Related Manuals for Raymarine GPS navigation
Summary of Contents for Raymarine GPS navigation
- Page 1 Distributed by Any reference to Raytheon or RTN in this manual should be interpreted as Raymarine. The names Raytheon and RTN are owned by the Raytheon Company.
- Page 2 NAV398GPS/IL>RAI\l GPSlLORAN OPERATION MANUAL...
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1 .O General 1.1 About This Manual SECTION 2 INSTALLATION 2.0 General 2.1 Unpacking and Inspection 2.1.1 Equipment Supplied 2.2 Display Installation 2.2.1 Choosing a Location 2.2.2 Mounting the NAV Unit 2.2.3 Flush Mounting 2.3 Electrical Connections 2.3.1 Power Input 2.3.2 Sensor Connections... - Page 4 3.5 Main Display Modes 3.5.1 Position Display Mode 3.5.2 Customizing Display Modes 3.5.3 Navigation Display Mode 3.5.4 CD1 Display Mode 3.5.5 Plot Display Mode 3.5.6 Simulator Mode 3.5.7 Display Mode Operations 3.5.7.1 Saving Events 3.5.7.2 GOT0 Destinations 3.6 Entering Waypoints 3.6.1 General Waypoint Information 3.6.2 Waypoint Directory 3.6.3 Naming Waypoints...
- Page 5 1 .O General Congratulations on selecting Raytheons’ gation aboard your vessel. We are sure you will enjoy using this ultra modern, full function, and compact navigation system. The NAV 398, with its’ large STN LCD display, excellant graphics, on-sceen prompts, and oversized soft silicon keys, provide simple operations to guide you through the various navigation functions.
- Page 6 In the event that you are using a Loran-C Navigator for the first time, please refer to the Raynav 508/508~ Loran-C Sensor instruction manual for basic loran information. The Introduction section of the 508 manual includes a listing of common Loran C Terminology used with loran. NAV398 If your is using the...
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Page 7: Section 2 Installation
2.0 General Although your performance, it can best attain those standards only when it has been properly installed. This section provides the user with practical guidelines to assist in the planning and the installation of the 2.1 Unpacking and Inspection Use care when unpacking the unit from its shipping carton to prevent damage to the contents. -
Page 8: Display Installation
2.2 Display Installation 2.2.1 Choosing a Location When choosing the location to mount the the following criteria for the site: The best location to provide ease of operation and viewing of the unit. The best location to provide protection from the elements of the environment. -
Page 9: Mounting The Nav Unit
2.2.2 Mounting the NAV Unit Use the following steps for yoke mounting of the Unit: 1. Loosen the yoke knobs on each side of the unit. and remove the mounting yoke bracket. 2. Position the bracket to the mounting surface and mark the holes for the mounting screws. -
Page 10: Electrical Connections
required. When using the Trim Ring Kit, add 3/4” to the width and height clearance dimensions. Make sure there are no hidden electrical wires or other items behind the desired location before proceeding. Check to see that free access for mount- ing and cabling is available. -
Page 11: Power Input
2.3.1 Power Input 398 is intended for use on vessels with 12 VDC power systems and can operate as long as the DC supply is maintained between 10 and 16 volts. The DC power system can be “negative” ground or have both positive and negative supply lines “floating”... -
Page 12: Interface To External Navaids
provide ship’s L/L position data on their own without other input requirements. In a typical installation, the 6-pin GPS sensor connector is plugged directly into the jack labeled “GPS” on the rear of the cabinet. The 5 Pin plug of the Loran-C sensor is connected to the jack labeled “LORAN”. -
Page 13: Ground Connection
accepting position data in the NMEA format. Please refer to the Raystar 108 or Raynav 508/508A instruction manuals for details on making this type of interconnection. Data Input One feature of the NAV398 is to transfer the waypoint and route memory contents of the internal memory to external computer files and to re-load the memory from the computer. - Page 14 34v4. 714' 118" 35.236' 34O14.714' 118" 35.236' ) POS ’ 34Ol4.714' 118" 35.236' MAIN DISPLAY MODES - NAV 398 INSTALLATION 2-8 123'm 093'm Sffi 11.7nm 10.9kt NAV 1 N 35%. 452 , w115v5.223 . _. _ .._._,_ ,. -. _I . ..“. ~. a- -.w.--...
