs EN 61000-4-5 surge immunity, 2 kV injection into power supply cable and voltage measurement inputs Ambient conditions ·... -
Page 13: Mounting The Instrument
4 Mounting the instrument 4.1 Suitable location [see Section 1.3, Intended use] The PQC is intended for installation in stationary, weather-protected control cabinets and enclo- sures located indoors. Exposure to dampness is not permitted. The instrument is installed verti- cally, usually on the outside of the control cabinet or enclosure, so that the controls and display are accessible to the operator. - Page 14 DANGER! The rear of the panel-mounting PQC inside the control cabinet or enclosure only has IP20 ingress protection. Adequate protection against inadvertently touching live components must be provided, and the ingress of dust and water must be prevented by ensuring that the instrument is installed in a suitable enclosure (e.g.
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Page 15: Installation
IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE! To avoid accidents, the following must be observed: When the FRAKO panel-mounting instrument is fitted in the front of a control cabinet for its intended use, there is a danger that its four retaining screws could become live and therefore a safety hazard if there is a fault in the wiring adjacent to the instrument. - Page 16 - Only the specified and appropriate voltages and signals may be connected to the respective terminals and ports provided for them. - The cross-sectional areas of all cables used must be adequate for the purpose. - Suitable measures must be taken to prevent cables operating at the power supply voltage being inadvertently pulled out and twisted.
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Page 17: Earth Connection
5.2 Earth connection DANGER! To avoid accidents, the following must be observed: - The earthing conductor PE must always be connected to the PQC instrument casing before any other connections are made. - The PE conductor cross section must be at least equal to that of the largest conductor of the AUX phases, the voltage measurement connections, the output relays or the alarm connections. -
Page 18: Voltage Measurement
With these instrument types [see Section 9, Instrument versions], provided that the specified voltage limits are not exceeded, it is possible to use phase–phase or phase–neutral connections. For typical examples, [see Figures 8 and 9]. CAUTION! - The cables and the earthing conductor leading to the instrument must be permanently connected. -
Page 19: Current Measurement
For 3-phase measurement, it is advisable to connect the N terminal as well. This enables the high measurement accuracy of the PQC to be achieved when measuring phase–neutral voltages and the parameters derived from these. If no neutral conductor is present, the N terminal can be left unconnected. - Page 20 DANGER! If an earth terminal is provided at the secondary side of the current transformer, this must be connected to an earthing conductor! In general, it is recommended that all current transformer circuits be earthed. CAUTION! The following must be observed to ensure safe and reliable operation: - The connection of the current measurement inputs must be via an external, electrically isolating current transformer.
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Page 21: Output Relays (Control Outputs)
5.6 Output relays (control outputs) DANGER! To avoid accidents, the following must be observed: - The safety instructions in [Section 5.1, Electrical connections]. - The output relays must be connected as set out in this operating manual. - The working voltage of the relay contacts must not exceed the specified maximum level. -
Page 22: Connection Diagrams Of All Pqc Instrument Types 5.7.1 Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 1202401-Xx
5.7 Connection diagrams of all PQC instrument types 5.7.1 Connection diagram: version PQC 1202401-XX 2A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100 V-690 VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 240 V+10% AC~5VA Alarmrelais Ausgangsrelais alarm relais output relais φ φ 250VAC~ 3A cos 250 VAC~ 3 A cos Alarm... -
Page 23: Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 1202403-Xx
5.7.2 Connection diagram: version PQC 1202403-XX 2A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100V-690 VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 240 V+10% AC~5VA Alarmrelais Ausgangsrelais alarm relais output relais φ φ 250VAC~ 3A cos 250VAC~ 3 A cos Alarm Figure 3 Connection diagram for PQC 1202403-XX... -
Page 24: Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 0602401-Xx
