Page 1 GAS TURBINE SGT-600 BASIC TRAINING...
Page 2 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Gas turbine primer General The purpose of this document is to introduce the general principles of gas turbines, and the effect of changing site conditions on gas turbine performance. s Turbines GT35, GT10 and GTX100 has been used to show detailed illustrations of Gas Turbines for commercial use.
Page 3 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Operating Cycle Main Parts In a gas turbine the operating medium is air and gas and the flow runs through the cycle COMPRESSION HEATING EXPANSION In an Open Gas Turbine Cycle, ambient air is sucked in, compressed in a , heated in a by injection and burning of a COMPRESSOR...
Page 4: Function Principle
GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Function Principle As mentioned in the previous part, the gas turbine consists of the three main parts: • Compressor • Combustion Chamber • Turbine How heat energy, by the operating medium flowing through these main parts, is converted into mechanical energy can be explained by means of the following simple model.
Page 5 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer The Airflow is Heated The heating increases the air temperature. Since the air pressure inside the tube is created by the compressor, the higher temperature of the air does not result in increased air pressure. Instead the air volume is expanding and results in increased air velocity through the turbine.
Page 6 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Self-Sustaining Speed Increased heat supply, means that the turbine gives sufficient mechanical output to drive the compressor. If the compressor and turbine are mounted to a common shaft, the starter can be disconnected and self-sustaining condition is reached. The starter was necessary to create the airflow through the tube.
Page 7: Power Generation
GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Power Generation To get a useful mechanical output from the turbine the heat supply must be further increased to speed up the engine above self-sustaining speed. Compressor Turbine Starter Coupling Generator To make the gas turbine as efficient as possible, by converting heat energy into mechanical energy, its design must be much more complicated, than described in the simple model.
Page 8 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer The Compressor The compressor is in practice not a simple fan, but a far more sophisticated design to continuously compress an airflow to desired pressure. One of two basic types of compressors, one giving a radial flow and the other an axial flow, is normally used in a gas turbine.
Page 9 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Vane carriers Rotor blade Rotor Disc Bearing Barring clutch Function Principle During operation, the compressor is turned at high speed by the turbine. Air is continuously induced into the compressor, where it is accelerated by the rotating blades and swept rearwards.
Page 10: Airflow Control
GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Compressor Stall and Surging The airfoil sections, the blade angles, and the reduction of the annular area are designed to give best performance at full load (full speed), i.e. for a certain relationship between airflow and blade velocity and for a certain compression ratio.
Page 11 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Design The combustion chamber(s) can be designed in different ways. The following description refers to the annular type. A number of burners are fitted inside a common annular casing in the forward end, known as the front panel. The compressor outlet is via a diffuser, connected to the forward end of the annular casing and each burner is via the front panel and the liners connected to a section of the turbine inlet.
Page 12 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Since no material, known today, can stand such a temperature, the liner walls must be cooled, sometimes by excess air. Some of the air is also used to dilute the hot gases to a temperature profile, which the material of the turbine parts can stand.
Page 13 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer The Turbine The turbine provides the power for driving the compressor(s) and to give a useful mechanical output. That is done by extracting energy from the hot gases, released from the combustion chambers and expanding them to a lower pressure and temperature. High stresses are involved in this process.
Page 14 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Turbine vanes normally have some kind of inner shroud decreasing the leakage of hot gases under the vane and also protecting the rotor. Turbine blades sometimes (long blades and low gas temperature) have a tip shrouds to improve the dynamic behaviour and to decrease leakage.
Page 15 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Function Principle In the convergent passages between the guide vanes of airfoil section, the hot gas is expanded. Pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy and the gas is accelerated. At the same time the gas is given a spin or swirl in the direction of rotation of the turbine blades.
Page 16 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer The number of stages depends on the number of shafts and on the pressure ratio. Several stages were required to compress the air, but since the gas expansion is a spontaneous process. In contrast to the forced compression, less stages are required to expand the gas back to atmospheric pressure.
Page 17 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Gas Turbine Configurations The gas turbine main parts can be arranged in different ways and be combined with other components. Below some examples are given. The single shaft gas turbine is the simplest, but is only suitable for fixed speed applications.
Page 18 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Unit Driven Gas turbine equipment Gas generator Power turbine The free power turbine combined with a twin-spool gas generator is a more flexible engine. The twin-spool gas generator allows high pressure ratios and gives still good low loading rate performance.
Page 19 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer ˚Cx100 Temp. Pressure Air/gas conditions trough a gas turbine 18 (24)
Page 20 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Gas turbine Performance The factors effecting the gas turbine thermal efficiency and specific output (specific output = output per kg/s of gas flowing through the engine), can be divided into two groups, thermodynamic factors and the influence of ambient conditions.
Page 21 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer The allowable turbine inlet temperature depends on the material used in the”hot section” of the engine and the desired lifetime. Sometimes more than one temperature limit is stated, giving different performance and different lifetime. Increased gas temperature gives shorter lifetime, a 30°C increase can shorten the lifetime to 1/3.
Page 22 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Ambient Air Temperature t The gas turbine performance is normally related to +15 °C and especially the available output is very much influenced by the ambient air temperature. At fixed rating (constant temperature), increased ambient air temperature gives: Decreased output Decreased unit efficiency Decreased gas generator LP rotor speed...