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Page 15: Section 3 Operation
3.1 General This chapter provides instructions for the operation of your new NAV 398 LCD NAVigator unit. We think you will find the operation of the straightforward. The approach to take in becoming familiar with it’s opera- tion is one of relaxed confidence. The unit is quite “user friendly” and relies on screen prompting to guide you through the operations and set-up menus. - Page 16 The keyboard consists of 15 silicon rubber keys. Some of the keys carry dual labels such as(ormkeys and are normally used to enter the main operations of the once vou have entered the main oueration. Notice that some keys such as 1-1 and/morJMENUJ operation when depressed.
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Page 17: Basic Operations
Basic Operations Now that the has been described, we should be ready to begin learning the basic operations of the unit. So, let’s press the power key and get going! 3.3.1 Turning Unit On/ Off To turn the unit ON, press themlkey. To turn the unit OFF, press the /pwRp<ey andmqkeys simultaneously. -
Page 18: Selecting Loran/Gps Mode
l.“,T.. NWV 9PB MRSON The ID screen is then followed by a second screen which advises that the SELF TEST is in process, and a third screen prints the The Signal Status screen provides a readout or the progress made by the sensors in acquisition and tracking of the signals. -
Page 19: Initializing Sensors
If the Differential Beacon Receiver is connected and tracking the beacon signal “DGPS” is indicated in the message window. The latitude/longitude readouts will include the differential corrections for greater accuracy. When the Loran-C mode is selected, the “LORAN” characters will be illuminated along in the message window of the display and the L/L position and ship’s course and speed data is then Loran-C derived. -
Page 20: Estimated Latitude
The sensors always store the Lat/Lon position in memory. The next time you use the unit, the only thing you’ll have to do is just turn it “ON”. In a few minutes your position will be displayed. 3.4.1 Estimated Latitude With the "... -
Page 21: 3'The Status Page
one degree of longitude. For longitudes of less than 100 degrees, begin the entry with “0”. After you press the mjey, check to see that the direction symbol “W” is correctly indicated to the left of your longitude entry. If “E” is displayed, to change the symbol to press the \r/wl softkey direction is correct, pres@CKJ. -
Page 22: Main Display Modes
More information on the Status and signal tracking screens appears later in this chapter. 3.5 Main Display Modes The NAV 398 has FOUR Main Display modes used most often during normal navigation. They are the POS (Position), NAV (NAVigation), CD1 Graphic , and PLOT Tracking display modes. - Page 23 Along the bottom row, the sensor “in use” is indicated in the highlighted block. If the Raynav 508 is used, “LORAN” appears in the block. If the Raystar 108 is used, “GPS” appears together with the current GPS Fix mode type.
- Page 24 POS 4 The POS 4 screen brings up the coordinates of the destination waypoint to the screen so you can compare the numbers. TDs are shown here be- cause matching the TD coordinates is an ideal way to return to a favorite wreck for fishing, TDs are stored in the waypoint memories any time you save a location as an Event or by direct entry of TDs as a waypoint location.
