Page 1 ES-3148 Series Intelligent Layer 2+ Switch User’s Guide Version 3.80 8/2007 Edition 1 DEFAULT LOGIN IP Address http://192.168.1.1 User Name admin Password 1234 www.zyxel.com...
Page 3: About This User's Guide
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you! The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
Page 4: Document Conventions
Document Conventions Document Conventions Warnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide. Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device. Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Page 5 Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The Switch icon is not an exact representation of your device. Switch Server Telephone ES-3148 User’s Guide Computer Notebook computer DSLAM Firewall Switch Router Document Conventions...
Page 6: Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions. • Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. • Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. •...
Page 7 Safety Warnings ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 8 Safety Warnings ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 9: Table Of Contents
Introduction ... 31 Introducing the Switch ... 33 Hardware ... 37 Hardware Installation and Connection ... 39 Hardware Overview ... 43 Web Configurator ... 49 The Web Configurator ... 51 Initial Setup Example ... 63 System Status and Port Statistics ... 67 Basic Setting ...
Page 10 Contents Overview Cluster Management ... 269 MAC Table ... 275 ARP Table ... 277 Configure Clone ... 279 Troubleshooting and Specifications ... 281 Troubleshooting ... 283 Product Specifications ... 287 Appendices and Index ... 293 ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 11: Table Of Contents
About This User's Guide ... 3 Document Conventions... 4 Safety Warnings... 6 Contents Overview ... 9 Table of Contents... 11 List of Figures ... 21 List of Tables... 27 Part I: Introduction... 31 Chapter 1 Introducing the Switch ... 33 1.1 Overview ...
Page 12 Table of Contents 3.1 Panel Connections ... 43 3.1.1 Ethernet Ports ... 43 3.1.2 Mini-GBIC Slots ... 44 3.2 Rear Panel ... 45 3.2.1 Console Port ... 46 3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector ... 46 3.2.3 Power Connector ... 47 3.3 LEDs ...
Page 13 7.3 General Setup ... 75 7.4 Introduction to VLANs ... 77 7.5 Switch Setup Screen 7.6 IP Setup ... 79 7.6.1 IP Interfaces ... 79 7.7 Port Setup ... 82 Chapter 8 VLAN ... 85 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs 8.1.1 Forwarding Tagged and Untagged Frames ...
Page 14 Table of Contents 11.1.3 STP Port States ... 109 11.1.4 Multiple RSTP 11.1.5 Multiple STP ...110 11.2 Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen ...112 11.3 Spanning Tree Configuration ...113 11.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 11.5 Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status 11.6 Configure Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol 11.7 Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status 11.8 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...
Page 15 16.2.2 Activate MAC Authentication ... 142 Chapter 17 Port Security... 145 17.1 About Port Security ... 145 17.2 Port Security Setup ... 145 Chapter 18 Classifier... 149 18.1 About the Classifier and QoS ... 149 18.2 Configuring the Classifier ... 149 18.3 Viewing and Editing Classifier Configuration ...
Page 16 Table of Contents 22.1.1 IP Multicast Addresses ... 171 22.1.2 IGMP Filtering ... 171 22.1.3 IGMP Snooping ... 171 22.1.4 IGMP Snooping and VLANs ... 172 22.2 Multicast Status ... 172 22.3 Multicast Setting ... 172 22.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN ... 174 22.5 IGMP Filtering Profile ...
Page 17 24.6.2 ARP Inspection Log Status ... 213 24.7 ARP Inspection Configure ... 215 24.7.1 ARP Inspection Port Configure ... 216 24.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure ... 217 Chapter 25 Loop Guard... 219 25.1 Loop Guard Overview ... 219 25.2 Loop Guard Setup ... 221 Chapter 26 Static Routing...
Page 18 Table of Contents 29.2 Load Factory Default ... 240 29.3 Save Configuration ... 240 29.4 Reboot System ... 241 29.5 Firmware Upgrade 29.6 Restore a Configuration File 29.7 Backup a Configuration File 29.8 FTP Command Line ... 243 29.8.1 Filename Conventions ... 243 29.8.2 FTP Command Line Procedure ...
Page 19 32.3 Syslog Server Setup ... 266 Chapter 33 Cluster Management... 269 33.1 Clustering Management Status Overview ... 269 33.2 Cluster Management Status ... 270 33.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management ... 271 33.3 Clustering Management Configuration ... 272 Chapter 34 MAC Table... 275 34.1 MAC Table Overview ...
Page 20 Table of Contents Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting ... 325 Appendix D Common Services ... 335 Appendix E Importing Certificates ... 339 Appendix F Legal Information ... 345 Appendix G Customer Support ... 349 Index... 355 ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 21: List Of Figures
List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1 Backbone Application ... 33 Figure 2 Bridging Application ... 34 Figure 3 High-performance Switched Application ... 34 Figure 4 Tag-based VLAN Application ... 35 Figure 5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example ... 36 Figure 6 Attaching Rubber Feet ...
Page 22 List of Figures Figure 39 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN ... 96 Figure 40 Protocol Based VLAN Configuration Example ... 97 Figure 41 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) ... 99 Figure 42 Advanced Application >...
Page 23 List of Figures Figure 82 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting ... 173 Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN ... 175 Figure 84 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile ... 176 Figure 85 MVR Network Example ...
Page 24 List of Figures Figure 125 IP Application > DHCP Status ... 234 Figure 126 IP Application > DHCP > Global ... 235 Figure 127 Global DHCP Relay Network Example ... 236 Figure 128 DHCP Relay Configuration Example ... 236 Figure 129 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN ...
Page 25 List of Figures Figure 168 Windows XP: Start Menu ... 299 Figure 169 Windows XP: Control Panel ... 299 Figure 170 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ... 300 Figure 171 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ... 300 Figure 172 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ...
Page 26 List of Figures Figure 211 Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example ... 333 Figure 212 Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example ... 334 Figure 213 Security Certificate ... 339 Figure 214 Login Screen ... 340 Figure 215 Certificate General Information before Import ... 340 Figure 216 Certificate Import Wizard 1 ...
Page 27: List Of Tables
List of Tables List of Tables Table 1 Front Panel ... 43 Table 2 Rear Panel ... 46 Table 3 LEDs ... 47 Table 4 Navigation Panel Sub-links Overview ... 53 Table 5 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details ... 55 Table 6 Navigation Panel Links ...
Page 28 List of Tables Table 39 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting ... 134 Table 40 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP ... 135 Table 41 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x ... 142 Table 42 Advanced Application >...
Page 29 List of Tables Table 82 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Configure > VLAN ... 218 Table 83 Advanced Application > Loop Guard ... 221 Table 84 IP Application > Static Routing ... 223 Table 85 IP Application > DiffServ ... 228 Table 86 IP Application >...
Page 30 List of Tables Table 125 Subnet Masks ... 327 Table 126 Maximum Host Numbers ... 327 Table 127 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ... 327 Table 128 Subnet 1 ... 329 Table 129 Subnet 2 ... 330 Table 130 Subnet 3 ... 330 Table 131 Subnet 4 ...
Page 31: Introduction
Introduction Introducing the Switch (33)
Page 33: Introducing The Switch
H A P T E R Introducing the Switch This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the Switch. It also introduces the ways you can manage the Switch. Chapter 38 on page 287 models. 1.1 Overview This section shows a few examples of using the Switch in various network environments. 1.1.1 Backbone Application The Switch is an ideal solution for small networks where rapid growth can be expected in the near future.
Page 34: Bridging Example
Chapter 1 Introducing the Switch 1.1.2 Bridging Example The Switch can connect different company departments (RD and Sales) to the corporate backbone. It can alleviate bandwidth contention and eliminate server and network bottlenecks. All users that need high bandwidth can connect to high-speed department servers via the Switch.
Page 35: Ieee 802.1Q Vlan Application Examples
1.1.4 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Application Examples This section shows a workgroup and a shared server example using 802.1Q tagged VLANs. A VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Stations on a logical network belong to one group. A station can belong to more than one group.
Page 36: Ways To Manage The Switch
Chapter 1 Introducing the Switch Figure 5 Shared Server Using VLAN Example 1.2 Ways to Manage the Switch Use any of the following methods to manage the Switch. • Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the Switch using a (supported) web browser.
Page 37: Hardware
Hardware Hardware Installation and Connection (39) Hardware Overview (43)
Page 39: Hardware Installation And Connection
H A P T E R Hardware Installation and This chapter shows you how to install and connect the Switch. 2.1 Freestanding Installation 1 Make sure the Switch is clean and dry. 2 Set the Switch on a smooth, level surface strong enough to support the weight of the Switch and the connected cables.
Page 40: Mounting The Switch On A Rack
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection Do NOT block the ventilation holes. Leave space between devices when stacking. For proper ventilation, allow at least 4 inches (10 cm) of clearance at the front and 3.4 inches (8 cm) at the back of the Switch. This is especially important for enclosed rack installations.
Page 41: Mounting The Switch On A Rack
2 Using a #2 Phillips screwdriver, install the M3 flat head screws through the mounting bracket holes into the Switch. 3 Repeat steps Switch. 4 You may now mount the Switch on a rack. Proceed to the next section. 2.2.3 Mounting the Switch on a Rack 1 Position a mounting bracket (that is already attached to the switch) on one side of the rack, lining up the two screw holes on the bracket with the screw holes on the side of the rack.
Page 42 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 43: Hardware Overview
H A P T E R This chapter describes the front panel and rear panel of the Switch and shows you how to make the hardware connections. 3.1 Panel Connections The figure below shows the front panel of the Switch. Figure 9 Front Panel 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Ports The following table describes the ports on the panels.
Page 44: Mini-Gbic Slots
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview There are two pairs of Gigabit Ethernet/mini-GBIC ports. The mini-GBIC ports have priority over the Gigabit ports. This means that if a mini-GBIC port and the corresponding Gigabit port are connected at the same time, the Gigabit port will be disabled. The speed of the Gigabit Ethernet/mini-GBIC ports can be 100Mbps or 1000Mbps and the duplex mode can be half duplex (at 100 Mbps) or full duplex.
Page 45: Rear Panel
Figure 10 Transceiver Installation Example 2 Press the transceiver firmly until it clicks into place. 3 The Switch automatically detects the installed transceiver. Check the LEDs to verify that it is functioning properly. Figure 11 Installed Transceiver 3.1.2.2 Transceiver Removal Use the following steps to remove a mini GBIC transceiver (SFP module).
Page 46: Console Port
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview Figure 14 Rear Panel Console Port Management Port RJ-45 Gigabit Ports for Stacking The following table describes the ports on the panels. Table 2 Rear Panel CONNECTOR DESCRIPTION 2 100/1000 Connect these ports to high-bandwidth backbone network Ethernet switches or use Mbps RJ-45 them to daisy-chain other switches.
Page 47: Power Connector
The backup power supply constantly monitors the status of the internal power supply. The backup power supply automatically provides power to the Switch in the event of a power failure. Once the Switch receives power from the backup power supply, it will not automatically switch back to using the internal power supply even when the power is resumed.
Page 48 Chapter 3 Hardware Overview Table 3 LEDs (continued) COLOR Green Green Gigabit Port LNK/ACT Green Amber Amber MGMT Green Amber STATUS DESCRIPTION The port has a successful connection. No Ethernet device is connected to this port. Blinking The port is receiving or transmitting data. Blinking The system is transmitting/receiving to/from a 10 Mbps or a 1000 Mbps Ethernet network.
Page 49: Web Configurator
Web Configurator The Web Configurator (51) Initial Setup Example (63) System Status and Port Statistics (67) Basic Setting (73) VLAN (85) Static MAC Forward Setup (103) Filtering (105) Spanning Tree Protocol (107) Bandwidth Control (125) Broadcast Storm Control (127) Mirroring (129) Link Aggregation (131) Port Authentication (139) Port Security (145)
Page 50 Differentiated Services (225) DHCP (233) Maintenance (239) Access Control (245) Diagnostic (263) Syslog (265) Cluster Management (269) MAC Table (275) ARP Table (277) Configure Clone (279)
Page 51: The Web Configurator
H A P T E R The Web Configurator This section introduces the configuration and functions of the web configurator. 4.1 Introduction The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy Switch setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions.
Page 52: The Status Screen
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Figure 15 Web Configurator: Login 4 Click OK to view the first web configurator screen. 4.3 The Status Screen The Status screen is the first screen that displays when you access the web configurator. The following figure shows the navigating components of a web configurator screen. Figure 16 Web Configurator Home Screen (Status) A - Click the menu items to open submenu links, and then click on a submenu link to open the screen in the main window.
Page 53: Table 4 Navigation Panel Sub-Links Overview
