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26
Fig.
3-41
Cylinder head
Q)
Combustion chamber
Fig.
3 -42
Squish area
(!)
Valve
1
?.
Combustion
chamber
(3)
Squish area
-
·®
@
,
·@
,
p
,
-
@
'p
,
'
Combustion
Chamber
The
combustion
chamber of P-50 is
heart
shaped.
this
allows the cyl inder
head
to
be
made
more
compact
in
comparison w
ith the
spher
ica
l
combust ion chamber.
and is possible
to obtain
a higher
compression ratio.
In
addition.
its
ccnstructed affords
better
cooling
as
we
ll
as
combust io:1 efficiency.
(
Fig. 3
41
)
Squish area
This
is
an area provided betweun
the
piston and
the cylinder head to
further compress
part
of
the
fue
l
air mixture
at
the end of
the
combustion
stroke
to
c
r eat a
turbul ence
within the
main
fuel m
ixture.
As
the
swirling
fuel
m ix
tur
e is
diver
t
ed
toward
the
spark
plug
the
flame propagation is
accelerated.
allowing
t
he
the
leaner
than
normal
fuel-air ratio or the
slowe
r burnmg
fuel mixtur
e
to
burn
smootl1
ly,
and
decreasing
the
ten-
dency
for
knocking.
(
Fig.
3
-
42)
Connecting Rod.
The
connecting
rod plays
the
important
role of
conve
rting
the
r
eciproca
t
ing
motion
of
the
piston
caused
by the
combustion
of
air
-fuel
m ixtur
e
to the rot
ary
mo
tion
of t
he
c
rankshaft
.
It
also transmits
the iner
t
ia
from the
cr ankshaft
to
tile
piston
so
that the
intake.
compession.
combust ion
and exhaust stro
kes
can
be
per
forme
d.
T
he
m
aterial
of construction must
be
light
and
r
ig id:
therefore,
''I"
shaped
nickel
chrome
s
t
eel
is used
in
most
cases.
The
piston end
is
callt:!d the
small
end and
is
conn·
ec
l ed
by
a
pis
ton
pin
and
locked
wi
th
snap
rings
to
preven
t
the
piston pin from moving in the
axial
direct ion.
The
cranksha
f
t end
is called
the
large end.
The large
e
1
1d
is
fitted
with
the
needle r
oller
bearing
tn
r
P.ciuce
friction
and
is
assembl
ed on
the crankshaft with
the
crank pin.
An oil
splasher
in
shape of
a
scoop is
at
tached
to
the large
end
to
splash
lubr icat
e the
crankshaf
t
,
cy linder and
pis
ton.
(
Fig. 3
43)
Fig.
3 -43
Operation of connecting
rod
(l
Cylinder
l
£
)
Snap ring
(~;
Piston pin
~ ~;
Piston
,5)
Connecting
rod
(6'
Roller
retainer
(J;
Crank pin
(§1
Timing
sprocket
~~·
Crankshaft
•10•
Oil
splasher
[1;
Crankshaft
(
R
.
L
)
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