Commodore 128D Manuals

Manuals and User Guides for Commodore 128D. We have 2 Commodore 128D manuals available for free PDF download: System Manual, User Manual

Commodore 128D System Manual

Commodore 128D System Manual (448 pages)

Brand: Commodore | Category: Desktop | Size: 7.87 MB

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

5
- Section
  6
- Chapter I - Introduction
  7
- How to Use this Guide
  9
- Chapter II - Using C128 Mode
  19
Section 3

21
- Section 3 - Getting Started in Basic
  21
- Basic Programming Language
  23
- Direct Mode
  23
- Program Mode
  23
- Using the Keyboard
  24
- Keyboard Character Sets
  25
- Using the Command Keys
  25
- Displaying Graphic Characters
  30
- Function Keys
  30
- Rules for Typing BASIC Language Programs
  31
- Getting Started - the Print Command
  32
- Printing Numbers
  32
- Using the Question Mark to Abbreviate the PRINT Command
  32
- Printing in Different Colors
  33
- Printing Text
  33
- Beginning to Program
  35
- Line Numbers
  35
- Using the Cursor Keys Inside Quotes with the PRINT Command
  35
- What a Program Is
  35
- Viewing Your Program-The LIST Command
  36
- A Simple Loop-The GOTO Statement
  37
- Clearing the Computer's Memory-The NEW Command
  38
- Using Color in a Program
  38
- Changing a Line
  39
- Duplicating a Line
  39
- Editing Your Program
  39
- Erasing a Line from a Program
  39
- Replacing a Line
  39
- Addition and Subtraction
  40
- Mathematical Operations
  40
- Exponentiation
  41
- Multiplication and Division
  41
- Order of Operations
  41
- Constants
  42
- Constants, Variables and Strings
  42
- Using Parentheses to Define the Order of Operations
  42
- Variables
  43
- Strings
  44
- Sample Program
  45
- Storing and Reusing Your Programs
  46
- Formatting a Disk-The HEADER Command
  47
- Saveing on Disk
  48
- Loading from Disk
  49
- Saveing on Cassette
  49
- Loading from Cassette
  50
- Other Disk-Related Commands
  51
Section 4

53
- Section 4 - Advanced Basic Programming
  53
- Computer Decisionsthe If-Then Statement
  55
- Using the Colon
  56
- Loops-The For-Next Command
  57
- Empty Loops-Inserting Delays in a Program
  58
- The STEP Command
  58
- Assigning a Value to a Variable
  59
- Inputting Data
  59
- The INPUT Command
  59
- Prompt Messages
  60
- The GET Command
  61
- Sample Program
  62
- The READ-DATA Command
  63
- The RESTORE Command
  64
- Subscripted Variables
  65
- Using Arrays
  65
- Dimensioning Arrays
  66
- Sample Program
  67
- Programming Subroutines
  69
- The GOSUB-RETURN Comm Ands
  69
- The on GOTO/GOSUB Commands
  69
- Using Memory lo Catio N
  70
- Using PEEK and POKE for RAM a C Ce Ss
  70
- Using PEEK
  71
- Using POKE
  71
- Basic Functions
  72
- The INTEGER Function (INT)
  72
- What Is a Function
  72
- Generating Random Numbers-The RND Function
  73
- Converting Strings and Numbers
  74
- The Absolute Value Function (ABS)
  75
- The Square Root Function (SQR)
  75
- The Stop and Cont (Continue) Commands
  75
- The STR$ Function
  75
- The VAL Function
  75
Section 5

79
- Section 5 - some Basic Commands and Keyboard Operations Unique to C128
  79
- Advanced Looping
  81
- Introduction
  81
- The DO/LOOP Statement
  81
- Until
  81
- While
  82
- Exit
  83
- The BEGIN/BEND Sequence with IF-THEN
  83
- The else Clause with IF-THEN
  83
- Formatting Output
  84
- The PRINT USING Command
  84
- The SLEEP Command
  84
- The PUDEF Command
  85
- Inputting Data with the Getkey Command
  86
- Sample Program
  86
- Auto 10
  87
- Entering Programs
  87
- Programming Aids
  87
- Delete
  88
- Renumber
  88
- Error Trapping-The TRAP Command
  89
- Help
  89
- Identifying Problems in Your Programs
  89
- Program Tracing - the TRON and TROFF Commands
  91
- Using the WINDOW Command to Create a Window
  92
- Windowing
  92
- Using the ESC Key to Create a Window
  93
- Mhz Operation
  94
- The FAST and SLOW Commands
  94
- Function Keys
  95
- Keys Unique to C128 Mode
  95
- Redefining Function Keys
  95
- Help
  96
- Other Keys Used in C128 Mode Only
  96
- 0 /80 D Is P la y
  97
- Alt
  97
- Caps Lock
  97
- Line Feed
  97
- No Scroll
  97
- Tab
  97
Section 6