B - Click this link to save your configuration into the Switch’s nonvolatile memory. Nonvolatile memory is saved in the configuration file from which the Switch booted from and it stays the same even if the Switch’s power is turned off. See information on saving your settings to a specific configuration file.
Page 54 Chapter 4 The Web Configurator The following table lists the various web configurator screens within the sub-links. ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 55: Table 5 Web Configurator Screen Sub-Links Details
Table 5 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details BASIC SETTING System Info General Setup Switch Setup IP Setup Port Setup ES-3148 User’s Guide ADVANCED IP APPLICATION APPLICATION VLAN Status Static Routing VLAN Detail DiffServ VLAN Port Setting 2-rate 3 Color Subnet Based Marker VLAN DSCP Setting...
Page 56: Table 6 Navigation Panel Links
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Table 5 Web Configurator Screen Sub-links Details (continued) BASIC SETTING The following table describes the links in the navigation panel. Table 6 Navigation Panel Links LINK DESCRIPTION Basic Setting System Info This link takes you to a screen that displays general system and hardware monitoring information.
Page 57 Table 6 Navigation Panel Links (continued) LINK DESCRIPTION Filtering This link takes you to a screen to set up filtering rules. Spanning Tree This link takes you to screens where you can configure the RSTP/MRSTP/MSTP to Protocol prevent network loops. Bandwidth This link takes you to screens where you can cap the maximum bandwidth allowed Control...
Page 58: Change Your Password
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator Table 6 Navigation Panel Links (continued) LINK DESCRIPTION Syslog This link takes you to screens where you can setup system logs and a system log server. Cluster This link takes you to a screen where you can configure clustering management Management and view its status.
Page 59: Switch Lockout
Use the Save link when you are done with a configuration session. 4.5 Switch Lockout You could block yourself (and all others) from using in-band-management (managing through the data ports) if you do one of the following: 1 Delete the management VLAN (default is VLAN 1). 2 Delete all port-based VLANs with the CPU port as a member.
Page 60: Logging Out Of The Web Configurator
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator 3 When you see the message “ seconds ... 4 Type after the “ atlc 5 Wait for the “ Starting XMODEM upload upload on your terminal. 6 After a configuration file upload, type Figure 18 Resetting the Switch: Via the Console Port Bootbase Version: V0.6 | 03/06/2006 09:21:13 RAM:Size = 32 Mbytes DRAM POST: Testing: 32768K OK...
Page 61: Help
4.8 Help The web configurator’s online help has descriptions of individual screens and some supplementary information. Click the Help link from a web configurator screen to view an online help description of that screen. ES-3148 User’s Guide Chapter 4 The Web Configurator...
Page 62 Chapter 4 The Web Configurator ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 63: Initial Setup Example
H A P T E R This chapter shows how to set up the Switch for an example network. 5.1 Overview The following lists the configuration steps for the initial setup: • Create a VLAN • Set port VLAN ID •...
Page 64: Setting Port Vid
Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example 2 In the Static VLAN screen, select ACTIVE, enter a descriptive name in the Name field, and enter 2 in the VLAN Group ID field for the VLAN2 network. The VLAN Group ID field in this screen and the VID field in the IP Setup screen refer to the same VLAN ID.
Page 65: Configuring Switch Management Ip Address
1 Click Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting. 2 Enter 2 in the PVID field for port 1, and click Apply to save your changes back to the run-time memory. Settings in the run-time memory are lost when the Switch’s power is turned off.
Page 66 Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example 3 Click Basic Setting > IP Setup. 4 Configure the related fields in the IP Setup screen. For the VLAN2 network, enter 192.168.2.1 as the IP address and 255.255.255.0 as the subnet mask. 5 In the VID field, enter the ID of the VLAN group to which you want this management IP address to belong.
Page 67: System Status And Port Statistics
H A P T E R System Status and Port This chapter describes the system status (web configurator home page) and port details screens. 6.1 Overview The home screen of the web configurator displays a port statistical summary with links to each port showing statistical details.
Page 68: Status: Port Details
Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Table 7 Status (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION State If STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is enabled, this field displays the STP state of the port (see If STP is disabled, this field displays FORWARDING if the link is up, otherwise, it displays STOP.
Page 69: Figure 24 Status: Port Details
Figure 24 Status: Port Details The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8 Status > Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Port Info Port NO. This field displays the port number you are viewing. Name This field displays the name of the port. Link This field displays the speed (either 10M for 10Mbps, 100M for 100Mbps or 1000M for 1000Mbps) and the duplex (F for full duplex or H for half duplex).
Page 70 Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics Table 8 Status > Port Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Up Time This field shows the total amount of time the connection has been up. Tx Packet The following fields display detailed information about packets transmitted. This field shows the number of good packets (unicast, multicast and broadcast) Packets transmitted.
Page 71 Table 8 Status > Port Details (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION 1024 to This field shows the number of packets (including bad packets) received that were 1518 between 1024 and 1518 octets in length. Giant This field shows the number of packets dropped because they were bigger than the maximum frame size.
Page 72 Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 73: Basic Setting
H A P T E R This chapter describes how to configure the System Info, General Setup, Switch Setup, IP Setup and Port Setup screens. 7.1 Overview The System Info screen displays general Switch information (such as firmware version number) and hardware polling information (such as fan speeds). The General Setup screen allows you to configure general Switch identification information.
Page 74: Figure 25 Basic Setting > System Info
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Figure 25 Basic Setting > System Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 Basic Setting > System Info LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name This field displays the descriptive name of the Switch for identification purposes. ZyNOS F/W This field displays the version number of the Switch 's current firmware including the Version...
Page 75: General Setup
Table 9 Basic Setting > System Info (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Current This field displays this fan's current speed in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). This field displays this fan's maximum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM). This field displays this fan's minimum speed measured in Revolutions Per Minute (RPM).
Page 76: Table 10 Basic Setting > General Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Basic Setting > General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name Choose a descriptive name for identification purposes. This name consists of up to 64 printable characters; spaces are allowed. Location Enter the geographic location of your Switch.
Page 77: Introduction To Vlans
Table 10 Basic Setting > General Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION End Date Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Daylight Saving Time. The time field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples: Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the first Sunday of November.
Page 78: Figure 27 Basic Setting > Switch Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Figure 27 Basic Setting > Switch Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11 Basic Setting > Switch Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Type Choose 802.1Q or Port Based. The VLAN Setup screen changes depending on whether you choose 802.1Q VLAN type or Port Based VLAN type in this screen.
Page 79: Ip Setup
Table 11 Basic Setting > Switch Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Priority Queue Assignment IEEE 802.1p defines up to eight separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that contains bits to define class of service. Frames without an explicit priority tag are given the default priority of the ingress port.
Page 80: Figure 28 Basic Setting > Ip Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Figure 28 Basic Setting > IP Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 12 Basic Setting > IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Domain DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP Name Server address and vice versa.
Page 81 Table 12 Basic Setting > IP Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Static IP Select this option if you don’t have a DHCP server or if you wish to assign static IP Address address information to the Switch. You need to fill in the following fields when you select this option.
Page 82: Port Setup
Chapter 7 Basic Setting Table 12 Basic Setting > IP Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Manageable This field displays whether the Switch can be managed using the specified IP address. Delete Click Delete to remove the selected entry from the summary table. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the Delete check boxes.
Page 83 Table 13 Basic Setting > Port Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Speed/Duplex Select the speed and the duplex mode of the Ethernet connection on this port. Choices are Auto, 10M/Half Duplex, 10M/Full Duplex, 100M/Half Duplex, 100M/ Full Duplex and 1000M/Full Duplex (for Gigabit ports only). Selecting Auto (auto-negotiation) allows one port to negotiate with a peer port automatically to obtain the connection speed and duplex mode that both ends support.
Page 84 Chapter 7 Basic Setting ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 85: Vlan
H A P T E R The type of screen you see here depends on the VLAN Type you selected in the Switch Setup screen. This chapter shows you how to configure 802.1Q tagged and port-based VLANs. 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLANs A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created.
Page 86: Automatic Vlan Registration
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration GARP and GVRP are the protocols used to automatically register VLAN membership across switches. 8.2.1 GARP GARP (Generic Attribute Registration Protocol) allows network switches to register and de- register attribute values with other GARP participants within a bridged LAN. GARP is a protocol that provides a generic mechanism for protocols that serve a more specific application, for example, GVRP.
Page 87: Port Vlan Trunking
8.3 Port VLAN Trunking Enable VLAN Trunking on a port to allow frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through that port. This is useful if you want to set up VLAN groups on end devices without having to configure the same VLAN groups on intermediary devices. Refer to the following figure.
Page 88: Static Vlan Status
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.5.1 Static VLAN Status Section 8.1 on page 85 Application > VLAN from the navigation panel to display the VLAN Status screen as shown next. Figure 32 Advanced Application > VLAN: VLAN Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 15 Advanced Application >...
Page 89: Configure A Static Vlan
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 16 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Detail LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Status Click this to go to the VLAN Status screen. This is the VLAN identification number that was configured in the Static VLAN screen.
Page 90: Configure Vlan Port Settings
Chapter 8 VLAN The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 17 Advanced Application > VLAN > Static VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION ACTIVE Select this check box to activate the VLAN settings. Name Enter a descriptive name for the VLAN group for identification purposes. This name consists of up to 64 printable characters;...
Page 91: Figure 35 Advanced Application > Vlan > Vlan Port Setting
Figure 35 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 18 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION GVRP GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) is a registration protocol that defines a way for switches to register necessary VLAN members on ports across the network.
Page 92: Subnet Based Vlans
Chapter 8 VLAN Table 18 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 93: Configuring Subnet Based Vlan
8.7 Configuring Subnet Based VLAN Click Subnet Based VLAN in the VLAN Port Setting screen to display the configuration screen as shown. Subnet based VLAN applies to un-tagged packets and is applicable only when you use IEEE 802.1Q tagged VLAN. Figure 37 Advanced Application >...
Page 94: Protocol Based Vlans
Chapter 8 VLAN Table 19 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Subnet Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Check this box to activate the IP subnet VLAN you are creating or editing. Name Enter up to 32 alpha numeric characters to identify this subnet based VLAN. Enter the IP address of the subnet for which you want to configure this subnet based VLAN.
Page 95: Configuring Protocol Based Vlan
For example, port 1, 2, 3 and 4 belong to static VLAN 100, and port 4, 5, 6, 7 belong to static VLAN 120. You configure a protocol based VLAN A with priority 3 for ARP traffic received on port 1, 2 and 3. You also have a protocol based VLAN B with priority 2 for Apple Talk traffic received on port 6 and 7.
Page 96: Figure 39 Advanced Application > Vlan > Vlan Port Setting > Protocol Based Vlan
Chapter 8 VLAN Figure 39 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 20 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active...
Page 97: Create An Ip-Based Vlan Example