Page 23: Operating Condition
GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Operating Condition An example of a twin spool gas turbine performance diagram, is given on page 23. The diagram shows the generator electrical output versus ambient air temperature, with the thermal efficiency as parameter. At low ambient air temperature the output is limited by the gas generator speed and at higher temperatures it is limited by the turbine inlet temperature and the gas generator speed.
Page 24 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer Output ( MW ) Efficiency Ambient air temperature ˚C Service intervals are related to operating time and number of starts. Since the stresses to which the gas turbine is exposed varies with the load rating and if fast or normal start is chosen, the number of operating hours and starts are given in form of equivalent operating hours and equivalent starts according to the maintenance program.
Page 25 GT Basic Training Gas turbine primer x H + 5S Equivalent operating hours Fuel factor for gas fuel acc. to BA-241-6E for type 1 fuel acc. to AA-243-9E for type 2 fuel acc. to AA-243-9E for crude oil and sour gas Stress factor Expotential factor 0.9 - 4.0 depending on load rate.
Page 26 Documentation Overview 1CS36949 Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page KKS Designation System M /& DB103 1 (19) KKS Designation System SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Based on 1CCG50048en-1 Author SIT/GPMT/L.Lindman 2003-10-10 Gunilla Strand Product Plant Appr.
Page 27: Table Of Contents
Item code key ..................17 K Mechanical items M Mechanical items Q Instrumentation and control items X Signal origins Y Signal applications Z Gated signals - Electrical items SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 28: Introduction
M /& DB103 3 (19) Introduction This document describes the designation system used by Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB (SIT) for plant and turbine deliveries. The system is based on the Kraftwerk-Kennzeichen-System (KKS) and is used for identifying plants, sections of plant and equipment in a clear manner according to their function.
Page 29: Process Related Identification
Doc. No. Documentation Overview 1CS36949 Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page KKS Designation System M /& DB103 4 (19) Process related identification SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 30 At this breakdown level the digits are used for counting only. E.g. KA01 equals globe valve with consecutive number 1, -P05 equals electrical measuring instrument consecutive number 5. See Appendix C. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 31: Function Code Key
Power installations for variable-speed drives Low voltage distribution boards, uninterruptible (converter) power supply, UPS Low voltage distribution boards, uninterruptible (converter) power supply Converter (static), inverter Emergency power generating equipment SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 32: C Instrumentation And Control Equipment
Instrumentation and control cabinets for steam turbine set CJP-CJQ Instrumentation and control cabinets for gas turbine set Process computer system Online supervisory and diagnostic computer Cubicles Control cubicle SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 33: E Conventional Fuel Supply And Residues Disposal
Heating medium system Supply of gaseous fuel Receiving equipment incl. pipeline (External gas fuel system) Moisture separation system Heating system Main reducing station, expansion turbine Storage system Piping system SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 34: G Water Supply And Disposal
Conventional heat generation Pressure system Economizer system Evaporator system HP super heater system Pressure system drainage and venting systems Flue gas exhaust Ducting system Smoke stack system (chimney) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 35: L Steam, Water, Gas Cycles
Air removal system (Evacuation system) Transmission gear between prime mover and driven machine (Gear system) Drain and vent systems (Drain system) Leak-off steam system Lubricant supply system (Lube oil system) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 36 Control and protection equipment Compressor plant Compressor incl. internal systems Suction piping system Gas cooling system Discharge piping system Lubricant supply system Sealing fluid supply system Control and protection equipment SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 37: N Process Energy Supply For External Users
Feed water, steam, condensate cycle of auxiliary steam generating and distribution system Feed water system Steam system Sampling systems for conventional areas QUA-QUB Sampling system for conventional area SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 38: S Ancillary Systems
Fire water system, conventional area Spray deluge system Sprinkler system Foam fire-fighting systems CO2 fire fighting system Cranes, stationary hoists and conveying appliances SMA-SMU Cranes, stationary hoists and conveying appliances SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 39: A Mechanical Equipment
Piping, ductwork, chutes Silencers Insulation, sheathing Direct measuring circuits Density Electrical variables Flow, rate Distance, length, position, direction of rotation Manual input as manually operated sensor Time Level SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 40: D Closed Loop Control Circuits
Process computer Combined analogue and binary signal conditioning EW-EZ Protection Indirect measuring circuits Density Electrical variables Flow, rate Distance, length, position, direction of rotation Level Moisture, humidity SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 41: G Electrical Equipment
Structure related earthing and lightning protection equipment, sure arrestors Cabinet power supply equipment Actuating equipment for electrical variables Junction boxes for light current systems Hangers, supports and racks for electrical and instrumentation and control equipment SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 42: Item Code Key
Transmission gear Instrumentation and control items Sensors Signaling devices Controllers, fly bolt governor Measuring instruments, testing equipment Instrument piping Thermo wells and pockets for protection of sensors SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 43: Signal Origins
Measuring instruments, testing equipment Power switchgear Resistors Switches, selectors Transformers Modulators Tubes, semiconductors Transmission paths, waveguides, aerials Terminals, plugs, sockets Electrical positioners Terminations, balancing equipment, filters, limiters, cable terminations SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB Standard / Plant Doc. des.
Page 44 Date ind. Chapt. (C) Dept. / Init. 040202 AQI/LL P 19 Adjustment, Revision page added Company name has changed to Siemens Industrial 050415 AQI/AR Turbomachinery AB (SIT) 060707 Turbine deliveries changed to plant and turbine GPMT/LFN deliveries. Spelling errors corrected.