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Page 25: Customizing Display Modes
Anytime you switch from the Display modes to other functions and return ‘to the same mode, the last selected screen reappears. However, when the power is turned OFF and then ON again, the last used POS screen is always selected. We’ve seen 5 different Position screens so far. -
Page 26: Cd1 Display Mode
z3Yn iE3". IT.7 8.9 kt Generally, the entered into the units’ memories . Once a waypoint destination is selected, the NAVY display will feature large readouts of the destination Bearing (BRG)and Distance-to-go (DTG) to the waypoint combined with the Course and Speed readouts. -
Page 27: Plot Display Mode
the line and whether the vessel is closing, parallel- ing, or opening away from the line. A bit of the vessel track history appears behind the boat symbol. Up ahead, the waypoint destination is in view. If the destination is identified by a symbol or name, the first character will be blinking near the target area. -
Page 28: Plot Display
The PLOT 2 screen re-arranges the BRG and DTG readouts and adds the vessels’ current position data to the screen. The L/L readout can be turned OFF in the PLOT DISPLAY menu for better viewing. Plot Scales The Plot size or scaling can be changed to show the navigation area of interest by pressing the softkeys indicated by thmorm{arrows. - Page 29 the [TRACK INTERVALlso&ey Press highlighted by the block. Now track recording will be ON. unit has Auto Start/Stop plotting built in. So, if you should stop along the way to fish, and forget to turn the track recording interval off, the tracker should automatically stop plotting until you’re moving again.
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Page 30: Simulator Mode
Press lCLEAR[twice to return to the last selected display mode. 3.5.6 Simulator Mode includes a simulator mode which can NAV 398 show simulated readouts on the various screens. There are dynamic simulated screens for both loran and GPS and can be used to demonstate navigation to waypoints and following route plans. -
Page 31: Got0 Destinations
then go ahead and press thelENTER(key. The memory will be updated, and the screen returns back to the last One caution on saving Events. For maximum accuracy, it’s best to be sitting next to the desired location and let the readouts settle down for a few seconds before pressing themjkey. - Page 32 on track in the center. The the track line. Ideally, the helmsman sets the vessel’s heading with his steering compass or autopilot to the bearing shown for the waypoint destination and begins watching the scale at the top of the or the active graphic The helmsman then provides steering correction to keep the boat symbol on the track line or if watching the digital...
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Page 33: Entering Waypoints
3.6 Entering Waypoints 3.6.1 General Waypoint Information One of the key operations of the pre-programmed waypoint destinations from your present position. Way- points can be entered into your 398 unit by using one of the following four methods: Storing au “Event” (instantly saves ship’s present position as you pass a buoy, enter a channel, or are sitting on top of a great fishing spot). - Page 34 (WPT c -1 ENlERNEWWPT? ENTER WPT NO. 0-w OOTO WFT LIST FRESS CIEAR TO EXIT I STOAE wNKnNT WPTloOZ smPEwPrm IATtLONG [SmRE WAypolNl- &II. WPTnot WC9 ENT TO ENTER UT W’ waypoint coordinate data. Pressing one of the softkeys will help you make that selection.
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Page 35: Waypoint List
/GOTO WAYPOINT LISA memories. When the WAYPOINT LIST keys (one at a time) to scroll through the memory listings in either direction. When either key is held down, the scrolling operation speeds up so memories can be accessed more quickly. If you want to store a new waypoint or edit the existing information of a selected (highlighted) waypoint memory, place the desired memory number in the highlighted... -
Page 36: Storing Waypoints
any blank space in the typewriter box and then press the softkeys required to add the character. If you make a mistake, just position the blinking cursor over the incorrect character (REV) key and re-type the car- with the rect character in its place. When the NAME is complete, press thei- key. - Page 37 Enter the waypoint Longitude coordinates by typing the numeric value. _._... Begin with a “0” if the Longitude is less than 100’. Press 1-1 when the value is correct anqn\again if the direction is displayed correctly. If the indicated direction is incorrect, press the softkey for “E” or “w”. Example: Press 0,8,2, 1, 0,2, S,Im(ENTER[ Long.
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Page 38: Waypoint List Operations
3.6.4.3 Storing by Bearing/distance Occasionally, you may wish to enter a waypoint into memory by describing the waypoint’s position as a bearing and distance from your own current position. This is easily accomplished with your NAV unit. However, while describing a range or distance from your vessel should not be a problem, it is important to make sure your “bearing”... -
Page 39: Selecting Waypoints
3.6.5.1 Selecting Waypoints To control the positioning of the list contents, the (up) key lets you look at the listed waypoints at - the top of the list; the 3 (down) key lets you look at waypoints down the list. The waypoint # ap- pearing in the highlighted block is the “selected”... - Page 40 WAYPOINT SF On the WAYPOMT is correct. Also verify that the Waypoint Protection feature for the selected waypoint is OFF. Press the waypoint will be erased. Make sure that the waypoint to be erased is NOT selected as your current destination. Only waypoints protected “manually” cannot be accidentally erased.
