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SMC Networks TigerSwitch Management Manual

24-port 10/100mbps stackable managed switch
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Table of Contents

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TigerSwitch 10/100
24-Port 10/100Mbps
Stackable Managed Switch

Management Guide

◆ 24 auto-MDI/MDI-X 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports
◆ 2 Gigabit RJ-45 ports shared with 2 SFP transceiver slots
◆ 2 Gigabit stacking ports that act as Ethernet ports in
standalone mode
◆ Stacks up to 8 units
◆ 12.8 Gbps of aggregate bandwidth
◆ Non-blocking switching architecture
◆ Spanning Tree Protocol and Rapid STP
◆ Up to four LACP or static 4-port trunks
◆ RADIUS and TACACS+ authentication
◆ Rate limiting for bandwidth management
◆ CoS support for four-level priority
◆ Full support for VLANs with GVRP
◆ IP Multicasting with IGMP Snooping
Management Guide
SMC6224M

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Summary of Contents for SMC Networks TigerSwitch

  • Page 1: Management Guide

    TigerSwitch 10/100 24-Port 10/100Mbps Stackable Managed Switch Management Guide ◆ 24 auto-MDI/MDI-X 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports ◆ 2 Gigabit RJ-45 ports shared with 2 SFP transceiver slots ◆ 2 Gigabit stacking ports that act as Ethernet ports in standalone mode ◆ Stacks up to 8 units ◆...
  • Page 3 TigerSwitch 10/100 Management Guide From SMC’s Tiger line of feature-rich workgroup LAN solutions 38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618 Phone: (949) 679-8000 November 2004 Pub. # 149100005000H...
  • Page 4 38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618 All rights reserved. Trademarks: SMC is a registered trademark; and EZ Switch, TigerStack and TigerSwitch are trademarks of SMC Networks, Inc. Other product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

  • Page 5: Limited Warranty

    IMITED ARRANTY Limited Warranty Statement: SMC Networks, Inc. (“SMC”) warrants its products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and service, for the applicable warranty term. All SMC products carry a standard 90-day limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller.
  • Page 6 * SMC will provide warranty service for one year following discontinuance from the active SMC price list. Under the limited lifetime warranty, internal and external power supplies, fans, and cables are covered by a standard one-year warranty from date of purchase. SMC Networks, Inc. 38 Tesla Irvine, CA 92618...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Connecting to the Switch ........
  • Page 8 Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities ....3-15 Setting the Switch’s IP Address ......3-17 Manual Configuration .
  • Page 9 Filtering Addresses for Management Access ....3-75 Access Control Lists ........3-77 Configuring Access Control Lists .
  • Page 10 ONTENTS Displaying Basic VLAN Information ....3-147 Displaying Current VLANs ..... . . 3-148 Creating VLANs .
  • Page 11 Telnet Connection ........4-2 Entering Commands ........4-4 Keywords and Arguments .
  • Page 12 ONTENTS quit ..........4-32 System Management Commands .
  • Page 13 clear logging ........4-64 show logging .
  • Page 14 ONTENTS RADIUS Client ........4-99 radius-server host .
  • Page 15 MAC ACLs ........4-130 access-list mac .
  • Page 16 ONTENTS show rate-limit ........4-163 Link Aggregation Commands .
  • Page 17 switchport mode ....... . 4-202 switchport acceptable-frame-types ....4-203 switchport ingress-filtering .
  • Page 18 ONTENTS map ip dscp (Interface Configuration) ....4-233 show map ip port ....... 4-235 show map ip precedence .
  • Page 19 ONTENTS Glossary Index...
  • Page 20 ONTENTS...
  • Page 21 Table 1-1 Key Features ........1-1 Table 1-2 System Defaults .
  • Page 22 ABLES Table 4-21 SMTP Alert Commands ......4-68 Table 4-22 Time Commands ....... 4-72 Table 4-23 System Status Commands .
  • Page 23 Table 4-58 Priority Commands (Layer 2) ....4-222 Table 4-59 Default CoS Priority Levels ..... . 4-226 Table 4-60 Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) .
  • Page 24 System Information ......3-12 Figure 3-4 Switch Information ......3-14 Figure 3-5 Bridge Extension Configuration .
  • Page 25 IGURES Figure 3-37 ACL Configuration - Extended IP ....3-83 Figure 3-38 ACL Configuration - MAC ..... . . 3-85 Figure 3-39 Binding a Port to an ACL .
  • Page 26 IGURES Figure 3-74 Queue Mode ....... . . 3-172 Figure 3-75 Configuring Queue Scheduling ....3-173 Figure 3-76 IP Precedence/DSCP Priority Status .

  • Page 27: Introduction

    This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching. It includes a management agent that allows you to configure the features listed in this manual. The default configuration can be used for most of the features provided by this switch. However, there are many options that you should configure to maximize the switch’s performance for your particular...

  • Page 28: Description Of Software Features

    Multicast Filtering Supports IGMP snooping and query Description of Software Features The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing features. Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks caused by port saturation. Broadcast storm suppression prevents broadcast traffic storms from engulfing the network.
  • Page 29 Use the full-duplex mode on ports whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow control should also be enabled to control network traffic during periods of congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are exceeded.
  • Page 30 Static Addresses – A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table.
  • Page 31 STP-compliant mode if they detect STP protocol messages from attached devices. Virtual LANs – The switch supports up to 255 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network.
  • Page 32 NTRODUCTION switch to restrict traffic to the VLAN groups to which a user has been assigned. By segmenting your network into VLANs, you can: • Eliminate broadcast storms which severely degrade performance in a flat network. • Simplify network management for node changes/moves by remotely configuring VLAN membership for any port, rather than having to manually change the network connection.

  • Page 33: System Defaults

    System Defaults The switch’s system defaults are provided in the configuration file “Factory_Default_Config.cfg.” To reset the switch defaults, this file should be set as the startup configuration file (page 3-23). The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.
  • Page 34 NTRODUCTION Function Management SNMP Port Configuration Rate Limiting Port Trunking Broadcast Storm Protection Spanning Tree Protocol Address Table Table 1-2 System Defaults Parameter HTTP Server HTTP Port Number HTTP Secure Server HTTP Secure Port Number Community Strings Traps Admin Status Auto-negotiation Flow Control Input and output limits...
  • Page 35 Function Parameter Virtual LANs Default VLAN PVID Acceptable Frame Type Ingress Filtering Switchport Mode (Egress Mode) GVRP (global) GVRP (port interface) Traffic Ingress Port Priority Prioritization Weighted Round Robin IP Precedence Priority IP DSCP Priority IP Port Priority IP Settings IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway...
  • Page 36 NTRODUCTION 1-10...

  • Page 37: Initial Configuration

    (CLI). Note: The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To change this address, see “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-8. The switch’s HTTP Web agent allows you to configure switch parameters, monitor port connections, and display statistics using a standard Web browser such as Netscape Navigator version 6.2 and higher or Microsoft...

  • Page 38: Required Connections

    Configure any stack unit through the same IP address Required Connections The switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a PC or terminal for monitoring and configuring the switch. A null-modem console cable is provided with the switch.
  • Page 39 Attach a VT100-compatible terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the switch. You can use the console cable provided with this package, or use a null-modem cable that complies with the wiring assignments shown in the Installation Guide.

  • Page 40: Remote Connections

    IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using a console connection, DHCP or BOOTP protocol. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To manually configure this address or enable dynamic address assignment via DHCP or BOOTP, see “Setting an IP Address”...

  • Page 41: Stack Operations

    CLI. • If more than one stack Master is selected using the Master push button on the switch’s front panel, the stack will not function. • If any unit fails, the stack will not function. You must replace the failed unit, and reconnect the stacking cables to restore a ring topology.

  • Page 42: Resilient Ip Interface For Management Access

    Access to both CLI levels are controlled by user names and passwords. The switch has a default user name and password for each level. To log into the CLI at the Privileged Exec level using the default user name and password, perform these steps: 1.

  • Page 43: Setting Passwords

    “username” command, record them and put them in a safe place. Passwords can consist of up to 8 alphanumeric characters and are case sensitive. To prevent unauthorized access to the switch, set the passwords as follows: 1. Open the console interface with the default user name and password “admin”...

  • Page 44: Setting An Ip Address

    DHCP address allocation servers on the network. Manual Configuration You can manually assign an IP address to the switch. You may also need to specify a default gateway that resides between this device and management stations that exist on another network segment. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods.

  • Page 45: Dynamic Configuration

    If the “bootp” or “dhcp” option is saved to the startup-config file (step 6), then the switch will start broadcasting service requests as soon as it is powered on. To automatically configure the switch by communicating with BOOTP or...

  • Page 46: Enabling Snmp Management Access

    The switch can be configured to accept management commands from Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) applications such as SMC EliteView. You can configure the switch to (1) respond to SNMP requests or (2) generate SNMP traps. When SNMP management stations send requests to the switch (either to return information or to set a parameter), the switch provides the requested data or sets the specified parameter.

  • Page 47: Community Strings

    Community strings are used to control management access to SNMP stations, as well as to authorize SNMP stations to receive trap messages from the switch. You therefore need to assign community strings to specified users or user groups, and set the access level.

  • Page 48: Trap Receivers

    “community-string” is the string associated with that host. Press <Enter>. 2. In order to configure the switch to send SNMP notifications, you must enter at least one snmp-server enable traps command. Type “snmp-server enable traps type,” where “type” is either authentication or link-up-down.

  • Page 49: Managing System Files

    Console# Managing System Files The switch’s flash memory supports three types of system files that can be managed by the CLI program, Web interface, or SNMP. The switch’s file system allows files to be uploaded and downloaded, copied, deleted, and set as a start-up file.
  • Page 50 NITIAL ONFIGURATION Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only two operation code files. However, you can have as many diagnostic code files and configuration files as available flash memory space allows. In the system flash memory, one file of each type must be set as the start-up file.

  • Page 51: Configuring The Switch

    Telnet. For more information on using the CLI, refer to Chapter 4 “Command Line Interface.” Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser, be sure you have first performed the following tasks: 1.Configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using an out-of-band serial connection, BOOTP or DHCP protocol.
  • Page 52 If you log in as “admin” (Privileged Exec level), you can change the settings on any page. 3. If the path between your management station and this switch does not pass through any device that uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm, then you can set the switch port attached to your management station to fast forwarding (i.e., enable Admin...

  • Page 53: Navigating The Web Browser Interface

    “admin.” Home Page When your web browser connects with the switch’s web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below. The home page displays the Main Menu on the left side of the screen and System Information on the right side.

  • Page 54: Configuration Options

    Panel Display The web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports. The Mode can be set to display different information for the ports, including Active (i.e., up or down), Duplex (i.e., half or full duplex, or Flow Control (i.e., with or without flow control).

  • Page 55: Main Menu

    Main Menu Using the onboard web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program. Menu System System Information...
  • Page 56 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Menu SNTP Configuration Clock Time Zone SNMP Configuration Security User Accounts Authentication Settings Configures authentication sequence, HTTPS Settings Host-Key Settings Settings Port Security 802.1X Information Configuration Port Configuration Statistics Configuration Port Binding Table 3-2 Main Menu (Continued) Description Configures SNTP client settings, including broadcast mode or a specified list of servers...
  • Page 57 Table 3-2 Main Menu (Continued) Menu IP Filter Port Port Information Trunk Information Port Configuration Trunk Configuration Trunk Membership LACP Configuration Aggregation Port Port Counters Port Internal Information Port Neighbors Information Port Broadcast Control Sets the broadcast storm threshold for each Trunk Broadcast Control Mirror Port...
  • Page 58 Configures individual port settings for STA Configures individual trunk settings for STA Enables GVRP VLAN registration protocol Displays information on the VLAN type supported by this switch Shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or not the port is tagged or untagged...
  • Page 59 Table 3-2 Main Menu (Continued) Menu Static Membership by Port Port Configuration Trunk Configuration Private VLAN Information Configuration Association Port Information Port Configuration Trunk Information Trunk Configuration Priority Default Port Priority Default Trunk Priority Traffic Classes Traffic Classes Status Queue Mode Description Configures membership type for interfaces, including tagged, untagged or forbidden...

  • Page 60: Table 3-2 Main Menu

    VLAN Assigns ports that are attached to a neighboring multicast router Displays all multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and VLAN ID Indicates multicast addresses associated with the selected VLAN Page...

  • Page 61: Basic Configuration

    Field Attributes • System Name – Name assigned to the switch system. • Object ID – MIB II object ID for switch’s network management subsystem. • Location – Specifies the system location. • Contact – Administrator responsible for the system.

  • Page 62: Figure 3-3 System Information

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click System, System Information. Specify the system name, location, and contact information for the system administrator, then click Apply. (This page also includes a Telnet button that allows access to the Command Line Interface via Telnet.) 3-12 Figure 3-3 System Information...

  • Page 63: Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions

    Switch Int Loopback test...PASS Done All Pass. Console# Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions Use the Switch Information page to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the main board and management software, as well as the power status of the system. Field Attributes Main Board •...

  • Page 64: Figure 3-4 Switch Information

    • Operation Code Version – Version number of runtime code. • Role – Shows that this switch is operating as Master or Slave. Expansion Slot • Expansion Slot 1/2 – Combination RJ-45/SFP ports. These additional parameters are displayed for the CLI.

  • Page 65: Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities

    Extended Multicast Filtering Services – This switch does not support the filtering of individual multicast addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol). • Traffic Classes – This switch provides mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic classes. (Refer to “Class of Service Configuration” on page 3-168.) •...

  • Page 66: Figure 3-5 Bridge Extension Configuration

    (VLAN-Tagged or Untagged) on each port. (Refer to “VLAN Configuration” on page 3-142.) • Local VLAN Capable – This switch does not support multiple local bridges outside of the scope of 802.1Q defined VLANs. • GMRP – GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows network devices to register endstations with multicast groups.

  • Page 67: Setting The Switch's Ip Address

    Setting the Switch’s IP Address This section describes how to configure an IP interface for management access over the network. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To manually configure an address, you need to change the switch’s default settings (IP address 0.0.0.0 and netmask 255.0.0.0) to...

  • Page 68: Manual Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Requests will be broadcast periodically by the switch for an IP address. (DHCP/BOOTP values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.) • IP Address – Address of the VLAN interface that is allowed management access. Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods.

  • Page 69: Using Dhcp/Bootp

    IP Address Mode to DHCP or BOOTP. Click Apply to save your changes. Then click Restart DHCP to immediately request a new address. Note that the switch will also broadcast a request for IP configuration settings on each power reset.
  • Page 70 Console# Renewing DCHP – DHCP may lease addresses to clients indefinitely or for a specific period of time. If the address expires or the switch is moved to another network segment, you will lose management access to the switch. In this case, you can reboot the switch or submit a client request to restart DHCP service via the CLI.

  • Page 71: Managing Firmware

    You can upload/download firmware to or from a TFTP server, or copy files to and from switch units in a stack. By saving runtime code to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be downloaded to the switch to restore operation.

  • Page 72: Downloading System Software From A Server

    “opcode,” enter the file name of the software to download, select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply. If you replaced the current firmware used for startup and want to start using the new operation code, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu.

  • Page 73: Figure 3-9 Select Start-Up Operation File

    ASIC ONFIGURATION If you download to a new destination file, go to the System/File/Set Start-Up menu, mark the operation code file used at startup, and click Apply. To start the new firmware, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu. Figure 3-9 Select Start-Up Operation File To delete a file select System, File, Delete.

  • Page 74: Saving Or Restoring Configuration Settings

    File Transfer Method – The configuration copy operation includes these options: - file to file – Copies a file within the switch directory, assigning it a new name. - file to running-config – Copies a file in the switch to the running configuration.
  • Page 75 - tftp to startup-config – Copies a file from a TFTP server to the startup config. - file to unit – Copies a file from this switch to another unit in the stack. - unit to file – Copies a file from another unit in the stack to this switch.

  • Page 76: Downloading Configuration Settings From A Server

    Web – Click System, File, Copy. Select “tftp to startup-config” or “tftp to file” and enter the IP address of the TFTP server. Specify the name of the file to download and select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply.

  • Page 77: Figure 3-12 Setting The Startup Configuration Settings

    Figure 3-12 Setting the Startup Configuration Settings CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, specify the source file on the server, set the startup file name on the switch, and then restart the switch. Console#copy tftp startup-config TFTP server ip address: 192.168.1.19...

  • Page 78: Console Port Settings

    Console Port Settings You can access the onboard configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch’s serial console port. Management access through the console port is controlled by various parameters, including a password, timeouts, and basic communication settings. These parameters can be configured via the Web or CLI interface.

  • Page 79: Figure 3-13 Console Port Settings

    • Speed – Sets the terminal line’s baud rate for transmit (to terminal) and receive (from terminal). Set the speed to match the baud rate of the device connected to the serial port. (Range: 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200 baud, Auto; Default: 9600 bps) •...

  • Page 80: Telnet Settings

    TCP port number, timeouts, and a password. These parameters can be configured via the Web or CLI interface. Command Attributes • Telnet Status – Enables or disables Telnet access to the switch. (Default: Enabled) 3-30 3 times Disabled...
  • Page 81 • Telnet Port Number – Sets the TCP port number for Telnet on the switch. (Default: 23) • Login Timeout – Sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI. If a login attempt is not detected within the timeout interval, the connection is terminated for the session.

  • Page 82: Figure 3-14 Enabling Telnet

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click System, Line, Telnet. Specify the connection parameters for Telnet access, then click Apply. CLI – Enter Line Configuration mode for a virtual terminal, then specify the connection parameters as required. To display the current virtual terminal settings, use the show line command from the Normal Exec level.