5.7.3 Connection diagram: version PQC 0602401-XX 2A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100 V-690 VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 240 V+10% AC~5VA Alarmrelais Ausgangsrelais alarm relais output relais φ φ 250VAC~ 3A cos 250 VAC~ 3 A cos Alarm Figure 4 Connection diagram for PQC 0602401-XX... -
Page 25: Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 1204801-Xx
5.7.4 Connection diagram: version PQC 1204801-XX 2A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100V- 690VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 480 V+10% AC~5VA Alarmrelais Ausgangsrelais alarm relais output relais φ φ 250VAC~ 3A cos 250VAC~ 3 A cos Alarm Figure 5 Connection diagram for PQC 1204801-XX... -
Page 26: Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 1204803-Xx
5.7.5 Connection diagram: version PQC 1204803-XX 2 A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100V-690VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 480V+10% AC~5 VA 100V-600VAC~ UL Alarmrelais Ausgangsrelais alarm relais output relais φ φ 250VAC~ 3A cos 250 VAC~ 3A cos Alarm Figure 6 Connection diagram for PQC 1204803-XX... -
Page 27: Connection Diagram: Version Pqc 0614801-Xx
5.7.6 Connection diagram: version PQC 0614801-XX 2A T Messspannung Versorgungsspannung voltage measurement supply voltage 100V- 690VAC~ VDE 100 V-15% – 480 V+10% AC~5 VA 100V-600VAC~ UL Ausgangsrelais Alarmrelais output relais φ =1 VDE alarm relais 440 VAC~ 3 A cos =1 VDE φ... -
Page 28: Options For Connecting The Aux Power Supply For Pqc Xxx480X-Xx Versions
5.7.7 Options for connecting the AUX power supply for PQC XXX480X-XX versions Connecting the AUX terminals to a 100 to 480 V AC power supply. Version: PQC XXX480X-XX: 400 V AC / 415 V AC – networks without a neutral conductor N 5.7.7.1 Connection diagram for 400/415 V networks with no neutral conductor 2 A T... -
Page 29: Commissioning (Initial Start-Up)
6 Commissioning (Initial start-up) DANGER! To avoid accidents, the following must be observed: The PQC must be installed in accordance with its intended use before power is switched on. All the connectors supplied with the instrument must be plugged in, and the earth connection must be made. -
Page 30: Safety Precautions Before Start-Up
· Connection not identified Given if the connection has not been identified during initial start-up. · Stages not identified Given if the corrective power of the capacitor stages has not been identified during initial start-up. 6.2 Safety precautions before start-up After all installation work has been carried out as described in [Section 5, Installation], and the above safety instructions have been complied with, the power supply may be switched on and the PQC started up. -
Page 31: Automatic Identification Of The Connected Capacitor Stages
Automatic connection identification is not possible with 3-phase measurement. The voltage and current inputs must be connected in correct phase sequence. Table 1 Connection types for current transformers in L1, L2 and L3 Connection type Connection to voltage path L/N – L L/N –... -
Page 32: Calculation Of C/K
6.5.3 Calculation of c/k Formula 1 Calculation of c/k = 0.65 · Q · 1000 ≈ 0.375 · Q smallest stage smallest stage · 1000 [mA] V · √3 · k V · k where = Response current in mA to be set = Capacitor power rating of the smallest stage in var smallest stage (not the total system power rating) -
Page 33: Description Of The Menu
7 Description of the menu Display Action PQC overview Down Start submenu information The instrument is operated with the following keys: Table 3 Key functions Icon Function Escape Go back one level in the system tree. Increase a selected parameter. Select another menu item above. -
Page 34: Menu Overview
7.1 Menu overview Main menu Control Manual Settings Info / status Initial About PQC overview diagram control start-up Overview Control General Factory Set limits phase L1 profiles settings Overview Profiles Capacitor Alarm Extensions phase L2 1 to 5 stages management φ... -
Page 35: Figure 12 Menu Structure 2
Info / status PQC status Cap. stage V and I System Manual frequency power harmonics power analysis Automatic or Cap. stage Harmonics Total Manual control power table diagram Q power Switching Harmonics Q power Cap. stage sequence Table still available power diagram Available... -
Page 36: Main Menu
8 Main menu The following submenus can be selected from the main menu: · PQC overview · Control diagram · Manual control (password protected) · Settings (password protected) · Info / status · Initial start-up (password protected) · About PQC… Open Action PQC overview... -
