Videonics MX-1 Instruction Manual page 87

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SUPERIMPOSE
To place in front of video, e.g., placing text over a
video signal.
S-VHS (Super-VHS)
High resolution version of the VHS videotape for-
mat.
S-VIDEO
Abbreviation for Super-Video, this term describes
a video system which transmits the chrominance
(color) and luminance (black and white) informa-
tion over separate conductors to minimize color
fringing, dot crawl, and other artifacts of color and
black and white interaction.
SWITCHER
General term for a device used to select different
signals (audio, video or RF) from various sources.
Typically, a switcher's output is then routed to a
monitor or recorder.
SYNC (Synchronization)
A term used in electronics to describe the precise
alignment of two signals or functions. Sync is an
essential element of video signals. The sync rides
in an invisible portion of the video signal. It con-
tains pulses that mark the start of each line, field,
and frame.
A frame synchronizer matches two video signals
so they are in sync. A TBC matches signals and
also matches them to an electronic reference, to
improve video quality.
TALENT
A term used to refer to on-camera subjects in a
video production.
TBC (Time Base Corrector)
A device used to rectify any problems with a video
signal's sync pulses by generating a new clean
time base and synchronizing any other incoming
video to this reference. The Digital Video Mixer
includes a TBC.
TIME CODE
A digital code number recorded onto a videotape
for editing purposes. When decoded, the time
code identifies every frame of a videotape in
hours:minutes:seconds and frames. Two common
time code systems used for video are SMPTE-
VITC and RC (consumer).
TITLING
The addition of text to a video image. Titles may
be added to a video scene during shooting or in
post-production. Sophisticated titling devices, such
as the Video TitleMaker, allow the user to prepare
text and graphics in various sizes, fonts and col-
ors to be triggered later, one-by-one, at appropri-
ate places within a production.
VITC (Vertical Interval Time Code)
VITC is the most popular method for recording
and reading time code onto videotape. The time
code is inserted into the vertical interval (the verti-
cal blanking retrace period) of the video signal,
where it is invisible on-screen yet easily retrieved,
even when a helical scanning VCR is in pause
VIDEONICS DIGITAL VIDEO MIXER
mode. The Thumbs Up editor supports VITC and
RC time codes while the Video EditMaker sup-
ports a Videonics proprietary VITC and standard
RC time codes.
VHS (Video Home System)
Consumer video record/playback format using 1/
2" width magnetic tape.
VHS-C
A standard VHS system utilizing a compact cas-
sette shell, reducing recording time while allowing
the tapes to be played by standard VHS equip-
ment via an adapter cartridge.
VIDEO BANDWIDTH
The range between the lowest and highest signal
frequency of a given video signal. In general, the
higher the video bandwidth, the better the quality
of the picture.
VIDEO EDITING
A procedure for combining selected portions of
video footage in order to create a new, combined
version. A variety of editing consoles are avail-
able. During video editing, special effects such as
wipes, dissolves, inserts, etc. can be added. Pro-
fessional editing is done using time code recorded
on every frame of the magnetic tape allowing
single frame accuracy. Audio editing is often car-
ried out simultaneously with video editing. The
Thumbs Up and Video EditMaker offer versatile
solutions for any editing application.
VIDEO MIXER
A device used to combine video signals from two
or more sources. Inputs are synchronized, then
mixed along with various special effects patterns
and shapes. The Digital Video Mixer is capable of
handling up to 4 video inputs and includes a TBC.
WIPE
A process in which one image is electronically
"wiped" off the screen and replaced by another.
Special effects generators provide numerous wipe
patterns varying from simple horizontal and verti-
cal wipes to multi-shaped, multi-colored arrange-
ments. The Digital Video Mixer includes this ef-
fect.
Y/C
The separation of video into separate luminance
(Y) and chrominance (C) signals. Also called S-
video. All Videonics video products support the
(Y/C) format.