Table 20 Advanced Application > VLAN > VLAN Port Setting > Protocol Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION This field shows the VLAN ID of the port. Priority This field shows the priority which is assigned to frames belonging to this protocol based VLAN.
Page 98: Port-Based Vlan Setup
Chapter 8 VLAN 8.11 Port-based VLAN Setup Port-based VLANs are VLANs where the packet forwarding decision is based on the destination MAC address and its associated port. Port-based VLANs require allowed outgoing ports to be defined for each port. Therefore, if you wish to allow two subscriber ports to talk to each other, for example, between conference rooms in a hotel, you must define the egress (an egress port is an outgoing port, that is, a port through which a data packet leaves) for both ports.
Page 99: Figure 41 Advanced Application > Vlan: Port Based Vlan Setup (All Connected)
Chapter 8 VLAN Figure 41 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (All Connected) ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 100: Figure 42 Advanced Application > Vlan: Port Based Vlan Setup (Port Isolation)
Chapter 8 VLAN Figure 42 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup (Port Isolation) ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 101: Table 21 Advanced Application > Vlan: Port Based Vlan Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 21 Advanced Application > VLAN: Port Based VLAN Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Setting Wizard Choose All connected or Port isolation. All connected means all ports can communicate with each other, that is, there are no virtual LANs.
Page 102 Chapter 8 VLAN ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 103: Static Mac Forward Setup
H A P T E R Static MAC Forward Setup Use these screens to configure static MAC address forwarding. 9.1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure forwarding rules based on MAC addresses of devices on your network. 9.2 Configuring Static MAC Forwarding A static MAC address is an address that has been manually entered in the MAC address table.
Page 104: Table 22 Advanced Application > Static Mac Forwarding
Chapter 9 Static MAC Forward Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 22 Advanced Application > Static MAC Forwarding LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate your rule. You may temporarily deactivate a rule without deleting it by clearing this check box.
Page 105: Filtering
H A P T E R This chapter discusses MAC address port filtering. 10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule Filtering means sifting traffic going through the Switch based on the source and/or destination MAC addresses and VLAN group (ID). Click Advanced Application > Filtering in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown next.
Page 106 Chapter 10 Filtering Table 23 Advanced Application > FIltering (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Action Select Discard source to drop frame from the source MAC address (specified in the MAC field). The Switch can still send frames to the MAC address. Select Discard destination to drop frames to the destination MAC address (specified in the MAC address).
Page 107: Spanning Tree Protocol
H A P T E R Spanning Tree Protocol The Switch supports Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) and Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) as defined in the following standards. • IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol • IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol •...
Page 108: How Stp Works
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Path cost is the cost of transmitting a frame onto a LAN through that port. The recommended cost is assigned according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher the cost.
Page 109: Stp Port States
11.1.3 STP Port States STP assigns five port states to eliminate packet looping. A bridge port is not allowed to go directly from blocking state to forwarding state so as to eliminate transient loops. Table 25 STP Port States PORT STATE DESCRIPTION Disabled STP is disabled (default).
Page 110: Multiple Stp
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.1.5 Multiple STP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1s) is backward compatible with STP/RSTP and addresses the limitations of existing spanning tree protocols (STP and RSTP) in networks to include the following features: • One Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) that represents the entire network’s connectivity.
Page 111: Figure 47 Mstp Network Example
Figure 47 MSTP Network Example VLAN 1 11.1.5.2 MST Region An MST region is a logical grouping of multiple network devices that appears as a single device to the rest of the network. Each MSTP-enabled device can only belong to one MST region.
Page 112: Spanning Tree Protocol Status Screen
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Figure 48 MSTIs in Different Regions 11.1.5.4 Common and Internal Spanning Tree (CIST) A CIST represents the connectivity of the entire network and it is equivalent to a spanning tree in an STP/RSTP. The CIST is the default MST instance (MSTID 0). Any VLANs that are not members of an MST instance are members of the CIST.
Page 113: Spanning Tree Configuration
Figure 50 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol This screen differs depending on which STP mode (RSTP, MRSTP or MSTP) you configure on the Switch. This screen is described in detail in the section that follows the configuration section for each STP mode. Click Configuration to activate one of the STP standards on the Switch.
Page 114: Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.4 Configure Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Use this screen to configure RSTP settings, see on RSTP. Click RSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol screen. Figure 52 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 115: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status
Table 27 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > RSTP (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Hello Time This is the time interval in seconds between BPDU (Bridge Protocol Data Units) configuration message generations by the root switch. The allowed range is 1 to 10 seconds.
Page 116: Figure 53 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: Rstp
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol This screen is only available after you activate RSTP on the Switch. Figure 53 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 28 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: RSTP LABEL Configuration Bridge...
Page 117: Configure Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
11.6 Configure Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol To configure MRSTP, click MRSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol screen. See Section 11.1 on page 107 Figure 54 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MRSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 29 Advanced Application >...
Page 118: Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 29 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MRSTP (continued) LABEL MAX Age Forwarding Delay Port Active Priority Path Cost Tree Apply Cancel 11.7 Multiple Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol Status Click Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol in the navigation panel to display the status screen as shown next.
Page 119: Figure 55 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: Mrstp
This screen is only available after you activate MRSTP on the Switch. Figure 55 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MRSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 30 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MRSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Configuration...
Page 120: Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol 11.8 Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol To configure MSTP, click MSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol screen. See Section 11.1.5 on page 110 Figure 56 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP for more information on MSTP.
Page 121: Table 31 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Mstp
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 31 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Status Click Status to display the MSTP Status screen (see Active Select this to activate MSTP on the Switch. Clear this to disable MSTP on the Switch.
Page 122: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status
Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 31 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > MSTP (continued) LABEL VLAN Range Enabled VLAN(s) Port Active Priority Path Cost Cancel Instance VLAN Active Port Delete Cancel 11.9 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol Status Click Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol in the navigation panel to display the status screen as shown next.
Page 123: Figure 57 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: Mstp
This screen is only available after you activate MSTP on the Switch. Figure 57 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 32 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION Configuration...
Page 124 Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol Table 32 Advanced Application > Spanning Tree Protocol > Status: MSTP (continued) LABEL Forwarding Delay (second) Cost to Bridge Port ID Configuration Name Revision Number Configuration Digest Topology Changed Times Time Since Last Change Instance: Instance VLAN MSTI...
Page 125: Bandwidth Control
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how you can cap the maximum bandwidth using the Bandwidth Control screen. 12.1 Bandwidth Control Overview Bandwidth control means defining a maximum allowable bandwidth for incoming and/or out- going traffic flows on a port. 12.1.1 CIR and PIR The Committed Information Rate (CIR) is the guaranteed bandwidth for the incoming traffic flow on a port.
Page 126: Figure 58 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control
Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control Figure 58 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 33 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable bandwidth control on the Switch. Port This field displays the port number.
Page 127: Broadcast Storm Control
H A P T E R Broadcast Storm Control This chapter introduces and shows you how to configure the broadcast storm control feature. 13.1 Broadcast Storm Control Setup Broadcast storm control limits the number of broadcast, multicast and destination lookup failure (DLF) packets the Switch receives per second on the ports.
Page 128: Table 34 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control
Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 34 Advanced Application > Broadcast Storm Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable traffic storm control on the Switch. Clear this check box to disable this feature.
Page 129: Mirroring
H A P T E R This chapter discusses port mirroring setup screens. 14.1 Port Mirroring Setup Port mirroring allows you to copy a traffic flow to a monitor port (the port you copy the traffic to) in order that you can examine the traffic from the monitor port without interference. Click Advanced Application >...
Page 130: Table 35 Advanced Application > Mirroring
Chapter 14 Mirroring The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 35 Advanced Application > Mirroring LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate port mirroring on the Switch. Clear this check box to disable the feature. Monitor The monitor port is the port you copy the traffic to in order to examine it in more detail Port...
Page 131: Link Aggregation
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to logically aggregate physical links to form one logical, higher- bandwidth link. 15.1 Link Aggregation Overview Link aggregation (trunking) is the grouping of physical ports into one logical higher-capacity link.
Page 132: Link Aggregation Id
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation • LACP only works on full-duplex links. • All ports in the same trunk group must have the same media type, speed, duplex mode and flow control settings. Configure trunk groups or LACP before you connect the Ethernet switch to avoid causing network topology loops.
Page 133: Link Aggregation Setting
Table 38 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation Status (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Aggregator ID Link Aggregator ID consists of the following: system priority, MAC address, key, port priority and port number. Refer to this field. Status This field displays how these ports were added to the trunk group. It displays: •...
Page 134: Link Aggregation Control Protocol
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 39 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION Link This is the only screen you need to configure to enable static link aggregation. Aggregation Setting Group ID...
Page 135: Figure 63 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > Lacp
Figure 63 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 40 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP LABEL DESCRIPTION Link Note: Do not configure this screen unless you want to enable Aggregation Control Protocol...
Page 136: Static Trunking Example
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Table 40 Advanced Application > Link Aggregation > Link Aggregation Setting > LACP LABEL DESCRIPTION Settings in this row apply to all ports. Use this row only if you want to make some settings the same for all ports. Use this row first to set the common settings and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis.
Page 137: Figure 65 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation Figure 65 Trunking Example - Configuration Screen Your trunk group 1 (T1) configuration is now complete; you do not need to go to any additional screens. ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 138 Chapter 15 Link Aggregation ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 139: Port Authentication
H A P T E R This chapter describes the IEEE 802.1x and MAC authentication methods. 16.1 Port Authentication Overview Port authentication is a way to validate access to ports on the Switch to clients based on an external server (authentication server). The Switch supports the following methods for port authentication: •...
Page 140: Mac Authentication
