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Summary of Contents for LevelOne GES-1651
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Page 1: User Manual
LevelOne GES-1651 16 GE with 2 Shared SFP Web Smart Switch User Manual REV1.0.0 1910020632... -
Page 2: Fcc Statement
FCC STATEMENT This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. -
Page 3: Table Of Contents
CONTENTS Package Contents ..........................1 Chapter 1 About this Guide ......................2 Intended Readers ......................2 Conventions ........................2 Overview of This Guide ....................2 Chapter 2 Introduction ........................5 Overview of the Switch ....................5 Main Features ........................ 5 Appearance Description .................... - Page 4 5.1.3 Port Security ...................... 25 5.1.4 Port Isolation ..................... 26 LAG ..........................27 5.2.1 LAG Table ......................28 5.2.2 Static LAG......................29 Traffic Monitor ....................... 30 5.3.1 Traffic Summary ....................30 5.3.2 Traffic Statistics ....................32 MAC Address ....................... 33 5.4.1 Address Table ....................
- Page 5 Multicast IP ........................77 8.2.1 Multicast IP Table ....................77 8.2.2 Static Multicast IP ....................78 Multicast Filter ......................79 8.3.1 IP-Range ......................79 8.3.2 Port Filter ......................80 Packet Statistics ......................81 Chapter 9 QoS ..........................83 DiffServ ......................... 86 9.1.1 Port Priority ......................
- Page 6 11.3 Device Diagnostics ...................... 112 11.3.1 Cable Test ......................112 11.3.2 Loopback ......................113 11.4 Network Diagnostics ....................114 11.4.1 Ping ........................114 11.4.2 Tracert ......................115 Appendix A: Specifications ......................117 Appendix B: Configuring the PCs ....................118 Appendix C: Glossary ........................120...
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Page 7: Package Contents
Package Contents The following items should be found in your box: GES-1651 power cord 19" Rackmount Kit Quick Installation Guide Resource CD (User Manual) Note: Make sure that the package contains the above items. If any of the listed items are damaged or... -
Page 8: Chapter 1 About This Guide
This Guide is intended for network managers familiar with IT concepts and network terminologies. 1.2 Conventions In this Guide the following conventions are used: The switch or GES-1651 mentioned in this Guide stands for GES-1651 16 GE with 2 Shared SFP Web Smart Switch without any explanation. - Page 9 Chapter Introduction Chapter 4 System This module is used to configure system properties of the switch. Here mainly introduces: System Info: Configure the description, system time and network parameters of the switch. User Management: Configure the user name and password for ...
- Page 10 Chapter Introduction Chapter 10 SNMP This module is used to configure SNMP function to provide a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. Here mainly introduces: SNMP Config: Configure global settings of SNMP function. Notification: Configure notification function for the management ...
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Page 11: Chapter 2 Introduction
Chapter 2 Introduction Thanks for choosing the GES-1651 16 GE with 2 Shared SFP Web Smart Switch! 2.1 Overview of the Switch Designed for workgroups and departments, GES-1651 provides wire-speed performance and full set of layer 2 management features. It provides a variety of service features and multiple powerful functions with high security. -
Page 12: Rear Panel
100Mbps or 1000Mbps. Each has a corresponding Link/Act LED and a 1000Mbps LED. SFP ports: Designed to install the SFP module. GES-1651 features 2 Combo SFP Slots. Port 15~16F shares the same LED with Port 15~16. The Port 15~16F and Port 15~16 are referred to as “combo”... - Page 13 Grounding Terminal:GES-1651 already comes with Lightning Protection Mechanism. You can also ground the switch through the PE (Protecting Earth) cable of AC cord or with Ground Cable.
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Page 14: Chapter 3 Login To The Switch
Chapter 3 Login to the Switch 3.1 Login 1) To access the configuration utility, open a web-browser and type in the default address http://192.168.1.1 in the address field of the browser, then press the Enter key. Figure 3-1 Web-browser Tips: To log in to the switch, the IP address of your PC should be set in the same subnet addresses of the switch. - Page 15 Figure 3-3 Main Setup-Menu Note: Clicking Apply can only make the new configurations effective before the switch is rebooted. If you want to keep the configurations effective even the switch is rebooted, please click Saving Config. You are suggested to click Saving Config before cutting off the power or rebooting the switch to avoid losing the new configurations.