99
- Section 6 - Color, Animation and Sprite Graphics
  99
- Command Summary
  101
- Graphics Features
  101
- Graphics Overview
  101
- Choosing Colors
  102
- Graphics Programming on
  102
- Types of Screen Display
  103
- Selecting the Graphic Mode
  104
- Displaying Graphics on the Screen
  106
- Drawing a Circle - the CIRCLE Command
  107
- Drawing a Box - the BOX Command
  108
- Drawing Lines Points and Other Shapes-The DRAW Command
  108
- Painting Outlined Areas-The PAINT Command
  109
- Displaying Characters on a Bit Mapped Screen-The CHAR Command
  110
- Changing the Size of Graphic Images-The SCALE Command
  112
- Sprites: Programmable Movable Object Blocks
  114
- Sprite Creation
  115
- Using Sprite Statements in a Program
  115
- Drawing the Sprite Image
  116
- Storing the Sprite Data with SSHAPE
  117
- Saving the Picture Data in a Sprite
  118
- Turning on Sprites
  118
- Moving Sprites with MOVSPR
  119
- Creating a Sprite Program
  121
- Sprite Definition Mode-The SPRDEF Command
  122
- Sprite Creation Procedure in Sprite Definition Mode
  124
- Adjoining Sprites
  126
- Storing Sprite Data in Binary Files
  131
- Bsave
  133
- Bload
  134
Section 7

135
- Section 7 - Sound and Music in C128 Mode
  135
- Introduction
  137
- The Sound Statement
  138
- Writing a SOUND Program
  139
- Random Sounds
  143
- A Brief Background: the Characteristics of Sound
  145
- Advanced Sound and Music in C128 M O de
  145
- Making Music on the Commodore 128
  147
- The ENVELOPE Statement
  147
- The TEMPO Statement
  149
- The PLAY Statement
  150
- The SID Filter
  154
- The FILTER Statement
  156
- Tying Your Music Program Together
  157
- Advanced Filtering
  158
- Coding a Song from Sheet Music
  160
Section 8

165
- Using 80 Columns
  165
  - Section 8 - Using 80 Columns
    165
- Introduction
  167
- The 40 /8 0 Key
  167
- Creating 80 Column Pr O G R a M S
  168
- Using 40 and 80 Columns Together
  168
- Using Prepackaged 80 Column Software
  168
- Chapter III - Using C64 Mode
  171
Section 9

173
- Using Basic
  175
  - Keyboard Character Sets
    175
- Moving the Cursor in C64 Mode
  176
- Programming Function Keys in C64 Mode
  176
Section 10

179
- Section 10 - Storing and Reusing Your Programs in C64 Mode
  179
- Formatting a Disk in C64 Mode
  181
- Saveing on Disk
  181
- The Save Command
  181
- Loading and Running from Cassette
  182
- Loading and Running from Disk
  182
- The Load and Run Commands
  182
- Displaying Your Disk Directory
  183
- Other Disk-Related Commands
  183
- Initializing a Disk Drive
  184
Section 11

187
- Introduction to CP/M 3.0
  187
- What You Need to Run Cp/M 3.0
  189
- Whatcp/M 3.0 Is
  189
- Ccp.com
  190
- Cp/M+.Sys
  190
- COM Files
  192
- Getting Started with Cp/M 3.0
  192
- Loading or Booting CP/M 3.0
  192
- Other Files
  192
- The Opening C P /M Screen Display
  193
- The Command Line
  194
- How CP/M Reads Command Lines
  195
- Types of Commands
  195
- Howto Copy Your Cp/M 3.0 Disk
  197
- What to Buy
  198
- How to Install It on Your C128
  200
Section 12

