Wartsila 31 Product Manual
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Wartsila 31 Product Manual

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Wärtsilä 31
PRODUCT GUIDE

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  • Page 1 Wärtsilä 31 PRODUCT GUIDE...
  • Page 2 © Copyright by WÄRTSILÄ FINLAND Oy All rights reserved. No part of this booklet may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, graphic, photocopying, recording, taping or other information retrieval systems) without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
  • Page 3 Any data and information herein is subject to revision without notice. Issue Published Updates 1/2016 18.10.2016 First version of Product Guide W31 Wärtsilä, Marine Solutions Vaasa, October 2016 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    External lubricating oil system ..................... Crankcase ventilation system ...................... 7-11 Flushing instructions ........................7-13 Compressed Air System ........................Instrument air quality ........................Internal compressed air system ....................External compressed air system ....................Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 5 18.3 Engine components ........................18-3 19. Product Guide Attachments ....................... 19-1 20. ANNEX ..............................20-1 20.1 Unit conversion tables ......................... 20-1 20.2 Collection of drawing symbols used in drawings ................ 20-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
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  • Page 7: Main Data And Outputs

    Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 1. Main Data and Outputs Main Data and Outputs The Wärtsilä 31 is a 4-stroke, non-reversible, turbocharged and intercooled diesel engine with direct fuel injection. Cylinder bore ......310 mm Stroke ........430 mm Number of valves ....

  • Page 8: Reference Conditions

    ● Transverse inclination, permanent (list) 15° ● Transverse inclination, momentary (roll) 22.5° ● Longitudinal inclination, permanent (trim) 10° ● Longitudinal inclination, momentary (pitch) 10° NOTE Inclination in all directions requires special arrangements. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 9: Dimensions And Weights

    Dimension from the end of the engine block to the centre of the exhaust gas outlet * Turbocharger at flywheel end ** Weight with liquids (wet sump) but without flywheel All dimensions in mm. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
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  • Page 11: Operating Ranges

    An additional engine margin can be applied for most economical operation of the engine, or to have reserve power. Fig 2-1 Operating field for CP Propeller Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 12: Loading Capacity

    100% to 0% in less than 15 seconds. When absolutely necessary, the load can be reduced as fast as the pitch setting system can react (overspeed due to windmilling must be considered for high speed ships). Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 13 A diesel generator typically reaches nominal speed in about 20 seconds after the start signal. The acceleration is limited by the speed control to minimise smoke during start-up. If requested faster starting times can be arranged. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 14: Operation At Low Load And Idling

    In cold conditions the following minimum inlet air temperatures apply: ● Min 5ºC For lower suction air temperatures engines shall be configured for arctic operation. For further guidelines, see chapter Combustion air system design. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 15: Technical Data

    170.6 171.6 171.1 172.0 171.6 Fuel consumption at 75% load, HFO g/kWh 172.5 173.5 173.0 174.0 171.6 Fuel consumption at 50% load, HFO g/kWh 182.3 183.3 182.8 183.8 178.5 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 16 °C 25 ... 38 25 ... 38 25 ... 38 25 ... 38 25 ... 38 Capacity of engine driven pump, nom. m³/h Pressure drop over charge air cooler (one-stage) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 17 + one lubricating oil pump). Tolerance 5%. ME = Engine driving propeller, variable speed AE = Auxiliary engine driving generator DE = Diesel-Electric engine driving generator Subject to revision without notice. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 18: Wärtsilä 10V31

    172.5 173.5 173.0 174.0 173.5 Fuel consumption at 85% load, MDF g/kWh 169.7 170.6 170.1 171.1 170.6 Fuel consumption at 75% load, MDF g/kWh 171.6 172.5 172.0 173.0 170.6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 19 Capacity of engine driven pump, nom. m³/h Pressure drop over charge air cooler Pressure drop over charge air cooler (one-stage) Pressure drop over charge air cooler (two-stage) Pressure drop in external system, max. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 20 + one lubricating oil pump). Tolerance 5%. ME = Engine driving propeller, variable speed AE = Auxiliary engine driving generator DE = Diesel-Electric engine driving generator Subject to revision without notice. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 21: Wärtsilä 12V31

