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Tektronix 442 Instruction Manual

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  • Page 2 T te k tro n ix COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE INSTRUCTION MANUAL...
  • Page 3 BEFORE READING— TH IS M A N U A L REPRINTED JULY 1980 PLEASE CHECK FOR CHANGE INFORMATION AT THE REAR OF THIS MANUAL...
  • Page 4 Tektronix, Inc. P.O. Box 500 Beaverton, Oregon 97077 070-2373-00...
  • Page 5 TEKTRONIX® OSCILLOSCOPE OPERATQRS INSTRUCTION MANUAL Serial Number ___________________ First Printing AUG 1977...
  • Page 6 Tektronix warrants that this product is free from defects in materials and workmanship. The warranty period is one (1) year from the date of shipment. Tektronix will, at its option, repair or replace the product if Tektronix determines it is defective within the warranty period and if it is returned, freight prepaid, to a service center designated by Tektronix.

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Normal Sweep O p e ra tio n ........... 16 Introduction................4 Applications................17 Crt Display and P o w e r............4 Pedk-to-Peak Voltage Measurements......17 External B lanking..............6 Instantaneous Voltage Measurements—D c ....19 Power Selectors and Dc Balance..........6 442 Operators...
  • Page 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont.) Page BASIC OSCILLOSCOPE O PERA TIO N Comparison Measurements.......... 20 Time Duration Measurements........23 Frequency Measurement..........24 Rise Time Measurements..........25 Time Difference Measurements........27 Multi-Trace Phase Difference Measurements.... 28 X -Y Phase Measurement..........30 442 Operators...
  • Page 9 Page Fig. No. Pa9e Probe compensation.............15 442 Oscilloscope............iv Display of 0.5 PROBE ADJ output signal....17 Power switches on b o tt o m .......... 2 Measuring peak-to-peak voltage o f a waveform . . .18 Line fuse location on Rear P a n e l........3...
  • Page 10 Fig. 1. 442 Oscilloscope 442 Operators...

  • Page 11: Before Operatio N

    The 442 Oscilloscope is designed to be operated from a single phase power source which has one o f its current car­ The 442 operates from either 120 V or 240 V ac input — rying conductors at ground potential (earth ground).
  • Page 12 W A R M I N G Do n o t plug instrument into power source until the following settings are made or checked. Set the Line Voltage Selector switch to the nominal line voltage available (see Fig. 2). Set the Regulating Range Selector Switch (see Fig. 2) so expected line-voltage fluctuations remain within the Regulating Range selected (see Table 1).

  • Page 13: Fuse Information

    Fuse Information The 442 contains a power fuse located in a fuseholder W A R N I N G on the Rear Panel (see Table 2 and Fig. 3). Dangerous potentials exist at several points throughout this instrument. Qualified person­...

  • Page 14: Location And Operation Of External Controls, Connectors And Indicators

    A ll other controls are internal and should not be adjusted except during instrument cali­ bration and service. Procedures and suggestions for cali­ bration and maintenance are presented in the 442 Service Manual. CRT DISPLAY AND POWER (Front Panel.
  • Page 15 POSITION controls. Release BEAM FIN DER wave of approximately 0.5 volts at approximately push button and adjust trigger L E V E L control for a 1 kHz for use in checking attenuation factors and stable display. compensation of probes. 442 Operators...

  • Page 16: External B Lanking

    23 7 3 -5 ac ranges (see Table 1). Position left for HI and posi­ tion right for LO. Fig. 5. External Z -A X IS INPUT on Rear Panel. 442 Operators...
  • Page 17 BNC connector fo r the application o f external signal to channel 1 vertical deflection system. In X-Y oper­ ation, channel 1 or X is horizontal input. Display mode is selected by VERT MODE switches. Fig. 6. Controls through bottom of cabinet. 442 Operators...

  • Page 18: 442 Operators

    (uncalibrated) deflection factors be­ DC: All frequency components o f input signal tween calibrated positions o f the V O L T S /D IV switches. are passed to vertical amplifier. Rotate controls clockwise to detent position for cali- 442 Operators...

  • Page 19: V Ertical

    Channel 1 to Channel 2 at a frequency of approximately 2 5 0 kHz. Trigger signal is automatically derived from Channel 1 input signal unless CH 2 and CHOP push buttons are de­ pressed simultaneously. 442 Operators...

  • Page 20: H O Rizo Ntal

    (2 5 ) M A G N IF IE R X 1 0 -X 1 Push-button switch (in, X I 0) increases each sweep rate by a factor of 10. Extends the fastest sweep rate to 10 nanoseconds/division. 442 Operators...

  • Page 21: T Rig G Ering

    In CHOP, A L T , or D IF F vertical mode, the trigger signal is a sample of Channel 1 input unless CH 2 is depressed simultaneously with CHOP, A L T , or D IF F . 442 Ope...
  • Page 22 LIN E: In this position the trigger signal is a sample of the line voltage applied to instrument. E X T (External Triggering): This position permits triggering on signals applied to the external triggering input connector (item 28). E XT/10: External trigger signals are attenuated by a factor of 10.

  • Page 23: Triggering

    X-Y: This position permits X-Y displays. X input is through Channel 1 input. NOTE X -Y deflection factors are the same as Channel 1 and Channel 2 attenuator position when M AG NIFIER is in X I. When using X I 0, X (Channel 1) deflection is changed by approximately X10.
  • Page 24 signals that are w ithin the frequency range selected by CPLG Switch. In the absence of an adequate trigger signal, or when trigger controls are mis- adjusted, the sweep does not run and there is no sweep display. T V : This position allows triggering on television signals.
  • Page 25 Signals below justing HOLDOFF control. HOLDOFF increases approximately 60 Hz are attenuated. clockwise to MAXimum. 442 Operators...

