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Table of Contents
Related Manuals for MAC PARA Chronos
Summary of Contents for MAC PARA Chronos
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
GOLDEN RULES ...................... 30 CARE AND MAINTENANCE ..................31 RESPECT NATURE ....................34 CHRONOS LINE PLAN .................... 34 LINE PLAN CHRONOS – SCHEME ................. 35 GUIDELINES FOR PARAMOTORING GLIDER CHECKS ........36 TEST FLIGHT CERTIFICATE................... 39 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ................. 39... -
Page 3: General
The purpose of this manual is to offer you information about the unique design features of the Chronos for maximum enjoyment. This Manual is in no way intended to be used as a training manual. Paragliding and paramotoring are sports which demand high degrees of attentiveness, good judgement, and theoretical knowledge. -
Page 4: Pilot Level Requirements
Never fly in such conditions. Certification The Chronos is light sport aircraft with an empty weight of less than 120 kg in the category paraglider. Even though it is possible to use the Chronos for free flying, please note it is not EN certified. -
Page 5: Design
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Construction of the canopy: The canopy of the CHRONOS has a wingspan with 58 cells. The wingtips are slightly pulled down to act as a stabilizer. The Chronos is a second rib diagonal-construction paramotoring glider. Every main rib is attached to 4 or 5 suspension lines. Between these main suspension ribs, intermediate ribs are suspended by diagonal segments. - Page 6 This is where the main carabineer should be hooked in connecting the risers to the harness. The lines of the Chronos are made of strong and stretch resistant HMA Aramid/Kevlar (yellow core) lines and PES/Dynema (white core) for brake lines. The entire rigging system comprises of individual suspension lines looped and stitched at each end.
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Page 7: Risers
RISERS The Chronos is equipped with 5 risers per side (A, A1,B, C, D). The two central A-lines per side are attached to the main A-risers (red in colour) while the outermost A main lines and the stabilizer lines are attached to A1 risers. The 3 B-main lines are attached to the B-riser. - Page 8 Speed system: The Chronos is equipped with a speed bar operated speed-system which returns automatically to the normal position when released. The speed system affects the A,...
- Page 9 Setting up the Controls. Trimmers: The Chronos has a wide in flight speed range due to the range of different trimmer settings. The trimmers have a deceleration range of 3.5cm and 7cm of acceleration. On the faster setting (trimmers fully open and extended) the Chronos’s speed increases.
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Page 10: Trimming
TRIMMING... -
Page 11: Materials
MATERIALS Tissue (PORCHER SPORT, Rue du Ruisseau B.P. 710,38290 ST. QUENTIN FALLAVIER, FRANCE) Top Sail - Leading Edge - SKYTEX 45 E85A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 45 g/m Top Sail - Trailing Edge - SKYTEX 40 E38A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 40 g/m Bottom Sail - SKYTEX 40 E38A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 40 g/m Main ribs, Diagonals - SKYTEX 40 E29A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 40 g/m Ribs - SKYTEX 40 E38A - 100% nylon 6.6 , 33 Dtex, 40 g/m... -
Page 12: Technical Specifications
Additionally, we recommend that you check your new glider in accordance with the following points below. The Chronos is a form of aircraft and should be treated as such. We also recommend that you make these checks after flying extreme manoeuvres, tree landings or similar events. -
Page 13: Setting Up The Controls
With a brake line adjusted too short the canopy will lose its easy take off behaviour. Before flying the Chronos please check the setting of the brake lines and adjust them in accordance to your hang points. On the risers diagram you can see there are two brake line pulleys on each riser, higher and lower. -
Page 14: Flying The Chronos
The following information is NOT under any circumstances a manual for practising paramotoring. We would like to advise you of important information to increase safer flights and security while flying the Chronos. Paraglider Preparation After unpacking and laying out the paramotoring glider in a slight horseshoe pattern, the... - Page 15 FLYING THE CHRONOS Before putting on the harness: Warm up your engine and stop the engine before clipping in the risers. Rescue/reserve handle and deployment pins secure? Buckles (leg- , front riser) closed? Main carabineers attached and properly closed? Before take-off: ...
- Page 16 ATTENTION! Do not take off if you find any damage on your equipment! Forward Launch Technique The Chronos is very easy to launch. With a very weak or zero wind it requires an appropriate launch technique. Before take-off, recheck the canopy, trimmer setting, wind direction and the air space around you.
- Page 17 We recommend pulling the trimmers down 2-3 cm from the neutral position. To reverse launch the Chronos in wind, get the canopy over your head by using the A and D riser method. Holding onto the D lines stop it from over shooting and guiding the A lines in the opposite hand help it come up.
- Page 18 You also can compensate torque moments by adjusting cross bracing if present on your harness or by adjusting Chronos torque compensator line on the opposite riser of the torque turn. Different settings of trims on each riser and shifting your weight to the opposite side of the turn tendency will help to keep the glider in a straight direction after take-off.
- Page 19 Always fly with sufficient clearance from the terrain. With power off the Chronos best glide rate is with open brakes. Flying the Chronos with minimal altitude loss can be reached by lightly applying brakes and having the trimmers closed (pulled all the way in).
- Page 20 When you have become fully confident in your wing try experimenting with slower and faster trim-settings, weight-shift and speed bar. The more time you spend on your Chronos the more likely you will enjoy the extra speed and security it will offer you. Different trimmer settings NOTE: Adjusting trimmers in flight requires more pilot attention.