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Page 41: Setting Alarms
3.7 Setting Alarms 398 has three operator programmable alarms that you can set to advise you when limits have been reached. The types of alarms available are: ARRIVAL- Arrival at a waypoint. ANCHOR - Exceeds Anchor drift limit. OFF COURSE- Straying too far from track. Whenever an alarm is set and activated, the audible beeper will sound and the alarm characters will blink on-screen. - Page 42 alarm is initially set to 0.10 nm from the factory to provide an arrival alert in the event that one is not set by the operator. 3.7.2 The Anchor Alarm The anchor alarm is intended to be used to monitor your vessel’s position while at anchor.
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Page 43: Off-Course Alarm
3.7.3 Off-Course Alarm The Off-Course alarm can be used to alert you when you are steering to a specific waypoint destination if your vessel strays too far away from your intended track line to the selected way- Cc point. This is particularly useful if you &G@ are using an autopilot to monitor its ef- fectiveness. -
Page 44: Route Plans
The arrival alarm is preset to 0. lnm and activates whenever you are within this area relative to the MOB. As always, press the -1 key to silence the audible alarm. To Cancel the MAN-Overboard function and return to the Position dis- playpress and hold the[MOB/8lkey for about 3 to 4 seconds until a second beep is heard and the MOB characters disappear from the screen. -
Page 45: Make A Route
3.9.1 Making Route Plans. Press themlkey and the screen appears. Press thejm[softkey. When the lm[key is pressed, the MAKE Selection screen appears to prompt you to choose a route number for your route plan. Choose any number from those listed on the screen and press(ENTER( Example: 4, -1, for route plan 4. -
Page 46: Following Route Plans
When you have completed the entry of all the waypoints for a particular route plan, just press thewqkey. The new route plan will be stored and the display will promptly return to the last used Display mode. 3.9.2 FollowRoute Plans Once a route plan has been made and saved into I/ memory, it can be recalled to Followed or to be Edited. -
Page 47: Editing Route Plans
When-is pressed the route sequence mode, will be ON. The route number will be displayed in the left corner of the waypoint information bar on the POS, NAV, or CD1 screens and the first point of the route plan becomes your initial destination, unless you happen to already be at the first point of the route. -
Page 48: Erasing Route Plans
Press theI=j key puts the screen into an Edit condition so you can INSERT or DELETE waypoints. Notice that two softkeys ILEG and m (insert) appear on the screen. To INSERT a Waypoint For example; to insert a new waypoint between waypoints #006 and #036, press(LEGI[ and them[arrow until you see the leg containing Fr 006/to 036. -
Page 49: Main Menu Directory
function or setup that requires change. The paragraphs that follow will endeavor to provide simple guidelines for you. MENU NW SETUPS * SIGNALSTATUS ) mEscl.sAnmm SJgnol MENU OPERATIONS mu AVENAGING LORAN 3.10.1 Main Menu Directory The figure above shows the selection paths that are available when the -key is actuated. -
Page 50: Signal Status
3.10.2 Signal Status Pages SIGNAL STA acquisition and tracking of the attached sensors and thereby indicate the quality of the position fix. If the sensor, the status of the sensor in use is always displayed. You may choose GPS or Loran operation while in the normal Display modes by pressing the k e y . - Page 51 As you may remember from reading the basic loran information in the 508 manual, the secondaries get their numbers by using the first R~~NAV digit of their normal time delay. On this display you actually see the TDs of all the loran signals, but the two “S” numbers highlighted in the reverse block characters at the left side are the stations being used to get your Lat./Long readout.