    172.5 173.5 173.0 174.0 173.5 Fuel consumption at 85% load, MDF g/kWh 169.7 170.6 170.1 171.1 170.6 Fuel consumption at 75% load, MDF g/kWh 171.6 172.5 172.0 173.0 170.6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 22 Capacity of engine driven pump, nom. m³/h Pressure drop over charge air cooler (one-stage) Pressure drop over charge air cooler (two-stage) Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 23 + one lubricating oil pump). Tolerance 5%. ME = Engine driving propeller, variable speed AE = Auxiliary engine driving generator DE = Diesel-Electric engine driving generator Subject to revision without notice. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 24: Wärtsilä 14V31

    172.5 173.5 173.0 174.0 173.5 Fuel consumption at 85% load, MDF g/kWh 169.7 170.6 170.1 171.1 170.6 Fuel consumption at 75% load, MDF g/kWh 171.6 172.5 172.0 173.0 170.6 3-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 25 Capacity of engine driven pump, nom. m³/h Pressure drop over charge air cooler (one-stage) Pressure drop over charge air cooler (two-stage) Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 3-11...
  • Page 26 + one lubricating oil pump). Tolerance 5%. ME = Engine driving propeller, variable speed AE = Auxiliary engine driving generator DE = Diesel-Electric engine driving generator Subject to revision without notice. 3-12 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 27: Wärtsilä 16V31

    172.5 173.5 173.0 174.0 173.5 Fuel consumption at 85% load, MDF g/kWh 169.7 170.6 170.1 171.1 170.7 Fuel consumption at 75% load, MDF g/kWh 171.6 172.5 172.0 173.0 170.7 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 3-13...
  • Page 28 Capacity of engine driven pump, nom. m³/h Pressure drop over charge air cooler (one-stage) Pressure drop over charge air cooler (two-stage) Pressure drop over oil cooler Pressure drop in external system, max. 3-14 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 29 + one lubricating oil pump). Tolerance 5%. ME = Engine driving propeller, variable speed AE = Auxiliary engine driving generator DE = Diesel-Electric engine driving generator Subject to revision without notice. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 3-15...
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  • Page 31: Description Of The Engine

    For the dry sump there is a main distributing oil pipe for lubricating oil and drains at either end to a separate system oil tank. The engine holding down bolts are hydraulically tightened in order to facilitate the engine installation to both rigid and resilient foundation. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 32: Cylinder Liner

    The valve seat rings are made of alloyed steel, for wear resistance. All valves are hydraulic controlled with valve guides and equipped with valve springs and rotators. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 33: Camshaft And Valve Mechanism

    The LP CAC is cooled with LT-water or in some cases by both HT- and LT-water. The HP CAC is always cooled by LT-water. Fresh water is used for both circuits. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 34: Fuel Injection Equipment

    4.2.15 Automation system The Wärtsilä 31 engine is equipped with an UNIC electronic control system. UNIC have hardwired interface for control functions and a bus communication interface for alarm and monitoring. Additionally UNIC includes fuel injection control for engines with electronic fuel injection rate optimized nozzles.

  • Page 35: Expected Overhaul Intervals And Life Times

    Engine storage At delivery the engine is provided with VCI coating and a tarpaulin. For storage longer than 3 months please contact Wärtsilä Finland Oy. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
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  • Page 37: Piping Design, Treatment And Installation

    ● The flow velocity should not be below 1 m/s in sea water piping due to increased risk of fouling and pitting. ● In open circuits the velocity in the suction pipe is typically about 2/3 of the velocity in the delivery pipe. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 38: Trace Heating

    (working) pressure. The highest operating (working) pressure is equal to the setting of the safety valve in a system. The pressure in the system can: ● Originate from a positive displacement pump Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 39: Pipe Class