Chapter 16 Port Authentication Figure 66 IEEE 802.1x Authentication Process New Connection Login Info Request Login Credentials 16.1.2 MAC Authentication MAC authentication works in a very similar way to IEEE 802.1x authentication. The main difference is that the Switch does not prompt the client for login credentials. The login credentials are based on the source MAC address of the client connecting to a port on the Switch along with a password configured specifically for MAC authentication on the Switch.
Page 141: Port Authentication Configuration
16.2 Port Authentication Configuration To enable port authentication, first activate the port authentication method(s) you want to use (both on the Switch and the port(s)) then configure the RADIUS server settings in the Auth and Acct > Radius Server Setup screen. Click Advanced Application >...
Page 142: Activate Mac Authentication
Chapter 16 Port Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 41 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > 802.1x LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to permit 802.1x authentication on the Switch. Note: You must first enable 802.1x authentication on the Switch Port This field displays a port number.
Page 143: Figure 70 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > Mac Authentication
Figure 70 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 42 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to permit MAC authentication on the Switch. Note: You must first enable MAC authentication on the Switch Name Prefix Type the prefix that is appended to all MAC addresses sent to the RADIUS server...
Page 144 Chapter 16 Port Authentication Table 42 Advanced Application > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Use this row to make the setting the same for all ports. Use this row first and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis. Note: Changes in this row are copied to all the ports as soon as you Active Select this to permit MAC authentication on this port.
Page 145: Port Security
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to set up port security. 17.1 About Port Security Port security allows only packets with dynamically learned MAC addresses and/or configured static MAC addresses to pass through a port on the Switch. The Switch can learn up to 16K MAC addresses in total with no limit on individual ports other than the sum cannot exceed 16K.
Page 146: Figure 71 Advanced Application > Port Security
Chapter 17 Port Security Figure 71 Advanced Application > Port Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 43 Advanced Application > Port Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable port security on the Switch. Port This field displays a port number.
Page 147 Table 43 Advanced Application > Port Security (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 148 Chapter 17 Port Security ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 149: Classifier
H A P T E R This chapter introduces and shows you how to configure the packet classifier on the Switch. 18.1 About the Classifier and QoS Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth.
Page 150: Figure 72 Advanced Application > Classifier
Chapter 18 Classifier Figure 72 Advanced Application > Classifier The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 44 Advanced Application > Classifier LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable this rule. Name Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes. Packet Specify the format of the packet.
Page 151 Table 44 Advanced Application > Classifier (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Select Any to classify traffic from any VLAN or select the second option and specify the source VLAN ID in the field provided. Priority Select Any to classify traffic from any priority level or select the second option and specify a priority level in the field provided.
Page 152: Viewing And Editing Classifier Configuration
Chapter 18 Classifier Table 44 Advanced Application > Classifier (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Click Add to insert the entry in the summary table below and save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non- volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 153: Classifier Example
Table 46 Common Ethernet Types and Protocol Number (continued) ETHERNET TYPE Chaosnet X.25 Level 3 XNS Compat Banyan Systems BBN Simnet IBM SNA AppleTalk AARP In the Internet Protocol, there is a field called “Protocol” to identify the IP protocol type. The following table shows some common protocol types and the corresponding protocol number.
Page 154: Figure 74 Classifier: Example
Chapter 18 Classifier Figure 74 Classifier: Example ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 155: Policy Rule
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure policy rules. 19.1 Policy Rules Overview A classifier distinguishes traffic into flows based on the configured criteria (refer to 18 on page 149 for more information). A policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network.
Page 156: Configuring Policy Rules
Chapter 19 Policy Rule 19.2 Configuring Policy Rules You must first configure a classifier in the Classifier screen. Refer to for more information. Click Advanced Applications > Policy Rule in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown. Figure 75 Advanced Application > Policy Rule Section 18.2 on page ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 157: Table 49 Advanced Application > Policy Rule
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 49 Advanced Application > Policy Rule LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable the policy. Name Enter a descriptive name for identification purposes. Classifier(s) This field displays the active classifier(s) you configure in the Classifier screen. Select the classifier(s) to which this policy rule applies.
Page 158: Viewing And Editing Policy Configuration
Chapter 19 Policy Rule Table 49 Advanced Application > Policy Rule (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Outgoing Select Send the packet to the mirror port to send the packet to the mirror port. Select Send the packet to the egress port to send the packet to the egress port. Select Send the matching frames (broadcast or DLF, multicast, marked for dropping or to be sent to the CPU) to the egress port to send the broadcast, multicast, DLF, marked-to-drop or CPU frames to the egress port.
Page 159: Policy Example
19.4 Policy Example The figure below shows an example Policy screen where you configure a policy to limit bandwidth and discard out-of-profile traffic on a traffic flow classified using the Example classifier (refer to Section 18.4 on page Figure 77 Policy Example ES-3148 User’s Guide Chapter 19 Policy Rule 153).
Page 160 Chapter 19 Policy Rule ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 161: Queuing Method
H A P T E R This chapter introduces the queuing methods supported. 20.1 Queuing Method Overview Queuing is used to help solve performance degradation when there is network congestion. Use the Queuing Method screen to configure queuing algorithms for outgoing traffic. See also Priority Queue Assignment in Switch Setup and 802.1p Priority in Port Setup for related information.
Page 162: Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (Wrr)
Chapter 20 Queuing Method 20.1.3 Weighted Round Robin Scheduling (WRR) Round Robin Scheduling services queues on a rotating basis and is activated only when a port has more traffic than it can handle. A queue is a given an amount of bandwidth irrespective of the incoming traffic on that port.
Page 163: Table 51 Advanced Application > Queuing Method
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 51 Advanced Application > Queuing Method LABEL DESCRIPTION Method Select SPQ (Strictly Priority Queuing), WFQ (Weighted Fair Queuing) or WRR (Weighted Round Robin). Strictly Priority services queues based on priority only. When the highest priority queue empties, traffic on the next highest-priority queue begins.
Page 164 Chapter 20 Queuing Method ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 165: Vlan Stacking
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure VLAN stacking on your Switch. See the chapter on VLANs for more background information on Virtual LAN 21.1 VLAN Stacking Overview A service provider can use VLAN stacking to allow it to distinguish multiple customers VLANs, even those with the same (customer-assigned) VLAN ID, within its network.
Page 166: Vlan Stacking Port Roles
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking Figure 79 VLAN Stacking Example 21.2 VLAN Stacking Port Roles Each port can have three VLAN stacking “roles”, Normal, Access Port and Tunnel (the latter is for Gigabit ports only). • Select Normal for “regular” (non-VLAN stacking) IEEE 802.1Q frame switching. •...
Page 167: Vlan Tag Format
21.3 VLAN Tag Format A VLAN tag (service provider VLAN stacking or customer IEEE 802.1Q) consists of the following three fields. Table 52 VLAN Tag Format Type Priority Type is a standard Ethernet type code identifying the frame and indicates that whether the frame carries IEEE 802.1Q tag information.
Page 168: Configuring Vlan Stacking
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking Table 54 802.1Q Frame (SP)TPID (Service Provider) Tag Protocol IDentifier VLAN ID 21.4 Configuring VLAN Stacking Click Advanced Applications > VLAN Stacking to display the screen as shown. Figure 80 Advanced Application > VLAN Stacking The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 55 Advanced Application >...
Page 169 Table 55 Advanced Application > VLAN Stacking (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Role Select Normal to have the Switch ignore frames received (or transmitted) on this port with VLAN stacking tags. Anything you configure in SPVID and Priority are ignored. Select Access Port to have the Switch add the SP TPID tag to all incoming frames received on this port.
Page 170 Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 171: Multicast
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure various multicast features. 22.1 Multicast Overview Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender to 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender to everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to just a group of hosts on the network.
Page 172: Igmp Snooping And Vlans
Chapter 22 Multicast The Switch forwards multicast traffic destined for multicast groups (that it has learned from IGMP snooping or that you have manually configured) to ports that are members of that group. IGMP snooping generates no additional network traffic, allowing you to significantly reduce multicast traffic passing through your Switch.
Page 173: Figure 82 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting
Figure 82 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 57 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION IGMP Snooping Use these settings to configure IGMP Snooping. Active Select Active to enable IGMP Snooping to forward group multicast traffic only to ports that are members of that group.
Page 174: Igmp Snooping Vlan
Chapter 22 Multicast Table 57 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting (continued) LABEL Reserved Multicast Group Port Immed. Leave Group Limited Max Group Num. IGMP Filtering Profile IGMP Querier Mode Apply Cancel 22.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN Click Advanced Applications > Multicast in the navigation panel. Click the Multicast Setting link and then the IGMP Snooping VLAN link to display the screen as shown.
Page 175: Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > Igmp Snooping Vlan
Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 58 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION Mode Select auto to have the Switch learn multicast group membership information of any VLANs automatically.
Page 176: Igmp Filtering Profile
Chapter 22 Multicast Table 58 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN LABEL Index Name Delete Cancel 22.5 IGMP Filtering Profile An IGMP filtering profile specifies a range of multicast groups that clients connected to the Switch are able to join.
Page 177: Mvr Overview
Table 59 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Filtering Profile LABEL DESCRIPTION Click Add to save the profile to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 178: Mvr Modes
Chapter 22 Multicast 22.6.2 MVR Modes You can set your Switch to operate in either dynamic or compatible mode. In dynamic mode, the Switch sends IGMP leave and join reports to the other multicast devices (such as multicast routers or servers) in the multicast VLAN. This allows the multicast devices to update the multicast forwarding table to forward or not forward multicast traffic to the receiver ports.
Page 179: Figure 87 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > Mvr
Your Switch automatically creates a static VLAN (with the same VID) when you create a multicast VLAN in this screen. Figure 87 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR The following table describes the related labels in this screen. Table 60 Advanced Application >...
Page 180: Mvr Group Configuration
Chapter 22 Multicast Table 60 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Settings in this row apply to all ports. Use this row only if you want to make some settings the same for all ports. Use this row first to set the common settings and then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis.
Page 181: Mvr Configuration Example
Figure 88 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Multicast Select a multicast VLAN ID (that you configured in the MVR screen) from the drop- VLAN ID down list box.
Page 182: Figure 89 Mvr Configuration Example
Chapter 22 Multicast Figure 89 MVR Configuration Example To configure the MVR settings on the Switch, create a multicast group in the MVR screen and set the receiver and source ports. Figure 90 MVR Configuration Example To set the Switch to forward the multicast group traffic to the subscribers, configure multicast group settings in the Group Configuration screen.
Page 183: Figure 91 Mvr Group Configuration Example
Chapter 22 Multicast Figure 91 MVR Group Configuration Example Figure 92 MVR Group Configuration Example ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 184 Chapter 22 Multicast ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 185: Authentication & Accounting
H A P T E R Authentication & Accounting This chapter describes how to configure authentication and accounting settings on the Switch. 23.1 Authentication, Authorization and Accounting Authentication is the process of determining who a user is and validating access to the Switch. The Switch can authenticate users who try to log in based on user accounts configured on the Switch itself.