203
- Creating a File
  205
- What Is a File
  205
- Drive Specifier
  206
- File Specification
  206
- Filename
  206
- Filetype
  206
- Naming a File
  206
- Password
  207
- Sample File Specification
  207
- User Number
  207
- Using Wildcard Characters to Access more than One File
  208
- Reserved Characters
  209
- Reserved Filetypes
  209
Section 13

211
- Cp/M 3.0
  211
- Section 13 - Using the Console and Printer in Cp/M
  211
- Controlling Console Output
  213
- Controlling Printer Output
  213
- Console Line Editing
  214
- Using Control Characters for Line Editing
  214
Section 14

217
- Built-In Commands
  219
- Cp/M 3.0 Commands
  219
- The Two Types of C P /M 3.0 Commands
  219
- Transient Utility Commands
  220
- Redirecting Input and Output
  222
- Assigning Logical Devices
  223
- Executing Multiple Commands
  224
- Getting Help
  224
- Terminating Programs
  224
Section 15

227
- Section 15 - Commodore Enhancements to Cp/M
  227
- Keyboard Enhancements
  229
- Defining a Key
  230
- Defining a String
  230
- Screen Enhancements
  231
- Using ALT Mode
  231
Section 16

235
- Organization of Encyclopaedia
  237
- Command and Statement Format
  238
- Graphic and Sound Command Format
  240
- Disk Command Format
  241
  - Memory Map
    397
  - System Memory Map
    397

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Commodore 128D User Manual

Commodore 128D User Manual (427 pages)

Brand: Commodore | Category: Desktop | Size: 35.14 MB

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

9
- Sectjon 1-How to Use this Guide
  11
Overview of the Commodore C128 H

15
- Personal Computer
  15
- Overview of the Commodore C128
  17
- Overview of the Commodore C128 Personal Computer
  17
- C128 Mode C64Mode
  18
- CP/M Mode
  19
- Using Software
  20
- Switching between Modes
  21
- Chapter II-Using C128 Mode
  23
Getting Started

25
- Direct Mode
  27
- Program Mode
  27
- Using the Keyboard
  28
  - Keyboard Character Sets
    29
  - Using the Command Keys
    29
  - Function Keys
    35
  - Displaying Graphic Characters
    35
  - Rules for Typing BASIC Language Programs
    35
- GETTING STARTED-The PRINT COMMAND
  36
- Beginning to Program
  39
- Editing Your Program
  43
  - Erasing a Line from a Program
    43
  - Duplicating a Line
    43
  - Replacing a Line
    43
  - Changing a Line
    43
- Mathematical Operations
  44
- Constants, Variables and Strings
  46
  - Constants
    46
- Sample Program
  49
- Storing and Reusing Your Programs
  49
  - Formatting a Disk-The HEADER Command
    50
  - Saveingondisk
    52
  - Saveing on Cassette
    52
  - Loading from Disk
    53
  - Loading from Cassette
    53
  - Other Disk-Related Commands 46 U
    54
Section 4-Basic Programming

57
- COMPUTER DECISIONS-The IF-THEN Statement
  59
- Using the Colon
  60
- LOOPS-The FOR-NEXT Command
  61
  - Empty Loops-Inserting Delays in a Program
    62
  - The STEP Command
    62
- Inputting Data
  63
  - The INPUT Command
    63
    
    Assigning a Value to a Variable
    63
    
    Prompt Messages
    64
  - The GET Command
    65
  - Sample Program
    66
  - The READ-DATA Command
    67
  - The RESTORE Command
    68
  - Using Arrays
    69
    
    Subscripted Variables
    69
    
    Dimensioning Arrays
    70
    
    Sample Program
    71
- Programming Subroutines
  72
  - The GOSUB-RETURN Command
    72
  - The on GOTO/GOSUB Command
    73
- Using Memory Location
  73
  - Using PEEK and POKE for RAM Access
    73
    
    Using PEEK
    74
    
    Using POKE
    74
- Basic Functions
  75
  - What Is a Function
    75
  - The INTEGER Function (INT)
    75
  - Generating Random Numbers-The RND Function
    76
  - The ASC and CH R$ Commands
    77
  - Converting Strings and Numbers
    77
    