  • Page 83: Configuring Event Logging

    Configuring Event Logging The switch allows you to control the logging of error messages, including the type of events that are recorded in switch memory, logging to a remote System Log (syslog) server, and displays a list of recent event messages.

  • Page 84: Table 3-3 Logging Levels

    • RAM Level – Limits log messages saved to the switch’s temporary RAM memory for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 7 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 7 will be logged to RAM.

  • Page 85: Remote Log Configuration

    Web – Click System, Log, System Logs. Specify System Log Status, set the level of event messages to be logged to RAM and flash memory, then click Apply. CLI – Enable system logging and then specify the level of messages to be logged to RAM and flash memory.
  • Page 86 The attribute specifies the facility type tag sent in syslog messages. (See RFC 3164.) This type has no effect on the kind of messages reported by the switch. However, it may be used by the syslog server to process messages, such as sorting or storing messages in the corresponding database.

  • Page 87: Figure 3-16 Remote Logs

    Web – Click System, Log, Remote Logs. To add an IP address to the Host IP List, type the new IP address in the Host IP Address box, and then click Add. To delete an IP address, click the entry in the Host IP List, and then click Remove.

  • Page 88: Displaying Log Messages

    Displaying Log Messages The Logs page allows you to scroll through the logged system and event messages. The switch can store up to 2048 log entries in temporary random access memory (RAM; i.e., memory flushed on power reset) and up to 4096 entries in permanent flash memory.

  • Page 89: Sending Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Alerts

    • SMTP Server List – Specifies a list of up to three recipient SMTP servers. The switch attempts to connect to the other listed servers if the first fails. Use the New SMTP Server text field and the Add/Remove buttons to configure the list.

  • Page 90: Figure 3-18 Enabling And Configuring Smtp Alerts

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click System, Log, SMTP. Enable SMTP, specify a source email address, and select the minimum severity level. To add an IP address to the SMTP Server List, type the new IP address in the SMTP Server field and click Add.

  • Page 91: Resetting The System

    CLI – Enter the IP address of at least one SMTP server, set the syslog severity level to trigger an email message, and specify the switch (source) and up to five recipient (destination) email addresses. Enable SMTP with the logging sendmail command to complete the configuration. Use the show logging sendmail command to display the current SMTP configuration.

  • Page 92: Setting The System Clock

    You can also manually set the clock using the CLI. (See “calendar set” on page 4-77.) If the clock is not set, the switch will only record the time from the factory default set at the last bootup.

  • Page 93: Figure 3-20 Sntp Configuration

    • SNTP Server – Sets the IP address for up to three time servers. The switch attempts to update the time from the first server, if this fails it attempts an update from the next server in the sequence. Web – Select SNTP, Configuration. Modify any of the required parameters, and click Apply.

  • Page 94: Setting The Time Zone

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Setting the Time Zone SNTP uses Coordinated Universal Time (or UTC, formerly Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT) based on the time at the Earth’s prime meridian, zero degrees longitude. To display a time corresponding to your local time, you must indicate the number of hours and minutes your time zone is east (before) or west (after) of UTC.

  • Page 95: Simple Network Management Protocol

    The switch includes an onboard SNMP agent that continuously monitors the status of its hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A network management station can access this information using software such as SMC EliteView.

  • Page 96: Specifying Trap Managers And Trap Types

    Console(config)# Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types Traps indicating status changes are issued by the switch to specified trap managers. You must specify trap managers so that key events are reported by this switch to your management station (using network management platforms such as SMC EliteView).

  • Page 97: Figure 3-23 Configuring Ip Trap Managers

    Command Attributes • Trap Manager Capability – This switch supports up to five trap managers. • Current – Displays a list of the trap managers currently configured. • Trap Manager IP Address – IP address of the host (the targeted recipient).

  • Page 98: User Authentication

    Console(config)#snmp-server host 192.168.1.19 private version 2c Console(config)#snmp-server enable traps authentication User Authentication You can restrict management access to this switch using the following options: • User Accounts – Manually configure access rights on the switch for specified users.

  • Page 99: Figure 3-24 Access Levels

    Command Attributes • Account List – Displays the current list of user accounts and associated access levels. (Defaults: admin, and guest) • New Account – Displays configuration settings for a new account. User Name – The name of the user. (Maximum length: 8 characters;...

  • Page 100: Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication

    Use the Authentication Settings menu to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords. You can manually configure access rights on the switch, or you can use a remote access authentication server based on RADIUS or TACACS+ protocols.

  • Page 101: Command Usage

    • Authentication – Select the authentication, or authentication sequence required: - Local – User authentication is performed only locally by the switch. - Radius – User authentication is performed using a RADIUS server only. - TACACS – User authentication is performed using a TACACS+ server only.

  • Page 102: Radius Settings

    (Range: 1-30; Default: 2) - Timeout for a reply – The number of seconds the switch waits for a reply from the RADIUS server before it resends the request. (Range: 1-65535; Default: 5) •...

  • Page 103: Figure 3-25 Authentication Settings

    UTHENTICATION Web – Click Security, Authentication Settings. To configure local or remote authentication preferences, specify the authentication sequence (i.e., one to three methods), fill in the parameters for RADIUS or TACACS+ authentication if selected, and click Apply. Figure 3-25 Authentication Settings 3-53...

  • Page 104: Configuring Https

    Server port number: 200 Console(config)# Configuring HTTPS You can configure the switch to enable the Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) over the Secure Socket Layer (SSL), providing secure access (i.e., an encrypted connection) to the switch’s web interface. Command Usage •...

  • Page 105: Table 3-4 Compatible Operating Systems

    HTTPS Status – Allows you to enable/disable the HTTPS server feature on the switch. (Default: Enabled) • Change HTTPS Port Number – Specifies the UDP port number used for HTTPS/SSL connection to the switch’s web interface. (Default: Port 443) UTHENTICATION Operating System...

  • Page 106: Replacing The Default Secure-Site Certificate

    This is because the certificate has not been signed by an approved certification authority. If you want this warning to be replaced by a message confirming that the connection to the switch is secure, you must obtain a unique certificate and a private key and password from a recognized certification authority.

  • Page 107: Configuring The Secure Shell

    Source certificate file name: <certificate file name> Source private file name: <private key file name> Private password: <password for private key> Note: The switch must be reset for the new certificate to be activated. To reset the switch, type: Configuring the Secure Shell The Berkley-standard includes remote access tools originally designed for Unix systems.
  • Page 108 Authentication Settings page (page 3-50). If public key authentication is specified by the client, then you must configure authentication keys on both the client and the switch as described in the following section. Note that regardless of whether you use public key or password authentication, you still have to generate authentication keys on the switch (SSH Host Key Settings) and enable the SSH server (Authentication Settings).
  • Page 109 The switch compares the client's public key to those stored in memory. c. If a match is found, the switch uses the public key to encrypt a random sequence of bytes, and sends this string to the client. d. The client uses its private key to decrypt the bytes, and sends the decrypted bytes back to the switch.

  • Page 110: Generating The Host Key Pair

    Generating the Host Key Pair A host public/private key pair is used to provide secure communications between an SSH client and the switch. After generating this key pair, you must provide the host public key to SSH clients and import the client’s public key to the switch as described in the proceeding section (Command Usage).

  • Page 111: Figure 3-27 Ssh Host-Key Settings

    the client to select either DES (56-bit) or 3DES (168-bit) for data encryption. • Save Host-Key from Memory to Flash – Saves the host key from RAM (i.e., volatile memory to flash memory. Otherwise, the host key pair is stored to RAM by default. Note that you must select this item prior to generating the host-key pair.

  • Page 112: Configuring The Ssh Server

    (Default: Disabled) • Version – The Secure Shell version number. Version 2.0 is displayed, but the switch supports management access via either SSH Version 1.5 or 2.0 clients. • SSH Authentication Timeout – Specifies the time interval in seconds that the SSH server waits for a response from a client during an authentication attempt.

  • Page 113: Figure 3-28 Ssh Server Settings

    SSH Server-Key Size – Specifies the SSH server key size. (Range: 512-896 bits; Default:768) - The server key is a private key that is never shared outside the switch. - The host key is shared with the SSH client, and is fixed at 1024 bits.

  • Page 114: Configuring Port Security

    Console#disconnect 0 Console# Configuring Port Security Port security is a feature that allows you to configure a switch port with one or more device MAC addresses that are authorized to access the network through that port. When port security is enabled on a port, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port when it has reached a configured maximum number.
  • Page 115 Any other device that attempts to use the port will be prevented from accessing the switch. Command Usage • A secure port has the following restrictions: - It cannot use port monitoring.

  • Page 116: Configuring 802.1X Port Authentication

    The IEEE 802.1X (dot1X) standard defines a port-based access control procedure that prevents unauthorized access to a network by requiring users to first submit credentials for authentication. Access to all switch ports in a network can be centrally controlled from a server, which means that authorized users can use the same credentials for authentication from any point within the network.

  • Page 117: Authentication Radius Server

    RADIUS authentication must be enabled on the switch and the IP address of the RADIUS server specified. • Each switch port that will be used must be set to dot1X “Auto” mode. • Each client that needs to be authenticated must have dot1X client software installed and properly configured.

  • Page 118: Displaying 802.1X Global Settings

    – MD5. (Some clients have native support in Windows, otherwise the dot1x client must support it.) Displaying 802.1X Global Settings The 802.1X protocol provides port authentication. The 802.1X protocol must be enabled globally for the switch system before port settings are active. Command Attributes •...

  • Page 119: Configuring 802.1X Global Settings

    802.1X is disabled on port 26 Console# Configuring 802.1X Global Settings The 802.1X protocol includes port authentication. The 802.1X protocol must be enabled globally for the switch system before port settings are active. Command Attributes • 802.1X System Authentication Control – Sets the global setting for 802.1X.

  • Page 120: Configuring Port Settings For 802.1X

    • Re-authen – Sets the client to be re-authenticated after the interval specified by the Re-authentication Period. Re-authentication can be used to detect if a new device is plugged into a switch port. (Default: Disabled) 3-70 4-109...

  • Page 121: Figure 3-32 802.1X Port Configuration

    EAP request packet to the client before it times out the authentication session. (Range: 1-10; Default 2) • Quiet Period – Sets the time that a switch port waits after the Max Request Count has been exceeded before attempting to acquire a new client. (Range: 1-65535 seconds; Default: 60) •...
  • Page 122 ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – This example sets the 802.1X parameters on port 2. For a description of the additional fields displayed in this example, see “show dot1x” on page 4-115. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x port-control auto Console(config-if)#dot1x re-authentication Console(config-if)#dot1x max-req 5 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout quiet-period 30 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout re-authperiod 1800 Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout tx-period 40...

  • Page 123: Displaying 802.1X Statistics

    Displaying 802.1X Statistics This switch can display statistics for dot1x protocol exchanges for any port. Parameter Rx EAPOL Start Rx EAPOL Logoff Rx EAPOL Invalid Rx EAPOL Total Rx EAP Resp/Id Rx EAP Resp/Oth Rx EAP LenError Rx Last EAPOLVer...

  • Page 124: Figure 3-33 Displaying 802.1X Port Statistics

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Select Security, 802.1X, Statistics. Select the required port and then click Query. Click Refresh to update the statistics. Figure 3-33 Displaying 802.1X Port Statistics CLI – This example displays the 802.1X statistics for port 4. Console#show dot1x statistics interface ethernet 1/4 Eth 1/4 Rx: EAPOL...

  • Page 125: Filtering Addresses For Management Access

    • If anyone tries to access a management interface on the switch from an invalid address, the switch will reject the connection, enter an event message in the system log, and send a trap message to the trap manager.

  • Page 126: Figure 3-34 Creating A Web Ip Filter List

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Start IP Address – A single IP address, or the starting address of a range. • End IP Address – The end address of a range. • Add/Remove Filtering Entry – Adds/removes an IP address from the list.

  • Page 127: Access Control Lists

    An ACL is a sequential list of permit or deny conditions that apply to IP addresses, MAC addresses, or other more specific criteria. This switch tests ingress or egress packets against the conditions in an ACL one by one. A packet will be accepted as soon as it matches a permit rule, or dropped as soon as it matches a deny rule.

  • Page 128: Setting The Acl Name And Type

    20. • This switch supports ACLs for ingress filtering only. However, you can only bind one IP ACL to any port and one MAC ACL globally for ingress filtering. In other words, only two ACLs can be bound to an interface - Ingress IP ACL and Ingress MAC ACL.

  • Page 129: Figure 3-35 Selecting Acl Type

    MAC: MAC ACL mode that filters packets based on the source or destination MAC address and the Ethernet frame type (RFC 1060). Web – Click Security, ACL, Configuration. Enter an ACL name in the Name field, select the list type (IP Standard, IP Extended, or MAC), and click Add to open the configuration page for the new list.

  • Page 130: Configuring A Standard Ip Acl

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Configuring a Standard IP ACL Command Attributes • Action – An ACL can contain any combination of permit or deny rules. • Address Type – Specifies the source IP address. Use “Any” to include all possible addresses, “Host” to specify a specific host address in the Address field, or “IP”...

  • Page 131: Configuring An Extended Ip Acl

    Web – Specify the action (i.e., Permit or Deny). Select the address type (Any, Host, or IP). If you select “Host,” enter a specific address. If you select “IP,” enter a subnet address and the mask for an address range. Then click Add.
  • Page 132 ONFIGURING THE WITCH to specify a range of addresses with the Address and SubMask fields. (Options: Any, Host, IP; Default: Any) • Source/Destination Address – Source or destination IP address. • Source/Destination Subnet Mask – Subnet mask for source or destination address.

  • Page 133: Figure 3-37 Acl Configuration - Extended Ip

    For example, use the code value and mask below to catch packets with the following flags set: SYN flag valid, use control-code 2, control bitmask 2 Both SYN and ACK valid, use control-code 18, control bitmask SYN valid and ACK invalid, use control-code 2, control bitmask Web –...

  • Page 134: Configuring A Mac Acl

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH 3. Permit all TCP packets from class C addresses 192.168.1.0 with the TCP control code set to “SYN.” Console(config-ext-acl)#permit 10.7.1.1 255.255.255.0 any Console(config-ext-acl)#permit tcp 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 any destination-port 80 Console(config-ext-acl)#permit tcp 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 any control-flag 2 2 Console(config-std-acl)# Configuring a MAC ACL Command Attributes...

  • Page 135: Figure 3-38 Acl Configuration - Mac

    Web – Specify the action (i.e., Permit or Deny). Specify the source and/or destination addresses. Select the address type (Any, Host, or MAC). If you select “Host,” enter a specific address (e.g., 11-22-33-44-55-66). If you select “MAC,” enter a base address and a hexidecimal bitmask for an address range.

  • Page 136: Binding A Port To An Access Control List

    You must configure a mask for an ACL rule before you can bind it to a port. • This switch only supports ACLs for ingress filtering. You can only bind one IP ACL to any port, and one MAC ACL globally, for ingress filtering.

  • Page 137: Figure 3-39 Binding A Port To An Acl

    Web – Click Security, ACL, Port Binding. Mark the Enabled field for the port you want to bind to an ACL, select the required ACL from the drop-down list, then click Apply. Figure 3-39 Binding a Port to an ACL CLI –...

  • Page 138: Port Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Port Configuration Displaying Connection Status You can use the Port Information or Trunk Information pages to display the current connection status, including link state, speed/duplex mode, flow control, and auto-negotiation. Field Attributes (Web) • Name – Interface label. •...

  • Page 139: Figure 3-40 Displaying Port/Trunk Information

    Port type – Indicates the port type. (100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T, or SFP) • MAC address – The physical layer address for this port. (To access this item on the web, see “Setting the Switch’s IP Address” on page 3-17.) Configuration: •...
  • Page 140 ONFIGURING THE WITCH - 10full - Supports 10 Mbps full-duplex operation - 100half - Supports 100 Mbps half-duplex operation - 100full - Supports 100 Mbps full-duplex operation - 1000full - Supports 1000 Mbps full-duplex operation - Sym - Transmits and receives pause frames for flow control - FC - Supports flow control •...

  • Page 141: Configuring Interface Connections

    CLI – This example shows the connection status for Port 5. Console#show interfaces status ethernet 1/5 Information of Eth 1/5 Basic information: Port type: Mac address: Configuration: Name: Port admin: Speed-duplex: Capabilities: Broadcast storm: Broadcast storm limit: Flow control: Lacp: Port security: Max MAC count: Port security action:...

  • Page 142: Control Options

    - FC - Supports flow control - Flow control can eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. When enabled, back pressure is used for half-duplex operation and IEEE 802.3x for full-duplex operation. (Avoid using flow control on a port connected to a hub unless it is actually required to solve a problem.

  • Page 143: Creating Trunk Groups

    You can create up to four trunks at a time. The switch supports both static trunking and dynamic Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). Static trunks have to be manually configured at both ends of the link, and the switches must comply with the Cisco EtherChannel standard.
  • Page 144 Finish configuring port trunks before you connect the corresponding network cables between switches to avoid creating a loop. • You can create up to four trunks on the switch, with up to eight ports per trunk. • The ports at both ends of a connection must be configured as trunk ports.

  • Page 145: Statically Configuring A Trunk

    However, note that the static trunks on this switch are Cisco EtherChannel compatible. • To avoid creating a loop in the network, be sure you add a static...

