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Related information
•
Fuel - handling (p. 293)
•
Fuel - diesel (p. 294)
•
Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
(p. 420)
•
Fuel tank - volume (p. 417)
Catalytic converters
The purpose of the catalytic converters is to
purify exhaust gases. They are located close to
the engine so that operating temperature is
reached quickly.
The catalytic converters consist of a monolith
(ceramic or metal) with channels. The channel
walls are lined with a thin layer of platinum/
rhodium/palladium. These metals act as cata-
lysts, i.e. they participate in and accelerate a
chemical reaction without being used up them-
selves.
TM
Lambda-sond
oxygen sensor
The Lambda-sond is part of a control system
intended to reduce emissions and improve fuel
economy. For more information, see Fuel con-
sumption and CO2 emissions (p. 420).
An oxygen sensor monitors the oxygen content
of the exhaust gases leaving the engine. This
value is fed into an electronic system that contin-
uously controls the injectors. The ratio of fuel to
air directed to the engine is continuously
adjusted. These adjustments create optimal con-
ditions for efficient combustion, and together with
the three-way catalytic converter reduce harmful
emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and
nitrous oxides).
Related information
•
Fuel - diesel (p. 294)
STARTING AND DRIVING
Charging the hybrid battery
In addition to the fuel tank, as in a conventional
car, the car is equipped with a rechargeable bat-
tery - a so-called hybrid battery of the lithium-ion
type.
The hybrid battery is charged using a charging
cable with control unit (p. 301) which is located
in the storage area under the cargo area floor,
see Charging cable with control unit (p. 301).
NOTE
Volvo recommends a charging cable in
accordance with IEC 62196 and IEC 61851
which supports temperature monitoring.
The time it takes for the hybrid battery to be
charged is dependent on the charging current
(p. 298) that is used.
During the charging of the car's hybrid battery,
the control unit shows the current status (p. 303)
during ongoing charging and after charging is
complete.
While the hybrid battery is being charged, charg-
ing is also in progress for the car's starter battery
(p. 376).
If the hybrid battery's temperature is below
-10 ºC or above 30 ºC then it may mean that
some of the car's functions are changed or
unavailable because the capacity of the hybrid
}}
297
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