Page 186: Radius And Tacacs
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting 23.1.2 RADIUS and TACACS+ RADIUS and TACACS+ are security protocols used to authenticate users by means of an external server instead of (or in addition to) an internal device user database that is limited to the memory capacity of the device.
Page 187: Figure 95 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Radius Server Setup
Figure 95 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 63 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Use this section to configure your RADIUS authentication settings. Server Mode This field is only valid if you configure multiple RADIUS servers.
Page 188: Tacacs+ Server Setup
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting Table 63 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > RADIUS Server Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Delete Check this box if you want to remove an existing RADIUS server entry from the Switch. This entry is deleted when you click Apply. Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory.
Page 189: Figure 96 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Tacacs+ Server Setup
Figure 96 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 64 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Use this section to configure your TACACS+ authentication settings. Server Mode This field is only valid if you configure multiple TACACS+ servers.
Page 190: Authentication And Accounting Setup
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting Table 64 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > TACACS+ Server Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Shared Secret Specify a password (up to 32 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external TACACS+ server and the Switch. This key is not sent over the network.
Page 191: Figure 97 Advanced Application > Auth And Acct > Auth And Acct Setup
Figure 97 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 65 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Use this section to specify the methods used to authenticate users accessing the Switch.
Page 192 Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting Table 65 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Login These fields specify which database the Switch should use (first, second and third) to authenticate administrator accounts (users for Switch management). Configure the local user accounts in the Access Control >...
Page 193: Vendor Specific Attribute
Table 65 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 194: Supported Radius Attributes
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting Table 66 Supported VSAs FUNCTION Egress Bandwidth Assignment Privilege Assignment 23.2.4.1 Tunnel Protocol Attribute You can configure tunnel protocol attributes on the RADIUS server (refer to your RADIUS server documentation) to assign a port on the Switch to a VLAN based on IEEE 802.1x authentication.
Page 195: Attributes Used For Authentication
23.3.1 Attributes Used for Authentication The following sections list the attributes sent from the Switch to the RADIUS server when performing authentication. 23.3.1.1 Attributes Used for Authenticating Privilege Access User-Name - the format of the User-Name attribute is $enab#$, where # is the privilege level (1~14) User-Password NAS-Identifier...
Page 196: Table 68 Radius Attributes - Exec Events Via Console
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting 23.3.2.2 Attributes Used for Accounting Exec Events The attributes are listed in the following table along with the time that they are sent (the difference between Console and Telnet/SSH Exec events is that the Telnet/SSH events utilize the Calling-Station-Id attribute): Table 68 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ATTRIBUTE...
Page 197 Table 70 RADIUS Attributes - Exec Events via Console ATTRIBUTE NAS-Port-Type Acct-Status-Type Acct-Delay-Time Acct-Session-Id Acct-Authentic Acct-Input-Octets Acct-Output-Octets Acct-Session-Time Acct-Input-Packets Acct-Output-Packets Acct-Terminate-Cause Acct-Input-Gigawords Acct-Output-Gigawords ES-3148 User’s Guide Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting START INTERIM-UPDATE STOP...
Page 198 Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 199: Ip Source Guard
H A P T E R Use IP source guard to filter unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network. 24.1 IP Source Guard Overview IP source guard uses a binding table to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network. A binding contains these key attributes: •...
Page 200: Figure 98 Dhcp Snooping Database File Format
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard Trusted ports are connected to DHCP servers or other switches. The Switch discards DHCP packets from trusted ports only if the rate at which DHCP packets arrive is too high. The Switch learns dynamic bindings from trusted ports. The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.
Page 201: Arp Inspection Overview
24.1.1.3 DHCP Relay Option 82 Information The Switch can add information to DHCP requests that it does not discard. This provides the DHCP server more information about the source of the requests. The Switch can add the following information: • Slot ID (1 byte), port ID (1 byte), and source VLAN ID (2 bytes) •...
Page 202 Chapter 24 IP Source Guard 24.1.2.1 ARP Inspection and MAC Address Filters When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet.
Page 203: Ip Source Guard
24.2 IP Source Guard Use this screen to look at the current bindings for DHCP snooping and ARP inspection. Bindings are used by DHCP snooping and ARP inspection to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized packets in the network. The Switch learns the bindings by snooping DHCP packets (dynamic bindings) and from information provided manually by administrators (static bindings).
Page 204: Figure 101 Advanced Application > Ip Source Guard > Static Binding
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard Figure 101 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > Static Binding The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 72 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > Static Binding LABEL MAC Address IP Address VLAN Port Cancel...
Page 205: Dhcp Snooping
24.4 DHCP Snooping Use this screen to look at various statistics about the DHCP snooping database. To open this screen, click Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping. Figure 102 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping ES-3148 User’s Guide Chapter 24 IP Source Guard...
Page 206: Table 73 Advanced Application > Ip Source Guard > Dhcp Snooping
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 73 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping LABEL Database Status Agent URL Write delay timer Abort timer Agent running Delay timer expiry Abort timer expiry Last succeeded time Last failed time...
Page 207 Table 73 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping (continued) LABEL Successful writes Failed writes Database detail First successful access Last ignored bindings counters Binding collisions Invalid interfaces Parse failures Expired leases Unsupported vlans Last ignored time Total ignored bindings counters Binding collisions Invalid interfaces...
Page 208: Dhcp Snooping Configure
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard 24.5 DHCP Snooping Configure Use this screen to enable DHCP snooping on the Switch (not on specific VLAN), specify the VLAN where the default DHCP server is located, and configure the DHCP snooping database. The DHCP snooping database stores the current bindings on a secure, external TFTP server so that they are still available after a restart.
Page 209: Dhcp Snooping Port Configure
Table 74 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > Configure LABEL Database Agent URL Timeout interval Write delay interval Renew DHCP Snooping URL Apply Cancel 24.5.1 DHCP Snooping Port Configure Use this screen to specify whether ports are trusted or untrusted ports for DHCP snooping. The Switch will drop all DHCP requests if you enable DHCP snooping and there are no trusted ports.
Page 210: Figure 104 Advanced Application > Ip Source Guard > Dhcp Snooping > Configure > Port
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard Figure 104 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > Configure > Port The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 75 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > DHCP Snooping > Configure > Port LABEL Port Server Trusted state...
Page 211: Dhcp Snooping Vlan Configure
24.5.2 DHCP Snooping VLAN Configure Use this screen to enable DHCP snooping on each VLAN and to specify whether or not the Switch adds DHCP relay agent option 82 information requests that the Switch relays to a DHCP server for each VLAN. To open this screen, click Advanced Application >...
Page 212: Arp Inspection Status
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard 24.6 ARP Inspection Status Use this screen to look at the current list of MAC address filters that were created because the Switch identified an unauthorized ARP packet. When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet.
Page 213: Arp Inspection Log Status
Figure 107 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > VLAN Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 78 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > VLAN Status LABEL Show VLAN range Enabled VLAN Selected VLAN Apply...
Page 214: Figure 108 Advanced Application > Ip Source Guard > Arp Inspection > Log Status
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard Figure 108 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Log Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 79 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Log Status LABEL Clearing log status table Total number of logs...
Page 215: Arp Inspection Configure
24.7 ARP Inspection Configure Use this screen to enable ARP inspection on the Switch. You can also configure the length of time the Switch stores records of discarded ARP packets and global settings for the ARP inspection log. To open this screen, click Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection >...
Page 216: Arp Inspection Port Configure
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard Table 80 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Configure (continued) LABEL Syslog rate Log interval Apply Cancel 24.7.1 ARP Inspection Port Configure Use this screen to specify whether ports are trusted or untrusted ports for ARP inspection. To open this screen, click Advanced Application >...
Page 217: Arp Inspection Vlan Configure
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 81 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Configure > Port LABEL Port Trusted State Limit Rate (pps) Burst interval (seconds) Apply Cancel 24.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure Use this screen to enable ARP inspection on each VLAN and to specify when the Switch generates log messages for receiving ARP packets from each VLAN.
Page 218: Table 82 Advanced Application > Ip Source Guard > Arp Inspection > Configure > Vlan
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 82 Advanced Application > IP Source Guard > ARP Inspection > Configure > VLAN LABEL VLAN Start VID End VID Apply Enabled Apply Cancel DESCRIPTION Use this section to specify the VLANs you want to manage in the section below.
Page 219: Loop Guard
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure the Switch to guard against loops on the edge of your network. 25.1 Loop Guard Overview Loop guard allows you to configure the Switch to shut down a port if it detects that packets sent out on that port loop back to the Switch.
Page 220: Figure 113 Switch In Loop State
Chapter 25 Loop Guard The following figure shows port N on switch A connected to switch B. Switch B is in loop state. When broadcast or multicast packets leave port N and reach switch B, they are sent back to port N on A as they are rebroadcast from B. Figure 113 Switch in Loop State The loop guard feature checks to see if a loop guard enabled port is connected to a switch in loop state.
Page 221: Loop Guard Setup
After resolving the loop problem on your network you can re-activate the disabled port via the web configurator (see commands (see the CLI Reference Guide 25.2 Loop Guard Setup Click Advanced Application > Loop Guard in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown.
Page 222 Chapter 25 Loop Guard Table 83 Advanced Application > Loop Guard (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable the loop guard feature on this port. The Switch sends probe packets from this port to check if the Switch it is connected to is in loop state. If the Switch that this port is connected is in loop state the Switch will shut down this port.
Page 223: Static Routing
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure static routes. 26.1 Configuring Static Routing The Switch uses IP for communication with management computers, for example using HTTP, telnet, SSH, or SNMP. Use IP static routes to have the Switch respond to remote management stations that are not reachable through the default gateway.
Page 224 Chapter 26 Static Routing Table 84 IP Application > Static Routing (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Gateway IP Enter the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your Address Switch that will forward the packet to the destination. The gateway must be a router on the same segment as your Switch.
Page 225: Differentiated Services
H A P T E R Differentiated Services This chapter shows you how to configure Differentiated Services (DiffServ) on the Switch. 27.1 DiffServ Overview Quality of Service (QoS) is used to prioritize source-to-destination traffic flows. All packets in the flow are given the same priority. You can use CoS (class of service) to give different priorities to different packet types.
Page 226: Diffserv Network Example
Chapter 27 Differentiated Services 27.1.2 DiffServ Network Example The following figure depicts a DiffServ network consisting of a group of directly connected DiffServ-compliant network devices. The boundary node (A in network classifies (marks with a DSCP value) the incoming packets into different traffic flows (Platinum, Gold, Silver, Bronze) based on the configured marking rules.
Page 227: Trtcm - Color-Blind Mode
