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BIOS is a set of assembly routine/program that reside in
Input/output devices and other hardware devices of motherboard. In general, to provide
hardware independent portability, operation system and drivers is required to access BIOS
without directly access hardware devices.
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The traditional PIO (Programmable I/O) IDE requires the CPU to involve in all the activities of
the IDE access including waiting for the mechanical events. To reduce the workload of the CPU,
the bus master IDE device transfers data from/to memory without interrupting CPU, and
releases CPU to operate concurrently while data is transferring between memory and IDE device.
You need the bus master IDE driver and the bus master IDE HDD to support bus master IDE
mode.
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The CNR specification provides the PC industry the opportunity to deliver a flexible and cost
reduced method of implementing LAN, home networking, DSL, USB, wireless, audio and modem
subsystems widely used in today's "connected PCs". The CNR specification is an open industry
specification and is supported by OEMs, IHV card manufacturers, silicon supplier and Microsoft.
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EPROM
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ROM. BIOS controls
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