    < 1.6 (16) and < 150 < 0.7 (7) and < 60 Other media > 4 (40) or > 300 < 4 (40) and < 300 < 1.6 (16) and < 200 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 40: Insulation

    B = Removal of rust and scale with steel brush (not required for seamless precision tubes) D = Pickling (not required for seamless precision tubes) Methods applied after installation onboard Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 41: Flexible Pipe Connections

    ● Flexible elements must not be painted ● Rubber bellows must be kept clean from oil and fuel ● The piping must be rigidly supported close to the flexible piping connections. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 42: Clamping Of Pipes

    Examples of flange support structures are shown in Figure 5-2. A typical pipe clamp for a fixed support is shown in Figure 5-3. Pipe clamps must be made of steel; plastic clamps or similar may not be used. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 43 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 5. Piping Design, Treatment and Installation Fig 5-2 Flange supports of flexible pipe connections (4V60L0796) Fig 5-3 Pipe clamp for fixed support (4V61H0842) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
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  • Page 45: Fuel Oil System

    0.30 0.30 — ISO 10370 distillation residue max. Carbon residue: micro method, max. % mass — — 0.30 ISO 10370 Pour point (upper) , winter quality, max. °C ISO 3016 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 46 If the sample is not clear and bright, the test cannot be undertaken and hence the lubricity limit shall not apply. The requirement is applicable to fuels with a sulphur content below 500 mg/kg (0.050 % mass). Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 47 The implementation date for compliance with the limit shall be 1 July 2012. Until that, the specified value is given for guidance. It shall be ensured that the pour point is suitable for the equipment on board, especially if the ship operates in cold climates. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 48 Additional properties specified by Wärtsilä, which are not included in the ISO specification. i) If the sample is dyed and not transparent, then the water limit and test method ISO 12937 shall apply. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 49: Internal Fuel Oil System

    FO leakage, dirty fuel FE, A-bank TE136A FO pump A3 temperature LS107B FO leakage, dirty fuel FE, B-bank ST173 Engine speed 1 PS110 FO stand-by pump, start ST174 Engine speed 2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 50 DN32 1043 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 Fuel to external filter DN25 Fuel from external filter DN25 *) If FO pump, DN40 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 51 The quantity of clean leak fuel is given in chapter Technical data. Other possible leak fuel and spilled water and oil is separately drained from the hot-box through dirty fuel oil connections and it shall be led to a sludge tank. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 52: External Fuel Oil System

    24 hours operation at maximum fuel consumption. The tanks should be provided with internal baffles to achieve efficient settling and have a sloped bottom for proper draining. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 53 Would a centrifugal separator be considered too expensive for a MDF installation, then it can be accepted to use coalescing Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 54 ● Suction strainer (1F02) ● Feed pump (1P02) ● Pre-heater (1E01) ● Sludge tank (1T05) ● Separator (1S01/1S02) ● Sludge pump ● Control cabinets including motor starters and monitoring 6-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 55 The surface temperature in the heater must not be too high in order to avoid cracking of the fuel. The temperature control must be able to maintain the fuel temperature within ± 2°C. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-11...
  • Page 56 The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible below the separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously falling. 6-12 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 57 1P08 Stand-by pump (MDF) 1043 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1T06 Day tank (MDF) 1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1V10 Quick closing valve (fuel oil tank) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-13...
  • Page 58 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1V10 Quick closing valve (fuel oil tank) 1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 Fuel to external filter DN25 Fuel from external filter DN25 6-14 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 59 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1T06 Day tank (MDF) 1043 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 1V10 Quick closing valve (fuel oil tank) 1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-15...
  • Page 60 The diameter of the pipe between the fine filter and the engine should be the same as the diameter before the filters. Design data: Fuel viscosity according to fuel specifications 6-16 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 61 Max. pressure drop, fuel oil 80 kPa (0.8 bar) Max. pressure drop, water 60 kPa (0.6 bar) Margin (heat rate, fouling) min. 15% Design temperature MDF/HFO installa- 50/150°C tion Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-17...
  • Page 62 1P04 Fuel feed pump (booster unit) Pipe connections: Size Fuel inlet DN25 Fuel outlet DN25 1033 Leak fuel drain, clean fuel OD28 1041-1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 6-18 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 63 1P04 Fuel feed pump (booster unit) Pipe connections: Size Fuel inlet DN25 Fuel outlet DN25 1033 Leak fuel drain, clean fuel OD28 1041-1044 Leak fuel drain, dirty fuel DN32 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-19...