  • Page 146: Figure 3-42 Configuring Port Trunks

    Web – Click Port, Trunk Membership. Enter a trunk ID of 1-4 in the Trunk field, select any of the switch ports from the scroll-down port list, and click Add. After you have completed adding ports to the member list, click Apply.

  • Page 147: Enabling Lacp On Selected Ports

    CLI – This example creates trunk 2 with ports 1 and 2. Just connect these ports to two static trunk ports on another switch to form a trunk. Console(config)#interface port-channel 2 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#channel-group 2 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2...

  • Page 148: Figure 3-43 Lacp Configuration

    ID. • If more than eight ports attached to the same target switch have LACP enabled, the additional ports will be placed in standby mode, and will only be enabled if one of the active links fails.

  • Page 149: Configuring Lacp Parameters

    CLI – The following example enables LACP for ports 1 to 6. Just connect these ports to LACP-enabled trunk ports on another switch to form a trunk. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#lacp Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/6 Console(config-if)#lacp Console(config-if)#end Console#show interfaces status port-channel 1...
  • Page 150 - Ports must be configured with the same system priority to join the same LAG. - System priority is combined with the switch’s MAC address to form the LAG identifier. This identifier is used to indicate a specific LAG during LACP negotiations with other systems.

  • Page 151: Figure 3-44 Lacp Port Configuration

    ONFIGURATION Web – Click Port, LACP, Aggregation Port. Set the System Priority, Admin Key, and Port Priority for the Port Actor. You can optionally configure these settings for the Port Partner. (Be aware that these settings only affect the administrative state of the partner, and will not take effect until the next time an aggregate link is formed with this device.) After you have completed setting the port LACP parameters, click Apply.
  • Page 152 ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example configures LACP parameters for ports 1-4. Ports 1-4 are used as active members of the LAG. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#lacp actor system-priority 3 Console(config-if)#lacp actor admin-key 120 Console(config-if)#lacp actor port-priority 128 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/4 Console(config-if)#lacp actor system-priority 3 Console(config-if)#lacp actor admin-key 120...

  • Page 153: Displaying Lacp Port Counters

    Displaying LACP Port Counters You can display statistics for LACP protocol messages. Table 3-6 LACP Port Counters Field LACPDUs Sent LACPDUs Received Marker Sent Marker Received LACPDUs Unknown Pkts LACPDUs Illegal Pkts Web – Click Port, LACP, Port Counters Information. Select a member port to display the corresponding information.

  • Page 154: Displaying Lacp Settings And Status For The Local Side

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – The following example displays LACP counters. Console#show lacp counters Port channel : 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth 1/ 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- LACPDUs Sent: LACPDUs Receive: Marker Sent: Marker Receive: LACPDUs Unknown Pkts: 0 LACPDUs Illegal Pkts: 0 Console# Displaying LACP Settings and Status for the Local Side You can display configuration settings and the operational state for the local side of an link aggregation.
  • Page 155 Table 3-7 LACP Internal Configuration Information (Continued) Field Description LACP Port LACP port priority assigned to this interface within the channel Priority group. Admin State, Administrative or operational values of the actor’s state parameters: Oper State • Expired – The actor’s receive machine is in the expired state; •...

  • Page 156: Figure 3-46 Lacp - Port Internal Information

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, LACP, Port Internal Information. Select a port channel to display the corresponding information. Figure 3-46 LACP - Port Internal Information CLI – The following example displays the LACP configuration settings and operational state for the local side of port channel 1. Console#show lacp 1 internal Port channel : 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------...

  • Page 157: Displaying Lacp Settings And Status For The Remote Side

    Displaying LACP Settings and Status for the Remote Side You can display configuration settings and the operational state for the remote side of an link aggregation. Table 3-8 LACP Neighbor Configuration Information Field Description Partner Admin LAG partner’s system ID assigned by the user. System ID Partner Oper System LAG partner’s system ID assigned by the LACP protocol.

  • Page 158: Figure 3-47 Lacp - Port Neighbors Information

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, LACP, Port Neighbors Information. Select a port channel to display the corresponding information. Figure 3-47 LACP - Port Neighbors Information CLI – The following example displays the LACP configuration settings and operational state for the remote side of port channel 1. Console#show lacp 1 neighbors Port channel 1 neighbors -------------------------------------------------------------------...

  • Page 159: Setting Broadcast Storm Thresholds

    • Broadcast Storm Control is enabled by default. • Broadcast control does not effect IP multicast traffic. • The specified threshold applies to all ports on the switch. Command Attributes • Port – Port number. • Trunk – Trunk number.

  • Page 160: Figure 3-48 Port Broadcast Control

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, Port/Trunk Broadcast Control. Set the threshold, mark the Enabled field for the desired interface and click Apply. 3-110 Figure 3-48 Port Broadcast Control...

  • Page 161: Configuring Port Mirroring

    CLI – Specify any interface, and then enter the threshold. The following disables broadcast storm control for port 1, and then sets broadcast suppression at 600 octets per second for port 2 (which applies to all ports). Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#no switchport broadcast Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/2...

  • Page 162: Figure 3-49 Mirror Port Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Command Attributes • Mirror Sessions – Displays a list of current mirror sessions. • Source Unit – The unit whose port traffic will be monitored. • Source Port – The port whose traffic will be monitored. • Type –...

  • Page 163: Configuring Rate Limits

    Configuring Rate Limits This function allows the network manager to control the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received on a port. Rate limiting is configured on ports at the edge of a network to limit traffic coming into or out of the network.

  • Page 164: Rate Limit Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI - This example sets and displays Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet granularity. Console(config)#rate-limit fastethernet granularity 512 Console(config)#rate-limit gigabitethernet granularity 33300 4-162 console#show rate-limit Fast ethernet granularity: Gigabit ethernet granularity: Console# Rate Limit Configuration Use the rate limit configuration pages to apply rate limiting. Command Usage •...

  • Page 165: Showing Port Statistics

    RMON MIB. Interfaces and Ethernet-like statistics display errors on the traffic passing through each port. This information can be used to identify potential problems with the switch (such as a faulty port or unusually heavy loading). RMON statistics provide access to a broad range of statistics, including a total count of different frame types and sizes passing through each port.

  • Page 166: Table 3-9 Port Statistics

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Note: RMON groups 2, 3 and 9 can only be accessed using SNMP management software such as MC EliteView. Parameter Interface Statistics Received Octets Received Unicast Packets Received Multicast Packets Received Broadcast Packets Received Discarded Packets Received Unknown Packets Received Errors Transmit Octets...
  • Page 167 Table 3-9 Port Statistics (Continued) Parameter Transmit Multicast Packets Transmit Broadcast Packets Transmit Discarded Packets Transmit Errors Etherlike Statistics Alignment Errors Late Collisions FCS Errors Excessive Collisions Single Collision Frames The number of successfully transmitted frames for Internal MAC Transmit Errors Description The total number of packets that higher-level protocols...
  • Page 168 ONFIGURING THE WITCH Parameter Multiple Collision Frames Carrier Sense Errors SQE Test Errors Frames Too Long Deferred Transmissions A count of frames for which the first transmission Internal MAC Receive Errors RMON Statistics Drop Events Jabbers Received Bytes Collisions Received Frames Broadcast Frames 3-118 Table 3-9 Port Statistics (Continued)
  • Page 169 Table 3-9 Port Statistics (Continued) Parameter Multicast Frames CRC/Alignment Errors The number of CRC/alignment errors (FCS or Undersize Frames Oversize Frames Fragments 64 Bytes Frames 65-127 Byte Frames 128-255 Byte Frames 256-511 Byte Frames 512-1023 Byte Frames 1024-1518 Byte Frames 1519-1536 Byte Frames Description The total number of good frames received that were...

  • Page 170: Figure 3-52 Port Statistics

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Port, Port Statistics. Select the required interface, and click Query. You can also use the Refresh button at the bottom of the page to update the screen. 3-120 Figure 3-52 Port Statistics...
  • Page 171 CLI – This example shows statistics for port 13. Console#show interfaces counters ethernet 1/13 Ethernet 1/13 Iftable stats: Octets input: 868453, Octets output: 3492122 Unicast input: 7315, Unitcast output: 6658 Discard input: 0, Discard output: 0 Error input: 0, Error output: 0 Unknown protos input: 0, QLen output: 0 Extended iftable stats: Multi-cast input: 0, Multi-cast output: 17027...

  • Page 172: Address Table Settings

    Setting Static Addresses A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table.

  • Page 173: Displaying The Address Table

    Displaying the Address Table The Dynamic Address Table contains the MAC addresses learned by monitoring the source address for traffic entering the switch. When the destination address for inbound traffic is found in the database, the packets intended for that address are forwarded directly to the associated port.

  • Page 174: Figure 3-54 Configuring A Dynamic Address Table

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH • MAC Address – Physical address associated with this interface. • VLAN – ID of configured VLAN (1-4094). • Address Table Sort Key – You can sort the information displayed based on MAC address, VLAN or interface (port or trunk). •...

  • Page 175: Changing The Aging Time

    The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your network to ensure...
  • Page 176 RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1w) STA uses a distributed algorithm to select a bridging device (STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) that serves as the root of the spanning tree network. It selects a root port on each bridging device (except for the root device) which incurs the lowest path cost when forwarding a packet from that device to the root device.

  • Page 177: Displaying Global Settings

    STA Information screen. Field Attributes • Spanning Tree State – Shows if the switch is enabled to participate in an STA-compliant network. • Bridge ID – A unique identifier for this bridge, consisting of the bridge priority and MAC address (where the address is taken from the switch system).
  • Page 178 Designated Root – The priority and MAC address of the device in the Spanning Tree that this switch has accepted as the root device. - Root Port – The number of the port on this switch that is closest to the root. This switch communicates with the root device through this port.

  • Page 179: Figure 3-56 Sta Information

    • Root Forward Delay – The maximum time (in seconds) this device will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to learning to forwarding). This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a discarding state;...

  • Page 180: Each Port

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH CLI – This command displays global STA settings, followed by settings for each port. Console#show spanning-tree Spanning-tree information --------------------------------------------------------------- Spanning tree mode Spanning tree enable/disable Priority Bridge Hello Time (sec.) Bridge Max Age (sec.) Bridge Forward Delay (sec.) Root Hello Time (sec.) Root Max Age (sec.) Root Forward Delay (sec.)

  • Page 181: Configuring Global Settings

    RSTP node transmits, as described below: - STP Mode – If the switch receives an 802.1D BPDU (i.e., STP BPDU) after a port’s migration delay timer expires, the switch assumes it is connected to an 802.1D bridge and starts using only 802.1D BPDUs.
  • Page 182 ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Priority – Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device.
  • Page 183 • Forward Delay – The maximum time (in seconds) this device will wait before changing states (i.e., discarding to learning to forwarding). This delay is required because every device must receive information about topology changes before it starts to forward frames. In addition, each port needs time to listen for conflicting information that would make it return to a discarding state;...

  • Page 184: Figure 3-57 Sta Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Spanning Tree, STA, Configuration. Modify the required attributes, and click Apply. CLI – This example enables Spanning Tree Protocol, sets the mode to RSTP, and then configures the STA and RSTP parameters. Console(config)#spanning-tree Console(config)#spanning-tree mode rstp Console(config)#spanning-tree priority 45056 Console(config)#spanning-tree hello-time 5 Console(config)#spanning-tree max-age 38...

  • Page 185: Displaying Interface Settings

    - A port on a network segment with no other STA compliant bridging device is always forwarding. - If two ports of a switch are connected to the same segment and there is no other STA device attached to this segment, the port with the smaller ID forwards packets and the other is discarding.
  • Page 186 WITCH • Designated Port – The port priority and number of the port on the designated bridging device through which this switch must communicate with the root of the Spanning Tree. • Oper Link Type – The operational point-to-point status of the LAN segment attached to this interface.
  • Page 187 Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch is the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree.

  • Page 188: Figure 3-58 Sta Port Information

    - Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge. - Shared – A connection to two or more bridges. - Auto – The switch automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media.

  • Page 189: Configuring Interface Settings

    CLI – This example shows the STA attributes for port 5. Console#show spanning-tree ethernet 1/5 1/ 5 information -------------------------------------------------------------- Admin status Role State Path cost Priority Designated cost Designated port Designated root Designated bridge Fast forwarding Forward transitions Admin edge port Oper edge port Admin Link type Oper Link type...
  • Page 190 Priority – Defines the priority used for this port in the Spanning Tree Protocol. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (i.e., lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the Spanning Tree.
  • Page 191 - Point-to-Point – A connection to exactly one other bridge. - Shared – A connection to two or more bridges. - Auto – The switch automatically determines if the interface is attached to a point-to-point link or to shared media. (This is the default setting) •...

  • Page 192: Vlan Configuration

    IEEE 802.1Q VLANs In large networks, routers are used to isolate broadcast traffic for each subnet into separate domains. This switch provides a similar service at Layer 2 by using VLANs to organize any group of network nodes into separate broadcast domains. VLANs confine broadcast traffic to the originating group, and can eliminate broadcast storms in large networks.

  • Page 193: Assigning Ports To Vlans

    Priority tagging Assigning Ports to VLANs Before enabling VLANs for the switch, you must first assign each port to the VLAN group(s) in which it will participate. By default all ports are assigned to VLAN 1 as untagged ports. Add a port as a tagged port if you...
  • Page 194 VLAN Classification – When the switch receives a frame, it classifies the frame in one of two ways. If the frame is untagged, the switch assigns the frame to an associated VLAN (based on the default VLAN ID of the receiving port).
  • Page 195 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN protocol, it can be configured to broadcast a message to your network indicating the VLAN groups it wants to join. When this switch receives these messages, it will automatically place the receiving port in the specified VLANs, and then forward the message to all other ports.

  • Page 196: Forwarding Tagged/Untagged Frames

    When forwarding a frame from this switch along a path that contains any VLAN-aware devices, the switch should include VLAN tags. When forwarding a frame from this switch along a path that does not contain any VLAN-aware devices (including the destination host), the switch must first strip off the VLAN tag before forwarding the frame.

  • Page 197: Enabling Or Disabling Gvrp (Global Setting)

    GVRP must be enabled to permit automatic VLAN registration, and to support VLANs which extend beyond the local switch. (Default: Disabled) Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, GVRP Status. Enable or disable GVRP, and click Apply.

  • Page 198: Displaying Current Vlans

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Maximum Number of Supported VLANs – Maximum number of VLANs that can be configured on this switch. Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Basic Information. CLI – Enter the following command. Console#show bridge-ext Max support vlan numbers:...

  • Page 199: Figure 3-62 Displaying Current Vlans

    • Status – Shows how this VLAN was added to the switch. - Dynamic GVRP: Automatically learned via GVRP. - Permanent: Added as a static entry. • Egress Ports – Shows all the VLAN port members. • Untagged Ports – Shows the untagged VLAN port members.

  • Page 200: Creating Vlans

    Console# Creating VLANs Use the VLAN Static List to create or remove VLAN groups. To propagate information about VLAN groups used on this switch to external network devices, you must specify a VLAN ID for each of these groups. Command Attributes •...

  • Page 201: Vlan C Onfiguration

    • State (CLI) – Enables or disables the specified VLAN. - Active: VLAN is operational. - Suspend: VLAN is suspended; i.e., does not pass packets. • Add – Adds a new VLAN group to the current list. • Remove – Removes a VLAN group from the current list. If any port is assigned to this group as untagged, it will be reassigned to VLAN group 1 as untagged.

  • Page 202: Adding Static Members To Vlans (Vlan Index)

    VLAN compliant devices, or untagged they are not connected to any VLAN-aware devices. Or configure a port as forbidden to prevent the switch from automatically adding it to a VLAN via the GVRP protocol. Notes: 1. You can also use the VLAN Static Membership by Port page to configure VLAN groups based on the port index (page 3-154).
  • Page 203 • Membership Type – Select VLAN membership for each interface by marking the appropriate radio button for a port or trunk: - Tagged: Interface is a member of the VLAN. All packets transmitted by the port will be tagged, that is, carry a tag and therefore carry VLAN or CoS information.

  • Page 204: Adding Static Members To Vlans (Port Index)

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Static Table. Select a VLAN ID from the scroll-down list. Modify the VLAN name and status if required. Select the membership type by marking the appropriate radio button in the list of ports or trunks.

  • Page 205: Figure 3-65 Vlan Static Membership By Port

    • Member – VLANs for which the selected interface is a tagged member. • Non-Member – VLANs for which the selected interface is not a tagged member. Web – Open VLAN, 802.1Q VLAN, Static Membership by Port. Select an interface from the scroll-down box (Port or Trunk). Click Query to display membership information for the interface.

  • Page 206: Configuring Vlan Behavior For Interfaces

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Configuring VLAN Behavior for Interfaces You can configure VLAN behavior for specific interfaces, including the default VLAN identifier (PVID), accepted frame types, ingress filtering, GVRP status, and GARP timers. Command Usage • GVRP – GARP VLAN Registration Protocol defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to automatically register VLAN members on interfaces across the network.
  • Page 207 • GVRP Status – Enables/disables GVRP for the interface. GVRP must be globally enabled for the switch before this setting can take effect. (See “Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities” on page 3-15.) When disabled, any GVRP packets received on this port will be discarded and no GVRP registrations will be propagated from other ports.

  • Page 208: Figure 3-66 Vlan Port Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH • Mode – Indicates VLAN membership mode for an interface. (Default: Hybrid) - 1Q Trunk – Specifies a port as an end-point for a VLAN trunk. A trunk is a direct link between two switches, so the port transmits tagged frames that identify the source VLAN.