Page 45  Explain how gas generator operate when there is a loss of AC power  Explain the purpose of the flame detectors, during) start up, operation.  Explain the meaning "Keyfasor". SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 46: General Description Of The System
The gas generator comprises the compressor, the combustion chamber and the compressor turbine. Fig. GT10B Gas Turbine (General Illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 47 Bleed air is directed into the air intake. The BV2 is also used for emission control when required. BV2 is then used over a wider load range. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 48 The inner casing contains bearing no.2. The inner casing has nine profile rods. Some of these rods contain oil and sealing air pipes as well as instrumentation cables (vibration and temperature). Fig. Central casing SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 49 Fig. The annular combustion chamber The fuel rods, each consisting of three concentric pipes, connects the burners to external fuel manifolds. When operating on liquid fuel, the burners form a conventional diffusion flame. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 50 The rotor blades as well as the guide vanes are precision cast and internally cooled. All surfaces exposed by hot gas are coated with a vapor-deposited aluminum/platinum coating used for oxidation and corrosion protection. Fig. Compressor Turbine SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 51 During operation, oil is continuously supplied to the bearings. Return oil from the bearing casings is led back to the lube oil tank by gravity. See also the lubrication oil system, MBV. Fig. Bearing #1 Fig. Bearing #2 SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 52 Cooling air is used for cooling the compressor turbine vanes, blades and discs. Sealing air is used to prevent hot gases from entering the bearing housing or oil leakage. See also cooling and sealing air system, MBH. Fig. Cooling air - compressor turbine SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 53: Continuous Operation
After this, the starting motor is stopped and the gas generator brought to stand still. Stand still The gas generator is kept at stand still. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 54: System Faults
Other faults The gas generator is dependent of its auxiliary systems for proper function. Faults in any of these systems may restrict or interrupt continued start up or operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 55: Technical Specification
Stages 2  10 X12 Cr Ni Mo 12 (ASTM A 565) Surface coating SSA12  Vanes Stage 0  1 X20Cr13 (AISI 420) Stage 2  10 X20 CR MO V12.1 (ASTM A437 B4B) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 56: Component Data
Single, annular  Burner type DLE, Dual fuel  Number of burners  Ignition system 1 pilot (torch) burner See the system lists. Weight Total weight of the gas generator is 9500 kg. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 57 Doc.IRAN Project GT10B Basic Training Course Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page Auxiliary Systems 13 (16) Testing and service Testing during normal operation Accessibility during normal operation SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 58 Key phasor, GG rotor angle MBT10CG010 The key phasor detects rotor angle at balancing of the GG rotor.  Temperature transmitter, compressor inlet temperature MBT10CT005 The PT100 is continuously monitoring the air temperature before the compressor inlet. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 59 The PT100 is continuously monitoring the air temperature before the compressor inlet.  Temperature transmitter, compressor inlet temperature MBT10CT060 The PT100 is continuously monitoring the air temperature before the compressor inlet.  SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 60 A position transducer (analogous) gives position feed-back. Turbine trip is activated if not open during start-up.  Ignition system MBT10AV005 The spark plug (E01) is powered by the ignition exciter (T01). SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 61  Explain how to cool the power turbine guide vanes.  Explain how the power turbine operates when there is a loss of AC power  Explain the purpose of T7.  Explain the purpose of the diffuser. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 62: General Description Of The System
The power turbine is a two-stage axial-flow turbine. Fig. GT10 Power Turbine SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 63 The casing is designed to provide a minimum backpressure, which is important in order to not affect the power output. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 64 During operation, oil is continuously supplied to the bearings. Return oil from the bearing casings is led back to the lube oil tank by gravity. See also the Lubrication oil system, MBV. Fig. Bearing no. 4 SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 65 Sealing air is also used to prevent hot gases from entering the bearing housing or oil from leaking out from the bearing housings. See also cooling and sealing air system, MBH Fig. Cooling and sealing air power turbine SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 66 During the subsequent gas generator cooling down period, when the gas generator is turned by the electrical starting motor, the power turbine may also rotate due to windmilling from the rotating gas generator. Stand still The power turbine is kept at stand still. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 67 Other faults The gas generator is dependent of its auxiliary systems for proper function. Faults in any of these systems may restrict or interrupt continued start up or operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 68: Technical Specification
The power turbine section can be removed as modules, which permits easy access and fast maintenance. Materials  Discs NIM 901  Blades Stage 3 IN 792 Stage 4 IN 792  Vanes Stage 3 IN 939 Stage 4 IN 738 SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 69 975 kg See the system lists. Weight The weight of the power turbine excluding the exhaust casing is 4900 kg. Total weight of the power turbine including the exhaust casing is 6700 kg. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 70 Doc.IRAN Project GT10B Basic Training Course Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page Auxiliary Systems 10 (13) Testing and service Testing during normal operation Accesibility during normal operation SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 71 Axial displacement (H1) initiates an alarm. Big axial displacement (L2) initiates a turbine trip.  Key phasor, PT rotor angle MBB10CG010 The key-phasor detects rotor angle at balancing of the PT rotor. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 72 The PT100 is spare for MBB10CT105.  Vibration transducer, bearing (no.3) vibration MBB10CY005 The accelerometer is continuously monitoring the vibrations. High vibrations (H1) initiates an alarm. High vibrations (H2) initiates a turbine trip. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 73 Page Auxiliary Systems 13 (13)  Vibration transducer, bearing (no.4) vibration MBB10CY010 The accelerometer is continuously monitoring the vibrations. High vibrations (H1) initiates an alarm. High vibrations (H2) initiates a turbine trip. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 74  Explain how starter motor operate shut off, the system keeps the gas generator when there is a loss of AC power  Explain the purpose of clutch running at barring speed for cooling down coupling purposes. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 75: General Description Of The System