• Green (low loss priority level) packets are forwarded. TRTCM operates in one of two modes: color-blind or color-aware. In color-blind mode, packets are marked based on evaluating against the PIR and CIR regardless of if they have previously been marked or not. In the color-aware mode, packets are marked based on both existing color and evaluation against the PIR and CIR.
Page 228: Activating Diffserv
Chapter 27 Differentiated Services 27.3 Activating DiffServ Activate DiffServ to apply marking rules or IEEE 802.1p priority mapping on the selected port(s). Click IP Application > DiffServ in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown. Figure 122 IP Application > DiffServ The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 229: Figure 123 Ip Application > Diffserv > 2-Rate 3 Color Marker
You cannot enable both TRTCM and Bandwidth Control at the same time. Figure 123 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 86 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker LABEL DESCRIPTION Active...
Page 230: Dscp-To-Ieee 802.1P Priority Settings
Chapter 27 Differentiated Services Table 86 IP Application > DiffServ > 2-rate 3 Color Marker (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION DSCP Use this section to specify the DSCP values that you want to assign to packets based on the color they are marked via TRTCM. green Specify the DSCP value to use for packets with low packet loss priority.
Page 231: Table 88 Ip Application > Diffserv > Dscp Setting
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 88 IP Application > DiffServ > DSCP Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION 0 … 63 This is the DSCP classification identification number. To set the IEEE 802.1p priority mapping, select the priority level from the drop-down list box.
Page 232 Chapter 27 Differentiated Services ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 233: Dhcp
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how to configure the DHCP feature. 28.1 DHCP Overview DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual computers to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the Switch as a DHCP relay agent.
Page 234: Dhcp Relay
Chapter 28 DHCP Figure 125 IP Application > DHCP Status The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 89 IP Application > DHCP Status LABEL DESCRIPTION Relay Status This section displays configuration settings related to the Switch’s DHCP relay mode.
Page 235: Configuring Dhcp Global Relay
The following describes the DHCP relay information that the Switch sends to the DHCP server: Table 90 Relay Agent Information FIELD LABELS Slot ID Port ID VLAN ID Information 28.3.2 Configuring DHCP Global Relay Configure global DHCP relay in the DHCP Relay screen. Click IP Application > DHCP in the navigation panel and click the Global link to display the screen as shown.
Page 236: Global Dhcp Relay Configuration Example
Chapter 28 DHCP 28.3.3 Global DHCP Relay Configuration Example The follow figure shows a network example where the Switch is used to relay DHCP requests for the VLAN1 and VLAN2 domains. There is only one DHCP server that services the DHCP clients in both domains.
Page 237: Figure 129 Ip Application > Dhcp > Vlan
You must set up a management IP address for each VLAN that you want to configure DHCP settings for on the Switch. See information on how to do this. Figure 129 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 92 IP Application >...
Page 238: Example: Dhcp Relay For Two Vlans
Chapter 28 DHCP Table 92 IP Application > DHCP > VLAN (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Delete Select the configuration entries you want to remove and click Delete to remove them. Cancel Click Cancel to clear the Delete check boxes. 28.4.1 Example: DHCP Relay for Two VLANs The following example displays two VLANs (VIDs 1 and 2) for a campus network.
Page 239: Maintenance
H A P T E R This chapter explains how to configure the maintenance screens that let you maintain the firmware and configuration files. 29.1 The Maintenance Screen Use this screen to manage firmware and your configuration files. Click Management > Maintenance in the navigation panel to open the following screen.
Page 240: Load Factory Default
Chapter 29 Maintenance Table 93 Management > Maintenance (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Save Click Config 1 to save the current configuration settings to Configuration 1 on the Configuration Switch. Click Config 2 to save the current configuration settings to Configuration 2 on the Switch.
Page 241: Reboot System
29.4 Reboot System Reboot System allows you to restart the Switch without physically turning the power off. It also allows you to load configuration one (Config 1) or configuration two (Config 2) when you reboot. Follow the steps below to reboot the Switch. 1 In the Maintenance screen, click the Config 1 button next to Reboot System to reboot and load configuration one.
Page 242: Restore A Configuration File
Chapter 29 Maintenance 29.6 Restore a Configuration File Restore a previously saved configuration from your computer to the Switch using the Restore Configuration screen. Figure 136 Management > Maintenance > Restore Configuration Type the path and file name of the configuration file you wish to restore in the File Path text box or click Browse to locate it.
Page 243: Ftp Command Line
29.8 FTP Command Line This section shows some examples of uploading to or downloading files from the Switch using FTP commands. First, understand the filename conventions. 29.8.1 Filename Conventions The configuration file (also known as the romfile or ROM) contains the factory default settings in the screens such as password, Switch setup, IP Setup, and so on.
Page 244: Gui-Based Ftp Clients
Chapter 29 Maintenance 5 Enter to set transfer mode to binary. 6 Use to transfer files from the computer to the Switch, for example, firmware.bin ras Switch and renames it to “ras”. Similarly, configuration file on your computer (config.cfg) to the Switch and renames it to “config”.
Page 245: Access Control
H A P T E R This chapter describes how to control access to the Switch. 30.1 Access Control Overview A console port and FTP are allowed one session each, Telnet and SSH share four sessions, up to five Web sessions (five different user names and passwords) and/or limitless SNMP access control sessions are allowed.
Page 246: About Snmp
Chapter 30 Access Control 30.3 About SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application layer protocol used to manage and monitor TCP/IP-based devices. SNMP is used to exchange management information between the network management system (NMS) and a network element (NE). A manager station can manage and monitor the Switch through the network via SNMP version one (SNMPv1), SNMP version 2c or SNMP version 3.
Page 247: Snmp V3 And Security
30.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security SNMP v3 enhances security for SNMP management. SNMP managers can be required to authenticate with agents before conducting SNMP management sessions. Security can be further enhanced by encrypting the SNMP messages sent from the managers. Encryption protects the contents of the SNMP messages.
Page 248: Table 99 Snmp Interface Traps
Chapter 30 Access Control Table 98 SNMP System Traps (continued) OPTION OBJECT LABEL voltage VoltageEventOn VoltageEventClear reset UncontrolledResetEventOn ControlledResetEventOn RebootEvent timesync RTCNotUpdatedEventOn RTCNotUpdatedEventClear intrusionloc IntrusionLockEventOn loopguard LoopguardEventOn Table 99 SNMP Interface Traps OPTION OBJECT LABEL linkup linkUp LinkDownEventClear linkdown linkDown LinkDownEventOn autonegotiation AutonegotiationFailedEventO AutonegotiationFailedEventC...
Page 249: Table 100 Aaa Traps
Table 100 AAA Traps OPTION OBJECT LABEL authentication authenticationFailure AuthenticationFailureEventO RADIUSNotReachableEvent RADIUSNotReachableEvent Clear accounting RADIUSNotReachableEvent RADIUSNotReachableEvent Clear Table 101 SNMP IP Traps OPTION OBJECT LABEL ping pingProbeFailed pingTestFailed pingTestCompleted traceroute traceRoutePathChange traceRouteTestFailed traceRouteTestCompleted ES-3148 User’s Guide OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.5 This trap is sent when authentication fails due to incorrect user name and/or password.
Page 250: Configuring Snmp
Chapter 30 Access Control Table 102 SNMP Switch Traps OPTION OBJECT LABEL STPNewRoot MRSTPNewRoot MSTPNewRoot STPTopologyChange MRSTPTopologyChange MSTPTopologyChange mactable MacTableFullEventOn MacTableFullEventClear rmon RmonRisingAlarm RmonFallingAlarm 30.3.4 Configuring SNMP From the Access Control screen, display the SNMP screen. You can click Access Control to go back to the Access Control screen.
Page 251: Figure 140 Management > Access Control > Snmp
Figure 140 Management > Access Control > SNMP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 103 Management > Access Control > SNMP LABEL DESCRIPTION General Setting Use this section to specify the SNMP version and community (password) values. Version Select the SNMP version for the Switch.
Page 252: Configuring Snmp Trap Group
Chapter 30 Access Control Table 103 Management > Access Control > SNMP (continued) LABEL Username User Information Index Username Security Level Authentication Privacy Apply Cancel 30.3.5 Configuring SNMP Trap Group From the SNMP screen, click Trap Group to view the screen as shown. Use the Trap Group screen to specify the types of SNMP traps that should be sent to each SNMP manager.
Page 253: Setting Up Login Accounts
Figure 141 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 104 Management > Access Control > SNMP > Trap Group LABEL DESCRIPTION Trap Destination Select one of your configured trap destination IP addresses. These are the IP addresses of the SNMP managers.
Page 254: Figure 142 Management > Access Control > Logins
Chapter 30 Access Control • A non-administrator (username is something other than admin) is someone who can view but not configure Switch settings. Click Management > Access Control > Logins to view the screen as shown. Figure 142 Management > Access Control > Logins The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Page 255: Ssh Overview
30.4 SSH Overview Unlike Telnet or FTP, which transmit data in clear text, SSH (Secure Shell) is a secure communication protocol that combines authentication and data encryption to provide secure encrypted communication between two hosts over an unsecured network. Figure 143 SSH Communication Example 30.5 How SSH works The following table summarizes how a secure connection is established between two remote hosts.
Page 256: Ssh Implementation On The Switch
Chapter 30 Access Control 2 Encryption Method Once the identification is verified, both the client and server must agree on the type of encryption method to use. 3 Authentication and Data Transmission After the identification is verified and data encryption activated, a secure tunnel is established between the client and the server.
Page 257: Https Example
Figure 145 HTTPS Implementation If you disable HTTP in the Service Access Control screen, then the Switch blocks all HTTP connection attempts. 30.8 HTTPS Example If you haven’t changed the default HTTPS port on the Switch, then in your browser enter “https://Switch IP Address/”...
Page 258: Netscape Navigator Warning Messages
Chapter 30 Access Control 30.8.2 Netscape Navigator Warning Messages When you attempt to access the Switch HTTPS server, a Website Certified by an Unknown Authority screen pops up asking if you trust the server certificate. Click Examine Certificate if you want to verify that the certificate is from the Switch. If Accept this certificate temporarily for this session is selected, then click OK to continue in Netscape.
Page 259: Service Port Access Control
Figure 149 Example: Lock Denoting a Secure Connection 30.9 Service Port Access Control Service Access Control allows you to decide what services you may use to access the Switch. You may also change the default service port and configure “trusted computer(s)” for each service in the Remote Management screen (discussed later).
Page 260: Remote Management
Chapter 30 Access Control The following table describes the fields in this screen. Table 106 Management > Access Control > Service Access Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Services Services you may use to access the Switch are listed here. Active Select this option for the corresponding services that you want to allow to access the Switch.
Page 261 Table 107 Management > Access Control > Remote Management (continued) LABEL DESCRIPTION Telnet/FTP/ Select services that may be used for managing the Switch from the specified trusted HTTP/ICMP/ computers. SNMP/SSH/ HTTPS Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory. The Switch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power, so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
Page 262 Chapter 30 Access Control ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 263: Diagnostic
H A P T E R This chapter explains the Diagnostic screen. 31.1 Diagnostic Click Management > Diagnostic in the navigation panel to open this screen. Use this screen to check system logs, ping IP addresses or perform port tests. Figure 152 Management >...
Page 264 Chapter 31 Diagnostic ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 265: Syslog
H A P T E R This chapter explains the syslog screens. 32.1 Syslog Overview The syslog protocol allows devices to send event notification messages across an IP network to syslog servers that collect the event messages. A syslog-enabled device can generate a syslog message and send it to a syslog server.
Page 266: Syslog Server Setup
Chapter 32 Syslog Figure 153 Management > Syslog The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 110 Management > Syslog LABEL Syslog Logging Type Active Facility Apply Cancel 32.3 Syslog Server Setup Click Management > Syslog > Syslog Server Setup to open the following screen. Use this screen to configure a list of external syslog servers.
Page 267: Figure 154 Management > Syslog > Server Setup
Figure 154 Management > Syslog > Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 111 Management > Syslog > Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to have the device send logs to this syslog server. Clear the check box if you want to create a syslog server entry but not have the device send logs to it (you can edit the entry later).
Page 268 Chapter 32 Syslog ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 269: Cluster Management