  • Page 209: Private Vlans

    Private VLANs Private VLANs provide port-based security and isolation between ports within the assigned VLAN. This switch supports three types of private VLAN ports: promiscuous, isolated, and community ports. A promiscuous port can communicate with all interfaces within a private VLAN. An isolated port can only communicate with promiscuous ports within its own VLAN.

  • Page 210: Displaying Current Private Vlans

    VLAN and any host ports a secondary VLAN (i.e., community VLAN). Displaying Current Private VLANs The Private VLAN Information page displays information on the private VLANs configured on the switch, including primary and community VLANs, and their associated interfaces. Command Attributes •...

  • Page 211: Configuring Private Vlans

    VLAN ID drop-down menu. Figure 3-67 Private VLAN Information CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and secondary VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as a host ports and are associated with VLAN 6.

  • Page 212: Figure 3-68 Private Vlan Configuration

    Web – Click VLAN, Private VLAN, Configuration. Enter the VLAN ID number, select Primary, Isolated or Community type, then click Add. To remove a private VLAN from the switch, highlight an entry in the Current list box and then click Remove. Note that all member ports must be removed from the VLAN before it can be deleted.

  • Page 213: Associating Vlans

    Associating VLANs Each community or isolated VLAN must be associated with a primary VLAN. Command Attributes • Primary VLAN ID – ID of primary VLAN (1-4094). • Association – Community or isolated VLANs associated with the selected primary VLAN. • Non-Association –...

  • Page 214: Displaying Private Vlan Interface Information

    Information menus to display the interfaces associated with private VLANs. Command Attributes • Port/Trunk – The switch interface. • PVLAN Port Type – Displays private VLAN port types. - Normal – The port is not configured in a private VLAN.

  • Page 215: Configuring Private Vlan Interfaces

    Information. Figure 3-70 Private VLAN Port Information CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and community VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as host ports and associated with VLAN 6.
  • Page 216 ONFIGURING THE WITCH - Host – The port is a community port and can only communicate with other ports in its own community VLAN, and with the designated promiscuous port(s). - Promiscuous – A promiscuous port can communicate with all interfaces within a private VLAN.

  • Page 217: Figure 3-71 Private Vlan Port Configuration

    Apply. Figure 3-71 Private VLAN Port Configuration CLI – This example shows the switch configured with primary VLAN 5 and secondary VLAN 6. Port 3 has been configured as a promiscuous port and mapped to VLAN 5, while ports 4 and 5 have been configured as a host ports and associated with VLAN 6.

  • Page 218: Class Of Service Configuration

    Layer 2 Queue Settings Setting the Default Priority for Interfaces You can specify the default port priority for each interface on the switch. All untagged packets entering the switch are tagged with the specified default port priority, and then sorted into the appropriate priority queue at the output port.

  • Page 219: Figure 3-72 Port Priority Configuration

    Command Attributes • Default Priority received on the specified interface. (Range: 0-7, Default: 0) • Number of Egress Traffic Classes – The number of queue buffers provided for each port. Web – Click Priority, Default Port Priority or Default Trunk Priority. Modify the default priority for any interface, then click Apply.

  • Page 220: Mapping Cos Values To Egress Queues

    The priority levels recommended in the IEEE 802.1p standard for various network applications are shown in the following table. However, you can map the priority levels to the switch’s output queues in any way that benefits application traffic for your own network.

  • Page 221: Figure 3-73 Traffic Classes

    Console# Note: Mapping specific values for CoS priorities is implemented as an interface configuration command, but any changes will apply to the all interfaces on the switch. 10. CLI shows Queue ID. LASS OF – Output queue buffer. (Range: 0-3, where 3 is the...

  • Page 222: Selecting The Queue Mode

    WITCH Selecting the Queue Mode You can set the switch to service the queues based on a strict rule that requires all traffic in a higher priority queue to be processed before lower priority queues are serviced, or use Weighted Round-Robin (WRR) queuing that specifies a relative weight of each queue.

  • Page 223: Setting The Service Weight For Traffic Classes

    Setting the Service Weight for Traffic Classes This switch uses the Weighted Round Robin (WRR) algorithm to determine the frequency at which it services each priority queue. As described in “Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues” on page 3-170, the traffic classes are mapped to one of the four egress queues provided for each port.

  • Page 224: Layer 3/4 Priority Settings

    Because different priority information may be contained in the traffic, this switch maps priority values to the output queues in the following manner: • The precedence for priority mapping is IP Port Priority, IP Precedence or DSCP Priority, and then Default Port Priority.

  • Page 225: Selecting Ip Precedence/Dscp Priority

    Selecting IP Precedence/DSCP Priority The switch allows you to choose between using IP Precedence or DSCP priority. Select one of the methods or disable this feature. Command Attributes • Disabled – Disables both priority services. (This is the default setting.) •...

  • Page 226: Table 3-12 Mapping Ip Precedence

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Priority Level Command Attributes • IP Precedence Priority Table – Shows the IP Precedence to CoS map. • Class of Service Value – Maps a CoS value to the selected IP Precedence value. Note that “0” represents low priority and “7” represent high priority.

  • Page 227: Table 3-13 Mapping Dscp Priority Values

    CLI – The following example globally enables IP Precedence service on the switch, maps IP Precedence value 1 to CoS value 0 (on port 1), and then displays the IP Precedence settings. Console(config)#map ip precedence Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#map ip precedence 1 cos 0...

  • Page 228: Figure 3-78 Mapping Ip Dscp Priority Values

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Table 3-13 Mapping DSCP Priority Values IP DSCP Value 18, 20, 22, 24 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 38, 40, 42 46, 56 Command Attributes • DSCP Priority Table – Shows the DSCP Priority to CoS map. •...

  • Page 229: Mapping Ip Port Priority

    CLI – The following example globally enables DSCP Priority service on the switch, maps DSCP value 0 to CoS value 1 (on port 1), and then displays the DSCP Priority settings. Console(config)#map ip dscp Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#map ip dscp 1 cos 0...

  • Page 230: Figure 3-79 Ip Port Priority Status

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Web – Click Priority, IP Port Priority Status. Set IP Port Priority Status to Enabled. Click Priority, IP Port Priority. Enter the port number for a network application in the IP Port Number box and the new CoS value in the Class of Service box, and then click Apply.

  • Page 231: Mapping Cos Values To Acls

    CLI – The following example globally enables IP Port Priority service on the switch, maps HTTP traffic on port 5 to CoS value 0, and then displays all the IP Port Priority settings for that port. Console(config)#map ip port Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5...

  • Page 232: Figure 3-81 Acl Cos Priority

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH • ACL CoS Priority Mapping – Displays the configured information. * For information on configuring ACLs, see page 3-77. Web – Click Priority, ACL CoS Priority. Enable mapping for any port, select an ACL from the scroll-down list, then click Add. CLI –...

  • Page 233: Multicast Filtering

    It then propagates the service request up to any neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the multicast service. This procedure is called multicast filtering.

  • Page 234: Layer 2 Igmp (Snooping And Query)

    IGMP querier, you can manually designate a known IGMP querier (i.e., a multicast router/switch) connected over the network to an interface on your switch (page 3-188). This interface will then join all the current multicast groups supported by the attached router/switch to ensure that multicast traffic is passed to all appropriate interfaces within the switch.
  • Page 235 This is also referred to as IGMP Snooping. (Default: Enabled) • Act as IGMP Querier — When enabled, the switch can serve as the Querier, which is responsible for asking hosts if they want to receive multicast traffic. (Default: Enabled) •...

  • Page 236: Figure 3-82 Igmp Configuration

    ONFIGURING THE WITCH Notes: 1. All systems on the subnet must support the same version. 2. Some attributes are only enabled for IGMPv2, including IGMP Report Delay and IGMP Query Timeout. Web – Click IGMP Snooping, IGMP Configuration. Adjust the IGMP settings as required, and then click Apply.

  • Page 237: Displaying Interfaces Attached To A Multicast Router

    VLAN ID – ID of configured VLAN (1-4094). • Multicast Router List – Multicast routers dynamically discovered by this switch or those that are statically assigned to an interface on this switch. Web – Click IGMP Snooping, Multicast Router Port Information. Select the required VLAN ID from the scroll-down list to display the associated multicast routers.

  • Page 238: Specifying Static Interfaces For A Multicast Router

    IGMP querier. Therefore, if the IGMP querier is a known multicast router/ switch connected over the network to an interface (port or trunk) on your switch, you can manually configure the interface (and a specified VLAN) to join all the current multicast groups supported by the attached router.

  • Page 239: Displaying Port Members Of Multicast Services

    Web – Click IGMP Snooping, Static Multicast Router Port Configuration. Specify the interfaces attached to a multicast router, indicate the VLAN which will forward all the corresponding multicast traffic, and then click Add. After you have finished adding interfaces to the list, click Apply. Figure 3-84 Static Multicast Router Port Configuration CLI –...

  • Page 240: Figure 3-85 Ip Multicast Registration Table

    Web – Click IGMP Snooping, IP Multicast Registration Table. Select a VLAN ID and the IP address for a multicast service from the scroll-down lists. The switch will display all the interfaces that are propagating this multicast service. Figure 3-85 IP Multicast Registration Table CLI –...

  • Page 241: Assigning Ports To Multicast Services

    Query Parameters” on page 3-133. For certain applications that require tighter control, you may need to statically configure a multicast service on the switch. First add all the ports attached to participating hosts to a common VLAN, and then assign the multicast service to that VLAN group.

  • Page 242: Figure 3-86 Igmp Member Port Table

    WITCH Web – Click IGMP Snooping, IGMP Member Port Table. Specify the interface attached to a multicast service (via an IGMP-enabled switch or multicast router), indicate the VLAN that will propagate the multicast service, specify the multicast IP address, and click Add. After you have completed adding ports to the member list, click Apply.

  • Page 243: Command Line Interface

    Using the Command Line Interface Accessing the CLI When accessing the management interface for the switch over a direct connection to the server’s console port, or via a Telnet connection, the switch can be managed by entering command keywords and parameters at the prompt.

  • Page 244: Telnet Connection

    Note: The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To access the switch through a Telnet session, you must first set the IP address for the Master unit, and set the default gateway if you are managing the switch from a different IP subnet.
  • Page 245 2. At the prompt, enter the user name and system password. The CLI will display the “Vty-n#” prompt for the administrator to show that you are using privileged access mode (i.e., Privileged Exec), or “Vty-n>” for the guest to show that you are using normal access mode (i.e., Normal Exec), where n indicates the number of the current Telnet session.

  • Page 246: Entering Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE Entering Commands This section describes how to enter CLI commands. Keywords and Arguments A CLI command is a series of keywords and arguments. Keywords identify a command, and arguments specify configuration parameters. For example, in the command “show interfaces status ethernet 1/5,” show interfaces and status are keywords, ethernet is an argument that specifies the interface type, and 1/5 specifies the unit/port.

  • Page 247: Command Completion

    Command Completion If you terminate input with a Tab key, the CLI will print the remaining characters of a partial keyword up to the point of ambiguity. In the “logging history” example, typing log followed by a tab will result in printing the command up to “logging.”...

  • Page 248: Showing Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE Showing Commands If you enter a “?” at the command prompt, the system will display the first level of keywords for the current command class (Normal Exec or Privileged Exec) or configuration class (Global, ACL, Interface, Line or VLAN Database).

  • Page 249: Partial Keyword Lookup

    The command “show interfaces ?” will display the following information: Console#show interfaces ? counters status switchport Console# Partial Keyword Lookup If you terminate a partial keyword with a question mark, alternatives that match the initial letters are provided. (Remember not to leave a space between the command and question mark.) For example “s?”...

  • Page 250: Understanding Command Modes

    You must be in Global Configuration mode to access any of the other configuration modes. Exec Commands When you open a new console session on the switch with the user name and password “guest,” the system enters the Normal Exec command mode (or guest mode), displaying the “Console>” command prompt.

  • Page 251: Configuration Commands

    Configuration commands are privileged level commands used to modify switch settings. These commands modify the running configuration only and are not saved when the switch is rebooted. To store the running configuration in non-volatile storage, use the copy running-config startup-config command.

  • Page 252: Table 4-2 Configuration Modes

    OMMAND NTERFACE • Line Configuration - These commands modify the console port and Telnet configuration, and include command such as parity and databits. • VLAN Configuration - Includes the command to create VLAN groups. To enter the Global Configuration mode, enter the command configure in Privileged Exec mode.

  • Page 253: Command Line Processing

    Command Line Processing Commands are not case sensitive. You can abbreviate commands and parameters as long as they contain enough letters to differentiate them from any other currently available commands or parameters. You can use the Tab key to complete partial commands, or enter a partial command followed by the “?”...

  • Page 254: Command Groups

    Controls system logs, system passwords, user name, browser management options, and a variety of other system information Manages code image or switch configuration files Configures logon access using local or remote authentication; also configures port security and IEEE 802.1X port access control...
  • Page 255 Configures the address table for filtering specified addresses, displays current entries, clears the table, or sets the aging time Spanning Tree Configures Spanning Tree settings for the switch VLANs Configures VLAN settings, and defines port membership for VLAN groups; also enables or...

  • Page 256: Line Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE Line Commands You can access the onboard configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the server’s serial port. These commands are used to set communication parameters for the serial port or Telnet (i.e., a virtual terminal). Command line login...

  • Page 257: Line

    line This command identifies a specific line for configuration, and to process subsequent line configuration commands. Syntax line {console | vty} - console - Console terminal line. - vty - Virtual terminal for remote console access (i.e., Telnet). Default Setting There is no default line.

  • Page 258: Login

    Command Mode Line Configuration Command Usage • There are three authentication modes provided by the switch itself at login: • login selects authentication by a single global password as specified by the password line configuration command. When using this method, the management interface starts in Normal Exec (NE) mode.

  • Page 259: Password

    Example Console(config-line)#login local Console(config-line)# Related Commands username (4-36) password (4-17) password This command specifies the password for a line. Use the no form to remove the password. Syntax password {0 | 7} password no password - {0 | 7} - 0 means plain password, 7 means encrypted password - password - Character string that specifies the line password.

  • Page 260: Timeout Login Response

    OMMAND NTERFACE configuration file from a TFTP server. There is no need for you to manually configure encrypted passwords. Example Console(config-line)#password 0 secret Console(config-line)# Related Commands login (4-16) password-thresh (4-20) timeout login response This command sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI.

  • Page 261: Exec-Timeout

    Example To set the timeout to two minutes, enter this command: Console(config-line)#timeout login response 120 Console(config-line)# Related Commands silent-time (4-21) exec-timeout (4-14) exec-timeout This command sets the interval that the system waits until user input is detected. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax exec-timeout [seconds] no exec-timeout...

  • Page 262: Password-Thresh

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example To set the timeout to two minutes, enter this command: Console(config-line)#exec-timeout 120 Console(config-line)# Related Commands silent-time (4-21) timeout login response (4-13) password-thresh This command sets the password intrusion threshold which limits the number of failed logon attempts. Use the no form to remove the threshold value.

  • Page 263: Silent-Time

    Example To set the password threshold to five attempts, enter this command: Console(config-line)#password-thresh 5 Console(config-line)# Related Commands silent-time (4-21) timeout login response (4-13) silent-time This command sets the amount of time the management console is inaccessible after the number of unsuccessful logon attempts exceeds the threshold set by the password-thresh command.

  • Page 264: Databits

    OMMAND NTERFACE databits This command sets the number of data bits per character that are interpreted and generated by the console port. Use the no form to restore the default value. Syntax databits {7 | 8} no databits - 7 - Seven data bits per character. - 8 - Eight data bits per character.

  • Page 265: Parity

    parity This command defines the generation of a parity bit. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax parity {none | even | odd} no parity - none - No parity - even - Even parity - odd - Odd parity Default Setting No parity Command Mode...

  • Page 266: Stopbits

    OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting 9600 Command Mode Line Configuration Command Usage Set the speed to match the baud rate of the device connected to the serial port. Some baud rates available on devices connected to the port might not be supported. The system indicates if the speed you selected is not supported.

  • Page 267: Disconnect

    disconnect This command terminates an SSH, Telnet, or console connection. Syntax disconnect session-id session-id – The session identifier for an SSH, Telnet or console connection. (Range: 0-4) Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage Specifying session identifier “0” will disconnect the console connection.

  • Page 268: L Ine I Nterface

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example To show all lines, enter this command: Console#show line Console configuration: Password threshold: Interactive timeout: Disabled Login timeout: Disabled Silent time: Baudrate: Databits: Parity: Stopbits: VTY configuration: Password threshold: Interactive timeout: 600 sec Login timeout: 300 sec console# 4-26 3 times...

  • Page 269: General Commands

    General Commands Command enable disable configure show history reload exit quit help enable This command activates Privileged Exec mode. In privileged mode, additional commands are available, and certain commands display additional information. See “Understanding Command Modes” on page 4-8. Syntax enable [level] level - Privilege level to log into the device.

  • Page 270: Disable

    This command returns to Normal Exec mode from privileged mode. In normal access mode, you can only display basic information on the switch's configuration or Ethernet statistics. To gain access to all commands, you must use the privileged mode. See “Understanding Command Modes”...

  • Page 271: Configure

    This command activates Global Configuration mode. You must enter this mode to modify any settings on the switch. You must also enter Global Configuration mode prior to enabling some of the other configuration modes, including Interface Configuration, Line Configuration, and VLAN Database Configuration.

  • Page 272: Reload

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage The history buffer size is fixed at 10 Execution commands and 10 Configuration commands. Example In this example, the show history command lists the contents of the command history buffer: Console#show history Execution command history: 2 config 1 show history Configuration command history: 4 interface vlan 1...

