Adobe Photoshop CS6 User Manual page 390

If you chose Distort, drag a corner handle to stretch the bounding box.
If you chose Perspective, drag a corner handle to apply perspective to the bounding box.
If you chose Warp, choose a warp from the Warp Style pop-up menu in the options bar, or to perform a custom warp, drag the control
points, a line, or an area within the mesh to change the shape of the bounding box and mesh.
For all types of transformations, enter a value in the options bar. For example, to rotate an item, specify degrees in the rotation
box.
5. (Optional) If desired, switch to a different type of transformation by selecting a command from the Edit > Transform submenu.
Note: When you transform a bitmap image (versus a shape or path), the image becomes slightly less sharp each time you commit a
transformation; therefore, performing multiple commands before applying the cumulative transformation is preferable to applying each
transformation separately.
6. (Optional) If you want to warp the image, click the Switch Between Free Transform And Warp Mode button
7. When you finish, do one of the following:
Press Enter (Windows) or Return (Mac OS), click the Commit button
marquee.
To cancel the transformation, press Esc or click the Cancel button
Flip or rotate precisely
1. Select what you want to transform.
2. Choose Edit > Transform and choose one of the following commands from the submenu:
Rotate to specify degrees in the options bar
Rotate 180° to rotate by a half-turn
Rotate 90° CW to rotate clockwise by a quarter-turn
Rotate 90° CCW to rotate counterclockwise by a quarter-turn
Flip Horizontal to flip horizontally, along the vertical axis
Flip Vertical to flip vertically, along the horizontal axis
Note: If you are transforming a shape or entire path, the Transform command becomes the Transform Path command. If you are
transforming multiple path segments (but not the entire path), the Transform command becomes the Transform Points command.
Repeat a transformation
Choose Edit > Transform > Again, Edit > Transform Path > Again, or Edit > Transform Points > Again.
Duplicate an item when transforming it
Hold down Alt (Windows) or Option (Mac OS) when selecting the Transform command.
Transform freely
The Free Transform command lets you apply transformations (rotate, scale, skew, distort, and perspective) in one continuous operation. You can
also apply a warp transformation. Instead of choosing different commands, you simply hold down a key on your keyboard to switch between
transformation types.
Note: If you are transforming a shape or entire path, the Transform command becomes the Transform Path command. If you are transforming
multiple path segments (but not the entire path), the Transform command becomes the Transform Points command.
1. Select what you want to transform.
2. Do one of the following:
Choose Edit > Free Transform.
If you are transforming a selection, pixel-based layer, or selection border, choose the Move tool
Controls in the options bar.
If you are transforming a vector shape or path, select the Path Selection tool
in the options bar, or double-click inside the transformation
in the options bar.
. Then select Show Transform Controls in the options bar.
in the options bar.
To the top
To the top
To the top
To the top
. Then select Show Transform
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