  • Page 64: Starting And Stopping

    A suction strainer with a fineness of 0.5 mm should be installed before each pump. There must be a positive static pressure of about 30 kPa on the suction side of the pump. 6-20 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 65 Overheating (temperature exceeding 100°C) is however to be prevented, and it must be possible to switch off the heating for operation on MDF. Design data: Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-21...
  • Page 66 To avoid cracking of the fuel the surface temperature in the heater must not be too high. The heat transfer rate in relation to the surface area must not exceed 1.5 W/cm The required heater capacity can be estimated with the following formula: 6-22 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 67 The overflow valve should be dimensioned to secure a stable pressure over the whole operating range. Design data: Capacity Equal to circulation pump (1P06) Design pressure 1.6 MPa (16 bar) Design temperature 150°C Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 6-23...
  • Page 68 The automatic filter and the viscosimeter should be bypassed to prevent damage. The fineness of the flushing filter should be 35 μm or finer. 6-24 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 69: Lubricating Oil System

    Different oil brands may not be blended, unless it is approved by the oil suppliers. Blending of different oils must also be approved by Wärtsilä, if the engine still under warranty. An updated list of approved lubricating oils is supplied for every installation. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 70: Internal Lubricating Oil System

    Oil mist detector PT271-1 Lube oil pressure, LP TC A inlet TE7## Main bearing ## temperature PT271-2 Lube oil pressure, HP TC A inlet TE7##6A Big end bearing temperature, cyl ##A Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 71 Lube oil to generator bearing DN40 DN40 Lube oil from generator bearing DN40 DN40 Crankcase air vent DN125 DN150 Inert gas inlet DN50 DN50 Crankcase water drain to oil sump Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 72 The lubricating oil module built on the engine consists of the lubricating oil cooler, thermostatic valve and automatic filter. The centrifugal filter is used as a by-pass filter, for oil quality indication only. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 73: External Lubricating Oil System

    Lubricating oil to engine driven pump DN200 DN250 Lubricating oil from priming pump DN80 DN80 Lubricating oil from electric driven pump DN150 DN150 Crankcase air vent DN125 DN150 * Size depends on engine configuration Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 74 Lubricating oil to separator and drain DN40 DN40 Lube oil to generator bearing DN40 DN40 Lube oil from generator bearing DN40 DN40 Crankcase air vent DN125 DN150 * Size depends on engine configuration Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 75 Lubricating oil from separator and filling DN40 DN40 Lubricating oil to separator and drain DN40 DN40 Lube oil to generator bearing DN40 DN40 Lube oil from generator bearing DN40 DN40 Crankcase air vent DN125 DN125 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 76 The service throughput Q [l/h] of the separator can be estimated with the formula: where: volume flow [l/h] engine output [kW] number of through-flows of tank volume per day: 5 for HFO, 4 for MDF Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 77 Further heat can be transferred to the oil from the preheated engine, provided that the oil viscosity and thus the power consumption of the pre-lubricating oil pump does not exceed the capacity of the electric motor. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 78 The suction strainer and the suction pipe must be amply dimensioned to minimize pressure losses. The suction strainer should always be provided with alarm for high differential pressure. Design data: Fineness 0.5...1.0 mm 7-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 79: Crankcase Ventilation System

    Crankcase ventilation system The purpose of the crankcase ventilation is to evacuate gases from the crankcase in order to keep the pressure in the crankcase within acceptable limits. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 7-11...
  • Page 80 For more information about ventilation pipe (D) size, see the external lubricating oil system drawing. The max. back-pressure must also be considered when selecting the ventilation pipe size. Fig 7-6 Condensate trap (DAAE032780B) 7-12 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 81: Flushing Instructions