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Page 16: Chapter 4 System
Chapter 4 System The System module is mainly for system configuration of the switch, including four submenus: System Info, User Management, System Tools and Access Security. 4.1 System Info The System Info, mainly for basic properties configuration, can be implemented on System Summary, Device Description, System Time, Daylight Saving Time and System IP pages. -
Page 17: Device Description
Click a port to display the bandwidth utilization on this port. The actual rate divided by theoretical maximum rate is the bandwidth utilization. The following figure displays the bandwidth utilization monitored every four seconds. Monitoring the bandwidth utilization on each port facilitates you to monitor the network traffic and analyze the network abnormities. -
Page 18: System Time
Device Name: Enter the name of the switch. Device Location: Enter the location of the switch. System Contact: Enter your contact information. 4.1.3 System Time System Time is the time displayed while the switch is running. On this page you can configure the system time and the settings here will be used for other time-based functions. -
Page 19: Daylight Saving Time
Figure 4-6 Daylight Saving Time The following entries are displayed on this screen: DST Config DST Status: Enable or disable the DST. Predefined Mode: Select a predefined DST configuration. USA: First Sunday in April, 02:00 ~ Last Sunday in October, 02:00. -
Page 20: System Ip
4.1.5 System IP Each device in the network possesses a unique IP Address. You can log on to the Web management page to operate the switch using this IP Address. The switch supports three modes to obtain an IP address: Static IP, DHCP and BOOTP. The IP address obtained using a new mode will replace the original IP address. -
Page 21: User Management
Changing the IP address to a different IP segment will interrupt the network communication, so please keep the new IP address in the same IP segment with the local network. The switch only possesses an IP address. The IP address configured will replace the original IP address. - Page 22 Figure 4-9 User Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: User Info User Name: Create a name for users’ login. Access Level: Select the access level to login. Admin: Admin can edit, modify and view all the settings of ...
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Page 23: System Tools
4.3 System Tools The System Tools function, allowing you to manage the configuration file of the switch, can be implemented on Config Restore, Config Backup, Firmware Upgrade, System Reboot and System Reset pages. 4.3.1 Config Restore On this page you can upload a backup configuration file to restore your switch to this previous configuration. -
Page 24: Firmware Upgrade
Figure 4-11 Config Backup The following entries are displayed on this screen Config Backup Backup Config: Click the Backup Config button to save the current configuration as a file to your computer. You are suggested to take this measure before upgrading. -
Page 25: System Reboot
4.3.4 System Reboot On this page you can reboot the switch and return to the login page. Please save the current configuration before rebooting to avoid losing the configuration unsaved. Choose the menu System→System Tools→System Reboot to load the following page. Figure 4-13 System Reboot Note: To avoid damage, please don't turn off the device while rebooting. - Page 26 Figure 4-15 Access Control The following entries are displayed on this screen Access Control Config Control Mode: Select the control mode for users to log on to the Web management page. IP-based: Select this option to limit the IP-range of the users for login.
- Page 27 Session Timeout: If you do nothing with the Web management page within the timeout time, the system will log out automatically. If you want to reconfigure, please login again. Access User Number Select Enable/Disable the Number Control function. Number Control； Admin Number: Enter the maximum number of the users logging on to the Web management page as Admin.
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Page 28: Chapter 5 Switching
Chapter 5 Switching Switching module is used to configure the basic functions of the switch, including four submenus: Port, LAG, Traffic Monitor and MAC Address. 5.1 Port The Port function, allowing you to configure the basic features for the port, is implemented on the Port Config, Port Mirror, Port Security and Port Isolation pages. -
Page 29: Port Mirror
selected, the port can forward the packets normally. Speed and Duplex: Select the Speed and Duplex mode for the port. The device connected to the switch should be in the same Speed and Duplex mode with the switch. When “Auto” is selected, the Speed Duplex mode... - Page 30 Mirrored Port: Displays the mirrored ports. Operation: Click Edit to configure the mirror group. Click Edit to display the following figure. Figure 5-3 Mirroring Port The following entries are displayed on this screen: Mirror Group Number: Select the mirror group number you want to configure. Mirroring Port ...