H A P T E R This chapter introduces cluster management. 33.1 Clustering Management Status Overview Cluster Management allows you to manage switches through one switch, called the cluster manager. The switches must be directly connected and be in the same VLAN group so as to be able to communicate with one another.
Page 270: Cluster Management Status
Chapter 33 Cluster Management Figure 155 Clustering Application Example 33.2 Cluster Management Status Click Management > Cluster Management in the navigation panel to display the following screen. A cluster can only have one manager. Figure 156 Management > Cluster Management ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 271: Cluster Member Switch Management
The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 113 Management > Cluster Management LABEL DESCRIPTION Status This field displays the role of this Switch within the cluster. Manager Member (you see this if you access this screen in the cluster member switch directly and not via the cluster manager) None (neither a manager nor a member of a cluster) Manager...
Page 272: Clustering Management Configuration
Chapter 33 Cluster Management 33.2.1.1 Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch You can use FTP to upload firmware to a cluster member switch through the cluster manager switch as shown in the following example. Figure 158 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Cluster Member Switch C:\>ftp 192.168.1.1 Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Page 273: Figure 159 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration
Figure 159 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 115 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Clustering Manager Active Select Active to have this Switch become the cluster manager switch. A cluster can only have one manager.
Page 274 Chapter 33 Cluster Management Table 115 Management > Clustering Management > Configuration (continued) LABEL Apply Cancel Clustering Candidate List Password Cancel Refresh The next summary table shows the information for the clustering members configured. Index MacAddr Name Model Remove Cancel DESCRIPTION Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory.
Page 275: Mac Table
H A P T E R This chapter introduces the MAC Table screen. 34.1 MAC Table Overview The MAC Table screen (a MAC table is also known as a filtering database) shows how frames are forwarded or filtered across the Switch’s ports. It shows what device MAC address, belonging to what VLAN group (if any) is forwarded to which port(s) and whether the MAC address is dynamic (learned by the Switch) or static (manually entered in the Static MAC Forwarding screen).
Page 276: Viewing The Mac Table
Chapter 34 MAC Table 34.2 Viewing the MAC Table Click Management > MAC Table in the navigation panel to display the following screen. Figure 161 Management > MAC Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 116 Management > MAC Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Sort by...
Page 277: Arp Table
H A P T E R This chapter introduces ARP Table. 35.1 ARP Table Overview Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC address, on the local area network.
Page 278: Figure 162 Management > Arp Table
Chapter 35 ARP Table Figure 162 Management > ARP Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 117 Management > ARP Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the ARP Table entry number. IP Address This is the learned IP address of a device connected to a Switch port with corresponding MAC address below.
Page 279: Configure Clone
H A P T E R This chapter shows you how you can copy the settings of one port onto other ports. 36.1 Configure Clone Cloning allows you to copy the basic and advanced settings from a source port to a destination port or ports.
Page 280: Table 118 Management > Configure Clone
Chapter 36 Configure Clone The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 118 Management > Configure Clone LABEL DESCRIPTION Source/ Enter the source port under the Source label. This port’s attributes are copied. Destination Enter the destination port or ports under the Destination label. These are the ports Port which are going to have the same attributes as the source port.
Page 281: Troubleshooting And Specifications
Troubleshooting and Specifications Troubleshooting (283) Product Specifications (287)
Page 283: Troubleshooting
H A P T E R This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories. • Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs • Switch Access and Login 37.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs The Switch does not turn on.
Page 284: Switch Access And Login
Chapter 37 Troubleshooting 37.2 Switch Access and Login I forgot the IP address for the Switch. 1 The default out-of-band management IP address is 192.168.0.1. The default in-band management IP address is 192.168.1.1. 2 Use the console port to log in to the Switch. 3 Use the management port to log in to the Switch.
Page 285 7 If the problem continues, contact the vendor. I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the Switch. 1 Make sure you have entered the user name and password correctly. The default user name is admin, and the default password is 1234. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on.
Page 286 Chapter 37 Troubleshooting ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 287: Product Specifications
H A P T E R Product Specifications This chapter gives details about your Switch’s hardware and firmware features. 38.1 General Switch Specifications The following tables summarize the Switch’s hardware and firmware features. Table 119 Hardware and Environmental Specifications SPECIFICATION Ethernet Interface Gigabit Interface LEDs...
Page 288: Table 120 Feature Specifications
Chapter 38 Product Specifications Table 120 Feature Specifications FEATURE Layer 2 Bridging Switching VLAN Port Aggregation Port mirroring All ports support port mirroring Bandwidth control Layer 3 IP Capability Routing protocols IP services Security DESCRIPTION 16K MAC addresses Static MAC address filtering (port lock) Broadcast storm control Limited maximum number of MAC addresses per port Switching fabric: 13.6Gbps, non-blocking...
Page 289: Table 121 Standards Supported
Table 120 Feature Specifications (continued) FEATURE Management System Control Network Management The following list, which is not exhaustive, illustrates the standards supported in the Switch. Table 121 Standards Supported STANDARD RFC 826 RFC 867 RFC 868 RFC 894 RFC 1112 RFC 1155 RFC 1157 RFC 1213...
Page 290 Chapter 38 Product Specifications Table 121 Standards Supported (continued) STANDARD RFC 1757 RFC 1901 RFC 2011 RFC 2012 RFC 2013 RFC 2131 RFC 2132 RFC 2138 RFC 2139 RFC 2236 RFC 2475 RFC 2674 RFC 2698 RFC 2865 RFC 2866 RFC 2869 RFC 3046 RFC 3164...
Page 291: Cable Pin Assignments
38.2 Cable Pin Assignments In a serial communications connection, generally a computer is DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and a modem is DCE (Data Circuit-terminating Equipment). The Switch is DCE when you connect a computer to the console port. The Switch is DTE when you connect a modem to the dial backup port.
Page 292 Chapter 38 Product Specifications Table 123 Ethernet Cable Pin Assignments WAN / LAN ETHERNET CABLE PIN LAYOUT 1 IRD + 2 IRD - 3 OTD 6 OTD - 1 OTD 1 IRD + 2 OTD - 2 IRD - 3 IRD + 3 OTD + 6 IRD - 6 OTD -...
Page 293: Appendices And Index
Appendices and Index The appendices provide general information. Some details may not apply to your Switch. Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address (295) Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions (317) IP Addresses and Subnetting (325) Common Services (335) Importing Certificates (339) Legal Information (345) Customer Support (349) Index (355)
Page 295: Appendix A Setting Up Your Computer's Ip Address
P P E N D I X Setting up Your Computer’s IP All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP/Vista, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/ IP on your computer.
Page 296: Figure 165 Windows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 165 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration Installing Components The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need the adapter: 1 In the Network window, click Add.
Page 297: Figure 166 Windows 95/98/Me: Tcp/Ip Properties: Ip Address
Configuring 1 In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click Properties 2 Click the IP Address tab. • If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically. • If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields.
Page 298: Figure 167 Windows 95/98/Me: Tcp/Ip Properties: Dns Configuration
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 167 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration 4 Click the Gateway tab. • If you do not know your gateway’s IP address, remove previously installed gateways. • If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add. 5 Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window.
Page 299: Figure 168 Windows Xp: Start Menu
Figure 168 Windows XP: Start Menu 2 In the Control Panel, double-click Network Connections (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000/NT). Figure 169 Windows XP: Control Panel 3 Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties. ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address...
Page 300: Figure 170 Windows Xp: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 170 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties 4 Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and then click Properties. Figure 171 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties 5 The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP).
Page 301: Figure 172 Windows Xp: Internet Protocol (Tcp/Ip) Properties
Figure 172 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK. Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses: •...
Page 302: Figure 173 Windows Xp: Advanced Tcp/Ip Properties
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 173 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties 7 In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP): • Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es).
Page 303: Figure 174 Windows Xp: Internet Protocol (Tcp/Ip) Properties
Figure 174 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 8 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. 9 Click Close (OK in Windows 2000/NT) to close the Local Area Connection Properties window. 10 Close the Network Connections window (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000/NT).
Page 304: Figure 175 Windows Vista: Start Menu
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 175 Windows Vista: Start Menu 2 In the Control Panel, double-click Network and Internet. Figure 176 Windows Vista: Control Panel 3 Click Network and Sharing Center. Figure 177 Windows Vista: Network And Internet 4 Click Manage network connections.
Page 305: Figure 179 Windows Vista: Network And Sharing Center
5 Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties. During this procedure, click Continue whenever Windows displays a screen saying that it needs your permission to continue. Figure 179 Windows Vista: Network and Sharing Center 6 Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) and click Properties. Figure 180 Windows Vista: Local Area Connection Properties ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address...
Page 306: Figure 181 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (Tcp/Ipv4) Properties
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address 7 The Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties window opens (the General tab). • If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically. • If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP address and fill in the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields.
Page 307: Figure 182 Windows Vista: Advanced Tcp/Ip Properties
Figure 182 Windows Vista: Advanced TCP/IP Properties 9 In the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties window, (the General tab): • Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es). • If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server fields.
Page 308: Figure 183 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (Tcp/Ipv4) Properties
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 183 Windows Vista: Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties 10 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties window. 11 Click Close to close the Local Area Connection Properties window. 12 Close the Network Connections window.
Page 309: Figure 184 Macintosh Os 8/9: Apple Menu
Figure 184 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu 2 Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list. Figure 185 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP 3 For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list. 4 For statically assigned settings, do the following: •...
Page 310: Figure 186 Macintosh Os X: Apple Menu
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address • Type your IP address in the IP Address box. • Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. • Type the IP address of your Switch in the Router address box. 5 Close the TCP/IP Control Panel.
Page 311: Figure 187 Macintosh Os X: Network
Figure 187 Macintosh OS X: Network 4 For statically assigned settings, do the following: • From the Configure box, select Manually. • Type your IP address in the IP Address box. • Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. •...
Page 312: Figure 188 Red Hat 9.0: Kde: Network Configuration: Devices
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Make sure you are logged in as the root administrator. Using the K Desktop Environment (KDE) Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address using the KDE. 1 Click the Red Hat button (located on the bottom left corner), select System Setting and click Network.
Page 313: Figure 190 Red Hat 9.0: Kde: Network Configuration: Dns
• If you have a dynamic IP address, click Automatically obtain IP address settings with and select dhcp from the drop down list. • If you have a static IP address, click Statically set IP Addresses and fill in the Address, Subnet mask, and Default Gateway Address fields.
Page 314: Figure 192 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic Ip Address Setting In Ifconfig-Eth0
Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address Figure 192 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=dhcp USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet • If you have a static IP address, enter = followed by the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) and type IPADDR followed by the subnet mask.