    Great care must be taken to drain all flushing oil from pockets and bottom of tanks so that flushing oil remaining in the system will not compromise the viscosity of the actual engine oil. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 7-13...
  • Page 82 The properties to be analyzed are Viscosity, BN, AN, Insolubles, Fe and Particle Count. Commissioning procedures shall in the meantime be continued without interruption unless the commissioning engineer believes the oil is contaminated. 7-14 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 83: Compressed Air System

    (button in the control cabinet), remote or automatic start. All engines have built-on non-return valves and flame arrestors. The engine can not be started when the turning gear is engaged. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 84 CV947 MCC, degasing valve control CV621 Charge air shut-off valve controll Pipe connections: Size Starting air inlet, 15 - 30 bar DN50 Instrument air inlet, 6 - 8 bar OD12 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 85: External Compressed Air System

    (1.8 MPa) to maximum pressure in 15...30 minutes. For exact determination of the minimum capacity, the rules of the classification societies must be followed. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 86 If the ship has a class notation for unattended machinery spaces, then the starts are to be demonstrated. The required total starting air vessel volume can be calculated using the formula: Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 87 Therefore it is recommended to install a filter before the starting air inlet on the engine to prevent particles to enter the starting air equipment. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
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  • Page 89: Cooling Water System

    Starting from 20% glycol the engine is to be de-rated 0.23 % per 1% glycol in the water. Max. 60% glycol is permitted. Corrosion inhibitors shall be used regardless of glycol in the cooling water. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 90: Internal Cooling Water System

    HT-water air vent OD12 Water from preheater to HT-circuit DN40 408/457 HT/LT-water from stand-by pump DN100 HT-water airvent from air cooler OD12 451/452 LT-water inlet/outlet DN100 LT-water air vent OD15 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 91 HT/LT-water air vent OD12 Water from preheater to HT-circuit DN40 408/457 HT/LT-water from stand-by pump DN100 HT-water airvent from air cooler OD12 451/452 LT-water inlet/outlet DN100 LT-water air vent OD15 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 92 Pipe connections: 12V - 14V HT-water inlet DN125 DN150 HT-water outlet DN125 DN150 HT-water air vent OD12 OD12 Water from preheater to HT-circuit DN40 DN40 HT-water from stand-by pump DN125 DN150 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 93 Pipe connections: 12V - 14V HT-water airvent from air cooler OD12 OD12 LT-water inlet DN125 DN150 LT-water outlet DN125 DN150 LT-water from stand-by pump DN125 DN150 LT-water air vent OD15 OD15 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 94 OD18 OD18 LT-water outlet DN125 DN150 Water from preh. to HT-circuit DN40 DN40 LT-water from stand-by pump DN125 DN150 HT-water from stand-by pump DN125 DN150 LT-water air vent OD18 OD18 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 95 Pump curves for engine driven pumps are shown in the diagrams. The nominal pressure and capacity can be found in the chapter Technical data. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 96: External Cooling Water System

    HT-water airvent from air cooler OD12 OD12 OD12 LT-water inlet DN100 D125 DN150 LT-water outlet DN100 D125 DN150 LT-water from stand-by pump DN100 D125 DN150 LT-water air vent OD15 OD15 OD15 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 97 HT-water airvent from air cooler OD12 OD12 OD12 LT-water inlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water outlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water to generator LT-water from generator LT-water air vent OD15 OD15 OD15 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 98 HT-water airvent from air cooler OD18 OD18 OD18 LT-water inlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water outlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water from stand-by pump DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water air vent OD18 OD18 OD18 9-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 99 HT-water airvent from air cooler OD18 OD18 OD18 LT-water inlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water outlet DN100 DN125 DN150 LT-water to generator LT-water from generator LT-water air vent OD18 OD18 OD18 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 9-11...
  • Page 100 ● For melting of ice and slush, to avoid clogging of the sea water strainer ● To enhance the temperature control of the LT water, by increasing the seawater temperature 9-12 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 101 [m³/h] nominal LT pump capacity[m³/h] LT = Φ = heat dissipated to HT water [kW] Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 9-13...
  • Page 102 The flow through the pipe depends on the number of vent pipes to the tank and the size of the orifices in the vent pipes. The table below can be used for guidance. 9-14 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 103 ] (wet sump engines only) HT water volume [m Preheating time [h] Number of cylinders cyl = 9.3.10.2 Circulation pump for preheater (4P04) Design data: Delivery pressure 80...100 kPa (0.8...1.0 bar) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 9-15...
  • Page 104 Local thermometers should be installed wherever there is a temperature change, i.e. before and after heat exchangers etc. Local pressure gauges should be installed on the suction and discharge side of each pump. 9-16 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 105: Exhaust Gas System

