Summary of Contents for Adcon A440
- Page 1 ADCON T E L E M E T R Y A440 Wireless Modem Technical Reference Manual SMART WIRELESS SOLUTIONS...
- Page 2 : / / w w w . a d c o n . r o Proprietary Notice: The Adcon logo, the A730 series, A720 series and addIT™, A440 and add- WAVE, addVANTAGE® and AgroExpert™ are trademarks or registered trade- marks of Adcon Telemetry AG.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction ____________________________________________________7 About the A440 ______________________________________________________________ 7 Hardware _______________________________________________________9 Overview_____________________________________________________________________ 9 The Modem Interfaces ________________________________________________________________ 10 The Microcontroller and the Power Conditioning Sections _________________________________ 10 The Power Supply and Serial Interface ___________________________________________________ 13 External Power Supply_________________________________________________________________ 13 Specifications________________________________________________________________13... - Page 4 Alignment Range and Switching Range __________________________________________________ 30 Tuning Procedure _____________________________________________________________________ 31 Setting Up the Default Parameters ______________________________________________________ 31 Commands valid for all bands ____________________________________________________ 32 Commands required for band 1 __________________________________________________ 32 Commands required for band 2 __________________________________________________ 32 Commands required for band 3 __________________________________________________ 32 Commands required for band 4 __________________________________________________ 32 Definitions ___________________________________________________________________________ 33 Test Equipment Settings _______________________________________________________________ 34...
- Page 5 Device descriptors and storage handler ___________________________________________ 57 Real time clock ________________________________________________________________ 57 Radio interface ________________________________________________________________ 57 Notifications __________________________________________________________________ 57 Adcon Packet Radio Protocol _________________________________________________57 Digital Squelch _______________________________________________________________________ 58 Modulation Technique Used (low speed modem) _________________________________________ 59 Generic Format of a Radio Frame _______________________________________________________ 59...
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Page 7: Introduction
(NEMA 4). It can be easily installed and is compatible with both the standard Adcon low speed protocol and the upcoming high speed protocol. This manual describes the technical details of the A440, both hardware and soft- ware. It is organized in several parts, as follows: •... - Page 8 Introduction This manual is intended for the radio approval authorities and laboratories.
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Page 9: Hardware
(4-pin Binder for RS-485 or D-sub 9 pin for RS-232), while the antenna is fed through a 50 Ω TNC connector. Antenna Low Speed Power Power Modem Conditioning Interface Level System Supply A431 Radio Shifter Module High Speed Modem Interface Serial RS485/ µController RS232 Interfaces Figure 1. A440 Block Diagram. -
Page 10: The Modem Interfaces
It is a powerful chip exhibiting a very low power consumption. Its main functions are: • Controls the radio unit • Control the modems functionality • Assembles the radio frames and waits for requests from a remote • Implements Adcon radio and RS-485 protocol stack • Manages the real-time clock... - Page 11 The Microcontroller and the Power Conditioning Sections • Implements a serial Command Line Interface (CLI) The chip operates at its maximum speed, in this case 4 MHz (the “L” version), and uses a crystal (X2) for the on-board clock generator. The real time clock is imple- mented by means of a 32.768 kHz crystal (X1) connected on the internal Timer/ Counter0.
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Page 12: The Power Supply And Serial Interface
Black Figure 3. Connection of an external power supply. 2.2. Specifications The A440 fulfills the specifications of the EN 300 220-1, Class 12, and ETS 300 113, as well as the FCC Part 90.214 (Subpart J) of the CFR 47. - Page 13 Hardware Note: The parameters below were measured with the A440 + A431 combination. Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Unit Common Supply 10.0 Operating Temperature °C Relative Humidity Class Protection IP65 RF Data Rate (Using the low-speed Modem) 1000 1500 2000 RF Data Rate (Using the high-speed Modem)
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Page 14: A440Mb
A440MB Description Count Component Name Value Pattern Ref Des Manufacturer 32.76KH XTAL-MC306 MC-306 Seiko Epson SMD Header SLY8/SMD/055/4 S Fischer Elektronik Jumper CAB10 to J1 Fischer Elektronik 2.5. A440 Device’s Photographs Figure 6. A440, Front view. - Page 15 Hardware Figure 7. A440, Back view.