- Page 21 Steering - turns: The Chronos is a very responsive paramotoring glider and reacts directly and instantly to any steering input. Weight shift input quickens turns and ensures minimal height loss. Attention! In the event that you lose your brakes lines, it is possible to control the Chronos with the D-risers to steer and land the canopy.
- Page 22 FLYING THE CHRONOS Released trimmers with brakes applied The Chronos uses a unique Flap Brake system in the centre of the wing on the trailing edge for improved take-offs and landings. This ensures more lift in the centre of the wing and also increases the pitching moments.
- Page 23 The Chronos is very easy to land thanks to the new Mac Flap Braking System. The final leg of the landing approach must be into the wind. There are two methods in landing a paramotor.
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Page 24: Towing, Jumps From Aircraft, Aerobatics
Asymmetric collapse A negative angle of attack can cause all or part of the leading-edge of the Chronos to collapse (e.g. in very turbulent air). The Chronos will re-open spontaneously from closures of up to 50%. - Page 25 EXTREME FLYING MANOEUVRES If you react immediately with 30% brake on, the open side should hold the canopy on a straight course. In the event of a big collapse, this braking should be applied very carefully to avoid stalling the remaining inflated wing. The pilot's correction for maintaining direction can be aided by pumping out the deflation;...
- Page 26 EXTREME FLYING MANOEUVRES When releasing the brakes the Chronos will spontaneously recover from a parachutal stall within 2-3 seconds. If the canopy remains in a parachutal stall, it is sufficient to release trims or to push the accelerator. Attention! If brakes are applied while in a parachutal stall, the glider may suddenly...
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Page 27: Rapid Descent Techniques
Attention! The Chronos is not designed to be used for aerobatics. Alternative (emergency) steering: If for some reason it becomes impossible to control the Chronos with the brake lines, the D-risers may be used to steer and land the canopy safely. - Page 28 RAPID DESCENT TECHNIQUES WARNING!! Nearly all gliders will have a tendency to stay in the spiral if the sink-rate exceeds approximately 15-m/s depending on weight-shifting, wing loading and G-force. In fact most gliders need a counter-input to end a turn. Attention! Due to energy retention, the glider will climb a lot after a deep spiral-dive release.
- Page 29 RAPID DESCENT TECHNIQUES B-line stalls: As there is a lot of load on the “B’s” we do not recommend using B-Stall as a descent technique under power. Performing B-Line stalls on any glider weakens the fabric by putting unnecessary strain on the lines. It could deform the quality of airfoils and weaken To induce a B-line stall without power, symmetrically pull down slowly on both B-risers, until the canopy folds (parallel to its long axis).
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Page 30: Golden Rules
GOLDEN RULES Always carry out full pre-flight checks before launching. Never place your paramotor downwind of the glider. Check that there is no fuel leakage. Do you have enough fuel for the flight? It is always better to have too much than too little in case of an emergency landing. ... -
Page 31: Care And Maintenance
CARE AND MAINTENANCE Looking after your canopy correctly will prolong the life of your paramotoring glider and enjoyment. Deterioration: a few tips! The canopy is mainly made of NYLON cloth which like any synthetic material, deteriorates through excessive exposure to UV. Hence, it is recommended that you reduce UV exposure to a minimum by keeping the paramotoring glider packed away when not in use. - Page 32 Any changes to the canopy lines or risers, except those approved by the manufacturer, will void the certificate of airworthiness and warranty. The Chronos must be checked, after two years or after 100 flying hours by the manufacturer or authorized workshops. Disposal: ...
- Page 33 MAC PARA approved facility. Consult your closest MAC PARA dealer or MAC PARA directly with the type of line you may need. Identifying which line you require to replace the broken line can be found by laying out your glider outside, looking at where the damage line is and referencing the line plan guide near the end of this manual.
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Page 34: Respect Nature
Follow the rules and the laws in the country you fly in. Extra care must be taken when flying near livestock and animals. CHRONOS LINE PLAN Line descriptions: The following printed line plans show the line configurations and line lengths. -
Page 35: Line Plan Chronos - Scheme
LINE PLAN CHRONOS – SCHEME... -
Page 36: Guidelines For Paramotoring Glider Checks
CHRONOS RISER LENGTHS The lengths are measured from main attachment point to the lower edge of rapid links. Riser lengths - Chronos Trims in neutral position Trims closed ( slower ) Trims open ( faster ) Accelerated + trims in neutral Accelerated + trims open * Read more on the page 21. - Page 37 GUIDELINES FOR PARAMOTORING GLIDER CHECKS Porosity measures should be taken on at least three points of both the top and bottom surface. The first point should be placed 20-30 cm from leading edge in the middle of canopy. Second and third points are placed left and right from first measure point at 25% of the span.
- Page 38 GUIDELINES FOR PARAMOTORING GLIDER CHECKS Canopy fabric check Ribs, diagonal ribs, top and bottom surface should be checked. Any damage to sewing or tears to the fabric could influence flying characteristics and must be repaired. Lines All lines should be checked for tears, breaks, and any damage to the sheath or signs of wear.
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Page 39: Test Flight Certificate
TEST FLIGHT CERTIFICATE Chronos – Paramotoring glider type: – Serial number: ..Test flown on: _________________________________ MAC PARA TECHNOLOGY Confirmation by dealer: _________________________________ TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Category Intermediate MPG Chronos Chronos Chronos Chronos Size...