  • Page 273: End

    Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage This command resets the entire system. Example This example shows how to reset the switch: Console#reload System will be restarted, continue <y/n>? y This command returns to Privileged Exec mode. Default Setting None Command Mode Global Configuration, Interface Configuration, Line Configuration, and VLAN Database Configuration.

  • Page 274: Quit

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example This example shows how to return to the Privileged Exec mode from the Global Configuration mode, and then quit the CLI session: Console(config)#exit Console#exit Press ENTER to start session User Access Verification Username: quit This command exits the configuration program. Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 275: System Management Commands

    Table 4-8 Device Designation Commands Command Function prompt Customizes the prompt used in PE and NE mode GC hostname Specifies the host name for the switch snmp-server Sets the system contact string contact snmp-server Sets the system location string location...

  • Page 276: Prompt

    OMMAND NTERFACE prompt This command customizes the CLI prompt. Use the no form to restore the default prompt. Syntax prompt string no prompt string - Any alphanumeric string to use for the CLI prompt. (Maximum length: 255 characters) Default Setting Console Command Mode Global Configuration...

  • Page 277: User Access Commands

    User Access Commands The basic commands required for management access are listed in this section. This switch also includes other options for password checking via the console or a Telnet connection (page 4-14), user authentication via a remote authentication server (page 4-95), and host access authentication for specific ports (page 4-108).

  • Page 278: Username

    OMMAND NTERFACE username This command adds named users, requires authentication at login, specifies or changes a user's password (or specify that no password is required), or specifies or changes a user's access level. Use the no form to remove a user name. Syntax username name {access-level level | nopassword | password {0 | 7} password}...

  • Page 279: Enable Password

    Command Usage The encrypted password is required for compatibility with legacy password settings (i.e., plain text or encrypted) when reading the configuration file during system bootup or when downloading the configuration file from a TFTP server. There is no need for you to manually configure encrypted passwords.

  • Page 280: Ip Filter Commands

    Related Commands enable (4-27) authentication enable (4-97) IP Filter Commands Command management show management Displays the switch to be monitored or 4-38 Table 4-11 IP Filter Commands Function Configures IP addresses that are allowed management access configured from a browser...

  • Page 281: Management

    Global Configuration Command Usage • If anyone tries to access a management interface on the switch from an invalid address, the switch will reject the connection, enter an event message in the system log, and send a trap message to the trap manager.

  • Page 282: Show Management

    Console(config)#management all-client 192.168.1.25 192.168.1.30 Console(config)# show management This command displays the client IP addresses that are allowed management access to the switch through various protocols. Syntax show management {all-client | http-client | snmp-client | telnet-client} - all-client - Adds IP address(es) to the SNMP, web and Telnet groups.

  • Page 283: Web Server Commands

    Command Function ip http port Specifies the port to be used by the web browser interface ip http server Allows the switch to be monitored or configured from a browser ip http Enables HTTPS/SSL for encrypted secure-server communications ip http...

  • Page 284: Ip Http Port

    OMMAND NTERFACE ip http port This command specifies the TCP port number used by the web browser interface. Use the no form to use the default port. Syntax ip http port port-number no ip http port port-number - The TCP port to be used by the browser interface. (Range: 1-65535) Default Setting Command Mode...

  • Page 285: Ip Http Secure-Server

    This command enables the secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) over the Secure Socket Layer (SSL), providing secure access (i.e., an encrypted connection) to the switch’s web interface. Use the no form to disable this function. Syntax [no] ip http secure-server...

  • Page 286: Ip Http Secure-Port

    (4-44) copy tftp https-certificate (4-89) ip http secure-port This command specifies the UDP port number used for HTTPS/SSL connection to the switch’s web interface. Use the no form to restore the default port. Syntax ip http secure-port port_number no ip http secure-port port_number –...

  • Page 287: Telnet Server Commands

    Telnet Server Commands Command ip telnet port ip telnet server Allows the switch to be monitored or configured ip telnet port This command specifies the TCP port number used by the Telnet interface. Use the no form to use the default port.

  • Page 288: Ip Telnet Server

    OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#ip telnet port 123 Console(config)# Related Commands ip telnet server (4-46) ip telnet server This command allows this device to be monitored or configured from Telnet. Use the no form to disable this function. Syntax [no] ip telnet server Default Setting...

  • Page 289: Secure Shell Commands

    Telnet. When a client contacts the switch via the SSH protocol, the switch uses a public-key that the client must match along with a local user name and password for access authentication. SSH also encrypts all data...
  • Page 290 4-96. If public key authentication is specified by the client, then you must configure authentication keys on both the client and the switch as described in the following section. Note that regardless of whether you use public key or password authentication, you still have to generate authentication keys on the switch and enable the SSH server.
  • Page 291 SSH server on the switch. 6. Configure Challenge-Response Authentication – When an SSH client attempts to contact the switch, the SSH server uses the host key pair to negotiate a session key and encryption method. Only clients that have a private key corresponding to the public keys stored on the switch can gain access.

  • Page 292: Ip Ssh Server

    The client sends its public key to the switch. b. The switch compares the client's public key to those stored in memory. If a match is found, the switch uses the public key to encrypt a random sequence of bytes, and sends this string to the client.

  • Page 293: Ip Ssh Timeout

    Global Configuration Command Usage The timeout specifies the interval the switch will wait for a response from the client during the SSH negotiation phase. Once an SSH session has been established, the timeout for user input is controlled by the exec-timeout command for vty sessions.

  • Page 294: Ip Ssh Server-Key Size

    OMMAND NTERFACE ip ssh authentication-retries This command configures the number of times the SSH server attempts to reauthenticate a user. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax ip ssh authentication-retries count no ip ssh authentication-retries count – The number of authentication attempts permitted after which the interface is reset.

  • Page 295: Delete Public-Key

    Command Usage • The server key is a private key that is never shared outside the switch. • The host key is shared with the SSH client, and is fixed at 1024 bits. Example Console(config)#ip ssh server-key size 512 Console(config)# delete public-key This command deletes the specified user’s public key.

  • Page 296: Ip Ssh Crypto Zeroize

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage • This command stores the host key pair in memory (i.e., RAM). Use the ip ssh save host-key command to save the host key pair to flash memory. • Some SSH client programs automatically add the public key to the known hosts file as part of the configuration process.

  • Page 297: Ip Ssh Save Host-Key

    Command Usage • This command clears the host key from volatile memory (RAM). Use the no ip ssh save host-key command to clear the host key from flash memory. • The SSH server must be disabled before you can execute this command.

  • Page 298: Show Ip Ssh

    OMMAND NTERFACE show ip ssh This command displays the connection settings used when authenticating client access to the SSH server. Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show ip ssh SSH Enabled - version 1.99 Negotiation timeout: 120 secs; Authentication retries: 3 Server key size: 768 bits Console# show ssh...

  • Page 299: Show Public-Key

    Table 4-16 show ssh - display description (Continued) Field Description Encryption The encryption method is automatically negotiated between the client and server. Options for SSHv1.5 include: DES, 3DES Options for SSHv2.0 can include different algorithms for the client-to-server (ctos) and server-to-client (stoc): aes128-cbc-hmac-sha1 aes192-cbc-hmac-sha1 aes256-cbc-hmac-sha1...

  • Page 300: Privileged Exec

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage • If no parameters are entered, all keys are displayed. If the user keyword is entered, but no user name is specified, then the public keys for all users are displayed. • When an RSA key is displayed, the first field indicates the size of the host key (e.g., 1024), the second field is the encoded public exponent (e.g., 35), and the last string is the encoded modulus.

  • Page 301: Event Logging Commands

    This command controls logging of error messages, sending debug or error messages to switch memory. The no form disables the logging process. Syntax [no] logging on Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 302: Logging History

    Related Commands logging history (4-60) clear logging (4-64) logging history This command limits syslog messages saved to switch memory based on severity. The no form returns the logging of syslog messages to the default level. Syntax logging history {flash | ram} level no logging history {flash | ram} - flash - Event history stored in flash memory (i.e., permanent...

  • Page 303: Logging Host

    Level Severity Name alerts emergencies * There are only Level 2, 5 and 6 error messages for the current firmware release. Default Setting Flash: errors (level 3 - 0) RAM: warnings (level 7 - 0) Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The message level specified for flash memory must be a higher priority (i.e., numerically lower) than that specified for RAM.

  • Page 304: Logging Facility

    The command specifies the facility type tag sent in syslog messages. (See RFC 3164.) This type has no effect on the kind of messages reported by the switch. However, it may be used by the syslog server to sort messages or to store messages in the corresponding database.

  • Page 305: Logging Trap

    logging trap This command enables the logging of system messages to a remote server, or limits the syslog messages saved to a remote server based on severity. Use this command without a specified level to enable remote logging. Use the no form to disable remote logging. Syntax logging trap [level] no logging trap...

  • Page 306: Clear Logging

    Related Commands show logging (4-64) show logging This command displays the configuration settings for logging messages to local switch memory, to an SMTP event handler, or to a remote syslog server. Syntax show logging {flash | ram | sendmail | trap} - flash - Displays settings for storing event messages in flash memory (i.e., permanent memory).

  • Page 307: Default Setting

    - sendmail - Displays settings for the SMTP event handler (page 4-71). - trap - Displays settings for the trap function. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Example The following example shows that system logging is enabled, the message level for flash memory is “errors”...

  • Page 308: Show Log

    OMMAND NTERFACE The following example displays settings for the trap function. Console#show logging trap Syslog logging: Enable REMOTELOG status: disable REMOTELOG facility type: local use 7 REMOTELOG level type: Debugging messages REMOTELOG server IP address: 1.2.3.4 REMOTELOG server IP address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server IP address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server IP address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server IP address: 0.0.0.0...
  • Page 309 - tail - Shows event history starting from the most recent entry. - login - Shows the login record only. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage This command shows the system and event messages stored in memory, including the time stamp, message level (page 4-60), program module, function, and event number.

  • Page 310: Smtp Alert Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE SMTP Alert Commands These commands configure SMTP event handling, and forwarding of alert messages to the specified SMTP servers and email recipients. Command logging sendmail host logging sendmail level logging sendmail source-email logging sendmail destination-email logging sendmail show logging sendmail logging sendmail host This command specifies SMTP servers that will be sent alert messages.

  • Page 311: Logging Sendmail Level

    • To send email alerts, the switch first opens a connection, sends all the email alerts waiting in the queue one by one, and finally closes the connection. • To open a connection, the switch first selects the server that successfully sent mail during the last connection, or the first server configured by this command.

  • Page 312: Logging Sendmail Source-Email

    None Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage You may use an symbolic email address that identifies the switch, or the address of an administrator responsible for the switch. Example This example will set the source email john@acme.com. Console(config)#logging sendmail source-email john@acme.com...

  • Page 313: Logging Sendmail

    Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage You can specify up to five recipients for alert messages. However, you must enter a separate command to specify each recipient. Example Console(config)#logging sendmail destination-email ted@this-company.com Console(config)# logging sendmail This command enables SMTP event handling. Use the no form to disable this function.

  • Page 314: Time Commands

    (NTP or SNTP). Maintaining an accurate time on the switch enables the system log to record meaningful dates and times for event entries. If the clock is not set, the switch will only record the time from the factory default set at the last bootup.

  • Page 315: Sntp Client

    Command Usage • The time acquired from time servers is used to record accurate dates and times for log events. Without SNTP, the switch only records the time starting from the factory default set at the last bootup (i.e., 00:00:00, Jan. 1, 2001).

  • Page 316: Sntp Server

    Global Configuration Command Usage This command specifies time servers from which the switch will poll for time updates when set to SNTP client mode. The client will poll the time servers in the order specified until a response is received. It issues time synchronization requests based on the interval set via the sntp poll command.

  • Page 317: Sntp Poll

    This command sets the interval between sending time requests when the switch is set to SNTP client mode. Use the no form to restore to the default. Syntax sntp poll seconds no sntp poll seconds - Interval between time requests. (Range: 16-16384 seconds)

  • Page 318: Clock Timezone

    SNTP server 137.92.140.80 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Current server: 137.92.140.80 Console# clock timezone This command sets the time zone for the switch’s internal clock. Syntax clock timezone name hour hours minute minutes {before-utc | after-utc} • name - Name of timezone, usually an acronym. (Range: 1-29 characters) •...

  • Page 319: Calendar Set

    (4-75) calendar set This command sets the system clock. It may be used if there is no time server on your network, or if you have not configured the switch to receive signals from a time server. Syntax calendar set hour min sec {day month year | month day year} •...

  • Page 320: Show Calendar

    4-78 Table 4-23 System Status Commands Function Displays the unit ID of a switch using its front-panel LED indicators Displays the contents of the configuration file (stored in flash memory) that is used to start up the system...

  • Page 321: Light Unit

    This command displays the unit ID of a switch using its front-panel LED indicators. Syntax light unit [unit] - unit - specifies a unit in a switch stack to light the panel LEDs Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec...
  • Page 322 - Users (names and access levels) - VLAN database (VLAN ID, name and state) - VLAN configuration settings for each interface - IP address configured for the switch - Spanning tree settings - Any configured settings for the console port and Telnet...

  • Page 323: Related Commands

    Example Console#show startup-config building startup-config, please wait... username admin access-level 15 username admin password 0 admin username guest access-level 0 username guest password 0 guest enable password level 15 0 super snmp-server community public ro snmp-server community private rw logging history ram 6 logging history flash 3 vlan database vlan 1 name DefaultVlan media ethernet state active...

  • Page 324: Show Running-Config

    “!” symbols, and includes the configuration mode command, and corresponding commands. This command displays the following information: - MAC address for each switch in the stack - SNTP server settings - SNMP community strings - Users (names, access levels, and encrypted passwords)
  • Page 325 Example Console#show running-config building running-config, please wait... phymap 5a-a5-aa-55-44-32 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 00-00-00-00-00-00 SNTP server 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 SNMP-server community private rw SNMP-server community public ro username admin access-level 15 username admin password 7 21232f297a57a5a743894a0e4a801fc3 username guest access-level 0 username guest password 7 084e0343a0486ff05530df6c705c8bb4 enable password level 15 7 1b3231655cebb7a1f783eddf27d254ca logging history ram 6...

  • Page 326: Show System

    OMMAND NTERFACE Related Commands show startup-config (4-79) show system This command displays system information. Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage • For a description of the items shown by this command, refer to “Displaying System Information” on page -11. •...

  • Page 327: Show Users

    Example Console#show system System description: 24-Port 10/100Mbps Stackable Managed Switch with 2 optional uplink modules System OID string: 1.3.6.1.4.1.202.20.43 System information System Up time: seconds System Name: System Location: System Contact: MAC address: Web server: Web server port: Web secure server:...

  • Page 328: Show Version

    Default Setting None Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage See “Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions” on page 3-13 for detailed information on the items displayed by this command. 4-86 None None Username Idle time (h:m:s) Remote IP addr.

  • Page 329: Frame Size Commands

    Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • This switch provides more efficient throughput for large sequential data transfers by supporting jumbo frames up to 9216 bytes. Compared to standard Ethernet frames that run only up to 1.5 KB, YSTEM...

  • Page 330: Flash/File Commands

    These commands are used to manage the system code or configuration files. Command Function copy Copies a code image or a switch configuration to or from flash memory or a TFTP server delete Deletes a file or code image Displays a list of files in flash memory...

  • Page 331: Copy

    This command moves (upload/download) a code image or configuration file between the switch’s flash memory and a TFTP server. When you save the system code or configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be downloaded to the switch to restore system operation. The success of the file transfer depends on the accessibility of the TFTP server and the quality of the network connection.
  • Page 332 • To replace the startup configuration, you must use startup-config as the destination. • Use the copy file unit command to copy a local file to another switch in the stack. Use the copy unit file command to copy a file from another switch in the stack.
  • Page 333 \Write to FLASH finish. Success. Console# This example shows how to copy a secure-site certificate from an TFTP server. It then reboots the switch to activate the certificate: Console#copy tftp https-certificate TFTP server ip address: 10.1.0.19 Source certificate file name: SS-certificate...

  • Page 334: Delete

    OMMAND NTERFACE delete This command deletes a file or image. Syntax delete [unit:] filename filename - Name of the configuration file or image name. unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage • If the file type is used for system startup, then this file cannot be deleted.

  • Page 335: Table 4-26 File Directory Information

    - boot-rom - Boot ROM (or diagnostic) image file. - config - Switch configuration file. - opcode - Run-time operation code image file. - filename - Name of the configuration file or image name. - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8)

  • Page 336: Whichboot

    OMMAND NTERFACE whichboot This command displays which files were booted when the system powered Syntax whichboot [unit] unit - Specifies the unit number. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Example This example shows the information displayed by the whichboot command.

  • Page 337: Authentication Commands

    (4-92) whichboot (4-94) Authentication Commands You can configure this switch to authenticate users logging into the system for management access using local or RADIUS authentication methods. You can also enable port-based authentication for network client access using IEEE 802.1X.

  • Page 338: Authentication Sequence

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Group Port Security Port Authentication Configures host authentication on specific ports Authentication Sequence Command authentication login authentication enable Defines the authentication method and authentication login This command defines the login authentication method and precedence. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax authentication login {[local] [radius] [tacacs]} no authentication login...

  • Page 339: Authentication Enable

    access-request packet from the client to the server, while TACACS+ encrypts the entire body of the packet. • RADIUS and TACACS+ logon authentication assigns a specific privilege level for each user name and password pair. The user name, password, and privilege level must be configured on the authentication server.