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Page 31: Port Security
enabled, the outgoing packets sent by the mirrored port will be copied to the mirroring port. LAG: Displays the LAG number which the port belongs to. The LAG member can not be selected as the mirrored port or mirroring port. Note: The LAG member can not be selected as the mirrored port or mirroring port. -
Page 32: Port Isolation
Port Security Select: Select the desired port for Port Security configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Max Learned MAC: Specify the maximum number of MAC addresses that can be learned on the port. Learned Num: Displays the number of MAC addresses that have been learned on the port. -
Page 33: Lag
Figure 5-5 Port Isolation Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Isolation Config Port: Select the port number to set its forwardlist. Forward Portlist: Select the port that to be forwarded to. Port Isolation List Port: Display the port number. -
Page 34: Lag Table
For the member ports in an aggregation group, their basic configuration must be the same. The basic configuration includes STP, QoS, VLAN, port attributes, MAC Address Learning mode and other associated settings. The further explains are following: If the ports, which are enabled for the 802.1Q VLAN, STP, QoS and Port Configuration (Speed and Duplex, Flow Control), are in a LAG, their configurations should be the same. -
Page 35: Static Lag
IP addresses of the packets. LAG Table Select: Select the desired LAG. It is multi-optional. Group Number: Displays the LAG number here. Description: Displays the description of LAG. Member: Displays the LAG member. Operation: Allows you to view or modify the information for each LAG. ... -
Page 36: Traffic Monitor
Figure 5-8 Manually Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: LAG Config Group Number: Select a Group Number for the LAG. Description: Give a description to the LAG for identification. LAG Table Member Port: Select the port as the LAG member. Clearing all the ports of the LAG will delete this LAG. - Page 37 Figure 5-9 Traffic Summary The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Allows you to Enable/Disable refreshing the Traffic Summary automatically. Refresh Rate: Enter a value in seconds to specify the refresh interval. Traffic Summary Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered.
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Page 38: Traffic Statistics
5.3.2 Traffic Statistics Traffic Statistics screen displays the detailed traffic information of each port, which facilitates you to monitor the traffic and locate faults promptly. Choose the menu Switching→Traffic Monitor→Traffic Statistics to load the following page. Figure 5-10 Traffic Statistics The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh ... -
Page 39: Mac Address
Alignment Errors: Displays the number of the received packets that have a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS) . The length of the packet is from 64 bytes to maximal bytes of the jumbo frame(usually 10240 bytes). UndersizePkts: Displays the number of the received packets (excluding error packets) that are less than 64 bytes long. -
Page 40: Address Table
Table 5-1 Types and features of Address Table This function includes four submenus: Address Table, Static Address, Dynamic Address and Filtering Address. 5.4.1 Address Table On this page, you can view all the information of the Address Table. Choose the menu Switching→MAC Address→Address Table to load the following page. Figure 5-11 Address Table The following entries are displayed on this screen: ... -
Page 41: Static Address
5.4.2 Static Address The static address table maintains the static address entries which can be added or removed manually, independent of the aging time. In the stable networks, the static MAC address entries can facilitate the switch to reduce broadcast packets and remarkably enhance the efficiency of packets forwarding without learning the address. -
Page 42: Dynamic Address
VLAN ID: Displays the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Port: Displays the corresponding Port number of the MAC address. Here you can modify the port number to which the MAC address is bound. The new port should be in the same VLAN. Type: Displays the Type of the MAC address. -
Page 43: Filtering Address
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Aging Config Auto Aging: Allows you to Enable/Disable the Auto Aging feature. Aging Time: Enter the Aging Time for the dynamic address. Search Option Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Dynamic Address Table. - Page 44 Figure 5-14 Filtering Address The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create Filtering Address MAC Address: Enter the MAC Address to be filtered. VLAN ID: Enter the corresponding VLAN ID of the MAC address. Search Option Search Option: Select a Search Option from the pull-down list and click the Search button to find your desired entry in the Filtering Address Table.
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Page 45: Chapter 6 Vlan
Chapter 6 VLAN The traditional Ethernet is a data network communication technology based on CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) via shared communication medium. Through the traditional Ethernet, the overfull hosts in LAN will result in serious collision, flooding broadcasts, poor performance or even breakdown of the Internet. -
Page 46: Q Vlan
6.1 802.1Q VLAN VLAN tags in the packets are necessary for the switch to identify packets of different VLANs. The switch works at the data link layer in OSI model and it can identify the data link layer encapsulation of the packet only, so you can add the VLAN tag field into the data link layer encapsulation for identification. -
Page 47: Vlan Config
（3） GENERAL: The GENERAL port can be added in multiple VLANs and set various egress rules according to the different VLANs. The default egress rule is UNTAG. The PVID can be set as the VID number of any VLAN the port belongs to. ... - Page 48 Choose the menu VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→VLAN Config to load the following page. Figure 6-3 VLAN Table To ensure the normal communication of the factory switch, the default VLAN of all ports is set to VLAN1. VLAN1 can not be modified or deleted. The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Table ...
- Page 49 Figure 6-4 Create or Modify 802.1Q VLAN The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Config VLAN ID: Enter the ID number of VLAN. Description: Give a description to the VLAN for identification. Check: Click the Check button to check whether the VLAN ID you entered is valid or not.