- Page 16 A440MB Figure 8. A440, Top view. Figure 9. A440, Bottom view.
- Page 17 Hardware Figure 10. A440, Left and Right views.
- Page 18 A440MB Figure 11. A440, Case opened. Figure 12. A440 Motherboard, top view.
- Page 19 Hardware Figure 13. A440 Motherboard, bottom view.
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Page 20: The A431 Radio Module
3. The A431 Radio Module 3.1. About the A431 Radio Module The A431 was specially designed for narrow-band FM data communication. It exhib- its a relatively flat response in the audio band from 10 Hz to 2.5 kHz, both on send as well as on receive paths. -
Page 21: Transmitter Section
The A431 Radio Module The incoming signal is then applied to the first mixer, U7, through an LC impedance matching network (L12/C48). The local oscillator signal is obtained by means of the VCO built around U10 and applied to the mixer (the LO has a lower frequency than the incoming signal). -
Page 22: Manufacturing Issues
filters FL1 and FL2 used on the receiving chain. The low band ver- sion is marked as A440-44 while the high band is marked as A440-46 (when the modules are included into the A440 Wireless Modem). -
Page 23: Tuning Procedure
Consequently, two test reports will be provided to Adcon Telemetry AG. For North America (FCC), only the portion 460 to 470 MHz will be used; therefore, a single device model A440-46 having the switching range between 460 and 470 MHz will be submitted for testing. -
Page 24: Commands Valid For All Bands
The A431 Radio Module prompt should appear on the terminal screen (nnnn is the actual ID of the unit that is printed on its label). The following default parameters must be pre-loaded (for more information about the meaning of the commands, consult the section “Com- mands”... -
Page 25: Definitions
Definitions 3.3.5. Definitions The diagram of the setup environment is depicted in Figure 15. Scope Service Monitor Network Analyzer Voltmeter 0.765 V Optional Directional Coupler Ant I/O RS232 To/From PC Network Scope Voltmeter Analyzer A733MB Testing Connector Fixture 6.5 V –... -
Page 26: Test Equipment Settings
The A431 Radio Module 3.3.6. Test Equipment Settings Before proceeding, certain controls on the test equipment must be set; some of the settings depend of the operating band (high or low) of the device under test (DUT). In addition, it is highly recommended that the ambient temperature during align- ment is kept to 22°... -
Page 27: Trimming Elements
Trimming Elements 3.3.7. Trimming Elements The location of the trimming elements on the A431 Module is shown in Figure 17. L15 (RX VCO) L7 (TX VCO) R75 (Crystal Reference) Figure 17. Location of the trimming elements. 3.3.8. Adjusting the Receiver Front End 1. -
Page 28: Adjusting The Vcos
The A431 Radio Module If the adjustments do not achieve the appropriate curve, check the power supply, the cable connections to/from the test equipment, etc. Verify also that all the pins of the FL1 and FL2 filters are properly soldered. Figure 18. -
Page 29: Adjusting The Crystal Reference
Adjusting the Crystal Reference • No parts are missing, or have the incorrect value, or are badly soldered (check the parts around U2 and U10). 3.3.10. Adjusting the Crystal Reference 1. Switch the unit to transmit mode by entering TX at the terminal. 2. -
Page 30: Data Transfer Check
The A431 Radio Module c. Frequency Deviation: ±1.5 kHz (±0.2 kHz) 3. Switch the unit to stand-by by pressing the Enter key. For item 3.a above, adjust R75 (see Figure 17). For item 3.b, issue the command PWR at the terminal and use the D (down) and U (up) keys until the required value is reached. -
Page 31: Frequency Reference Specifications
Data Transfer Check 3.6. Frequency Reference Specifications... -
Page 32: A431 Module's Photographs
The A431 Radio Module 3.7. A431 Module’s Photographs Figure 21. A431 Module, General view. Figure 22. A431 Module, Top view. - Page 33 Data Transfer Check Figure 23. A431 Module, Bottom view.