The starting system is provided with a manually operated withdrawable crankshaft. The crankshaft can be used to exactly position the rotor, for example during a boroscope inspection. A limit switch prevents that the GT can be started with the crankshaft left in position. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 76 When the purging time has elapsed fuel is injected and the gas turbine is ignited. The starting motor helps the GT accelerate beyond the self-sustaining speed, approx 5400 rpm. The SSS clutch will then disengage and the motor is switched off. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 77 SFC, the SSS clutch will engage and thereby the gas generator rotor will be driven by the starting system for cooling down. Stand still The system is kept unactive during stand still. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 78 Starting motor or clutch break down, before or during shut down, means that barring or starting is impossible. Other faults The starting system is not available for operation when certain faults occur in the gas generator or in the other systems. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 79 Nominal speed range 0 - 5000 rpm. Max. speed 5800 rpm during one minute. Installation The starting system is installed in front of the gas generator. Materials Component data See the system lists. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 80 Doc.IRAN Project GT10B Basic Training Course Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page Auxiliary Systems 7 (8) Testing and service Testing during normal operation Accessibility during normal operation SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 81: Main Components
The stator winding of the motor is temperature monitored by three thermistors. Limit switch MBJ10CG005 The limit switch prevents that the GT can be started with the barring tool left in position. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 82 Air main circuit  Explain how the seal air fan leakage. motors operate when there is a loss of AC power  Sealing air to bearing no 3 is taken from bleed cavity no……. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 83 Refer to P&ID 2042 750. A part of the flow of air through the compressor is extracted for the purpose of sealing the bearings and cooling of hot parts. Fig. MBH Cooling and sealing air system SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 84 One part of the air flows from the bearing to the outlet casing, the other part flows with the return oil flow to the oil reservoir. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 85 Cooling air to the power turbine is mainly taken from the HP bleed cavity. Cooling and sealing air is fed via an external pipe to a ring manifold. From there, individual flexible hoses supply the third stage guide vanes with cooling for disc cooling purposes. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 86 During shut down, the system is operating as long as the gas generator is running and 1 minute after turbine shut down. Stand still After shut down the system is not in operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 87 - Flow obstructions in channels or inside piping will decrease the sealing and cooling efficiency. Actions for the operators to take during alarm & trips are included in the plant operation documentation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 88 By pass channels are made of carbon steel. The seal air cooler is made of stainless steel except the supporting frame to the heater, which is made of galvanised steel. Component data See the aggregate and instrument lists. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 89 8 (9) Testing and service Testing during normal operation No function test is possible during normal operation. Accessibility during normal operation No objects in the system are available for maintenance during normal operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 90 The purpose of the orifice is to restrict the sealing flow of air to bearing no 3.  Orifice MBH10BP205 The purpose of the orifice is to restrict the flow of air in the drain from the seal air cooler. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 91 AC power prevent objects from entering the compressor.  Explain the purpose of A silencer reduces the compressor inlet noise MBL20CP005 breakout to the environment to a specified level. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 92 The pulse cleaning sequence is activated on high differential pressure across the filter. The pulsing is performed by shut-off valves, one per two filter cartridges. The dust collected during pulse cleaning is removed from the filter housing by dust removal fans. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 93 The baffles consist of square-formed boxes of perforated sheet metal filled with mineral wool. The system is designed to match local air quality and weather conditions. Fig. Filter section Fig. Dust removal fan SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 94 Dust is removed from the filter sections by the fans. Turbine stop Air flow through the inlet decreases as the GT coasts down. Stand still The system is not affected by the turbine stand still. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 95 Other faults Loss of air to the pulse clean ejectors, taken from an instrument air system, results in absent filter cleaning ability. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 96 The air accumulators for the pulse clean filter are designed to be excluded from the ASME pressure vessel codes (diameter less than 6”). Dimensioning data Air flow at 15C, ISO conditions 79,5 kg/s SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 97: Engineering Data
Galvanised carbon steel/plastic Inlet channel Painted carbon steel Baffle plates Marine aluminium plate Plenum chamber external Painted carbon steel plate Plenum chamber internal Perforated stainless steel plate Component data See the system lists. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 98 Maintenance work on the pre-filter can be carried out during plant operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 99  Weather louver MBL21AT005, MBL22AT005, MBL23AT005 and MBL24AT005 The weather louver prevents objects and precipitation from entering the air intake. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 100  Differential pressure transmitter MBL30CP015 The transmitter is monitoring the differential pressure between the compressor inlet and outside the GT enclosure. High differential pressure (L1) initiates an alarm. High differential pressure (L2) initiates a turbine trip. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 101  Activate a fast shut-off of the fuel supply in case of a turbine trip in order to prevent damage to the machinery.  To check tightness of fuel shut-off valves.  To supply the ignition gas system with ignition gas. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 102 The gas fuel system comprise two units, the gas fuel unit 1 which is located outside the GT enclosure and the gas fuel unit 2 which is installed in the frame of the gas turbine. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 103 The gas fuel shut-off valves open when purging of the gas turbine is ready, the ignition flame is detected, the gas fuel control valves are in the ignition position and rotor speed is correct for ignition. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 104 The shut-off valves and the isolation valve are closed. The ventilation valve MBP10AA230 is open. The control valves are in minimum position MBQ20AA020 Gas to Burner #6 Fuel injector Fig. MBP Gas fuel system SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 105 Reduced instrument air pressure will result in malfunctioning of following objects. Isolation valve (Unpressurised position = closed position) Shut-off valves (Unpressurised position = closed position) Ventilation valves (Unpressurised position = opened position) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 106 Valves and piping downstream filter are made of stainless steel. Valves and piping upstream filter are made of carbon steel. Filter casing is made of carbon steel. Component data See the system lists SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 107 7 (12) Testing and service Testing during normal operation No function test is possible during normal operation. Accessibility during normal operation No objects in the system are available for maintenance during normal operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 108 The filter is a coalescer filter and is to be considered as a “last chance” filter to protect the system and the gas turbine. Exchange of filter elements can not be done during operation.  