- Page 52 I’ STATION SELECTION m 9960 AUTO STATION @ St12 PRESS ENTER TO RETURN 3.10.2.3 Station Selection Mode If for some reason the SNR values or the Track Status of the stations in the Automatic Station Select mode are poor and the loran will not lock-on, you can choose Manual Station mode and make station selections manually using the signals that are received in good quality.
- Page 53 Selection of Secondaries When pS1,S2?( softkey is pressed, the screen will change to the ” S 1, $2 Selection” screen. On this page the top line of large characters shows the received secondary stations from the selected GRI. To enter the two secondary stations for S 1 and $2 that you would prefer to use for your Lat/Lon calculations, Press thasoftkey for a NEW S 1 station and using the numeric keys, type the number of the desired station.
- Page 54 In the title box, the fix type is displayed at the right end. Here, you will see either 3D or 2D characters. The 2D mode is a two-dimensional position fix mode that will not factor the calculated altitude (antenna height) into the L/L position solution.
- Page 55 Example: Press 4,2,0,5,0,0~~,~/, Check the direction displayed to the left of the Latitude. Use thakey to change “S” to “N” or vice versa. Press-it0 save the Latitude. Estimated Longitude The prompt now moves to request your Longitude entry . Type in the correct longitude value.
- Page 56 Local Time Entry When 1-1 is pressed to accept the Date entry, the display will prompt you to enter Local time. Enter the hour and minutes (+/- 15 minutes) using the 24 hour format. In the 24 hour format, 9:OOa.m. is shown as 0900, 3:OOp.m.
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Page 57: Satellite Search
SI G NAi Y &T”S OPERATIONS Press the[Gikey to return to the Main Menu Directory. L/L Digits ( L/L Resolution) The next item of the SF menu selects the latitude/longitude readout resolu- tion . The readouts can display to VlOOths of a minute or l/lOOOths of a minute. -
Page 58: System Setup
3.10.3 System Setups In the System Set-up menu the type and style of the various readouts and messages can be set to your prefer- ence. This menu also controls the Data input/Output parameters. To see the System menu, from the POS, NAV, or CD1 screen press thejRi$Qkey. - Page 59 3.10.3.3 DATA IN/OUT Menus When you are on the SYSTEM SETUP menu sofkey the SYSTEM STATUS- DATA the format of the data to output and execute the transfer of waypoints and routes in and out of the To select the Data output format 0 180, or 0 183 NMEA data formats.
- Page 60 Designate a drive, path, and file for the data to be saved into. When the PC press Set, thelOUTPUT WPT DATA1 sofkeys to begin the memory transfer. The screen will show the message "SENDINGWPDATAOUT" the transfer process. The time to upload the data will depend on the number of memory elements to transfer since up to 500 memories may be involved.
- Page 61 NAV SETUPS MENU COURSBIBBARINPS POSITION CORR. PMSS CLEAR TO Exrr 3.10.4 NAV Setups Menu- Loran NAV Setups for Loran include making choices of bearing types, position corrections, and averaging constants for smooth (but responsive) readouts. 3.10.4.1TrueBlagnetic As with most navaids, Course and Bearing readouts can appear referenced to True North or Magnetic North on the screen.
- Page 62 3.10.4.2 Position The NAV 398 unit has Position corrections that are available for use with Loran-C navigation and corrections that apply to GPS navigation. If you happen to be using both senors in your system, the menus that appear on the screen will be determined by the sensor that is currently selected for use.
- Page 63 arrival at the waypoint, the ships’ L/L must match WPT L/L. If the ship’s displayed L/L is ASF corrected, the waypoint memory must have corrected L/L coordinates if you are to arrive at the same location again. The NAV 398 takes care of this automatically for you.
- Page 64 Type in the numeric value 1, 2 and press([. In our example the correction was a plus value. So, even though the ” +/-I’ prompt just came on-screen, just press thdmlkey again for the +1.2us TD 1 correction. Whedwiis pressed, the display i s n o w r e a d y t o c o n t i n u e w i t h e n t e r i n g the offset value for TD2.