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Page 50: Port Config
LAG: Displays the LAG to which the port belongs. 6.1.2 Port Config Before creating the 802.1Q VLAN, please acquaint yourself with all the devices connected to the switch in order to configure the ports properly. Choose the menu VLAN→802.1Q VLAN→Port Config to load the following page. Figure 6-5 802.1Q VLAN –... -
Page 51: Application Example For 802.1Q Vlan
PVID: Enter the PVID number of the port. LAG: Displays the LAG to which the port belongs. VLAN: Click the Detail button to view the information of the VLAN to which the port belongs. Click the Detail button to view the information of the corresponding VLAN Figure 6-6 View the Current VLAN of Port The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN of Port... - Page 52 PC A and Server A is in the same VLAN; PC B and Server B is in the same VLAN; PCs in the two VLANs cannot communicate with each other. Network Diagram Configuration Procedure Configure Switch A Step Operation...
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Page 53: Chapter 7 Spanning Tree
Chapter 7 Spanning Tree STP (Spanning Tree Protocol), subject to IEEE 802.1D standard, is to disbranch a ring network in the Data Link layer in a local network. Devices running STP discover loops in the network and block ports by exchanging information, in that way, a ring network can be disbranched to form a tree-topological ring-free network to prevent packets from being duplicated and forwarded endlessly in the network. - Page 54 Figure 7-1 Basic STP diagram STP Timers Hello Time: Hello Time ranges from 1 to 10 seconds. It specifies the interval to send BPDU packets. It is used to test the links. Max. Age: Max. Age ranges from 6 to 40 seconds. It specifies the maximum time the switch can wait without receiving a BPDU before attempting to reconfigure.
- Page 55 Comparing BPDUs Each switch sends out configuration BPDUs and receives a configuration BPDU on one of its ports from another switch. The following table shows the comparing operations. Step Operation If the priority of the BPDU received on the port is lower than that of the BPDU of the port itself, the switch discards the BPDU and does not change the BPDU of the port.
- Page 56 The condition for the root port to transit its port state rapidly: The old root port of the switch stops forwarding data and the designated port of the upstream switch begins to forward data. The condition for the designated port to transit its port state rapidly: The designated port is ...
- Page 57 Figure 7-2 Basic MSTP diagram MSTP MSTP divides a network into several MST regions. The CST is generated between these MST regions, and multiple spanning trees can be generated in each MST region. Each spanning tree is called an instance. As well as STP, MSTP uses BPDUs to generate spanning tree. The only difference is that the BPDU for MSTP carries the MSTP configuration information on the switches.
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Page 58: Stp Config
Figure 7-3 Port roles The Spanning Tree module is mainly for spanning tree configuration of the switch, including four submenus: STP Config, Port Config, MSTP Instance and STP Security. 7.1 STP Config The STP Config function, for global configuration of spanning trees on the switch, can be implemented on STP Config and STP Summary pages. - Page 59 Global Config STP: Select Enable/Disable STP function globally on the switch. Version: Select the desired STP version on the switch. STP: Spanning Tree Protocol. RSTP: Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol. MSTP: Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol. Parameters Config CIST Priority: Enter a value from 0 to 61440 to specify the priority of the switch for comparison in the CIST.
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Page 60: Stp Summary
If the TxHold Count parameter is too large, the number of MSTP packets being sent in each hello time may be increased with occupying too much network resources. The default value is recommended. 7.1.2 STP Summary On this page you can view the related parameters for Spanning Tree function. Choose the menu Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Summary to load the following page. - Page 61 Figure 7-6 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for STP configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch.
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Page 62: Mstp Instance
Designated Port: Indicates the port that forwards packets to a downstream network segment or switch. Master Port: Indicates the port that connects a MST region to the common root. The path from the master port to the common root is the shortest path between this MST region and the common root. -
Page 63: Instance Config
Figure 7-7 Region Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Region Config Region Name: Create a name for MST region identification using up to 32 characters. Revision: Enter the revision from 0 to 65535 for MST region identification. 7.3.2 Instance Config Instance Configuration, a property of MST region, is used to describe the VLAN to Instance mapping configuration. -
Page 64: Instance Port Config
based on the ID number you entered. Select: Select the desired Instance ID for configuration. It is multi-optional. Instance: Displays Instance ID of the switch. Status: Select Enable/Disable the instance. Priority: Enter the priority of the switch in the instance. It is an important criterion on determining if the switch will be chosen as the root bridge in the specific instance. - Page 65 Figure 7-9 Instance Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Instance ID: Select the desired instance ID for its port configuration. Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered.