Isolation valve MBP05AA255 (manually operated) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 109 An automatic valve leakage test sequence is performed at start-up. The valve can only be operated in automatic mode and is also closed via the lock out trip relays.  Pressure reducing valve MBP10AA040, MBP10AA045 SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 110 There are two limit switches indicating “open” and "closed" incorporated with the valve If the valve is detected to be in wrong position an alarm is given and, at start-up, the start is aborted. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 111 The maximum and minimum position limit switches indicate that the valve is outside its operating range. This will block the servo motor drive unit preventing further movement in respective direction. The maximum and minimum SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 112 The control valve will decrease the fuel flow quickly at turbine load loss detection, thus preventing over speed trip. The control valve is only operated in automatic mode, but can be operated manually for testing. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 113 6 with gas during ignition of the gas turbine. operate when there is a loss of power supply  Understand the function of control valve MBQ10AA050  Explain the function of flame detector in the ignition system. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 114 Burner No. 6 is supplied with gas that flows through one manual control valve/orifice, two automatic shut-off valves and into burner no. 6. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 115 MBQ20AA010 respectively. Turbine stop The ignition gas system is not in operation. There is pressurised gas and instrument air in the system upstream the two shut-off valves MBQ10AA420, MBQ10AA040, and MBQ20AA010 respectively. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 116 Stand still The ignition gas system is not in operation. There is pressurised gas and instrument air in the system upstream the two shut-off valves MBQ10AA420, MBQ10AA040, and MBQ20AA010 respectively. MBQ. Ignition Chamber SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 117 Reduced instrument air pressure will result in malfunction of the following objects. MBQ10AA040 & MBQ10AA045 (Unpressurised position=closed position) MBQ10AA420 & MBQ10AA425 (Unpressurised position=closed position) MBQ20AA010 & MBQ20AA015 (Unpressurised position=closed position) MBQ20AA020 (Unpressurised position=open position) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 118 Materials All parts in contact with the ignition gas are made of stainless steel. Component data See the system lists. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 119 No functional test is possible during start-up and normal operation of the gas turbine. Accessibility during normal operation Valves and instruments upstream of MBQ10AA040, MBQ10AA420 and MBQ20AA010 are available for maintenance during normal operation of the gas turbine. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 120 Control valve MBQ10AA050 The purpose of the valve is to control the flow of gas to the ignition gas burner. The control valve is a needle type valve that is operated manually. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 121 MBQ10AA430. The valve is of a spring closing type and if the closing order or the operating air for any reason disappears the valve returns to its closed position. The valve is operated automatically. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 122 There is one limit switch indicating closed position. The valve is operated automatically. Safety valve MBQ20AA210 The safety valve is to protect the components of the burner no. 6 connection from high pressures. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 123 The valve is of a spring opening type and if the closing order or the operating air for any reason disappears the valve returns to its open position. There is one limit switch indicating closed position. The valve is operated automatically. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 124  Explain the meaning "cooling sequence after a turbine stop.  The system will continuously deliver oil to the down period". consumers in case of an AC power loss. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 125: General Description Of The System
The SFC's are supplied with direct AC feeding which is backed up by a battery system including the battery and one charger (the charger is used for float charging of the batteries). SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 126 Before entering the distribution piping the oil is filtered by a 2x100% duplex oil filter. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 127 From the tank the oil mist passes through a filter extracting the oil from the air. The oil is returned to the tank and the air outlet is connected to atmosphere. Figure. MBV Lube Oil Filter (General illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 128 The heaters in the lube oil tank keep the oil warm. During longer stand still periods it is recommended that the heaters are turned off in order to extend the oil lifetime. Fig. MBV Lube Oil System SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 129 Other faults Fault in connecting systems:  External leakage Leakage in the consumers or external flange connections may cause decreased oil pressure or low lube oil tank level. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 130: Installation
The piping downstream the lube oil filter are made of stainless steel. Impulse tubing and orifices are made of stainless steel. Pump casings and valves are made of cast iron or better. Component data Refer to the aggregate and instrument lists. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 131 The instruments are situated in weld-in thermowells.  The pressure gauges are replaceable during operation.  Lube oil filling is possible.  Lube oil samples can be taken. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 132 AC-motor. The pump is controlled together with the low pressure lube oil pump group1 MBV21AP005 as one lube oil group. See description for MBV21AP005. Internal pressure relief valve protects from excessive overpressure. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 133 The transmitter is monitoring differential pressure, across Bearing no. 2, in order to prevent bearing damage. High pressure (H1) initiates an alarm. Low pressure (L1) initiates an alarm. Low pressure (L2) initiates a turbine trip. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 134  Lube oil cooler no.1, 2and 3, air cooled, MBV30AC015, MBV30AC020 and MBV30AC025 Air cooled heat exchanger module with associated AC-motor driven fan. The cooler is continuously vented to the tank by piping and an orifice in order to avoid air pockets. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 135 To make change-over between filters possible during turbine operation, the filters are provided with a manual change-over valve function. The valves are mechanically interconnected and designed to avoid significant system pressure drop during change-over. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 136 The Pt100 sensor is monitoring the oil temperature, after cooling, in order to prevent damage to the consumers. Low temperature (L1) interlocks activation of the start motor. High temperature (H1) initiates an alarm. High temperature (H2) initiates a turbine trip. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 137 Low level (L2) initiates an alarm. A possible reason for reaching the alarm level might be severe loss of oil in the system due to leakage. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 138 The switch is integrated in the heater MBV10AH005 and MBV10AH010. High temperature (H2) automatically disconnects the power in order to prevent overheating of the heater element. The switch has to be manually reset after an activation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 139 Low temperature (L1) initiates start of the heaters, in order to heat the oil before start of the turbine or to maintain the oil temperature during standstill. Low temperature (L2) gives an alarm and turbine start interlock SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 140: Auxiliary Systems
