Oracle Database B10772-01 Administrator's Manual page 497

man-in-the-middle
A security attack characterized by the third-party, surreptitious interception of a
message, wherein the third-party, the man-in-the-middle, decrypts the message,
re-encrypts it (with or without alteration of the original message), and re-transmits
it to the originally-intended recipient—all without the knowledge of the legitimate
sender and receiver. This type of security attack works only in the absence of
authentication.
MD5
An algorithm that assures data integrity by generating a 128-bit cryptographic
message digest value from given data. If as little as a single bit value in the data is
modified, the MD5 checksum for the data changes. Forgery of data in a way that
will cause MD5 to generate the same result as that for the original data is
considered computationally infeasible.
message authentication code
Also known as data authentication code (DAC). A checksumming with the
addition of a secret key. Only someone with the key can verify the cryptographic
checksum.
message digest
See checksumming
naming method
The resolution method used by a client application to resolve a connect identifier to
a connect descriptor when attempting to connect to a database service.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
An agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce responsible for the
development of security standards related to the design, acquisition, and
implementation of cryptographic-based security systems within computer and
telecommunication systems, operated by a Federal agency or by a contractor of a
Federal agency or other organization that processes information on behalf of the
Federal Government to accomplish a Federal function.
net service alias
An alternative name for a object in a directory server. A directory
directory naming
server stores net service aliases for any defined net service name or database
service. A net service alias entry does not have connect descriptor information.
Instead, it only references the location of the object for which it is an alias. When a
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