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Figure 21: Smoke control using fans and dampers
Exhaust to outside
Supply from outside
Fan
Depressurization of the smoke zone is accomplished by
closing the supply damper (S1), verifying the exhaust
damper (R1) is open, and turning on the return air fan.
Pressurization of the adjacent area is accomplished by
closing the exhaust damper (R2) and opening the supply
damper (S2) while starting the supply fan.
The steps in controlling and monitoring the Figure 21
smoke control system example upon fire detection are
found in Table 2 below.
Table 2: Smoke control sequencing for Figure 21
Control action
Monitor-LED indication
AUTO OFF
Overrides normal HVAC controls
Open Damper R1
Only when Damper R1 is OPEN
Close Damper S1
Only when Damper S1 is CLOSED
Start Return Fan
Return Fan ON
Close Damper R2
Only when Damper R2 is CLOSED
Open Damper S2
Only when Damper S2 is OPEN
Start Supply Fan
Supply Fan ON
VM-1 Smoke Management Application Guide
Fan
R1
Dampers
Smoke zone
Chapter 1: Fire geometry and smoke movement in buildings
R2
S1
Adjacent smoke
control zone
The Control Sequencing in Table 1 will be discussed in
detail as it applies to a VM-1 smoke control system in
Chapters 2 and 3.
Additional reading
"Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems," William A.
Schmidt, NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, eighteenth
edition.
Design of Smoke Management Systems, John H. Klote
and James A. Milke.
"Emergency Movement," Harold E. Nelson and H.E.
MacLennan, The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection
Engineering, second edition.
Fire Alarm Signaling Systems, Richard W. Bukowski and
Robert J. O'Laughlin.
"Movement of People," Jake Pauls, The SFPE
Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, second
edition.
ASME/ANS A17.1 Safety Code for Elevators and
Escalators
NFPA 92A, Recommended Practice for Smoke-Control
Systems.
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