  • Page 340: Related Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • RADIUS uses UDP while TACACS+ uses TCP. UDP only offers best effort delivery, while TCP offers a connection-oriented transport. Also, note that RADIUS encrypts only the password in the access-request packet from the client to the server, while TACACS+ encrypts the entire body of the packet.

  • Page 341: Radius Client

    RADIUS-aware devices on the network. An authentication server contains a database of multiple user name/password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user or group that require management access to a switch. Command radius-server host radius-server port...

  • Page 342: Radius-Server Port

    • port_number - RADIUS server UDP port used for authentication messages. (Range: 1-65535) • timeout - Number of seconds the switch waits for a reply before resending a request. (Range: 1-65535) • retransmit - Number of times the switch will try to authenticate logon access via the RADIUS server.

  • Page 343: Radius-Server Key

    This command sets the number of retries. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax radius-server retransmit number_of_retries no radius-server retransmit number_of_retries - Number of times the switch will try to authenticate logon access via the RADIUS server. (Range: 1-30) Default Setting UTHENTICATION OMMANDS...

  • Page 344: Radius-Server Timeout

    RADIUS server. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax radius-server timeout number_of_seconds no radius-server timeout number_of_seconds - Number of seconds the switch waits for a reply before resending a request. (Range: 1-65535) Default Setting Command Mode...

  • Page 345: Tacacs+ Client

    TACACS-aware devices on the network. An authentication server contains a database of multiple user name/password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user or group that require management access to a switch. Command tacacs-server host tacacs-server port...

  • Page 346: Tacacs-Server Host

    OMMAND NTERFACE tacacs-server host This command specifies the TACACS+ server. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax tacacs-server host host_ip_address no tacacs-server host host_ip_address - IP address of a TACACS+ server. Default Setting 10.11.12.13 Command Mode Global Configuration Example Console(config)#tacacs-server host 192.168.1.25 Console(config)#...

  • Page 347: Tacacs-Server Key

    Example Console(config)#tacacs-server port 181 Console(config)# tacacs-server key This command sets the TACACS+ encryption key. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax tacacs-server key key_string no tacacs-server key key_string - Encryption key used to authenticate logon access for the client. Do not use blank spaces in the string. (Maximum length: 20 characters) Default Setting None...

  • Page 348: Port Security Commands

    Port Security Commands These commands can be used to enable port security on a port. When using port security, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port when it has reached a configured maximum number. Only incoming traffic with source addresses already stored in the dynamic or static address table for this port will be authorized to access the network.

  • Page 349: Port Security

    Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet) Command Usage • If you enable port security, the switch stops learning new MAC addresses on the specified port when it has reached a configured maximum number. Only incoming traffic with source addresses already stored in the dynamic or static address table will be accepted.

  • Page 350: 802.1X Port Authentication

    (4-179) show mac-address-table (4-181) 802.1X Port Authentication The switch supports IEEE 802.1X (dot1x) port-based access control that prevents unauthorized access to the network by requiring users to first submit credentials for authentication. Client authentication is controlled centrally by a RADIUS server using EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol).
  • Page 351 This command enables 802.1X port authentication globally on the switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax [no] system-auth-control Default Setting Disabled UTHENTICATION Function Sets the maximum number of times that...

  • Page 352: Dot1X Default

    Console(config)#dot1x default Console(config)# dot1x max-req This command sets the maximum number of times the switch port will retransmit an EAP request/identity packet to the client before it times out the authentication session. Use the no form to restore the default.

  • Page 353: Dot1X Port-Control

    Example Console(config)#interface eth 1/2 Console(config-if)#dot1x max-req 2 Console(config-if)# dot1x port-control This command sets the dot1x mode on a port interface. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax dot1x port-control {auto | force-authorized | force-unauthorized} no dot1x port-control • auto – Requires a dot1x-aware connected client to be authorized by the RADIUS server.

  • Page 354: Dot1X Operation-Mode

    OMMAND NTERFACE dot1x operation-mode This command allows single or multiple hosts (clients) to connect to an 802.1X-authorized port. Use the no form with no keywords to restore the default to single host. Use the no form with the multi-host max-count keywords to restore the default maximum count.

  • Page 355: Dot1X Re-Authenticate

    dot1x re-authenticate This command forces re-authentication on all ports or a specific interface. Syntax dot1x re-authenticate [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#dot1x re-authenticate Console# dot1x re-authentication...

  • Page 356: Dot1X Timeout Quiet-Period

    OMMAND NTERFACE dot1x timeout quiet-period This command sets the time that a switch port waits after the Max Request Count has been exceeded before attempting to acquire a new client. Use the no form to reset the default. Syntax dot1x timeout quiet-period seconds no dot1x timeout quiet-period seconds - The number of seconds.

  • Page 357: Dot1X Timeout Tx-Period

    Console(config-if)#dot1x timeout re-authperiod 300 Console(config-if)# dot1x timeout tx-period This command sets the time that an interface on the switch waits during an authentication session before re-transmitting an EAP packet. Use the no form to reset to the default value. Syntax...
  • Page 358 This command displays the following information: • Global 802.1X Parameters – Shows whether or not 802.1X port authentication is globally enabled on the switch. • 802.1X Port Summary – Displays the port access control parameters for each interface, including the following items: - Status - Operation Mode–...
  • Page 359 - Max Count – The maximum number of hosts allowed to access this port (page 4-112). - Port-control – Shows the dot1x mode on a port as auto, force-authorized, or force-unauthorized (page 4-111). - Supplicant – MAC address of authorized client. - Current Identifier–...
  • Page 360 OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show dot1x Global 802.1X Parameters system-auth-control: enable 802.1X Port Summary Port Name Status disabled enabled 1/26 disabled 802.1X Port Details 802.1X is disabled on port 1/1 802.1X is enabled on port 1/2 reauth-enabled: Enable reauth-period: quiet-period: tx-period: supplicant-timeout: server-timeout: 10 reauth-max:...

  • Page 361: Access Control List Commands

    An ACL is a sequential list of permit or deny conditions that apply to IP addresses, MAC addresses, or other more specific criteria. This switch tests ingress or egress packets against the conditions in an ACL one by one. A packet will be accepted as soon as it matches a permit rule, or dropped as soon as it matches a deny rule.

  • Page 362: Ip Acls

    NTERFACE • This switch supports ACLs for ingress filtering only. However, you can only bind one IP ACL to any port and one MAC ACL globally for ingress filtering. In other words, only two ACLs can be bound to an interface - Ingress IP ACL and Ingress MAC ACL.

  • Page 363: Access-List Ip

    Command Function show ip Displays the rules for configured IP ACLs access-list Adds a port to an IP ACL access-group show ip Shows port assignments for IP ACLs access-group map access-list Sets the CoS value and corresponding output queue for packets matching an ACL rule show map Shows CoS value mapped to an access list for access-list ip...

  • Page 364: Command Usage

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage • When you create a new ACL or enter configuration mode for an existing ACL, use the permit or deny command to add new rules to the bottom of the list. To create an ACL, you must add at least one rule to the list.

  • Page 365: Permit, Deny (Extended Acl)

    Command Usage • New rules are appended to the end of the list. • Address bitmasks are similar to a subnet mask, containing four integers from 0 to 255, each separated by a period. The binary mask uses 1 bits to indicate “match” and 0 bits to indicate “ignore.” The bitmask is bitwise ANDed with the specified source IP address, and then compared with the address for each IP packet entering the port(s) to which this ACL has been assigned.
  • Page 366 OMMAND NTERFACE [precedence precedence] [tos tos] [dscp dscp] [source-port sport [end]] [destination-port dport [end]] [control-flag control-flags flag-bitmask] • protocol-number – A specific protocol number. (Range: 0-255) • source – Source IP address. • destination – Destination IP address. • address-bitmask – Decimal number representing the address bits to match.
  • Page 367 • The control-code bitmask is a decimal number (representing an equivalent bit mask) that is applied to the control code. Enter a decimal number, where the equivalent binary bit “1” means to match a bit and “0” means to ignore a bit. The following bits may be specified: 1 (fin) –...

  • Page 368: Show Ip Access-List

    OMMAND NTERFACE Related Commands access-list ip (4-121) show ip access-list This command displays the rules for configured IP ACLs. Syntax show ip access-list {standard | extended} [acl_name] • standard – Specifies a standard IP ACL. • extended – Specifies an extended IP ACL. •...

  • Page 369: Show Ip Access-Group

    • If a port is already bound to an ACL and you bind it to a different ACL, the switch will replace the old binding with the new one. • You must configure a mask for an ACL rule before you can bind it to a port.

  • Page 370: Map Access-List Ip

    OMMAND NTERFACE map access-list ip This command sets the output queue for packets matching an ACL rule. The specified CoS value is only used to map the matching packet to an output queue; it is not written to the packet itself. Use the no form to remove the CoS mapping.

  • Page 371: Show Map Access-List Ip

    show map access-list ip This command shows the CoS value mapped to an IP ACL for the current interface. (The CoS value determines the output queue for packets matching an ACL rule.) Syntax show map access-list ip [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - This is device 1.

  • Page 372: Mac Acls

    OMMAND NTERFACE MAC ACLs Command access-list mac permit, deny show mac access-list mac access-group Adds a port to a MAC ACL show mac access-group map access-list show map access-list mac access-list mac This command adds a MAC access list and enters MAC ACL configuration mode.

  • Page 373: Permit, Deny (Mac Acl)

    Command Usage • When you create a new ACL or enter configuration mode for an existing ACL, use the permit or deny command to add new rules to the bottom of the list. To create an ACL, you must add at least one rule to the list.

  • Page 374: Related Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE • address-bitmask format). • vid – VLAN ID. (Range: 1-4094) • vid-end – Upper bound of VID range. (Range: 1-4094) • protocol – A specific Ethernet protocol number. (Range: 0-65535) • protocol-end – Upper bound of protocol range. (Range: 0-65535) Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 375: Show Mac Access-List

    show mac access-list This command displays the rules for configured MAC ACLs. Syntax show mac access-list [acl_name] acl_name – Name of the ACL. (Maximum length: 16 characters) Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show mac access-list MAC access-list jerry: permit any host 00-e0-29-94-34-de ethertype 0800 Console# Related Commands permit, deny 4-131...

  • Page 376: Show Mac Access-Group

    • A port can only be bound to one ACL. • If a port is already bound to an ACL and you bind it to a different ACL, the switch will replace the old binding with the new one. Example...

  • Page 377: Show Map Access-List Mac

    Default Setting None Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet) Command Usage • You must configure an ACL mask before you can map CoS values to the rule. • A packet matching a rule within the specified ACL is mapped to one of the output queues as shown below.

  • Page 378: Command Mode

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show map access-list mac Access-list to COS of Eth 1/5 Access-list M5 cos 0 Console# Related Commands map access-list mac (4-134) ACL Information Command show access-list show access-group Shows the ACLs assigned to each port show access-list This command shows all ACLs and associated rules, as well as all the user-defined masks.

  • Page 379: Show Access-Group

    Example Console#show access-list IP standard access-list david: permit host 10.1.1.21 permit 168.92.0.0 255.255.15.0 IP extended access-list bob: permit 10.7.1.1 0.0.0.255 any permit 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 any destination-port 80 80 permit 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 any protocol tcp control-code 2 2 MAC access-list jerry: permit any host 00-30-29-94-34-de ethertype 800 800 IP extended access-list A6: deny tcp any any control-flag 2 2...

  • Page 380: Snmp Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE SNMP Commands Controls access to this switch from management stations using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), as well as the error types sent to trap managers. Command snmp-server community snmp-server contact snmp-server location snmp-server host Specifies the recipient of an SNMP...

  • Page 381: Snmp-Server Contact

    • rw - Specifies read/write access. Authorized management stations are able to both retrieve and modify MIB objects. Default Setting • public - Read-only access. Authorized management stations are only able to retrieve MIB objects. • private - Read/write access. Authorized management stations are able to both retrieve and modify MIB objects.

  • Page 382: Snmp-Server Location

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console(config)#snmp-server contact Paul Console(config)# Related Commands snmp-server location (4-140) snmp-server location This command sets the system location string. Use the no form to remove the location string. Syntax snmp-server location text no snmp-server location text - String that describes the system location. (Maximum length: 255 characters) Default Setting None...

  • Page 383: Snmp-Server Host

    Command Usage • If you do not enter an snmp-server host command, no notifications are sent. In order to configure the switch to send SNMP notifications, you must enter at least one snmp-server host command. In order to enable multiple hosts, you must issue a separate snmp-server host command for each host.

  • Page 384: Snmp-Server Enable Traps

    For example, some notification types are always enabled. • The switch can send SNMP version 1 or version 2c notifications to a host IP address, depending on the SNMP version that the management station supports. If the snmp-server host command does not specify the SNMP version, the default is to send SNMP version 1 notifications.

  • Page 385: Show Snmp

    Command Usage • If you do not enter an snmp-server enable traps command, no notifications controlled by this command are sent. In order to configure this device to send SNMP notifications, you must enter at least one snmp-server enable traps command. If you enter the command with no keywords, both authentication and link-up-down notifications are enabled.
  • Page 386 OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show snmp System Contact: Joe System Location: Room 23 SNMP traps: Authentication: enabled Link-up-down: SNMP communities: 1. private, and the privilege is read-write 2. public, and the privilege is read-only 0 SNMP packets input 0 Bad SNMP version errors 0 Unknown community name 0 Illegal operation for community name supplied 0 Encoding errors...

  • Page 387: Interface Commands

    Interface Commands These commands are used to display or set communication parameters for an Ethernet port, aggregated link, or VLAN. Command Function interface Configures an interface type and enters interface configuration mode description Adds a description to an interface configuration IC speed-duplex Configures the speed and duplex operation of a given interface when autonegotiation is disabled negotiation...

  • Page 388: Interface

    OMMAND NTERFACE interface This command configures an interface type and enter interface configuration mode. Use the no form to remove a trunk. Syntax interface interface no interface port-channel channel-id interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number.

  • Page 389: Speed-Duplex

    Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Example The following example adds a description to port 24. Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/24 Console(config-if)#description RD-SW#3 Console(config-if)# speed-duplex This command configures the speed and duplex mode of a given interface when autonegotiation is disabled. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax speed-duplex {1000full | 100full | 100half | 10full | 10half} no speed-duplex...

  • Page 390: Negotiation

    Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • When auto-negotiation is enabled the switch will negotiate the best settings for a link based on the capabilities command. When auto-negotiation is disabled, you must manually specify the link attributes with the speed-duplex and flowcontrol commands.

  • Page 391: Capabilities

    • symmetric (Gigabit only) - When specified, the port transmits and receives pause frames; when not specified, the port will auto-negotiate to determine the sender and receiver for asymmetric pause frames. (The current switch ASIC only supports symmetric pause frames.) Default Setting •...

  • Page 392: Flowcontrol

    Command Usage When auto-negotiation is enabled with the negotiation command, the switch will negotiate the best settings for a link based on the capabilites command. When auto-negotiation is disabled, you must manually specify the link attributes with the speed-duplex and flowcontrol commands.

  • Page 393: Shutdown

    Command Usage • Flow control can eliminate frame loss by “blocking” traffic from end stations or segments connected directly to the switch when its buffers fill. When enabled, back pressure is used for half-duplex operation and IEEE 802.3x for full-duplex operation.

  • Page 394: Switchport Broadcast Packet-Rate

    • When broadcast traffic exceeds the specified threshold, packets above that threshold are dropped. • This command can enable or disable broadcast storm control for the selected interface. However, the specified threshold value applies to all ports on the switch. 4-152...

  • Page 395: Clear Counters

    Example The following shows how to configure broadcast storm control at 600 packets per second: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5 Console(config-if)#switchport broadcast octet-rate 600 Console(config-if)# clear counters This command clears statistics on an interface. Syntax clear counters interface interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit.

  • Page 396: Show Interfaces Status

    OMMAND NTERFACE show interfaces status This command displays the status for an interface. Syntax show interfaces status [interface] interface - ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) - port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) - vlan vlan-id (Range: 1-4094) Default Setting Shows the status for all interfaces.

  • Page 397: Show Interfaces Counters

    Example Console#show interfaces status ethernet 1/5 Information of Eth 1/5 Basic information: Port type: Mac address: Configuration: Name: Port admin: Speed-duplex: Capabilities: Broadcast storm: Broadcast storm limit: Flow control: Lacp: Port security: Max MAC count: Port security action: Current status: Link status: Port operation status: Operation speed-duplex: 100full...
  • Page 398 OMMAND NTERFACE Command Usage If no interface is specified, information on all interfaces is displayed. For a description of the items displayed by this command, see “Showing Port Statistics” on page 3-115. Example Console#show interfaces counters ethernet 1/7 Ethernet 1/7 Iftable stats: Octets input: 30658, Octets output: 196550 Unicast input: 6, Unicast output: 5...

  • Page 399: Show Interfaces Switchport

    show interfaces switchport This command displays the administrative and operational status of the specified interfaces. Syntax show interfaces switchport [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting Shows all interfaces.

  • Page 400: Table 4-41 Interfaces Switchport Statistics

    OMMAND NTERFACE Field Broadcast threshold Shows if broadcast storm suppression is enabled or disabled; Lacp status Ingress/Egress rate limit VLAN membership mode Ingress rule Acceptable frame type Native VLAN Priority for untagged traffic Gvrp status Allowed Vlan Forbidden Vlan Private VLAN mode Private VLAN host-association...

  • Page 401: Mirror Port Commands

    Mirror Port Commands This section describes how to mirror traffic from a source port to a target port. Command port monitor show port monitor port monitor This command configures a mirror session. Use the no form to clear a mirror session. Syntax port monitor interface [rx | tx] no port monitor interface...