Page 37: Pqc Initial Start-Up
8.1 PQC initial start-up Select Select Confirm language Back to Action language language and return to – main menu de, en, fr de, en, fr parameter selection 8.1.1 Language selection on start-up Figure 17 Changing the working language When the PQC is commissioned, the following parameters can be changed: ·... -
Page 38: Figure 18 Identification: Stage + Connection
All start-up variants and their submenus: Figure 18 Identification: Stage + Connection Figure 19 Identification: Connection Figure 20 Identification: Connection submenu Figure 21 Identification: Stage Figure 22 Identification: Stage submenu Figure 23 Identification: Manual Figure 24 Identification: Manual submenu The types of connection shown in Figures 22 and 24 correspond to the second column in [Table 1] (current transformer in L1 path, installed in the forward direction). -
Page 39: Start-Up
8.1.2 Start-up In the first step, the type of connection is determined with the help of the phase angle. In the second step, the connected capacitor stages are identified. Figure 25 Connection identification started Figure 26 Capacitor stage identification started Once the capacitor stage identification procedure is completed, the results are indicated. -
Page 40: Displayed Parameters
8.2.1 Displayed parameters φ φ · Display of the momentary value of cos · phase voltage / V phase-to-neutral voltage ∆ ∆ · Display of the momentary active power · Display of the momentary reactive power (capacitive reactive power shown with a minus sign) ·... -
Page 41: Control Diagram
8.3 Control diagram The control diagram shows the currently selected control characteristic curve (active control profile) and provides visualization of the momentary operating point. 8.3.1 Scale One scale division on the y-axis represents ²⁄ ³ × smallest capacitor stage. Back to main Action Zoom + Zoom -... -
Page 42: Manual Control
8.4 Manual control CAUTION! Switching in capacitor stages manually can result in overcorrection of the sys- tem. This can cause other problems, such as resonance-induced overvoltage in the supply network and/or damage to the capacitor stages. The supply network from which the capacitor stages controlled by the PQC are operated must be monitored for resonant conditions and overvoltage whenever stages are switched in manually. -
Page 43: Stages Menu
8.4.1 Stages menu This menu shows the numbers of the stages (1–12) plus the status (ON/OFF), capacitive power (determined automatically or set manually) and the number of switching cycles of the selected stage. Figure 38 Manual control: Stages menu Return to Manual Switch stage Action Select stage... -
Page 44: Settings
Figure 40 Message on failed attempt to switch in a stage 8.5 Settings The Settings menu is selected from the main menu. It offers the following submenus: · Control profiles 5 profiles, [see Section 8.5.1]. · Capacitor stages, Set limits, Alarm management, Extensions General ·... -
Page 45: Typical Control Profile Applications
Profile 5 Suitable for generating networks, such as hydropower or wind turbines, where a φ capacitive cos is called for. More information is given in the FRAKO Application Note. Figure 42 Control profiles Action Control setting Select profile Select profile Set profile –... -
Page 46: Setting Target Cos
Profile selection Increase Increase Back to parameter Action – (Save Yes/No) value + value - selection φ · Target cos 0.90 capacitive to 0.80 inductive (in increments of 0.01) · Parallel shift -2.0 to +4.0 (in increments of 0.5) · -2.0 to +2.0 (in increments of 0.5) and OFF Limitation ·... -
Page 47: Parallel Shift
Reactive power Switch in Active power Regeneration Switch out One division = Reactive power 0.65 × smallest cap. stage φ Figure 45 Control response after setting target cos = 0.92 ind, limitation = 0, parallel shift = 0 Switch in In [Figure 45] the action of the PQC during regeneration (feed-in to the supply network) can be seen. -
Page 48: Limitation L
φ The set target cos is therefore the upper limit of the control band. Overcompensation is avoi- ded. Reactive power Switch in Active power Regeneration Switch out One division = 0.65 × smallest cap. stage φ Figure 47 Control response after setting target cos = 0.92 ind, limitation = OFF, parallel shift = -1.0 Reactive power φ... - Page 49 This setting has the following effects: · The target power factor is attained, on average, in the upper power range. Reactive power · Overcorrection (capacitive, usually disruptive) is avoided in the low load range. An effective combination of parallel shift and limitation is illustrated in [Figure 49]. Switch in Reactive power Regeneration...