  • Page 26: Basic Oscilloscope Operation

    The most reliable signal measurements are made when the 442 and unit under test are connected together by a common reference (ground) lead in addition to signal lead or probe. A ground strap on probe provides the best 1.

  • Page 27: Operators Adjustments And Checks

    Any signal o f known amplitude may be used to check vertical gain. Check displayed amplitude to be the same as known signal w ithin 3%. To verify basic accuracy o f the 442, make the following checks and adjustments. Basic Timing Check Be sure VAR of SEC/DIV is in calibrated (cw) posi­...

  • Page 28: No Rm Al Sweep O Peration

    6 cycles should display in graticule area. 2. Connect a signal, — 0.5 V PROBE ADJ output w ill NO RM AL SWEEP O PERATION suffice, via probe supplied w ith 442 to Channel 1 or X input connector. 1. Preset the 442 controls as follows: NOTE 3.

  • Page 29: Applications

    4. Set Triggering controls to obtain a stable display. Set S E C /D IV switch to a position that displays several cycles of waveform. Fig. 11. Display of .5 V PROBE ADJ output signal. REV A APR 1979 442 Operators...

  • Page 30: Measuring Peak-To-Peak Voltage O F A Waveform

    VO LTS/DIV attenuator Peak-to-Peak (divisions) setting factor Substituting the given values: Volts Peak-to-Peak = 4.6 X 5 V X I (probe) The peak-to-peak voltage is 23 volts. Fig. 12. Measuring peak-to-peak voltage of a waveform. 442 Operators REV A, APR 1979...

  • Page 31: Instantaneous Voltage Measurements-D C

    2 input connector. 8. Set Triggering controls to obtain a stable display. Set S E C /D IV switch to a setting that displays several 2. Set V E R T MODE to display channel selected. cycles of signal. 442 Operators...

  • Page 32: Comparison Measurements

    V O L T S /D IV Probe distance X polarity X X attenuator units of measurement is much the same, both processes are (divisions) setting factor described in detail. 442 Operators...
  • Page 33 2 (div­ Substituting these values in the vertical conversion fac­ isions) and setting of V O L T S /D IV switch. This is the tor formula (step 4): vertical conversion factor. 442 Operators...
  • Page 34 V A R control after obtaining desired deflection. 6. Measure the horizontal deflection in divisions and This display can be used as a reference for frequency com­ calculate the period of the unknown signal using the fo l­ parison measurements. lowing formula: 442 Operators...

  • Page 35: Time Duration Measurements

    Period = 5 0 /ns X 1.37 X 7 = 480 jus 6. Adjust vertical POSITION control to move points be­ This answer can be converted to frequency (repetition tween which time measurement is made to center horizon­ rate) by taking the reciprocal of the period. tal line. 442 Operators...

  • Page 36: Frequency Measurement

    The frequency of a period­ DISTANCE ically recurrent signal is reciprocal of time duration (period) 2 3 7 3 -1 4 o f one cycle. Use the following procedure: Fig. 14. Measuring the time duration between points on a waveform. 442 Operators...

  • Page 37: Rise Time Measurements

    10% and 90% points o f waveform. Fall time can be measured in same manner on trailing edge o f wave­ 0.4 division form. 0.5 division 1. Connect signal to either Channel 1 or Channel 2 division in p u t 442 Operators...

  • Page 38: Measuring Rise T Im E

    10% and 90% points is four divisions (see Fig. 15) and S E C /D IV switch is set at 1 ps. Applying time duration formula to rise time: horizontal Rise Time S E C /D IV difference Time Duration setting (divisions) Fig. 15. Measuring rise time. 442 Operators...

  • Page 39: Time Difference Measurements

    The calibrated sweep rate and dual-trace features of the ment is made) in relation to center horizontal line. 442 allow measurement of time difference between two separate events. To measure time difference, use the fo l­ 8. Adjust horizontal POSITION control so Channel 1...

  • Page 40: Multi-Trace Phase Difference Measurements

    Phase comparison between tw o signals of the same fre­ . Set SEC/DIV switch to a sweep rate which displays quency can be made using dual-trace feature o f the 442. about one cycle o f waveform. This method o f phase difference measurement can be used up to frequency lim it o f vertical system.

  • Page 41: Measuring Phase D Iffe Re N Ce

    4 5 ° /division as shown in Fig. 17. Using the formula: horizontal sweep rate Phase Difference = difference (degrees/div) (divisions) Substituting the given values: Fig. 17. Measuring phase difference. REV A, APR 1979 442 Operators...

  • Page 42: Y Phase Measurement

    (Y) and less than 10 divisions horizontally (X ). The Channel 1 V O L T S /D IV switch controls horizontal deflection (X ) and Channel 2 V O L T S /D IV switch controls vertical deflection (Y ). 442 Operators...
  • Page 43 If display is a circle, signals are 90° out of phase. From trigonometric tables: EXAM PLE: To measure phase of display shown in Fig. 18 where A is 5 divisions and B is 10 divisions, use = 30° the formula: 442 Operators REV . A, FEB. 1978...
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  • Page 47 Inner back cover...
  • Page 48 Outer back cover...

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