  • Page 402: Show Port Monitor

    • You can only create a single mirror session. Example The following example configures the switch to mirror received packets from port 6 to 11: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/11 Console(config-if)#port monitor ethernet 1/6 rx...

  • Page 403: Rate Limit Commands

    Example The following shows mirroring configured from port 6 to port 11: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/11 Console(config-if)#port monitor ethernet 1/6 rx Console(config-if)#end Console#show port monitor Port Mirroring ------------------------------------- Destination port(listen port):Eth1/11 Source port(monitored port) Mode Console# Rate Limit Commands This function allows the network manager to control the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received on an interface.

  • Page 404: Rate-Limit

    OMMAND NTERFACE rate-limit Use this command to define the rate limit level for a specific interface. Use this command without specifying a rate to restore the default rate limit level. Use the no form to restore the default status of disabled. Syntax rate-limit {input | output} level [rate] no rate-limit {input | output}...

  • Page 405: Show Rate-Limit

    • fastethernet – Fast Ethernet granularity • gigabitethernet – Gigabit Ethernet granularity • granularity – Sets rate limit granularity for the system. For Fast Ethernet, choose 512 Kbps, 1 Mbps, or 3.3 Mbps. For Gigabit Ethernet, only one granularity option is supported, 33.3 Mbps Default Setting Fast Ethernet interface –...

  • Page 406: Link Aggregation Commands

    For static trunks, the switches have to comply with the Cisco EtherChannel standard. For dynamic trunks, the switches have to comply with LACP. This switch supports up to four trunks. For example, a trunk consisting of two 1000 Mbps ports can support an aggregate bandwidth of 4 Gbps when operating at full duplex.

  • Page 407: Guidelines For Creating Trunks

    Table 4-44 Link Aggregation Commands Command Function lacp port-priority Configures a port's LACP port priority Trunk Status Display Command show interfaces Shows trunk information status port-channel show lacp Shows LACP information Guidelines for Creating Trunks General Guidelines – • Finish configuring port trunks before you connect the corresponding network cables between switches to avoid creating a loop.

  • Page 408: Channel-Group

    • When configuring static trunks, the switches must comply with the Cisco EtherChannel standard. • Use no channel-group to remove a port group from a trunk. • Use no interfaces port-channel to remove a trunk from the switch. Example The following example creates trunk 1 and then adds port 11:...

  • Page 409: Lacp

    • A trunk formed with another switch using LACP will automatically be assigned the next available port-channel ID. • If the target switch has also enabled LACP on the connected ports, the trunk will be activated automatically. • If more than eight ports attached to the same target switch have LACP enabled, the additional ports will be placed in standby mode, and will only be enabled if one of the active links fails.

  • Page 410: Lacp System-Priority

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following shows LACP enabled on ports 11-13. Because LACP has also been enabled on the ports at the other end of the links, the show interfaces status port-channel 1 command shows that Trunk 1 has been established.
  • Page 411 • Port must be configured with the same system priority to join the same LAG. • System priority is combined with the switch’s MAC address to form the LAG identifier. This identifier is used to indicate a specific LAG during LACP negotiations with other systems.

  • Page 412: Lacp Admin-Key (Ethernet Interface)

    OMMAND NTERFACE lacp admin-key (Ethernet Interface) This command configures a port's LACP administration key. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax lacp {actor | partner} admin-key key [no] lacp {actor | partner} admin-key • actor - The local side an aggregate link. •...

  • Page 413: Lacp Admin-Key (Port Channel)

    {actor | partner} admin-key key [no] lacp {actor | partner} admin-key key - The port channel admin key is used to identify a specific link aggregation group (LAG) during local LACP setup on this switch. (Range: 0-65535) Default Setting...

  • Page 414: Lacp Port-Priority

    OMMAND NTERFACE lacp port-priority This command configures LACP port priority. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax lacp {actor | partner} port-priority priority no lacp {actor | partner} port-priority • actor - The local side an aggregate link. •...

  • Page 415: Show Lacp

    show lacp This command displays LACP information. Syntax show lacp [port-channel] {counters | internal | neighbors | sysid} • port-channel - Local identifier for a link aggregation group. (Range: 1-4) • counters - Statistics for LACP protocol messages. • internal - Configuration settings and operational state for local side.

  • Page 416: Table 4-45 Show Lacp Counters - Display Description

    OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-45 show lacp counters - display description Field LACPDUs Sent LACPDUs Received Marker Sent Marker Received LACPDUs Unknown Pkts LACPDUs Illegal Pkts 4-174 Description Number of valid LACPDUs transmitted from this channel group. Number of valid LACPDUs received on this channel group. Number of valid Marker PDUs transmitted from this channel group.

  • Page 417: Table 4-46 Show Lacp Internal - Display Description

    Console#show lacp 1 internal Channel group : 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Oper Key : 4 Admin Key : 0 Eth 1/1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- LACPDUs Internal : 30 sec LACP System Priority : 32768 LACP Port Priority : 32768 Admin Key : 4 Oper Key : 4 Admin State : defaulted, aggregation, long timeout, LACP-activity Oper State : distributing, collecting, synchronization, aggregation, long timeout, LACP-activity...
  • Page 418 OMMAND NTERFACE Table 4-46 show lacp internal - display description (Continued) Field Admin State, Oper State 4-176 Description Administrative or operational values of the actor’s state parameters: • Expired – The actor’s receive machine is in the expired state; • Defaulted – The actor’s receive machine is using defaulted operational partner information, administratively configured for the partner.

  • Page 419: Table 4-47 Show Lacp Neighbors - Display Description

    Console#show lacp 1 neighbors Channel group 1 neighbors ------------------------------------------------------------------- Eth 1/1 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Partner Admin System ID : 32768, 00-00-00-00-00-00 Partner Oper System ID : 32768, 00-00-00-00-00-01 Partner Admin Port Number : 1 Partner Oper Port Number : 1 Port Admin Priority : 32768 Port Oper Priority : 32768 Admin Key : 0 Oper Key : 4...

  • Page 420: Table 4-49 Address Table Commands

    32768 32768 32768 32768 Description A link aggregation group configured on this switch. LACP system priority for this channel group. System MAC address. Table 4-49 Address Table Commands Function Maps a static address to a port in a VLAN GC...

  • Page 421: Address Table Commands

    - port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) • vlan-id - VLAN ID (Range: 1-4094) • action - - delete-on-reset - Assignment lasts until the switch is reset. - permanent - Assignment is permanent. Default Setting No static addresses are defined. The default mode is permanent.

  • Page 422: Clear Mac-Address-Table Dynamic

    OMMAND NTERFACE • A static address cannot be learned on another port until the address is removed with the no form of this command. Example Console(config)#mac-address-table static 00-e0-29-94-34-de interface ethernet 1/1 vlan 1 delete-on-reset Console(config)# clear mac-address-table dynamic This command removes any learned entries from the forwarding database and clears the transmit and receive counts for any static or system configured entries.

  • Page 423: Show Mac-Address-Table

    show mac-address-table This command shows classes of entries in the bridge-forwarding database. Syntax show mac-address-table [address mac-address [mask]] [interface interface] [vlan vlan-id] [sort {address | vlan | interface}] • mac-address - MAC address. • mask - Bits to match in the address. •...

  • Page 424: Mac-Address-Table Aging-Time

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show mac-address-table Interface Mac Address --------- ----------------- ---- ----------------- Eth 1/1 00-e0-29-94-34-de Trunk 2 00-E0-29-8F-AA-1B Console# mac-address-table aging-time This command sets the aging time for entries in the address table. Use the no form to restore the default aging time. Syntax mac-address-table aging-time seconds no mac-address-table aging-time...

  • Page 425: Spanning Tree Commands

    Aging time: 100 sec. Console# Spanning Tree Commands This section includes commands that configure the Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) globally for the switch, and commands that configure STA for the selected interface. Command spanning-tree spanning-tree mode Configures STP or RSTP...

  • Page 426: Spanning-Tree

    The Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) can be used to detect and disable network loops, and to provide backup links between switches, bridges or routers. This allows the switch to interact with other bridging devices (that is, an STA-compliant switch, bridge or router) in your...

  • Page 427: Spanning-Tree Mode

    This example shows how to enable the Spanning Tree Algorithm for the switch: Console(config)#spanning-tree Console(config)# spanning-tree mode This command selects the spanning tree mode for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree mode {stp | rstp} no spanning-tree mode •...

  • Page 428: Spanning-Tree Forward-Time

    RSTP BPDU after the migration delay expires, RSTP restarts the migration delay timer and begins using RSTP BPDUs on that port. Example The following example configures the switch to use Rapid Spanning Tree: Console(config)#spanning-tree mode rstp Console(config)# spanning-tree forward-time This command configures the spanning tree bridge forward time globally for this switch.

  • Page 429: Spanning-Tree Hello-Time

    Console(config)#spanning-tree hello-time 5 Console(config)# spanning-tree max-age This command configures the spanning tree bridge maximum age globally for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree max-age seconds no spanning-tree max-age seconds - Time in seconds. (Range: 6-40 seconds) The minimum value is the higher of 6 or [2 x (hello-time + 1)].

  • Page 430: Spanning-Tree Priority

    Console(config)#spanning-tree max-age 40 Console(config)# spanning-tree priority This command configures the spanning tree priority globally for this switch. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree priority priority no spanning-tree priority priority - Priority of the bridge. (Range: 0 - 65535) (Range –...

  • Page 431: Spanning-Tree Pathcost Method

    Command Usage Bridge priority is used in selecting the root device, root port, and designated port. The device with the highest priority becomes the STA root device. However, if all devices have the same priority, the device with the lowest MAC address will then become the root device. Example Console(config)#spanning-tree priority 40960 Console(config)#...

  • Page 432: Spanning-Tree Transmission-Limit

    OMMAND NTERFACE spanning-tree transmission-limit This command configures the minimum interval between the transmission of consecutive RSTP BPDUs. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax spanning-tree transmission-limit count no spanning-tree transmission-limit count - The transmission limit in seconds. (Range: 1-10) Default Setting Command Mode Global Configuration...

  • Page 433: Spanning-Tree Port-Priority

    Default Setting • Ethernet – half duplex: 2,000,000; full duplex: 1,000,000; trunk: 500,000 • Fast Ethernet – half duplex: 200,000; full duplex: 100,000; trunk: 50,000 • Gigabit Ethernet – full duplex: 10,000; trunk: 5,000 Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage •...

  • Page 434: Spanning-Tree Edge-Port

    • This command defines the priority for the use of a port in the Spanning Tree Algorithm. If the path cost for all ports on a switch are the same, the port with the highest priority (that is, lowest value) will be configured as an active link in the spanning tree.

  • Page 435: Spanning-Tree Portfast

    of frame flooding required to rebuild address tables during reconfiguration events, does not cause the spanning tree to initiate reconfiguration when the interface changes state, and also overcomes other STA-related timeout problems. However, remember that Edge Port should only be enabled for ports connected to an end-node device.

  • Page 436: Spanning-Tree Link-Type

    OMMAND NTERFACE forwarding should only be enabled for ports connected to a LAN segment that is at the end of a bridged LAN or for an end-node device.) • This command is the same as spanning-tree edge-port, and is only included for backward compatibility with earlier products.

  • Page 437: Spanning-Tree Protocol-Migration

    • When automatic detection is selected, the switch derives the link type from the duplex mode. A full-duplex interface is considered a point-to-point link, while a half-duplex interface is assumed to be on a shared link.

  • Page 438: Show Spanning-Tree

    Privileged Exec Command Usage • Use the show spanning-tree command with no parameters to display the spanning tree configuration for the switch and for every interface in the tree. • Use the show spanning-tree interface command to display the spanning tree configuration for a specific interface.
  • Page 439 Example Console#show spanning-tree Spanning-tree information --------------------------------------------------------------- Spanning tree mode: Spanning tree enabled/disabled: Priority: Bridge Hello Time (sec.): Bridge Max Age (sec.): Bridge Forward Delay (sec.): Root Hello Time (sec.): Root Max Age (sec.): Root Forward Delay (sec.): Designated Root: Current root port: Current root cost: Number of topology changes: Last topology changes time (sec.):226...

  • Page 440: Vlan Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE VLAN Commands A VLAN is a group of ports that can be located anywhere in the network, but communicate as though they belong to the same physical segment. This section describes commands used to create VLAN groups, add port members, specify how VLAN tagging is used, and enable automatic VLAN registration for the selected interface.

  • Page 441: Vlan

    Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage • Use the VLAN database command mode to add, change, and delete VLANs. After finishing configuration changes, you can display the VLAN settings by entering the show vlan command. • Use the interface vlan command mode to define the port membership mode and add or remove ports from a VLAN.
  • Page 442 • no vlan vlan-id name removes the VLAN name. • no vlan vlan-id state returns the VLAN to the default state (i.e., active). • You can configure up to 255 VLANs on the switch. Example The following example adds a VLAN, using VLAN ID 105 and name RD5.

  • Page 443: Configuring Vlan Interfaces

    Configuring VLAN Interfaces Command interface vlan switchport mode switchport acceptable-frame-types switchport ingress-filtering switchport native vlan switchport allowed vlan Configures the VLANs associated with switchport gvrp switchport forbidden vlan switchport priority default interface vlan This command enters interface configuration mode for VLANs, which is used to configure VLAN parameters for a physical interface.

  • Page 444: Switchport Mode

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following example shows how to set the interface configuration mode to VLAN 1, and then assign an IP address to the VLAN: Console(config)#interface vlan 1 Console(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 Console(config-if)# Related Commands shutdown (4 -151) switchport mode This command configures the VLAN membership mode for a port.

  • Page 445: Switchport Acceptable-Frame-Types

    Example The following shows how to set the configuration mode to port 1, and then set the switchport mode to hybrid: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport mode hybrid Console(config-if)# Related Commands switchport acceptable-frame-types (4 -203) switchport acceptable-frame-types This command configures the acceptable frame types for a port. Use the no form to restore the default.

  • Page 446: Switchport Ingress-Filtering

    OMMAND NTERFACE Related Commands switchport mode (4 -202) switchport ingress-filtering This command enables ingress filtering for an interface. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax [no] switchport ingress-filtering Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage •...

  • Page 447: Switchport Native Vlan

    switchport native vlan This command configures the PVID (i.e., default VLAN ID) for a port. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax switchport native vlan vlan-id no switchport native vlan vlan-id - Default VLAN ID for a port. (Range: 1-4094, no leading zeroes) Default Setting VLAN 1...

  • Page 448: Switchport Allowed Vlan

    VLAN groups as a tagged member. • Frames are always tagged within the switch. The tagged/untagged parameter used when adding a VLAN to an interface tells the switch whether to keep or remove the tag from a frame on egress.

  • Page 449: Switchport Forbidden Vlan

    • If a VLAN on the forbidden list for an interface is manually added to that interface, the VLAN is automatically removed from the forbidden list for that interface. Example The following example shows how to add VLANs 1, 2, 5 and 6 to the allowed list as tagged VLANs for port 1: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport allowed vlan add 1,2,5,6 tagged...

  • Page 450: Displaying Vlan Information

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following example shows how to prevent port 1 from being added to VLAN 3: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#switchport forbidden vlan add 3 Console(config-if)# Displaying VLAN Information Command show vlan show interfaces status vlan show interfaces switchport show vlan This command shows VLAN information.

  • Page 451: Configuring Private Vlans

    Configuring Private VLANs Private VLANs provide port-based security and isolation between ports within the assigned VLAN. This switch supports two types of private VLAN ports: promiscuous, and community ports. A promiscuous port can communicate with all interfaces within a private VLAN. Community ports can only communicate with other ports in their own community VLAN, and with their designated promiscuous ports.

  • Page 452: Private-Vlan

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Display Private VLAN Information show vlan private-vlan Shows private VLAN information To configure private VLANs, follow these steps: Use the private-vlan command to designate one or more community VLANs and the primary VLAN that will channel traffic outside the community groups.

  • Page 453: Private Vlan Association

    VLANs, and serves to channel traffic between community VLANs and other locations. • isolated – Specifies an isolated VLAN. Ports assigned to an isolated VLAN can only communicate with promiscuous ports within their own VLAN. Default Setting None Command Mode VLAN Configuration Command Usage •...
  • Page 454 OMMAND NTERFACE • primary-vlan-id - ID of primary VLAN. (Range: 1-4094, no leading zeroes). • secondary-vlan-id - ID of secondary (i.e, community) VLAN. (Range: 1-4094, no leading zeroes). Default Setting None Command Mode VLAN Configuration Command Usage Secondary VLANs provide security for group members. The associated primary VLAN provides a common interface for access to other network resources within the primary VLAN (e.g., servers configured with promiscuous ports) and to resources outside of the primary...

  • Page 455: Switchport Mode Private-Vlan

    switchport mode private-vlan Use this command to set the private VLAN mode for an interface. Use the no form to restore the default setting. Syntax switchport mode private-vlan {host | promiscuous} no switchport mode private-vlan • host – This port type can communicate with all other host ports assigned to the same secondary VLAN.

  • Page 456: Switchport Private-Vlan Host-Association

    OMMAND NTERFACE switchport private-vlan host-association Use this command to associate an interface with a secondary VLAN. Use the no form to remove this association. Syntax switchport private-vlan host-association secondary-vlan-id no switchport private-vlan host-association secondary-vlan-id - ID of secondary (i.e, community) VLAN. (Range: 2-4094, no leading zeroes).