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Page 66: Stp Security
Step Operation Description Make clear roles the switches Preparation. play spanning tree instances: root bridge designated bridge Globally configure MSTP Required. Enable Spanning Tree function on the switch parameters configure MSTP parameters Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page. Configure MSTP parameters Required. - Page 67 Root Protect A CIST and its secondary root bridges are usually located in the high-bandwidth core region. Wrong configuration or malicious attacks may result in configuration BPDU packets with higher priorities being received by the legal root bridge, which causes the current legal root bridge to lose its position and network topology jitter to occur.
- Page 68 Figure 7-10 Port Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Protect Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for port protect configuration. It is multi-optional.
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Page 69: Tc Protect
7.4.2 TC Protect When TC Protect is enabled for the port on Port Protect page, the TC threshold and TC protect cycle need to be configured on this page. Choose the menu Spanning Tree→STP Security→TC Protect to load the following page. Figure 7-11 TC Protect The following entries are displayed on this screen: TC Protect... - Page 70 Configure Switch A: Step Operation Description On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type Configure ports of the related ports as Trunk, and add the ports to VLAN 101-VLAN 106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN. On Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page, Enable STP function enable STP function and select MSTP version.
- Page 71 Configure Switch C: Step Operation Description On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN page, configure the link type Configure ports of the related ports as Trunk, and add the ports to VLAN 101-VLAN 106. The detailed instructions can be found in the section 802.1Q VLAN. On Spanning Tree→STP Config→STP Config page, Enable STP function enable STP function and select MSTP version.
- Page 72 For Instance 2 (VLAN 102, 104 and 106), the blue paths in the following figure are connected links; the gray paths are the blocked links. Suggestion for Configuration Enable TC Protect function for all the ports of switches. ...
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Page 73: Chapter 8 Multicast
Chapter 8 Multicast Multicast Overview In the network, packets are sent in three modes: unicast, broadcast and multicast. In unicast, the source server sends separate copy information to each receiver. When a large number of users require this information, the server must send many pieces of information with the same content to the users. - Page 74 Multicast Address 1. Multicast IP Address: As specified by IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), Class D IP addresses are used as destination addresses of multicast packets. The multicast IP addresses range from 224.0.0.0~239.255.255.255. The following table displays the range and description of several special multicast IP addresses.
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Page 75: Igmp Snooping
IGMP Snooping In the network, the hosts apply to the near Router for joining (leaving) a multicast group by sending IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) messages. When the up-stream device forwards down the multicast data, the switch is responsible for sending them to the hosts. IGMP Snooping is a multicast control mechanism, which can be used on the switch for dynamic registration of the multicast group. -
Page 76: Snooping Config
3. IGMP Leave Message The host, running IGMPv1, does not send IGMP leave message when leaving a multicast group, as a result, the switch can not get the leave information of the host momentarily. However, after leaving the multicast group, the host does not send IGMP report message any more, so the switch will remove the port from the corresponding multicast address table when its member port time times out. -
Page 77: Port Config
Figure 8-4 Basic Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Global Config IGMP Snooping: Select Enable/Disable IGMP Snooping function globally on the switch. Unknown Multicast: Select the operation for the switch to process unknown multicast, Forward or Discard. IGMP Snooping Status ... -
Page 78: Vlan Config
Figure 8-5 Port Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Port Config Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for IGMP Snooping feature configuration. It is multi-optional. - Page 79 Figure 8-6 VLAN Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: VLAN Config VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID to enable IGMP Snooping for the desired VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more.
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Page 80: Multicast Vlan
Note: The settings here will be invalid when multicast VLAN is enabled Configuration procedure: Step Operation Description Enable IGMP Snooping Required. Enable IGMP Snooping globally on the switch function port Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Snooping Config and Port Config page. Configure multicast Optional. Configure the multicast parameters for VLANs on parameters for VLANs Multicast→IGMP Snooping→VLAN Config page. - Page 81 Multicast VLAN: Select Enable/Disable Multicast VLAN feature. VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID of the multicast VLAN. Router Port Time: Specify the aging time of the router port. Within this time, if the switch doesn’t receive IGMP query message from the router port, it will consider this port is not a router port any more.
- Page 82 on the Multicast→IGMP Snooping→Snooping Config page. Application Example for Multicast VLAN: Network Requirements Multicast source sends multicast streams via the router, and the streams are transmitted to user A and user B through the switch. Router: Its WAN port is connected to the multicast source; its LAN port is connected to the switch. The multicast packets are transmitted in VLAN3.