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Page 50: Switching Delay
8.5.2.4 Switching delay The switching delay, i.e. the time between one switching action and the next for the same capacitor stage, can be set between the values of 5 and 500 seconds in 5-second increments. When a stage is to be switched in or out, the PQC waits for this switching delay to elapse before switching takes place. -
Page 51: Capacitor Stages Menu
Figure 52 General settings menu 8.5.3.1 Capacitor stages menu · ON / OFF (ON is recommended). The purpose of cyclic switching Cyclic switching is to ensure that all capacitor stages of the same power rating are switched in equally frequently. ·... -
Page 52: Setting Alarm Limits
Figure 53 Capacitor stages Capacitor Change Change Save Action – stage menu parameter parameter parameter 8.5.3.2 Setting alarm limits The following parameters can be adjusted in the Set limits menu: · Switching cycle counter 10 k – 500 k (in increments of 1k), default setting 80 k ·... -
Page 53: Overcurrent
Figure 56 Change set limit for switching cycle counter 8.5.3.2.1 Overcurrent Overcurrent is the theoretically determined ratio of the root-mean-square current to the funda- mental current in the capacitor (I ). It therefore indicates how large the proportion of 50Hz/60Hz harmonic currents is in comparison with the fundamental current. -
Page 54: Alarm Management
8.5.3.3 Alarm management The following alarm options can be selected in this submenu: · Alarm relay · PQC trip · Display alarm Select Select Open alarm option Action Back to General – alarm option alarm option setting submenu Figure 57 Alarm management Setting in Alarm relay, PQC trip and Display alarm submenu: Set ON/OFF Alarm... -
Page 55: Optional Modbus Rtu Interface
The following alarms / actions can be enabled / disabled in all submenus of the Alarm manage- ment menu: φ · alarm · Undervoltage · Undercurrent · Overcurrent · THDI · Switching cycles · V harmonics (harmonic voltage) · I harmonics (harmonic current) ·... -
Page 56: Factory Settings
8.5.3.5 Factory settings · Reset PQC Reset the PQC to its factory settings (This does not affect the switching cycle counters.) · Reset switching cycle counters for all stages to zero Clear switching cycle counter (singly or individually, service password necessary; [see Section 8.5.3.6]. -
Page 57: Info / Status
The password prompt is displayed as soon as one of the items in the main menu [see Section 8] is selected. The Up and Down keys are used to adjust each digit, which is then confirmed with the Return/ Enter key. Once the 4th digit has been confirmed with this key, the menus at the security level concerned become accessible for one hour. -
Page 58: Pqc Status
Figure 65 Info / status 3/3 8.6.1 PQC status PQC status: Overview of all necessary setting parameters The following parameters are displayed in the PQC status menu: · PQC status Automatic or manual control mode. · Display of the capacitor stages detected. Switching sequence The relative values (switching sequence) can be distributed over the available stages as desired. -
Page 59: Capacitor Stages Table
· The sum total corrective power of all connected 3-phase ∑ Q power capacitor stages · Available Q power 3-phase corrective power still available for switching in · Overcurrent The overcurrent ratio I is displayed. 50Hz/60Hz Overcurrent is the theoretically determined ratio of the root-mean- square current to the fundamental current in the capacitor. -
Page 60: Voltage And Current Harmonics Diagram
Figure 71 Switch cycle diagram 8.6.6 Voltage and current harmonics diagram Switch between Back to Action Zoom + Zoom - harmonics 1–12 Additional info Info / status menu and 8–19 100% corresponds to the fundamental wave at 50 / 60 Hz. One scale division on the y-axis represents 5%. -
Page 61: Manual Frequency Analysis