- Page 34 The A431 Radio Module...
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Page 35: Software
4. Software 4.1. Short Description The software is written entirely in C. It consists of a collection of standard C library functions, a preemptive multitasking operating system (CMX) offering basic config- uration and administration functions (including a command line terminal on a serial port), and the application software itself, which assures the desired functionality of the device. -
Page 36: Controlling The Unit
Software 4.3. Controlling the Unit The unit under test can be controlled by means of the special adapter box A720PS that supplies the unit on one hand, and performs the RS-485 to RS-232 signal con- version on another hand. The serial output of the box can be connected to a PC (e.g. a laptop) by means of a null modem cable. -
Page 37: General Format Of An Answer
General Format of an Answer 4.3.3. General Format of an Answer The answers have the following format: ID Command Result1 Result2 ... ResultN ErrResult # • ID is the answering device. If a command was further routed, it is the ID of the end device. - Page 38 Software The actual time, or none in the GET version. PARAMETERS The actual time as dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss. RETURNS GET/SET. REMARKS REMOTE EXAMPLES TIME 12/12/1999 22:10:10 193 TIME 0 TIME 193 TIME 12/12/1998 22:10:10 0 Sets/returns the band switching limits. DESCRIPTION The switching band limits (Hz), or none in the GET version.
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Page 39: Freq
REMARKS the date/time parameter is included, the date and time closest to, but later than, the given date/time is returned. Yes, for a GET, but only one frame at a time. The A440 implements only the remote REMOTE version. EXAMPLE DATA 193 12/12/1998 12:12:12 193 DATA b1 b2 b3 ... -
Page 40: Info
(charge/discharge). To compute the actual value (in °C), the particular conversion equation for each device must be used (check the respective device’s manual). The A440 does return always 0 (no temperature measurement) - Page 41 • err_level is the error value; 0 means no error GET only. REMARKS Yes, GET only. The A440 can issue the command both remotely and locally. REMOTE EXAMPLE INFO 193 INFO 255 0 18/4/1999 21:5:11 1.3 0 0 0 91 72 40 1:46 58 65 72 3 900 15 0 Switches the unit to permanent receive mode (for tuning purposes).
- Page 42 Software None (sends an unmodulated carrier), 1 (sends a 1 kHz modulated carrier), 0 (sends PARAMETERS a 2 kHz modulated carrier) or 5 (sends a mixed 1 + 2 kHz modulated carrier). Nothing. RETURNS The system stops, and exits the command only when a key is pressed. This com- REMARKS mand returns no message.
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Page 43: Returned Errors List
• 40 — request to read a notification when no notification is pending 4.4. Adcon Packet Radio Protocol The A440 is basically intended as an end device in a radio network. Most frames de- fined by the Adcon Packet Radio Protocol are recognized and answered by an... -
Page 44: Digital Squelch
Digital Squelch In order to reduce the power consumption during receive mode, the unit uses a pro- tocol originally developed by Adcon Telemetry for the A730 family, but with some additional refinements to further reduce the power consumption. The receiver is pulsed at a 0.5 seconds interval. -
Page 45: Modulation Technique Used (Low Speed Modem)
Modulation Technique Used (low speed modem) to sleep. The destination ID is positioned very early in the frame header (see also “Generic Format of a Radio Frame” on page 59). From the above it becomes clear that in order to initiate a communication, a re- quester must send first a header which is at least 0.5 seconds long: these are called long header frames. - Page 46 The data field can transport various type of data frames. After being successfully de- coded and checked, these data frames are passed to the upper layer of the soft- ware. The data frames recognized by the A440 and their answers are detailed in “Data Frames” on page 61.
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Page 47: Data Frames
Data Frames 4.4.4. Data Frames The data frames (payload) are the blocks of data extracted from the radio frames, after the CRC and other information (source address) was checked. The data frame and its length are passed to the upper layers of the software. TYPE HLEN SRC-H...