- Page 65 3.10.4.3 Averaging for Loran Gn the LORAN AVERAGING averaging periods for the Loran L/L readouts and one for the Speed readouts. Averaging periods of SHORT MEDIUM LONG Press the [ wL POSITION scroll the selections for the position readout. Press thdWisoi?key repeatedly to scroll the selections for the Speed readout.
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Page 66: Geodetic Datums
Geodetic Datums Mariners may find considerable errors (up to 200 meters) in plotting own ship’s position if their charts were created using one type of geodetic data system while the GPS calculates positions using another data system. TheNAV 398 can program the RAYSTAR 108 to provide position calculations utilizing several geodetic data systems. -
Page 67: Service Area
Table A: ADDITIONAL GEODETIC DATUMS DATUM AREA ADINDAN ARC 1950 AUSTRALIAN GEODETIC 1984 BERMUDA 1957 BOGOTA OBSERVATORY CAMP0 INCHAUSPE CHATHAM 197 1 CHUO ASTRO CORREGO ALEGRE DJAKARTA (VATAVIA) EUROPEAN 1979 GEODETIC DATUM 1949 GUAM 1963 HAYFORD 1910 HJORSEY 1955 INDIAN KERTAU 1948 L.C. - Page 68 Manual Lat/Lon Corrections Although its not very likely that you will choose to correct your GPS L/L position with any type of manual corrections, the means to do so is included in the NAV 398 menus. Manual corrections would not be efficient because the variable errors introduced by the “selective availability”...
- Page 69 3.10.5.2 Differential Beacon Operation Ordinarily the Raytheon DGPS Beacon receiver works automatically to find and track the radiobeacon providing differential GPS corrections in your area. When the beacon is being received, “DGPS” is displayed in the message area at the bottom of the various display modes. The Beacon receiver is capable of operation in a [ t+mrtoN CORR Manual Tuning mode via the NAV 398 menu.
- Page 70 When the -1 softkey is pressed the screen changes so you may type in the frequency and baud rate of your desired beacon. Beacon Transmitter DGPS On this menu you should type the frequency and press thejjkey. Then type in the baud rate and press the -1 key. When the-key is pressed following the baud rate entry, the screen will return to the last used display mode screen.
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Page 71: Maintenance
4.1 General Maintaining satisfactory operation of your you care for the equipment. The simple maintenance tips that follow can save you time and money, as well as prevent unnecessary premature failures. Always keep the equipment as clean as possible. Use a soft clean cloth for cleaning the surface filter, control panel, etc. Do not use abrasive cleansers, chemical cleaners or solvents. - Page 72 4.3 Replacing The Battery Both the memories to store your position and other set-up information. A lithium back-up battery keeps this memory information intact even when the units are disconnected from the ship’s battery. The estimated life span of the internal memory battery is from three to five years.
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Page 73: Troubleshooting Chart
Turn the unit to OFF with them[key. Press and hold the D RESET (pos/ljkey and press them] key to turn the unit ON. Turn the unit to OFF with themd key. Press and hold the SOL RESET: ]m]key and press the]-] key to turn the unit ON. In each case following the reset, the screen of the the Auto Start-up sequence and will prompt you to re-enter the Latitude and Longitude initial position coordinates. - Page 74 Sensor Inputs: Alarms: Data Output: Data Output Rate: Data Input: Display type: Display Backlighting: Memory Back-up: Input Voltage: Power Consumption: 4.6.2 Display Data Latitude/Longitude: TD Pair: Stations: Satellite Data: Waypoints: Bearing & Range: Time-To-Go: Speed & Course: Receiving Status: Cross-track-error: Corrections: MAINTENANCE 4-4 Loran-C, GPS...
- Page 75 Man-Overboard Mode: Languages: Warning Indicators: 4.6.3 Physical and Environmental Operating Temperature: Weight: Dimensions: Specifications are subject to change without notice b. Manual entry for L/L or TDs Range, bearing, COG & SOG, and alarms for emergency search conditions. English, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Italian, German “ERR”...
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