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Page 83: Multicast Ip
Step Operation Description On VLAN→802.1Q VLAN function pages. Configure ports For port 3, configure its link type as GENERAL and its egress rule as TAG, and add it to VLAN3, VLAN4 and VLAN5. For port 4, configure its link type as GENERAL and its egress rule as UNTAG, and add it to VLAN3 and VLAN 4. -
Page 84: Static Multicast Ip
VLAN ID: Enter the VLAN ID the desired entry must carry. Port: Select the port number the desired entry must carry. Type: Select the type the desired entry must carry. All: Displays all multicast IP entries. Static: Displays all static multicast IP entries. ... -
Page 85: Multicast Filter
Forward Port: Enter the forward port of the multicast group. Search Option Search Option: Select the rules for displaying multicast IP table to find the desired entries quickly. All: Displays all static multicast IP entries. Multicast IP: Enter the multicast IP address the desired entry must carry. -
Page 86: Port Filter
The following entries are displayed on this screen: Create IP-Range IP Range ID: Enter the IP-range ID. Start Multicast IP: Enter start multicast IP of the IP-range you set. End Multicast IP: Enter end multicast IP of the IP-range you set. IP-Range Table ... -
Page 87: Packet Statistics
Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for multicast filtering. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number. Filter: Select Enable/Disable multicast filtering feature on the port. Action Mode: Select the action mode to process multicast packets when the multicast IP is in the filtering IP-range. - Page 88 Figure 8-12 Packet Statistics The following entries are displayed on this screen: Auto Refresh Auto Refresh: Select Enable/Disable auto refresh feature. Refresh Period: Enter the time from 3 to 300 in seconds to specify the auto refresh period. IGMP Statistics ...
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Page 89: Chapter 9 Qos
Chapter 9 QoS QoS (Quality of Service) functions to provide different quality of service for various network applications and requirements and optimize the bandwidth resource distribution so as to provide a network service experience of a better quality. This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function. - Page 90 2. 802.1P Priority Figure 9-2 802.1Q frame As shown in the figure above, each 802.1Q Tag has a Pri field, comprising 3 bits. The 3-bit priority field is 802.1p priority in the range of 0 to 7. 802.1P priority determines the priority of the packets based on the Pri value.
- Page 91 Figure 9-4 SP-Mode WRR-Mode: Weight Round Robin Mode. In this mode, packets in all the queues are sent in order based on the weight value for each queue and every queue can be assured of a certain service time. The weight value indicates the occupied proportion of the resource. WRR queue overcomes the disadvantage of SP queue that the packets in the queues with lower priority can not get service for a long time.
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Page 92: Diffserv
The QoS module is mainly for traffic control and priority configuration, including two submenus: DiffServ, and Bandwidth Control. 9.1 DiffServ This switch classifies the ingress packets, maps the packets to different priority queues and then forwards the packets according to specified scheduling algorithms to implement QoS function. This switch implements three priority modes based on port, on 802.1P and on DSCP, and supports four queue scheduling algorithms. -
Page 93: Schedule Mode
Step Operation Description Required. On QoS→DiffServ→802.1P Priority page, Configure mapping relation between the 802.1P configure the mapping relation between the 802.1P priority and TC priority and TC. QoS→DiffServ→Schedule Select a schedule mode Required. Mode page, select a schedule mode. 9.1.2 Schedule Mode On this page you can select a schedule mode for the switch. -
Page 94: Dscp Priority
enabled, the packets with 802.1Q tag are mapped to different priority levels based on 802.1P priority mode. The untagged packets are mapped based on port priority mode. Choose the menu QoS→DiffServ→802.1P Priority to load the following page. Figure 9-8 802.1P Priority The following entries are displayed on this screen: Priority Level ... - Page 95 Figure 9-9 DSCP Priority The following entries are displayed on this screen: DSCP Priority Config DSCP Priority: Select Enable or Disable DSCP Priority. Priority Level DSCP: Indicates the priority determined by the DS region of IP datagram. It ranges from 0 to 63. Priority: Indicates the 802.1P priority the packets with tag are mapped to.
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Page 96: Bandwidth Control
9.2 Bandwidth Control Bandwidth function, allowing you to control the traffic rate and broadcast flow on each port to ensure network in working order, can be implemented on Rate Limit and Storm Control pages. 9.2.1 Rate Limit Rate limit functions to control the ingress/egress traffic rate on each port via configuring the available bandwidth of each port. -
Page 97: Storm Control
Egress Rate(bps): Configure the bandwidth for sending packets on the port. You can select a rate from the dropdown list or select "Manual" to set Egress rate, the system will automatically select integral multiple of 64Kbps that closest to the rate you entered as the real Egress rate. - Page 98 Port Select: Click the Select button to quick-select the corresponding port based on the port number you entered. Select: Select the desired port for Storm Control configuration. It is multi-optional. Port: Displays the port number of the switch. Broadcast: Select Enable/Disable to enable/disable the broadcast control function for the port.