    Charge air by-pass valve position GT519 Exhaust wastegate valve position CV656 Air wastegate control TE537 Exhaust gas temperature, engine outlet GT656 Air wastegate position TE600 Air temperature, TC inlet Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-1...
  • Page 106 Condensate water from air OD12 cooler 509LP/HP Cleaning water to compressor OD12 614LP OD15 Scavenging air outlet to TC cleaning valve unit Air inlet to turbocharger DN450 614HP OD18 10-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 107 High pressure, TC B speed CV631 Charge air shut-off valve control CV519 Exhaust wastegate control GS631 Charge air shut-off valve position, B-bank GT519 Exhaust wastegate valve position CV643 Charge air by-pass valve control Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-3...

  • Page 108: Exhaust Gas Outlet

    Engine TC type Free end Driving end W 8V31 ABB POWER2 850- 0º, 45º, 90º 0º, 45º, 90º W 10V31 Fig 10-3 Exhaust pipe connections, W8V31 & W10V31 (DAAF343596) 10-4 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 109 Exhaust pipe connections, W12V - W16V31 (DAAF343596) Engine TC type ØA [mm] ØB [mm] 8V31 DN550 ABB POWER2 850-M 10V31 DN550 Fig 10-5 Exh aust pipe, diameters and support (DAAF351047) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-5...

  • Page 110: External Exhaust Gas System

    The piping should be as short and straight as possible. Pipe bends and expansions should be smooth to minimise the backpressure. The diameter of the exhaust pipe should be increased 10-6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 111 After the first fixing point resilient mounts are recommended. The mounting supports should be positioned at stiffened locations within the ship’s structure, e.g. deck levels, frame webs or specially constructed supports. The supporting must allow thermal expansion and ship’s structural deflections. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-7...
  • Page 112 Alternatively, a common boiler with separate gas sections for each engine is acceptable. For dimensioning the boiler, the exhaust gas quantities and temperatures given in chapter Technical data may be used. 10-8 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 113 Exhaust noise, source power corrections The conventional silencer is able to reduce the sound level in a certain area of the frequency spectrum. CSS is designed to cover the whole frequency spectrum. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-9...
  • Page 114 The noise attenuation is valid up to a exhaust gas flow velocity of max 40 m/s. The pressure drop of a CSS element is lower compared to a conventional exhaust gas silencer (5R02). 10-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 115 The noise attenuation of the standard silencer is either 25 or 35 dB(A). This attenuation is valid up to a flow velocity of max. 40 m/s. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 10-11...
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  • Page 117: Turbocharger Cleaning

    Wärtsilä control unit for 4 engines 509## Cleaning water to compressor Flow meter/control (7,5 - 40 l/min) 614## Scavenging air outlet to TC cleaning valve unit Flow adjustment valve, built in Air filter Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 11-1...

  • Page 118: Compressor Cleaning System

    Water inlet flow rate (l/min) Water consumption/wash (l) LP-compressor LP-turbine HP-compressor HP-turbine 11.2 Compressor cleaning system The compressor side of the turbocharger is cleaned with the same equipment as the turbine. 11-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 119: Exhaust Emissions

    The lighter and more volatile hydrocarbons will not be visible nor will the particulates emitted from a well maintained and operated diesel engine. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 12-1...