  • Page 457: Show Vlan Private-Vlan

    Console(config-if)#switchport private-vlan mapping 2 Console(config-if)# show vlan private-vlan Use this command to show the private VLAN configuration settings on this switch. Syntax show vlan private-vlan [community | isolated | primary] • community – Displays all community VLANs, along with their associated primary VLAN and assigned host interfaces.

  • Page 458: Gvrp And Bridge Extension Commands

    VLAN information in order to automatically register VLAN members on interfaces across the network. This section describes how to enable GVRP for individual interfaces and globally for the switch, as well as how to display default configuration settings for the Bridge Extension MIB.

  • Page 459: Bridge-Ext Gvrp

    This command enables GVRP globally for the switch. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] bridge-ext gvrp Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage GVRP defines a way for switches to exchange VLAN information in order to register VLAN members on ports across the network.

  • Page 460: Switchport Gvrp

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example Console#show bridge-ext Max support vlan numbers: Max support vlan ID: Extended multicast filtering services: No Static entry individual port: VLAN learning: Configurable PVID tagging: Local VLAN capable: Traffic classes: Global GVRP status: GMRP: Console# switchport gvrp This command enables GVRP for a port. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] switchport gvrp Default Setting...

  • Page 461: Show Gvrp Configuration

    show gvrp configuration This command shows if GVRP is enabled. Syntax show gvrp configuration [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting Shows both global and interface-specific configuration.

  • Page 462: Default Setting

    OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting • join: 20 centiseconds • leave: 60 centiseconds • leaveall: 1000 centiseconds Command Mode Interface Configuration (Ethernet, Port Channel) Command Usage • Group Address Registration Protocol is used by GVRP and GMRP to register or deregister client attributes for client services within a bridged LAN.

  • Page 463: Show Garp Timer

    show garp timer This command shows the GARP timers for the selected interface. Syntax show garp timer [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting Shows all GARP timers.

  • Page 464: Priority Commands

    Priority Commands The commands described in this section allow you to specify which data packets have greater precedence when traffic is buffered in the switch due to congestion. This switch supports CoS with four priority queues for each port. Data packets in a port’s high-priority queue will be transmitted before those in the lower-priority queues.

  • Page 465: Queue Mode

    Global Configuration Command Usage You can set the switch to service the queues based on a strict rule that requires all traffic in a higher priority queue to be processed before lower priority queues are serviced, or use Weighted Round-Robin (WRR) queuing that specifies a relative weight of each queue.

  • Page 466: Switchport Priority Default

    If the incoming frame is an IEEE 802.1Q VLAN tagged frame, the IEEE 802.1p User Priority bits will be used. • This switch provides eight priority queues for each port. It is configured to use Weighted Round Robin, which can be viewed with the show queue bandwidth command.

  • Page 467: Queue Bandwidth

    Therefore, any inbound frames that do not have priority tags will be placed in queue 0 of the output port. (Note that if the output port is an untagged member of the associated VLAN, these frames are stripped of all VLAN tags prior to transmission.) Example The following example shows how to set a default priority on port 3 to 5: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/3...

  • Page 468: Queue Cos-Map

    0 to 7, where 7 is the highest priority. Default Setting This switch supports Class of Service by using four priority queues, with Weighted Round Robin queuing for each port. Eight separate traffic classes are defined in IEEE 802.1p. The default priority levels are assigned according to recommendations in the IEEE 802.1p...

  • Page 469: Show Queue Mode

    Example The following example shows how to map CoS values 0, 1 and 2 to egress queue 0, value 3 to egress queue 1, values 4 and 5 to egress queue 2, and values 6 and 7 to egress queue 3: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/1 Console(config-if)#queue cos-map 0 0 1 2 Console(config-if)#queue cos-map 1 3...

  • Page 470: Show Queue Cos-Map

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Example Console#show queue bandwidth Queue ID Weight -------- ------ Console# show queue cos-map This command shows the class of service priority map. Syntax show queue cos-map [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number.

  • Page 471: Priority Commands (Layer 3 And 4)

    Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) Table 4-60 Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) Command map ip port map ip port map ip precedence map ip precedence map ip dscp map ip dscp map access-list ip map access-list mac show map ip port show map ip precedence show map ip dscp...

  • Page 472: Map Ip Port (Interface Configuration)

    OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage The precedence for priority mapping is IP Port, IP Precedence or IP DSCP, and default switchport priority. Example The following example shows how to enable TCP/UDP port mapping globally: Console(config)#map ip port Console(config)# map ip port (Interface Configuration)
  • Page 473 Example The following example shows how to map HTTP traffic to CoS value 0: Console(config)#interface ethernet 1/5 Console(config-if)#map ip port 80 cos 0 Console(config-if)# map ip precedence (Global Configuration) This command enables IP precedence mapping (i.e., IP Type of Service). Use the no form to disable IP precedence mapping.

  • Page 474: Table 4-61 Mapping Ip Precedence Values

    OMMAND NTERFACE map ip precedence (Interface Configuration) This command sets IP precedence priority (i.e., IP Type of Service priority). Use the no form to restore the default table. Syntax map ip precedence ip-precedence-value cos cos-value no map ip precedence • precedence-value - 3-bit precedence value. (Range: 0-7) •...
  • Page 475 map ip dscp (Global Configuration) This command enables IP DSCP mapping (i.e., Differentiated Services Code Point mapping). Use the no form to disable IP DSCP mapping. Syntax [no] map ip dscp Default Setting Disabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage •...

  • Page 476: Table 4-62 Ip Dscp To Cos Values

    OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting The DSCP default values are defined in the following table. Note that all the DSCP values that are not specified are mapped to CoS value 0. IP DSCP Value 10, 12, 14, 16 18, 20, 22, 24 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 38, 40, 42 46, 56...

  • Page 477: Show Map Ip Port

    show map ip port Use this command to show the IP port priority map. Syntax show map ip port [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 478: Show Map Ip Precedence

    OMMAND NTERFACE show map ip precedence This command shows the IP precedence priority map. Syntax show map ip precedence [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 479: Show Map Ip Dscp

    show map ip dscp This command shows the IP DSCP priority map. Syntax show map ip dscp [interface] interface • ethernet unit/port - unit - Stack unit. (Range: 1-8) - port - Port number. (Range: 1-26) • port-channel channel-id (Range: 1-4) Default Setting None Command Mode...

  • Page 480: Multicast Filtering Commands

    OMMAND NTERFACE Multicast Filtering Commands This switch uses IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) to query for any attached hosts that want to receive a specific multicast service. It identifies the ports containing hosts requesting a service and sends data out to those ports only. It then propagates the service request up to any neighboring multicast switch/router to ensure that it will continue to receive the multicast service.

  • Page 481: Ip Igmp Snooping

    This command enables IGMP snooping on this switch. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] ip igmp snooping Default Setting Enabled Command Mode Global Configuration Example The following example enables IGMP snooping. Console(config)#ip igmp snooping...

  • Page 482: Ip Igmp Snooping Version

    • All systems on the subnet must support the same version. If there are legacy devices in your network that only support Version 1, you will also have to configure this switch to use Version 1. • Some commands are only enabled for IGMPv2, including ip igmp query-max-response-time and ip igmp query-timeout.

  • Page 483: Show Ip Igmp Snooping

    show ip igmp snooping This command shows the IGMP snooping configuration. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage See “Configuring IGMP Snooping and Query Parameters” on page 4 -184 for a description of the displayed items. Example The following shows the current IGMP snooping configuration: Console#show ip igmp snooping Service status: Querier status:...

  • Page 484: Igmp Query Commands (Layer 2)

    OMMAND NTERFACE Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage Member types displayed include IGMP or USER, depending on selected options. Example The following shows the multicast entries learned through IGMP snooping for VLAN 1: Console#show mac-address-table multicast vlan 1 igmp-snooping VLAN M'cast IP addr. Member ports Type ---- --------------- ------------ ------- 224.1.2.3 Console#...
  • Page 485 This command enables the switch as an IGMP querier. Use the no form to disable it. Syntax [no] ip igmp snooping querier Default Setting Enabled Command Mode Global Configuration Command Usage If enabled, the switch will serve as querier if elected. The querier is responsible for asking hosts if they want to receive multicast traffic.

  • Page 486: Ip Igmp Snooping Query-Interval

    This command configures the query interval. Use the no form to restore the default. Syntax ip igmp snooping query-interval seconds no ip igmp snooping query-interval seconds - The frequency at which the switch sends IGMP host-query messages. (Range: 60-125) Default Setting 125 seconds Command Mode...

  • Page 487: Ip Igmp Snooping Query-Max-Response-Time

    Global Configuration Command Usage • The switch must be using IGMPv2 for this command to take effect. • This command defines the time after a query, during which a response is expected from a multicast client. If a querier has sent a number of...

  • Page 488: Ip Igmp Snooping Router-Port-Expire-Time

    - The time the switch waits after the previous querier stops before it considers the router port (i.e., the interface which had been receiving query packets) to have expired.

  • Page 489: Static Multicast Routing Commands

    Depending on your network connections, IGMP snooping may not always be able to locate the IGMP querier. Therefore, if the IGMP querier is a known multicast router/switch connected over the network to an interface (port or trunk) on your router, you can manually configure that interface to join all the current multicast groups.

  • Page 490: Show Ip Igmp Snooping Mrouter

    OMMAND NTERFACE Example The following shows how to configure port 11 as a multicast router port within VLAN 1: Console(config)#ip igmp snooping vlan 1 mrouter ethernet 1/11 Console(config)# show ip igmp snooping mrouter This command displays information on statically configured and dynamically learned multicast router ports.

  • Page 491: Ip Interface Commands

    IP Interface Commands An IP addresses may be used for management access to the switch over your network. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. You can manually configure a specific IP address, or direct the device to obtain an address from a BOOTP or DHCP server when it is powered on.
  • Page 492 VLAN 1). This defines the management VLAN, the only VLAN through which you can gain management access to the switch. If you assign an IP address to any other VLAN, the new IP address overrides the original IP address and this becomes the new management VLAN.

  • Page 493: Ip Dhcp Restart

    ip dhcp restart This command submits a BOOTP or DHCP client request. Default Setting None Command Mode Privileged Exec Command Usage • This command issues a BOOTP or DHCP client request for any IP interface that has been set to BOOTP or DHCP mode via the ip address command.

  • Page 494: Ip Default-Gateway

    OMMAND NTERFACE ip default-gateway This command establishes a static route between this switch and devices that exist on another network segment. Use the no form to remove the static route. Syntax ip default-gateway gateway no ip default-gateway gateway - IP address of the default gateway Default Setting No static route is established.

  • Page 495: Show Ip Redirects

    • size - Number of bytes in a packet. (Range: 32-512, default: 32) The actual packet size will be eight bytes larger than the size specified because the switch adds header information. • count - Number of packets to send. (Range: 1-16, default: 5)
  • Page 496 OMMAND NTERFACE Default Setting This command has no default for the host. Command Mode Normal Exec, Privileged Exec Command Usage • Use the ping command to see if another site on the network can be reached. • Following are some results of the ping command: - Normal response - The normal response occurs in one to ten seconds, depending on network traffic.

  • Page 497: Software Specifications

    PPENDIX OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Software Features Authentication Local, RADIUS, TACACS, Port (802.1X), HTTPS, SSH, Port Security Access Control Lists IP, MAC (up to 88 lists) DHCP Client Port Configuration 100BASE-TX: 10/100 Mbps, half/full duplex 1000BASE-T: 1000 Mbps, full duplex Flow Control Full Duplex: IEEE 802.3x Half Duplex: Back pressure Broadcast Storm Control...

  • Page 498: Management Features

    OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Spanning Tree Protocol Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) VLAN Support Up to 255 groups; port-based or tagged (802.1Q), GVRP for automatic VLAN learning, private VLANs Class of Service Supports four levels of priority and Weighted Round Robin Queueing (which can be configured by VLAN tag or port), Layer 3/4 priority mapping: IP Port, IP Precedence, IP DSCP Multicast Filtering...

  • Page 499: Standards

    OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS RMON Groups 1, 2, 3, 9 (Statistics, History, Alarm, Event) Standards IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol and traffic priorities IEEE 802.1p Priority tags IEEE 802.1Q VLAN IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol IEEE 802.1X Port Authentication IEEE 802.3-2002 Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3-2002 Full-duplex flow control IEEE 802.3-2002 Link Aggregation Control Protocol IEEE 802.3ac VLAN tagging...

  • Page 500: Management Information Bases

    OFTWARE PECIFICATIONS Management Information Bases Bridge MIB (RFC 1493) Entity MIB (RFC 2737) Ether-like MIB (RFC 2665) Extended Bridge MIB (RFC 2674) Extensible SNMP Agents MIB (RFC 2742) Forwarding Table MIB (RFC 2096) IGMP MIB (RFC 2933) Interface Group MIB (RFC 2233) Interfaces Evolution MIB (RFC 2863) IP MIB (RFC 2011) IP Multicasting related MIBs...

  • Page 501: Troubleshooting

    IP interface to which it is connected. • If you are trying to connect to the switch via the IP address for a tagged VLAN group, your management station, and the ports connecting intermediate switches in the network, must be configured with the appropriate tag.
  • Page 502 • Be sure you have generated a public key on the switch, and exported this key to the SSH client. • Be sure you have set up an account on the switch for each SSH user, including user name, authentication level, and password.

  • Page 503: Using System Logs

    Using System Logs If a fault does occur, refer to the Installation Guide to ensure that the problem you encountered is actually caused by the switch. If the problem appears to be caused by the switch, follow these steps: 1. Enable logging.
  • Page 504 ROUBLESHOOTING...
  • Page 505 Access Control List (ACL) ACLs can limit network traffic and restrict access to certain users or devices by checking each packet for certain IP or MAC (i.e., Layer 2) information. Boot Protocol (BOOTP) used to provide bootup information for network devices, BOOTP is including IP address information, the address of the TFTP server that contains the devices system files, and the name of the boot file.
  • Page 506 EAPOL is a client authentication protocol used by this switch to verify the network access rights for any device that is plugged into the switch. A user name and password is requested by the switch, and then passed to an authentication server (e.g., RADIUS) for verification.
  • Page 507 IEEE 802.1X Port Authentication controls access to the switch ports by requiring users to first enter a user ID and password for authentication. IEEE 802.3ac Defines frame extensions for VLAN tagging.

  • Page 508: Ip Multicast Filtering

    Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) A protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services. If there is more than one multicast switch/router on a given subnetwork, one of the devices is made the “querier” and assumes responsibility for keeping track of group membership.

  • Page 509: Multicast Switching

    Multicast Switching A process whereby the switch filters incoming multicast frames for services for which no attached host has registered, or forwards them to all ports contained within the designated multicast VLAN group.

  • Page 510: Port Mirroring

    10% of that required by the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard. Secure Shell (SSH) A secure replacement for remote access functions, including Telnet. SSH can authenticate users with a cryptographic key, and encrypt data connections between management clients and the switch. Glossary-6...
  • Page 511 Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) The application protocol in the Internet suite of protocols which offers network management services. Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) allows a device to set its internal clock based on periodic updates SNTP from a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server. Updates can be requested from a specific NTP server, or can be received via broadcasts sent by NTP servers.

  • Page 512: Virtual Lan (Vlan)

    LOSSARY User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides a datagram mode for packet-switched communications. It uses IP as the underlying transport mechanism to provide access to IP-like services. UDP packets are delivered just like IP packets – connection-less datagrams that may be discarded before reaching their targets. UDP is useful when TCP would be too complex, too slow, or just unnecessary.
  • Page 513 Numerics 802.1X, port authentication 3-66 acceptable frame type 3-156 Access Control List See ACL Extended IP 3-78 4-119 4-123 MAC 3-79 4-119 4-130 – 4-130 4-133 Standard IP 3-78 4-119 address table 3-122 4-178 aging time 3-125 4-182 BOOTP 3-19 4-249 BPDU 3-126 broadcast storm, threshold 3-109...
  • Page 514 NDEX GARP VLAN Registration Protocol See GVRP gateway, default 3-18 4-252 GVRP global setting 4-217 interface configuration 3-157 GVRP, global setting 3-147 hardware version, displaying 3-13 HTTPS 3-54 4-43 HTTPS, secure server 3-54 IEEE 802.1D 3-126 4-185 IEEE 802.1w 3-126 4-185 IEEE 802.1X 3-66 4-108...
  • Page 515 path cost 3-128 3-137 method 3-133 4-189 STA 3-128 3-137 4-189 port authentication 3-66 port priority configuring 3-168 4-222 default ingress 3-168 STA 3-137 4-191 port security, configuring 3-64 port, statistics 3-115 4-155 ports autonegotiation 3-92 broadcast storm threshold 3-109 4-152 capabilities 3-92 4-149...
  • Page 516 NDEX STA 3-125 4-183 edge port 3-138 3-141 global settings, configuring 3-131 – 4-184 4-190 global settings, displaying 3-127 interface settings 3-135 4-196 link type 3-138 3-141 path cost 3-128 3-137 path cost method 3-133 port priority 3-137 4-191 protocol migration 3-141 transmission limit 3-133 standards, IEEE A-3 startup files...
  • Page 518 FOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT, CALL: From U.S.A. and Canada (24 hours a day, 7 days a week) (800) SMC-4-YOU; Phn: (949) 679-8000; Fax: (949) 679-1481 From Europe: Contact details can be found on www.smc-europe.com or www.smc.com INTERNET E-mail addresses: techsupport@smc.com european.techsupport@smc-europe.com Driver updates: http://www.smc.com/index.cfm?action=tech_support_drivers_downloads World Wide Web:...

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