Page 315: Figure 196 Red Hat 9.0: Checking Tcp/Ip Properties
Verifying Settings Enter in a terminal screen to check your TCP/IP properties. ifconfig Figure 196 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties [root@localhost]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet inet addr:172.23.19.129 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST RX packets:717 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:730412 (713.2 Kb) Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1000...
Page 316 Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 317: Appendix B Pop-Up Windows, Javascripts And Java Permissions
P P E N D I X Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions In order to use the web configurator you need to allow: • Web browser pop-up windows from your device. • JavaScripts (enabled by default). • Java permissions (enabled by default). Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here.
Page 318: Figure 198 Internet Options: Privacy
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 2 Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen. This disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled. Figure 198 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Click Apply to save this setting. Enable Pop-up Blockers with Exceptions Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps.
Page 319: Figure 199 Internet Options: Privacy
Figure 199 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.167.1. 4 Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites. Figure 200 Pop-up Blocker Settings ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions...
Page 320: Figure 201 Internet Options: Security
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 5 Click Close to return to the Privacy screen. 6 Click Apply to save this setting. JavaScripts If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that JavaScripts are allowed.
Page 321: Figure 202 Security Settings - Java Scripting
Figure 202 Security Settings - Java Scripting Java Permissions 1 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab. 2 Click the Custom Level... button. 3 Scroll down to Microsoft VM. 4 Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected. 5 Click OK to close the window.
Page 322: Figure 204 Java (Sun)
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions JAVA (Sun) 1 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Advanced tab. 2 Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is selected. 3 Click OK to close the window. Figure 204 Java (Sun) Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox 2.0 screens are used here.
Page 323: Figure 205 Mozilla Firefox: Tools > Options
Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions Figure 205 Mozilla Firefox: Tools > Options Click Content to show the screen below. Select the check boxes as shown in the following screen. Figure 206 Mozilla Firefox Content Security ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 324 Appendix B Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 325: Appendix C Ip Addresses And Subnetting
P P E N D I X IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network.
Page 326: Figure 207 Network Number And Host Id
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Figure 207 Network Number and Host ID How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask. Subnet Masks A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation).
Page 327: Table 125 Subnet Masks
Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks. Table 125 Subnet Masks BINARY OCTET 8-bit mask 11111111 16-bit mask 11111111 24-bit mask 11111111...
Page 328: Figure 208 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 127 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation (continued) SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Subnetting You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons.
Page 329: Figure 209 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting
Figure 209 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 2 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’s address itself, all ones is the subnet’s broadcast address).
Page 330: Table 129 Subnet 2
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 129 Subnet 2 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) Subnet Address: 192.168.1.64 Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.127 Table 130 Subnet 3 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) Subnet Address: 192.168.1.128 Broadcast Address:...
Page 331: Table 133 24-Bit Network Number Subnet Planning
Table 132 Eight Subnets (continued) SUBNET SUBNET ADDRESS Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number. Table 133 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16-bit network number.
Page 332: Configuring Ip Addresses
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 134 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning (continued) NO. “BORROWED” HOST BITS Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
Page 333: Figure 210 Conflicting Computer Ip Addresses Example
IP Address Conflicts Each device on a network must have a unique IP address. Devices with duplicate IP addresses on the same network will not be able to access the Internet or other resources. The devices may also be unreachable through the network. Conflicting Computer IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP address.
Page 334: Figure 212 Conflicting Computer And Router Ip Addresses Example
Appendix C IP Addresses and Subnetting Conflicting Computer and Router IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP address. In the following example, the computer and the router’s LAN port both use 192.168.1.1 as the IP address. The computer cannot access the Internet.
Page 335: Appendix D Common Services
P P E N D I X The following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated protocols and port numbers. For a comprehensive list of port numbers, ICMP type/code numbers and services, visit the IANA (Internet Assigned Number Authority) web site. •...
Page 336 Appendix D Common Services Table 135 Commonly Used Services (continued) NAME H.323 HTTP HTTPS ICMP IGMP (MULTICAST) MSN Messenger NEW-ICQ NEWS NNTP PING POP3 PPTP PPTP_TUNNEL (GRE) RCMD REAL_AUDIO REXEC RLOGIN RTELNET PROTOCOL PORT(S) DESCRIPTION File Transfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail.
Page 337 Table 135 Commonly Used Services (continued) NAME PROTOCOL RTSP TCP/UDP SFTP SMTP SNMP TCP/UDP SNMP-TRAPS TCP/UDP SQL-NET TCP/UDP STRM WORKS SYSLOG TACACS TELNET TFTP VDOLIVE ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix D Common Services PORT(S) DESCRIPTION The Real Time Streaming (media control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet.
Page 338 Appendix D Common Services ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 339: Appendix E Importing Certificates
P P E N D I X Importing Certificates This appendix shows importing certificates examples using Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer 5. This appendix uses the ZyWALL 70 as an example. Other models should be similar. Import Switch Certificates into Netscape Navigator In Netscape Navigator, you can permanently trust the Switch’s server certificate by importing it into your operating system as a trusted certification authority.
Page 340: Figure 214 Login Screen
Appendix E Importing Certificates Figure 214 Login Screen 2 Click Install Certificate to open the Install Certificate wizard. Figure 215 Certificate General Information before Import 3 Click Next to begin the Install Certificate wizard. ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 341: Figure 216 Certificate Import Wizard 1
Figure 216 Certificate Import Wizard 1 4 Select where you would like to store the certificate and then click Next. Figure 217 Certificate Import Wizard 2 5 Click Finish to complete the Import Certificate wizard. ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix E Importing Certificates...
Page 342: Figure 218 Certificate Import Wizard 3
Appendix E Importing Certificates Figure 218 Certificate Import Wizard 3 6 Click Yes to add the Switch certificate to the root store. Figure 219 Root Certificate Store ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 343: Figure 220 Certificate General Information After Import
Appendix E Importing Certificates Figure 220 Certificate General Information after Import ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 344 Appendix E Importing Certificates ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 346 Appendix F Legal Information FCC Warning This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Page 347 condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Page 348 Appendix F Legal Information ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 349: Appendix G Customer Support
• Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.com.tw • Telephone: +886-3-578-3942 • Fax: +886-3-578-2439 • Web: www.zyxel.com, www.europe.zyxel.com • FTP: ftp.zyxel.com, ftp.europe.zyxel.com • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science Park, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Costa Rica • Support E-mail: soporte@zyxel.co.cr • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.co.cr •...
Page 350 Appendix G Customer Support • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications, Czech s.r.o., Modranská 621, 143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany, Ceská Republika Denmark • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.dk • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.dk • Telephone: +45-39-55-07-00 • Fax: +45-39-55-07-07 • Web: www.zyxel.dk • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Columbusvej, 2860 Soeborg, Denmark Finland •...
Page 351 India • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.in • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.in • Telephone: +91-11-30888144 to +91-11-30888153 • Fax: +91-11-30888149, +91-11-26810715 • Web: http://www.zyxel.in • Regular Mail: India - ZyXEL Technology India Pvt Ltd., II-Floor, F2/9 Okhla Phase -1, New Delhi 110020, India Japan •...
Page 352 Appendix G Customer Support • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications Inc., 1130 N. Miller St., Anaheim, CA 92806- 2001, U.S.A. Norway • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.no • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.no • Telephone: +47-22-80-61-80 • Fax: +47-22-80-61-81 • Web: www.zyxel.no • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications A/S, Nils Hansens vei 13, 0667 Oslo, Norway Poland •...
Page 353 • Telephone: +44-1344-303044, 08707-555779 (UK only) • Fax: +44-1344-303034 • Web: www.zyxel.co.uk • FTP: ftp.zyxel.co.uk • Regular Mail: ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd., 11 The Courtyard, Eastern Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2XB, United Kingdom (UK) ES-3148 User’s Guide Appendix G Customer Support...
Page 354 Appendix G Customer Support ES-3148 User’s Guide...
Page 355: Index
Numerics 802.1P priority access control limitations login account remote management service port SNMP accounting setup address learning, MAC 93, 95 Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) administrator password aggregator ID 133, 134 aging time alternative subnet mask notation how it works viewing ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) ARP inspection 199, 201...
Page 356 Index backup restore 59, 242 saving configuration, saving connections hardware console port settings contact information copying port settings, See port cloning copyright CPU management port current date current time customer support daylight saving time DHCP configuration options modes relay agent relay example setup DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Page 357 GBIC ports 34, 44 general features general setup getting help GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) GVRP 86, 91 and port assignment GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol) hardware connections front panel installation installation precautions mounting brackets overview rack-mounting rubber feet transceivers 44, 45 hardware monitor hello time hops...
Page 358 Index MAC (Media Access Control) MAC address 74, 277 maximum number per port MAC address learning 78, 93, 95, 103, 146 specify limit MAC authentication aging time MAC filter and ARP inspection MAC table how it works viewing maintenance configuration backup current configuration firmware main screen...
Page 359 and DiffServ configuration example overview rules 155, 156 viewing policy configuration port authentication and RADIUS IEEE802.1x 141, 142, 188, 190 MAC authentication port based VLAN type port cloning 279, 280 advanced settings 279, 280 basic settings 279, 280 port details port isolation 91, 101 port mirroring...
Page 360 Index save configuration 58, 240 screen summary Secure Shell See SSH security service access control service port Simple Network Management Protocol, see SNMP SNMP 36, 246 agent and MIB authentication communities management model manager network components object variables protocol operations security setup traps...
Page 361 transceiver installation removal traps destination TRTCM and bandwidth control and DiffServ color-aware mode color-blind mode setup trunk group trunking 131, 288 example trusted ports ARP inspection DHCP snooping Tunnel Protocol Attribute, and RADIUS Two Rate Three Color Marker (TRTCM) Two Rate Three Color Marker, see TRTCM Type of Service (ToS) untrusted ports ARP inspection...
Page 362 Index ES-3148 User’s Guide...

This manual is also suitable for:

Es-3124pwr/es-3148

ZyXEL Communications ES-3148 Series User Manual

Chapter 1 Introducing the Switch

Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection

Chapter 3 Hardware Overview

Chapter 4 The Web Configurator

Chapter 5 Initial Setup Example

Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics

Chapter 7 Basic Setting

Chapter 8 VLAN

Chapter 9 Static MAC Forward Setup

Chapter 10 Filtering

Chapter 11 Spanning Tree Protocol

Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control

Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control

Chapter 14 Mirroring

Chapter 15 Link Aggregation

Chapter 16 Port Authentication

Chapter 17 Port Security

Chapter 18 Classifier

Chapter 19 Policy Rule

Chapter 20 Queuing Method

Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking

Quick Links

Troubleshooting

Related Manuals for ZyXEL Communications ES-3148 Series

Summary of Contents for ZyXEL Communications ES-3148 Series