 The shut off dampers shall close when the fire fighting system is activated. The auxiliary room ventilation system is designed to supply the auxiliary room with necessary amount of air for cooling. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 141: General Description Of The System
GT room. Air is taken from the same inlet filter house as the GT room ventilation, but one filtersection is devided for the auxiliary room. Ventilation with overpressure in the auxiliary room is used for all applications. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 142 After 3 hours the heat radiation from the gas turbine has decreased sufficiently to allow the fans to be stopped. Stand still The ventilation FG can be manually operated any time during stand still, except when a gas warning is active. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 143 Loss of fire fighting system 24 VDC closes the shut off dampers. Faults Fault in connecting systems: Failure in fire fighting system may close the shut off dampers, resulting in improper ventilation. See also fire fighting system description. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 144: Technical Specification
GT exhaust. Materials Material will be selected regarding to GT enclosure. Ducts and units in painted galvanised steel Component data See the system lists SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 145 6 (8) Testing and service Testing during normal operation No function test is possible during normal operation. Accessibility during normal operation Filters in the air inlet can be changed during normal operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 146: Main Components
Limit switch, inlet shut off damper SAG10AB005-S11 Shut off damper, inlet SAG10AB010 The shut off damper prevents air from entering the enclosure, thereby maintaining the CO2 concentration, in case of fire. Limit switch, inlet shut off damper SAG10AB010-S11 SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 147 Low pressure (L2) initiates a turbine trip after 30 seconds. Outlet silencer SAG10BS020 The silencer prevents noise breakout to the environment. Outlet weather louver SAG10AT040 The weather louver prevents objects and precipitation from entering the ventilation outlet. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 148  Explain how gas detection system operate when there is a loss of AC power  Why is it nessary to spread out the gas detection in to tree different areas. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 149 High gas level: 10% LEL High- high gas level: 25% LEL The central unit has on/off switches, light emitting diodes for alarm and failure. The line unit is also used for calibration purpose. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 150 Stand still When the gas turbine is not in operation, the system can be in normal operation or shut down. After shut down of the gas turbine, the detectors can be calibrated. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 151 The central control unit is powered from the 24 VDC battery back up. System faults Detector faults will give a fault signal to the control and supervision system. Other faults Fault in connecting systems: No systems are connected to the gas detection system. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 152 - at floor level in the gas generator room. - in the inlet air duct to the gas turbine. The control unit is installed in the control room. Component data See the system lists SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 153 Page Auxiliary Systems 6 (7) Testing and service Testing during normal operation No function test is possible during normal operation. Accessibility during normal operation The detectors are not accessible during normal operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 154 Signals given: - Warning, high gas level (H1). - Alarm, high-high gas level (H2). - Gas detection fault. The L.E.L level for each detector can be displayed locally at the detection units. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 155  To extinguish a fire when the detection system dampers in case of fire. gives a signal.  Explain the purpose of the  To extinguish a fire when the system is dampers in case of gas leak. manually released. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 156 CO pressure controlled time-delay unit. This unit will delay the discharge from the pilot cylinder 30 seconds before it releases the main -bottles. Fig. Extinguishing bottles, (General illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 157 -Indication (Fire warning) to the control and supervision system. -Two red warning lights will flash outside the protected room. -Fire warning will be indicated on the central fire alarm unit. Fig. Warning lights and manual release button, (General illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 158 The retarding device starts running The timer will after a 30s time delay open the remaining cylinder valves is discharged via nozzles into the protected room (s) Fig. Weighing device (General illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 159 GT10B Basic Training Course Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page Auxiliary Systems 5 (13) Start up The system shall be in operation prior to gas turbine start up. Fig. Manual blocking device (General illustration) SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 160: Continuous Operation
The system shall be in operation during gas turbine stop. Stand still The system shall be in operation during gas turbine stand still. Empty cylinders should normally be replaced during stand still and always with the fire extinguishing system blocked. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 161 Other faults Fault in connecting systems: Shut off damper fault will limit the fire extinguishing system function. The consequence may be that a fire is not extinguished. See also ventilation system description. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 162 All other equipment is located outside the protected rooms. central fire alarm unit is installed in the control room. Materials Piping is made of galvanised steel. Nozzles are made of brass. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 163 No function test, except for CO cylinder contents control, is possible during normal operation. Accessibility during normal operation All components in the fire extinguishing system are accessible for visual inspection during normal operation. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 164 The non-return valves isolate the cylinders from each other preventing CO to enter a possibly empty cylinder. Test connections SGJ10AA301 The test connections are used to test the pneumatic sirens and the mechanical release equipment. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 165 The information is for example: Fire Warning Fire (alarm) Trip released Fire syst. blocked Fire EQ fault Shut off damp OP GG This information is also sent to the GT control system. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 166 Warning lights steady green (CO blocked) SGJ10EG001-H01 and SGJ10EG002- Green light, installed outside each entrance door to the protected rooms, will be activated when the system is blocked with the blocking device. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 167 CO concentration in the protected room. The shut off damper closes using spring force by deactivation of a solenoid valve. Shut off dampers are part of the ventilation system description. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 168 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Table of Contents Table of Contents Introduction ............1 1.1 Before reading this document ........1 1.2 Purpose of this document ..........1 1.3 General safety ............... 1 1.4 Additional information ............ 2 General ..............3 Washing intervals ..........
