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Keithley Instruments
28775 Aurora Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44139
1-800-935-5595
tek.com/keithley
Description
The Keithley Instruments SMU (source-measure unit) Potentiostats are designed to make electrochemical
measurements easily and accurately. Included with your Model 2450, 2460, or 2461 Interactive SourceMeter
Instrument and other hardware is a USB flash drive containing electrochemistry test scripts or applications.
When running, each application can be user-configured to meet your specific test requirements.
The EC-UPGRADE kit lets you use an existing Keithley Instruments 2450, 2460, or 2461 SourceMeter as a
potentiostat or galvanostat.
The following applications are installed on your instrument or on the supplied USB flash drive.
▪
Cyclic Voltammetry: Potential is swept at a user-programmable scan rate between two to four defined
potential vertices, and the resulting current is measured.
▪
Open Circuit Potential: Measures the cell potential difference between two electrodes with high-input
impedance as a function of time.
▪
Potential Pulse and Square Wave: Sources potential at programmable peak and base levels while
current is recorded at the pulse peak level, and the resulting current is measured.
▪
Current Pulse and Square Wave: Sources current at programmable peak and base levels, and the
potential is recorded at the pulse peak level.
▪
Chronoamperometry: Potential is stepped to a programmed value, and the resulting current is measured
as a function of time.
▪
Chronopotentiometry: Current is stepped to a programmed value, and the resulting potential is
measured as a function of time.
This kit is not intended to be used with a SMU interlock enabled. To prevent electric shock
and possible damage to the test cable assembly or test setup, do not activate the Keithley
Instruments 2450, 2460, or 2461 interlock.
When the interlock is not engaged on the 2450, 2460, or 2461 the nominal output is limited to
±42 V. However, review the
ensure responsible operation.
071347302 / March 2020
SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit
Safety Precautions
(on page 23) section of this document to
*P071347302*
Quick Start Guide
TM
1
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Table of Contents
Related Manuals for Tektronix KEITHLEY EC-UPGRADE
Summary of Contents for Tektronix KEITHLEY EC-UPGRADE
- Page 1 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Keithley Instruments Quick Start Guide 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 1-800-935-5595 tek.com/keithley Description The Keithley Instruments SMU (source-measure unit) Potentiostats are designed to make electrochemical measurements easily and accurately. Included with your Model 2450, 2460, or 2461 Interactive SourceMeter Instrument and other hardware is a USB flash drive containing electrochemistry test scripts or applications.
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Page 2: What You Should Have Received
SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide What you should have received Below is a list of what you should have received. If you only ordered the EC-UPGRADE kit, a SMU instrument is not included. Model number Description Quantity 2450, 2460, or 2461 Keithley Instruments 2450, 2460, or 2461 Interactive SourceMeter SMU Instrument... -
Page 3: Getting Started
SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Getting started Before you can run an electrochemistry test, you will need to configure the instrument and make basic connections. The following topics will explain how to set up and configure your instrument. The 2450-EC or 2460-EC instrument must have firmware version 1.5.0 or later to run the electrochemistry test applications. - Page 4 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide To connect the power cord: 1. Make sure that the front-panel POWER switch is in the off (O) position. 2. Connect the female end of the supplied power cord to the AC receptacle on the rear panel. 3.
- Page 5 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Copy a script to the instrument Your SMU is shipped with all test applications and supporting scripts loaded into memory. If you accidentally delete a test application or a supporting script (EC_Framework.tsp or EC_Images.tsp), you can copy the files from the flash drive to your instrument.
- Page 6 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide 5. Select <. The test script is transferred to the instrument, and the corresponding filename is displayed in the Internal Scripts list. Figure 4: Copying the file to the instrument Connections and usage The cable assembly can be used with Keithley SMUs for electrochemistry applications.
- Page 7 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Make the SMU connections To connect to the instrument (all tests): The front panel of your SMU has four banana-style input and output jacks. You use the supplied cable to connect your electrochemical cell to these jacks. The SENSE terminals are used to measure voltage at the device under test (DUT).