8.6.8 Manual frequency analysis Back to Frequency Frequency Select Action – Info / status menu +10 Hz -10 Hz phase · Phase Measurement at Lx [1 ≤ x ≤ 3] · Frequency 10–2500 Hz in increments of 10 Hz · Magnitude of the voltage at the given frequency as a percentage of the V(f) fundamental voltage V... -
Page 62: Factory Default Settings
8.8 Factory default settings Table 4 Factory default settings Connection type 0 (L1-N) c/k setting 2000 mA Initial start-up Switching sequence 1;1;1;1;1; Number of capacitor stages 6 or 12 (depending on type) φ 0.92 ind Parallel shift Limitation Settings of control profile 1 Delay time 45 sec... - Page 63 Cyclic switching Discharge time 60 sec Fixed stages Settings General Capacitor stages choke factor (detuning) Zero stage set limit Nominal voltage 400 V Switching cycle counters 80 000 THDI Harmonic Set limit in % V harmonics Settings General Set limits 0.43 0.41...
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Page 64: Update
For further information please contact the manufacturer: FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau GmbH, Tscheulinstrasse 21A, D-79331 Teningen, Germany, www.frako.com When work is carried out in the vicinity of the instrument terminals and connecting cables, there is a risk of live components being touched inad- vertently. -
Page 65: Instrument Versions
Depending on where the instrument is mounted, access to the USB interface port on the PQC may be difficult. For further information, please contact the instrument manufacturer: FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau GmbH, Tscheulinstrasse 21A, D-79331 Teningen, Germany, www.frako.com. 9 Instrument versions Table 5 Instrument versions Article No. -
Page 66: Maintenance
Article No. Version Number of Instrument Measure- Option relay stages power supply ment AUX² 38-00406 PQC 1204801-0 12 (250 V AC, 100 V – 10 % to single-phase – φ 3 A, cos = 1) 480 V +10 % AC approx. -
Page 67: Cleaning
10.1 Cleaning DANGER! The following instructions must be observed to avoid danger to life and limb: - During cleaning, the instrument and the connecting cables must be isolated from the power supply. - The isolated electrical system must be locked out to prevent its being inadvertently switched on again. - Page 68 If the above instructions are followed, the risk of endangering life and limb or damaging equipment can be significantly reduced. DANGER! The following instructions must be observed to prevent danger to life and limb or damage to equipment and other assets: - The current transformers must be short-circuited.
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Page 69: Storage
One way of ensuring environmentally sound disposal is to return the instruments to FRAKO Kondensatoren und Anlagenbau GmbH or the company's local repre- sentatives. Alternatively, the instruments can be given to a firm specializing in the recycling of electronic equipment. -
Page 70: Troubleshooting
12.1 Troubleshooting Faults during operation: If disruptions occur during operation of the PQC, the following table provides assistance in iden- tifying and remedying the faults. Fault Possible cause Remedial action 1 PQC not working; no No power supply to the Check whether the power display at all on the instrument, or the wrong... -
Page 71: Scope Of Supply
Fault Possible cause Remedial action 7 Despite inductive load, no When the PQC was Check the PQC programming stages are switched on programmed, c/k, and change if necessary. when PQC is in automatic switching time delay, or mode. discharge time have been set too high. - Page 72 Reactive Power Control Relays Power Factor Correction Systems Modules EMS Components Measuring Instruments and Network Analysers Power Quality EMS ISO 50001 FRAKO Kondensatoren- und Anlagenbau GmbH Tscheulinstraße 21a D-79331 Teningen Tel: +49 7641 453-0 Fax: +49 7641 453-535 sales@frako.com www.frako.com...
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