  • Page 120: Marine Exhaust Emissions Legislation

    Weighting 0.05 0.25 factor E2: Constant-speed Speed (%) main propulsion applica- Power (%) tion including diesel- electric drive and all Weighting 0.15 0.15 controllable-pitch pro- factor peller installations 12-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 121 Tier 3 designated areas. The NO emissions limits in the IMO standards are expressed as dependent on engine speed. These are shown in the following figure. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 12-3...
  • Page 122 SCR installation complies with the maximum permissible NOx emission according to the IMO Tier 3 NOx emission standard and the Tier 3 EIAPP certificate will be delivered for the complete installation. 12-4 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 123 The exhaust gas system can be applied to reduce the total emissions of sulphur oxides from ships, including both auxiliary and main propulsion engines, calculated as the total weight of sulphur dioxide emissions. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 12-5...

  • Page 124: Methods To Reduce Exhaust Emissions

    The secondary methods reduce emission components after formation as they pass through the exhaust gas system. Refer to the "Wärtsilä Environmental Product Guide" for information about exhaust gas emission control systems. 12-6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 125: Automation System

    The local display unit shows all engine measurements (e.g. temperatures and pressures) and provides various engine status indications as well as an event history The following control functions are available: - Local/remote control selection Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 13-1...

  • Page 126: Power Unit

    A power unit is delivered with each engine. The power unit supplies DC power to the automation system on the engine and provides isolation from other power supply systems onboard. The cabinet is designed for bulkhead mounting, protection degree IP44, max. ambient temperature 50°C. 13-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 127 (power supply) * 2 x 4 mm (power supply) * 2 x 4 mm (power supply) * Power unit => Communication interface unit 2 x 2.5 mm (power supply) * Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 13-3...
  • Page 128 Cable types and grouping of signals in different cables will differ depending on installation. * Dimension of the power supply cables depends on the cable length. Power supply requirements are specified in section Power unit. Fig 13-3 Signal overview (Main engine) 13-4 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 129: Functions

    ● Turning gear engaged ● Pre-lubricating pressure low ● Blocked by operator from the local operator panel ● Stop or shutdown active ● External start blockings active ● Engine running Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 13-5...

  • Page 130: Speed Control

    The speed droop is normally 4%, which means that the difference in frequency between zero load and maximum load is 4%. 13-6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 131: Alarm And Monitoring Signals

    Stand-by pump, lubricating oil (if applicable) (2P04) The engine control system starts the pump automatically via a motor starter, if the lubricating oil pressure drops below a preset level when the engine is running. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 13-7...
  • Page 132 The preheater pump shall start when the engine stops (to ensure water circulation through the hot engine) and stop when the engine starts. The engine control system handles start/stop of the pump automatically. 13-8 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 133: System Requirements And Guidelines For Diesel-Electric Propulsion

    To safely handle tripping of a breaker more direct action can be required, depending on the operating condition and the load step on the engine(s). Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 13-9...
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  • Page 135: Foundation

    The wedges are then to be secured in position with welds. An acceptable contact surface must be obtained on the wedges of the supports. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 14-1...
  • Page 136 The chock height is adjustable between 45 mm and 65 mm for the approved type of chock. There must be a chock of adequate size at the position of each holding down bolt. 14-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 137 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 14. Foundation Fig 14-1 Main engine seating and fastening, steel chocks (DAAF343802) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 14-3...
  • Page 138 14. Foundation Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 14-4 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 139 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 14. Foundation Fig 14-2 Main engine seating and fastening, resin chocks (DAAF346146) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 14-5...
  • Page 140 14. Foundation Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 14-6 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 141 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 14. Foundation Fig 14-3 Main engine seating and fastening, Adjustable chocks (DAAF346157) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 14-7...