- Page 8 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide For three-electrode applications, the WE and WES connectors are stacked and attached to the working electrode. The CE and RE connectors connect to the counter electrode and reference electrode, respectively. Figure 8: Three-electrode cell testing cable connections For four-electrode applications, each device-side cable connector is used separately.
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Page 9: Run A Test
SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Prepare the analyte and assemble the test cell Before connecting to the DUT, make sure to prepare the analyte and assemble the test cell for your test. Connect to the DUT The next figure shows the connections from a SMU to a three-electrode test cell. Figure 11: Front panel connections Run a test Once you have configured your SMU and connected a test cell, you are ready to run a test. - Page 10 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide 3. Select the preloaded Cyclic Voltammetry test script or connect the supplied USB drive to your SMU instrument to locate the included Cyclic Voltammetry test. If you connect the USB drive, scripts on the drive are displayed with usb1/ before the script file name, which includes the .tsp file extension.
- Page 11 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Define the potential scan parameters You will define the potential scan parameters: Number of vertices, vertex potentials, potential reference, scan rate, and number of cycles. An example of a potential scan performed during a cyclic voltammetry test is shown in the next figure. You can select up to four voltage potential vertices, which are defined as E1 (or E initial), E2, E3, and E4 in the next figure.
- Page 12 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide 3. Enter the number of potential vertices. You can define two, three, or four vertices. 4. The vertex selections will change based on the number of vertices you choose. Select each vertex to enter its potential.
- Page 13 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Define the scan settings You can specify the scan rate in units of millivolts per second. The scan rate, defined as the change of the potential as a function of time (∆E/∆t), determines the rate at which the potential is linearly scanned during the experiment.
- Page 14 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide The following figure shows an example of a potential versus time graph showing three cycles of a three-vertex voltage sweep. Figure 21: Example potential versus time graph Modify the measure settings Specify how often to make measurements during the scan by selecting one of the sampling rate units shown in the following table and setting a value for the sampling rate.
- Page 15 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide To select the sampling rate units: 1. From the Menu screen, select Measure Settings. 2. Select Sampling Rate Units. Figure 22: Measure Settings menu, selecting Sampling Rate Units 3. Select the units you want to use for the test. You can now set a sampling rate. To set the sampling rate: 1.
- Page 16 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide When the test runs, your potentiostat will limit the magnitude of the maximum current that can flow in the test circuit to 100 percent of the selected current range. This could affect your experiment results. If your expected current is near the full scale of a range, select the next highest current range to minimize the influence of your potentiostat on the test.
- Page 17 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Save or load the test parameter data You can save your test parameters to the front-panel flash drive at any time. Up to five test parameter configurations can be stored. To save the test parameters: 1.
- Page 18 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide To load saved test parameters: Test parameters can only be loaded to the same instrument model on which they were created and saved. For example, you cannot load test parameter settings created with a 2450-EC to a 2460-EC. 1.
- Page 19 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Run the test and view the graph To run the test and view the graph: 1. Press the HOME key. 2. Select Start Test. The output turns on automatically, and the display shows the current measurements plotting in real time, along with a progress bar at the bottom of the screen.
- Page 20 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide Make sure to select Stop Test before selecting End App. Stop Test turns off the instrument's output. Hazardous voltages may be present on all output and guard terminals. To prevent electrical shock that could cause injury or death, never make or break connections to the instrument while the power is turned on.
- Page 21 SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide View the test reading table You can view the individual data points by selecting Reading Table from the Menu screen. See the next figure. Figure 33: Viewing the Reading Table Save the test data to the flash drive You can save the data generated from the test to the front-panel flash drive.
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Page 22: Next Steps
SMU Potentiostats and EC-UPGRADE Kit Quick Start Guide End the test application When you are finished making measurements, select End App to exit the test and return to normal SMU operation. Make sure to always select Stop Test before selecting End App. Stop Test turns off the instrument's output. -
Page 23: Safety Precautions
Safety precautions The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with nonhazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present. This product is intended for use by personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. - Page 24 For safety, instruments and accessories must be used in accordance with the operating instructions. If the instruments or accessories are used in a manner not specified in the operating instructions, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories. Maximum signal levels are defined in the specifications and operating information and shown on the instrument panels, test fixture panels, and switching cards.