    The VAL Function
    78
    
    The STR$ Function
    78
  - The Square Root Function (SQR)
    78
  - The Absolute Value Function (ABS)
    78
- The Stop and Cont (Continue) Commands
  78
Section 5-Advanced Basic 7.0 Commands

81
- Introduction
  83
  - Until
    83
  - While
    84
  - Exit
    84
  - The else Clause with IF-THEN
    85
  - The BEGIN/BEND Sequence with IF-THEN
    85
  - The SLEEP Command
    86
- Formatting Output
  86
  - The PRINT USING Command
    86
  - The PUDEF Command
    87
- Sample Program
  87
- Inputting Data with Thegetkey Command
  88
- Programming Aids
  89
  - Entering Programs
    89
    
    Auto
    89
    
    Renumber
    89
    
    Delete
    90
  - Identifying Problems in Your Programs
    91
    
    Help
    91
    
    Error Trapping-The TRAP Command
    91
    
    Program Tracing-The TRON and TROFF Commands
    93
- Windowing
  94
  - Using the WINDOW Command to Create a Window
    94
  - Using the ESC Key to Create a Window
    95
- Keys Unique to C128 Mode
  97
  - Function Keys
    97
  - Redefining Function Keys
    98
  - Other Keys Used in C128 Mode Only
    98
    
    Help
    98
    
    Scroll
    99
    
    Caps Lock
    99
    
    40/80 Display
    99
    
    Alt
    99
    
    Tab
    100
    
    Line Feed
    100
- Mhz Operation
  97
  - The FAST and SLOW Commands
    97
- Section 6-Color, Animation and Sprite Graphics
  101
  - Statements Unique to the C128
    101
Section 7-Sound and Music in C128 Mode

135
- Introduction
  137
- The Sound Statement
  138
  - Writing a SOUND Program
    140
  - Random Sounds
    144
- Advanced Sound and Music in C128 Mode
  146
  - A Brief Background: the Characteristics of Sound
    146
  - Making Music on the Commodore 128
    148
    
    The ENVELOPE Statement
    148
    
    The TEMPO Statement
    151
    
    The PLAY Statement
    151
    
    The SID Filter
    155
    
    The Fl LTER Statement
    158
  - Tying Your Music Program Together
    159
  - Advanced Filtering
    160
- Coding a Song from Sheet Music
  162
Section 8-Using 80 Columns

167
- Introduction
  169
- The 40/80 Key
  169
- Video Ports and Monitors
  170
  - Connecting a Monitor
    170
  - Types of Monitors
    170
    
    Composite Monitors
    170
    
    RGBI Monitors
    171
    
    Dual Monitors
    171
- Creating 80-Column Programs
  171
- Using Prepackaged 80-Column Software
  171
- Using 40 and 80 Columns Together
  172
- Chapter III-Using C64 Mode
  175
  - C64 Mode
    180
- Chapter IV-Using CP/M Mode
  189
Table of Contents

199
- Creating a File
  201
- Naming a File
  201
  - File Specification
    201
    
    Drive Specifier
    202
    
    Filename
    202
    
    Filetype
    202
    
    Password
    203
    
    Sample File Specif Ication
    203
  - User Number
    203
  - Using Wildcard Characters to Access more than One File
    204
  - Reserved Characters
    204
  - Reserved Filetypes
    205
- What Is a File
  201
- Cp/M System Files
  206
  - Cp/M + .Sys
    206
  - Ccp.com
    206
  - Other .COM Files
    206
- What Is on Your Cp/M Disk
  207
Section 14-Summary of Major Cp/M 3.0 Commands

219
- Built-In Commands
  221
- The Two Types of Cp/M 3.0 Commands
  221
- Transient Utility Commands
  222
- Assigning Logical Devices
  224
- Redirecting Input and Output
  224
- Executing Multiple Commands
  225
- Finding Program Files
  225
- Getting Help
  226
- Terminating Programs
  226
Commodore

229
- Keyboard Enhancements
  231
  - Defining a String
    232
  - Using ALT Mode
    233
- Screen Enhancements
  233
- Mfm Disk Formats
  234
- Chapter V-Basic 7.0 Encyclopedia
  237

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