Chapter 22 • Glossary - Videonics MX-1 Instruction Manual

VIDEONICS DIGITAL VIDEO MIXER
Chapter
22 • 22 • Glossary
A/A (OR A/X/A) ROLL EDITING
Editing from a single source, using effects to tran-
sition from the source to itself (source "A" to "A")
using a picture freeze at the end of one scene to
transition the start of the next scene.
A/B ROLL EDITING
Editing from two source VCRs ("A" and "B") to a
third record VCR. Typically, a mixer, such as the
Digital Video Mixer, is used to provide transition
effects when moving between sources. Control
over the machines and process can be done manu-
ally or automatically using an edit controller.
AUDIO
The "other half" of any video production — the
"soundtrack" of a videotape. Audio can consist of
native sound (the sound recorded on the original
tapes) or added sound, such as background mu-
sic and narration.
AUDIO-FOLLOWS-VIDEO
During video recording, the video signal is usually
accompanied by an audio signal. Sometimes, dur-
ing video editing, when images from several cam-
eras or VCRs are switched, the audio signal is
separated from the video signal. Audio-follows-
video mixers process both audio and video, and
may be set so that the accompanying audio will
"follow" the video when switched from one video
source to another. If desired, the audio may be
selected from a different source than the current
video source. The Digital Video Mixer allows ei-
ther audio-follows-video or separate audio selec-
tion functions.
AUDIO MIXING
The blending of two or more audio signals to
generate a combined signal. During video editing,
audio mixing may be used to insert a voice-over
or background music.
BLACK BURST
A composite color video signal comprised of sync
and color burst signals and black video. Black
burst generators are used in video studios to "lock"
the entire facility to a common signal (house sync).
BNC CONNECTOR
A type of connector with cable locking capability,
used on some VCRs, video and RF equipment.
The BNC connector is suitable for use where high
frequency, high reliability signals are involved.
BORDER
The boundary between two merged video pic-
tures, as created with chroma key or wipe effects.
Bordering is a special effect which is sometimes
used to alter the border from a sharply defined
line to a soft blend of the two images or to a
colored line. The width and texture of the border
can often be changed.
CAMCORDER
Combination of camera and video tape recorder
in one device.
CHARACTER GENERATOR
Device used to superimpose text onto a video
signal. The Video TitleMaker is an example of a
full-featured character generator.
CHROMA
The color information contained in a video signal,
consisting of hue (phase angle) and saturation
(amplitude) of the color subcarrier.
CHROMA KEY
The process of overlaying one video signal over
another by replacing a range of colors with the
second signal. Typically, the first (foreground) pic-
ture is photographed with a person or object
against a special, single-color background (the
key-color). The second picture is inserted in place
of the key-color. The most common example is in
broadcast weather segments where pictures of
the weather map are inserted "behind" the weather
person. The Digital Video Mixer includes chroma
key.
COLOR BARS
An electronically generated video pattern consist-
ing of specific colors, used to establish a proper
color reference before recording and playback
and for adjustment purposes.
COLOR PROCESSING
A way to alter a video signal to affect the colors.
The Video Equalizer includes a color processor
capable of color correction.
COMPOSE
A feature which allows still images and colored
rectangles, borders, and lines to be combined
with a solid color or moving video background to
make an on-screen composition.
COMPOSITE VIDEO
A video signal in which the luminance (black and
white), chrominance (color), blanking pulses, sync
pulses and color burst information has been com-
bined. NTSC, PAL, and SECAM are composite
video standards. RCA-style jacks are often used
for composite video signals.
CONTRAST
The range of light and dark values in a picture or
the ratio between the maximum and minimum
brightness values. When contrast is high, the pic-
ture contains stark blacks and whites. When low,
the picture shows more variations of gray tones.
CONTROL-L (LANC)
A form of edit control common on 8-mm and Hi8
VCRs and camcorders and on some VHS and
Super-VHS units. See EDIT CONTROL.
PAGE 77