Page 169: Introduction
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Introduction 1. Introduction 1.1 Before reading this document Make sure that you are familiar with the content of the following documents:  Maintenance Safety Is dealing with the safety precautions that has to be done while working with the Gas Turbine (GT).
Page 170: Additional Information
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Introduction CAUTION: If the ambient air temperature is, or is expected to fall within the limits 0°C to –10°C when washing Off-Line, anti-freeze agent must replace the water. This is because the compressors are likely to be damaged if ice is ingested.
Page 171: General
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) General 2. General The air pollution passing the air intake filters will develop deposits on the blades of the compressor. This results in reduced flow capacity, loss of compressor efficiency and can even cause surging. As the deposits grow they may scale off and cause plugging of the cooling channels.
Page 172: Washing Intervals
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals 3. Washing intervals According to chapter General advisable operation time between compressor washings varies from site to site. Local experience should be built up based on observations according to the enclosed log sheets. As a minimum Off-Line compressor washing shall be performed if: ...
Page 173 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals Figure 3.1 Normalized mass flow versus normalized gas generator speed y = 0.0227x - 140.88 Base line June 2001 Aug 2001 97% of Base line 8500 8600 8700 8800 8900 9000 9100 9200 9300 9400 9500 9600...
Page 174: Performance Monitoring Procedure
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals 3.1.1 Performance monitoring procedure CAUTION: Readings must be taken during steady state operation. Steady state is obtained after 45 minutes at the same load right after the GT start up. After a load change, steady state is obtained after 15 minutes at the same load.
Page 175: Performance Equations And Measured Data
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals 3.1.2 Performance equations and measured data Performance parameters to be calculated according to equations below: mc* = Normalised compressor mass flow (kg/s) η = Polytropic compressor efficiency (%)  = Pressure ratio over compressor (-) Measured data and their KKS numbers: = Compressor inlet mass flow (kg/s) MBT10 FF901...
Page 176 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals                 According to the diagram below.      Average Figure 3.2 Parameter for calculation of the polytropic compressor efficiency Average (k-1/k) vs (t3+t2)/2 0.286 0.285...
Page 177 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing intervals Off-Line compressor washing is recommended when any of the following conditions are fulfilled:  baseline    baseline where mc*,baseline and η , baseline are either read in the Excel diagrams or else calculated from polynomials made by Excel. Comparisons between actual and base line values for mc* and η...
Page 178: Cleaning Solution
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Cleaning solution 4. Cleaning solution Handle the cleaning and anti-freeze agents with care! Contact and/or inhalation can involve health hazards, like irritated skin and/or breathing difficulties. Always read the sub-supplier's product data and safety data sheets before usage. 4.1 Cleaning agents The washing fluid used for Off-Line washing consists of a mixture of water and cleaning agent.
Page 179: Washing Equipment
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing equipment 5. Washing equipment 5.1 Washing nozzles The GT is equipped with 4 nozzles for compressor washing. The nozzles are mounted on the shaft cover between the GT start motor and the compressor. On the connection between the nozzles and the washing unit, there is a filter. Figure 5.1 Placement of washing nozzles Washing nozzles 1CCG50249en-2...
Page 180: Washing Unit
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing equipment 5.2 Washing unit Main data: There are two tanks. The volume of each tank is 80 l. The fluids may be heated to maximum 60 °C. The working pressure of the fluids is 50-60 bar(g). For a more detailed description of the equipment, refer to Sub-Supplier's Documentation.
Page 181 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing equipment Figure 5.2 Washing unit and control panel 1CCG50249en-2 2003-09-16 13 (22)
Page 182: Equipment Unit Code Key
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing equipment 5.3 Storage of equipment at freezing temperatures The washing equipment must not be exposed to freezing temperatures unless it has been prepared as described below. It is recommended to perform this preparation in conjunction with Off-Line compressor washing during that part of the year when freezing temperatures may occur, since the GT must be stopped and cooled in accordance with chapter Preparations prior to washing.
