B) Time-Out Circuit; C) Status Indicators - NewMar PT-24-45W Bb8Db2Cc8C9B8A4Bb2Bbe763F

The regimen proceeds as follows:
1) Bulk Charge - Status Indicator: Glowing Yellow. When batteries
are significantly discharged the charger responds initially by
delivering a high amount of D.C. current, at or near the charger's
maximum rated output, in order to rapidly replenish them. It is
during this stage that charging current is maintained at a high
level as battery voltage increases. Bulk charging continues until
battery voltage reaches the "charge" voltage level (where batteries
are at about 75-80% of capacity). A power limit circuit prevents
charger overload during this maximum output stage. Note:
During this bulk phase the charger is in a "constant power" mode;
therefore, as output current increases, output voltage decreases,
and vice versa. Full output voltage is achieved and maintained
only when the charger switches to the absorption stage.
2) Absorption Charge - Status Indicator: Glowing Green. During this
second stage of the charge cycle, battery voltage is maintained
at the "charge" voltage level. Output current begins to taper off as
the battery plates become saturated. Charge voltage is maintained
until the current sensing circuit detects that output current has
tapered to about 5-15 % of charger rating*. At this point the
batteries are at about 95 % of full charge and the charger switches
to the third and final stage of the charge cycle.
* Note: The absorption phase may also be ended by the time-out
circuit. See section B following for an explanation of the purpose
and functioning of the time-out circuit.
3) Float Charge - Status Indicator: Blinking Green. For extended
battery life the Phase Three then automatically switches to a
lower float voltage level. This float charge keeps batteries at peak
condition without overcharging. The charger may be left in this
stage for lengthy periods of time without attention (though periodic
checks of electrolyte level in flooded batteries is recommended). It
is not necessary or recommended to shut the charger off when this
stage is reached.
A typical three stage charging cycle is illustrated in FIGURE 6.
FIGURE 6: Typical Charger Output Graph (into battery
without load)
BULK PHASE
TIME
* Approximately 10 hours maximum at factory setting.
Note: If a load is applied during the absorption phase, the charger
may revert to the bulk phase depending on the total current draw.
When the charger switches to the float phase, it will remain in that
phase regardless of current draw. The charger is still able to deliver
P.O. Box 1306, Newport Beach, California 92663 • Phone: 714-751-0488 • Fax: 714-957-1621 • E-Mail: techservice@newmarpower.com
ABSORPTION PHASE FLOAT PHASE
VOLTS
full output current when in the float phase. To re-initialize the three
stage process shut the charger off momentarily, then back on
again.

B) Time-Out Circuit

Batteries have a tendency to lose their electrolyte and may be
damaged if they are maintained for long periods of time in the
elevated voltage of the absorption phase. Therefore, the Phase
Three Charger employs a special high charge rate time-out circuit.
This circuit is initialized each time A.C. is first applied to the charger
and runs for a pre-set interval of approximately 10 hours before
forcing the charger to go into the float (lower voltage) mode.
If the current demand of the batteries/load falls below 5-15 percent
of the charger's output capacity prior to the circuit timing-out, the
charger will switch to the float mode and will remain in that mode
until the charger is shut off and restarted, although it will continue
to respond to any current demand within charger rating.
If current demand continues to remain above the 5-15 percent-
of-capacity threshold, the charger will remain in the bulk or
absorption phase (depending on total current draw) until it is
forced into the float mode by the time-out circuit.

C) Status Indicators

1) Power L.E.D – Indicates charger is receiving AC input power and
the charger's control circuitry is energized.
2) L.E.D Bar Graph Output Amperage Indicator – This provides an
indication of total current output of the system. Each L.E.D segment
is equivalent to approximately 10% of charger maximum output
current
3) Charger Status LED - The Phase Three Charger is equipped
with charger status L.E.D. which signals each of the three normal
operational stages and which also, in combination with an audible
tone indicator, provides warning and diagnostics of abnormal
conditions which result in charger shutdown (SHUTDOWN MODE).
Note: If the Status Indicator L.E.D. is not lit, this probably indicates
loss of A.C. power (check A.C. input).
NORMAL MODE
The three indications in the Operating Mode are as follows:
Glowing Yellow, Glowing Green and Blinking Green. These
correspond respectively with the Bulk, Absorption and Float
charger stages, which are fully described in the previous section,
A) Three Stage Charge Regimen.
SHUTDOWN MODE/SELF-RESET ADVISORY MODE
There are four warning/diagnostic indications to alert the user to
a condition in which the charger is currently shut down. In each
case, a flashing red L.E.D. is accompanied by an audible "beep".
Additionally, there are two diagnostic indications to advise that
the charger shut itself down but has since resumed operation. The
warning/diagnostic indications are as follows:
Note: A Quick Reference Label is provided; place it on or near the
charger for easy reference.
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