  • Page 142: Mounting Of Generating Sets

    The transmission of forces emitted by the engine is 10-20% when using resilient mounting. For resiliently mounted engines a speed range of 500-750 rpm is generally available. Fig 14-4 Principle of resilient mounting (DAAF337708) 14.3 Mounting of generating sets 14-8 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 143 2.0 mm. If necessary, chocks or shims should be used to compensate for local tolerances. Only one shim is permitted under each mount. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 14-9...

  • Page 144: Flexible Pipe Connections

    14-10 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 145: Vibration And Noise

    Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 15. Vibration and Noise Vibration and Noise Wärtsilä 31 generating sets comply with vibration levels according to ISO 8528-9. Main engines comply with vibration levels according to ISO 10816-6 Class 5. 15.1 External forces and couples Some cylinder configurations produce external forces and couples.

  • Page 146: Torque Variations

    The airborne noise of an engine is measured as sound power level based on ISO 9614-2. The results represent typical engine A-weighted sound power levels at engine full load and nominal speed. 15-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 147: Exhaust Noise

    The results represent typical exhaust gas free field linear sound power levels at engine full load and nominal speed. Exhaust Gas Sound Power Level in Octave Frequency Band [dB, ref. 1pW] [Hz] 1000 2000 4000 Total Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 15-3...
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  • Page 149: Power Transmission

    The type of flexible coupling to be used has to be decided separately in each case on the basis of the torsional vibration calculations. In case of two bearing type generator installations a flexible coupling between the engine and the generator is required. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 16-1...
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  • Page 151: Engine Room Layout

    On single main engine installations it is important to store heavy engine parts close to the engine to make overhaul as quick as possible in an emergency situation. Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 17-1...

  • Page 152: Required Deck Area For Service Work

    Service area should be plain steel deck dimensioned to carry the weight of engine parts. 17-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 153 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 17. Engine Room Layout 17.3.1 Service space requirement 17.3.1.1 Service space requirement Fig 17-1 Service space requirement (DAAF063858) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 17-3...
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  • Page 155: Transport Dimensions And Weights

    2235 7126 6280 2416 3048 1496 TC in FE W 8V31 1920 2235 7126 6280 2416 3048 1496 W 10V31 1920 1406 1206 2235 7126 6280 2416 3048 1496 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 18-1...

  • Page 156: Lifting Of Generating Sets

    18. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 18.2 Lifting of generating sets Fig 18-2 Lifting of generating sets (DAAF341224) 18-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...

  • Page 157: Engine Components

    1170 W 10V31 1170 Fig 18-5 Charge air cooler (LP) Dimensions Weight [mm] Engine [kg] W 8V31 1568 1969 1198 W 10V31 1568 1969 1198 Fig 18-6 Turbocharger (LP) Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 18-3...
  • Page 158 18. Transport Dimensions and Weights Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide Dimensions Weight [mm] Engine [kg] W 8V31 1610 W 10V31 1610 Fig 18-7 Turbocharger (HP) 18-4 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 159 94.7 Cylinder head Small intermediate gear 21.6 Inlet valve Large intermediate gear 60.6 Exhaust valve Camshaft drive gear 61.8 HP fuel pump Piston ring set Injection valve Piston ring Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 18-5...
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  • Page 161: Product Guide Attachments

    This and other product guides can be accessed on the internet, from the Business Online Portal at www.wartsila.com. Product guides are available both in web and PDF format. Drawings are available in PDF and DXF format, and in near future also as 3D models. Consult your sales contact at Wärtsilä...
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  • Page 163: Annex

    0.0624 20.1.1 Prefix Table 20-1 The most common prefix multipliers Name Symbol Factor Name Symbol Factor Name Symbol Factor tera kilo nano giga milli mega micro μ Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016 20-1...

  • Page 164: Collection Of Drawing Symbols Used In Drawings

    20. ANNEX Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide 20.2 Collection of drawing symbols used in drawings Fig 20-1 List of symbols (DAAE000806c) 20-2 Wärtsilä 31 Product Guide - a1 - 18 October 2016...
  • Page 168 Wärtsilä is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation and total e ciency, Wärtsilä maximises the environmental and economic performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers. www.wartsila.com...

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