Page 183: Preparations Prior To Washing
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Preparations prior to washing 6. Preparations prior to washing CAUTION: Be careful not to get foreign particles into the washing system. Dirt in the compressor washing system can clog the washing nozzles. 6.1 General Make notes according to the enclosed log sheets. Shut down the GT.
Page 184: Filling Of Tanks
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Preparations prior to washing 6.2 Filling of tanks Use only the recommended cleaning and anti-freeze agents and the specified water quality according to chapter Cleaning solution. Filling of the tanks may be performed either via the tank lids on the top of each tank or else via the external filling connections.
Page 185: Washing Procedure
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing procedure 7. Washing procedure Never put your hands in front of the washing nozzle spray. If the skin is hit by sprayed liquid follow the recommendations in the sub-supplier's product data and safety data sheets. Never operate the washing unit if there are any leaks from fittings, pipes or hoses.
Page 186: Off-Line Washing Sequence Overview
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing procedure 7.1 Off-Line washing sequence overview Figure 7.1 Off-Line compressor washing Conditions: GT shut down and cooled prior to washing. Washing and rinsing fluid pressure 50-60 bar (g). GT running on 2300 rpm (purge) when injecting washing or rinsing fluid. GT running on 215 rpm (barring) when soaking.
Page 187: General Notes
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing procedure 7.2 General notes The GT has to be cooled before the washing procedure can take place, see chapter Preparations prior to washing. At ambient air temperatures of 0ºC and below, the water must be replaced by Turbotect ARF-301, see chapter Cleaning solution.
Page 188 Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing procedure OS - Stop 'FG Purging'. Let the washing fluid injected in the compressor soak and drain for approximately 15 minutes while the GT is barring (general note 7). OS - Activate 'FG Purging', the start motor accelerates the gas generator to purging speed.
Page 189: Actions After Washing
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Washing procedure 7.4 Actions after washing At the WU: Remove the high-pressure hose from the washing unit and connect it to the purging air pipe instead. Blow purge air for at least 30 seconds in order to empty the water in the nozzles, pipes and hoses.
Page 190: Appendices
Compressor Washing Instruction (OFF-line) Appendices 8. Appendices Compressor Washing Log Sheet Performance Log Sheet GTI W491023E "Recommended products for compressor cleaning in GT35C, GT10B/C and GTX100 Gas Turbines" GTI W220027E "Guidelines for water and steam condensate quality in ALSTOM Power Gas Turbines" 1CCG50249en-2 2003-09-16 22 (22)
Page 191 Doc. IRAN Project GT10B Basic Training Course Page Auxiliary Systems 1 (13) CHA, CJP, CWA Computer System Purpose of the system Section Goals On completion of this section you The purpose of the system is to control unit and should be able to: gas turbine/compressor unit during start up, normal operation, and to protect from human ...
Page 192 In the normal scope of computers, an engineering tool, Advant Station AS100ES is included for maintenance, troubleshooting and reconfiguration of all process computers. This engineering tool is to be used by commissioning engineers and maintenance staff. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 193 Process Portal is a standard 19" rack mounted industrial PC. The configuration of the Process Portal Station Intel Pentium 3 running at 850 Mhz 1Gb RAM 2*30Gb hard drive running in RAID 1(mirroring) CD-RW for external backups Floppy disk SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 194 Process Portal Station. Master Bus 300 is a high performance serial synchronous half duplex bus for medium communication distances. Master Bus 300 conforms to IEEE 802.2 class 1. The board is positioned in CJP60. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 195 Communication board for Advant Fieldbus communication. Communication between AC410 and all Advant Controllers 110.A modem is used in the AC410 end. Modbus communication board and cable are used for communication with client computers. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 196 Type of output Relay contact Load supply max 250V DC or AC Load supply min 5 V DC Output current, rated Output current, min 100mA or 2.5 VA DC output load max SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 197 AF100 communication to the AC410 computer for automatic and sequencing. The digital signals are time tagged in the AC110 computers and sent to AC410 as well. In AC410 computer, all signals are available for presentation to Process Portal Station. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 198 Digital outputs 16 channels/board Type of output Relay contact Load supply max 250V DC or AC Load supply min 12 V DC Output current, rated Output current, min 20mA DC output load max SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 199 At stand still, the safety system is released, i.e. the trip relay is deenergized and the fuel SOV´s are closed. All computers however are active, meaning all programs are active ready for manual orders and indication of turbine status. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 200 The computer system is of “fail safe” design and will trip the gas turbine if the system fails. The protection computers and AC410 have halt indication which immediately trips out turbine at halted processor. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 201 COMPUT. MON. 3 CPU FAILURE STATION 11(AC410) Cause/purpose Serious fault has been indicated from automatic & sequencing computer. Stalling CPU or power supply fault is probably the cause.  Fault relay has dropped Condition SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 202 The computer system is of “fail safe” design. Dimensioning data Engineering data Emergency power supply Power supply to the computer system is taken from UPS. Installation Refer to syst. description distribution cubicles BRA. Materials Component data See hardware. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...
Page 203 GT10B Basic Training Course Rev. ind. Techn. Area / DCC Page Auxiliary Systems 13 (13) TESTING AND SERVICE Testing during normal operation Accessibility during normal operation From operator station Process Portal Station. SE-612 83 FINSPONG, Sweden Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB...

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