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Page 99: Chapter 10 Snmp
Chapter 10 SNMP SNMP Overview SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) has gained the most extensive application on the UDP/IP networks. SNMP provides a management frame to monitor and maintain the network devices. It is used for automatically managing the various network devices no matter the physical differences of the devices. - Page 100 SNMP v1: SNMP v1 adopts Community Name authentication. The community name is used to define the relation between SNMP Management Station and SNMP Agent. The SNMP packets failing to pass community name authentication are discarded. The community name can limit access to SNMP Agent from SNMP NMS, functioning as a password.
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Page 101: Snmp Config
3. Create SNMP User The User configured in an SNMP Group can manage the switch via the client program on management station. The specified User Name and the Auth/Privacy Password are used for SNMP Management Station to access the SNMP Agent, functioning as the password. SNMP module is used to configure the SNMP function of the switch, including three submenus: SNMP Config, Notification and RMON. -
Page 102: Snmp View
Note: The amount of Engine ID characters must be even. 10.1.2 SNMP View The OID (Object Identifier) of the SNMP packets is used to describe the managed objects of the switch, and the MIB (Management Information Base) is the set of the OIDs. The SNMP View is created for the SNMP management station to manage MIB objects. -
Page 103: Snmp Group
10.1.3 SNMP Group On this page, you can configure SNMP Group to control the network access by providing the users in various groups with different management rights via the Read View, Write View and Notify View. Choose the menu SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP Group to load the following page. Figure 10-5 SNMP Group The following entries are displayed on this screen: Group Config... -
Page 104: Snmp User
can be read and modified. Notify View: Select the View to be the Notify View. The management station can receive trap messages of the assigned SNMP view generated by the switch's SNMP agent. Group Table Select: Select the desired entry to delete the corresponding group. It is multi-optional. - Page 105 User Name: Enter the User Name here. User Type: Select the type for the User. Local User: Indicates that the user is connected to a local SNMP engine. Remote User: Indicates that the user is connected to a remote SNMP engine.
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Page 106: Snmp Community
10.1.5 SNMP Community SNMP v1 and SNMP v2c adopt community name authentication. The community name can limit access to the SNMP agent from SNMP network management station, functioning as a password. If SNMP v1 or SNMP v2c is employed, you can directly configure the SNMP Community on this page without configuring SNMP Group and User. -
Page 107: Notification
Configuration Procedure: If SNMPv3 is employed, please take the following steps: Step Operation Description Enable SNMP function globally. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→Global Config page, enable SNMP function globally. Create SNMP View. Required. On the SNMP→SNMP Config→SNMP View page, create SNMP View of the management agent. - Page 108 The notification information includes the following two types: Trap ： Trap is the information that the managed device initiatively sends to the Network management station without request. Inform：Inform packet is sent to inform the management station and ask for the reply. The switch will resend the inform request if it doesn’t get the response from the management station during the Timeout interval, and it will terminate resending the inform request if the resending times reach the specified Retry times.
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Page 109: Rmon
request. The switch will resend the inform request if it doesn’t get the response from the management station during the Timeout interval, and it will terminate resending the inform request if the resending times reach the specified Retry times. Timeout: Specify the maximum time for the switch to wait for the response from the management station before resending a request. -
Page 110: History Control
RMON Group Function History Group After a history group is configured, the switch collects and records network statistics information periodically, based on which the management station can monitor network effectively. Event Group Event Group is used to define RMON events. Alarms occur when an event is detected. -
Page 111: Event Config
10.3.2 Event Config On this page, you can configure the RMON events. Choose the menu SNMP→RMON→Event Config to load the following page. Figure 10-10 Event Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Event Table Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. - Page 112 Figure 10-11 Alarm Config The following entries are displayed on this screen: Alarm Table Select: Select the desired entry for configuration. Index: Displays the index number of the entry. Variable: Select the alarm variables from the pull-down list. Port: Select the port on which the Alarm entry acts.
- Page 113 Interval(sec): Enter the alarm interval time in seconds. Owner: Enter the name of the device or user that defined the entry. Status: Select Enable/Disable the corresponding alarm entry. Note: When alarm variables exceed the Threshold on the same direction continuously for several times, an alarm event will only be generated on the first time, that is, the Rising Alarm and Falling Alarm are triggered alternately for that the alarm following to Rising Alarm is certainly a Falling Alarm and vice versa.
