Fuel Injector Design Effects On Evaporative Emissions; Figure 2-8 California Tailpipe Emissions Limits - Delphi Multec 3.5 Applications Manual

Multec 3.5 Fuel Injector Application Manual
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Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) [g/mile]
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Fuel Injector Design Effects on Evaporative Emissions

Delphi Energy and Chassis Systems
California Tailpipe Exhaust Emission Limit Evolution
Tier 1
(1994)
TLEV
(1999)
LEV
ULEV (2004)
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Figure 2-8 California Tailpipe Emissions Limits

Many countries regulate evaporative HC emissions from the vehicle.
While there are many contributors to the total vehicle evaporative
emission quantity, the impact to the fuel injector will be in permeation and
leakage requirements. Injector tip leakage and permeation through seal
rings must be considered in fuel system design and seal ring selection.
Increasingly stringent evaporative emissions requirements place additional
demands on the sealing capabilities of the fuel system (see Figure 2-9).
The Multec 3.5 Injector contributes to reduced evaporative emissions by:
1. Reduced injector tip leakage
2. Elimination of internal seal rings which can be a source of permeation.
3. Availability of a reduced cross section injector to rail seal ring to
minimize permeation.
(2004)
1
-1.0 0.0
Carbon Monoxide (CO) [g/mile]
Fundamentals
SULEV (2005)
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Revision: 11/05-1 2-25
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