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Page 114: Chapter 11 Maintenance
Chapter 11 Maintenance Maintenance module, assembling the commonly used system tools to manage the switch, provides the convenient method to locate and solve the network problem. （1） System Monitor: Monitor the utilization status of the memory and the CPU of switch. （2）... -
Page 115: Memory Monitor
11.1.2 Memory Monitor Choose the menu Maintenance→System Monitor→Memory Monitor to load the following page. Figure 11-2 Memory Monitor Click the Monitor button to enable the switch to monitor and display its Memory utilization rate every four seconds. 11.2 Log The Log system of switch can record, classify and manage the system information effectively, providing powerful support for network administrator to monitor network operation and diagnose malfunction. -
Page 116: Log Table
11.2.1 Log Table The switch supports logs output to two directions, namely, log buffer and log file. The information in log buffer will be lost after the switch is rebooted or powered off whereas the information in log file will be kept effective even the switch is rebooted or powered off. Log Table displays the system log information in log buffer. -
Page 117: Remote Log
Figure 11-4 Local Log The following entries are displayed on this screen: Local Log Config Select: Select the desired entry to configure the corresponding local log. Log Buffer: Indicates the RAM for saving system log. The inforamtion in the log buffer is displayed on the Log Table page. -
Page 118: Backup Log
Log Host Index: Displays the index of the log host. The switch supports 4 log hosts. Host IP: Configure the IP for the log host. UDP Port: Displays the UDP port used for receiving/sending log information. Here we use the standard port 514. Severity: Specify the severity level of the log information sent to each log host. -
Page 119: Loopback
Figure 11-7 Cable Test The following entries are displayed on this screen: Cable Test Port: Select the port for cable testing. Pair: Displays the Pair number. Status: Displays the connection status of the cable connected to the port. The test results of the cable include normal, close, open or impedance. -
Page 120: Network Diagnostics
Figure 11-8 Loopback The following entries are displayed on this screen: Loopback Type Internal: Select Internal to test whether the port is available. External: Select External to test whether the device connected to the port of the switch is available Loopback Port ... -
Page 121: Tracert
Figure 11-9 Ping The following entries are displayed on this screen: Ping Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination node for Ping test. Ping Times: Enter the amount of times to send test data during Ping testing. The default value is recommended. - Page 122 Figure 11-10 Tracert The following entries are displayed on this screen: Tracert Config Destination IP: Enter the IP address of the destination device. Max Hop: Specify the maximum number of the route hops the test data can pass through. Return to CONTENTS...
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Page 123: Appendix A: Specifications
Appendix A: Specifications IEEE802.3 10Base-T Ethernet IEEE802.3u 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet IEEE802.3ab 1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet Standards IEEE802.3z 1000Base-X Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3x Flow Control IEEE802.1p QoS IEEE802.1q VLAN Ethernet: 10Mbps Half Duplex, 20Mbps Full Duplex Transmission Rate Fast Ethernet: 100Mbps Half Duplex，200Mbps Full Duplex Gigabit Ethernet: 2000Mbps Full Duplex 10Base-T: UTP/STP of Cat. -
Page 124: Appendix B: Configuring The Pcs
Appendix B: Configuring the PCs In this section, we’ll introduce how to install and configure the TCP/IP correctly in Windows 2000. First make sure your Ethernet Adapter is working, refer to the adapter’s manual if necessary. On the Windows taskbar, click the Start button, and then click Control Panel. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon, and then click on the Network Connections tab in the appearing window. - Page 125 The following TCP/IP Properties window will display and the IP Address tab is open on this window by default. Figure B-3 Select Use the following IP address. And the following items will be available. If the switch's IP address is 192.168.1.1, specify IP address as 192.168.1.x (x is from 2 to 254), and the Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0.
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Page 126: Appendix C: Glossary
Appendix C: Glossary Boot Protocol (BOOTP) BOOTP is used to provide bootup information for network devices, including IP address information, the address of the TFTP server that contains the devices system files, and the name of the boot file. Class of Service (CoS) CoS is supported by prioritizing packets based on the required level of service, and then placing them in the appropriate output queue. - Page 127 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) A protocol through which hosts can register with their local router for multicast services. If there is more than one multicast switch/router on a given subnetwork, one of the devices is made the “querier” and assumes responsibility for keeping track of group membership. IGMP Snooping Listening to IGMP Query and IGMP Report packets transferred between IP Multicast Routers and IP Multicast host groups to identify IP Multicast group members.
- Page 128 Remote Monitoring (RMON) RMON provides comprehensive network monitoring capabilities. It eliminates the polling required in standard SNMP, and can set alarms on a variety of traffic conditions, including specific error types. Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) RSTP reduces the convergence time for network topology changes to about 10% of that required by the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard.
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