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EUTECH INSTRUMENTS AMMONIUM EPOXY Instruction Manual

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Instruction Manual

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

Eutech Instruments Ammonium Ion Electrode is used to measure ammonium ions in aqueous
solutions in a more simple, quick, accurate, and economical manner.

Required Equipment

1.
A pH/mV meter or an ion meter, either line operated or portable.
2.
Semi-logarithmic 4-cycle graph paper for preparing calibration curves when using the
meter in the mV mode.
3.
A magnetic stirrer.
4.
Eutech Ammonium Ion Combination Epoxy-body Electrode, Code no. EC-NH4-03.

Required Solutions

1.
Deionized or distilled water for solution and standard preparation.
2.
Eutech Ionic Strength Adjuster (ISA), 5M NaCl, Code no. EC-ISA-AM1-BT to keep a
constant background ionic strength present in the solution. To prepare the 5M NaCl ISA
from your own laboratory stock, add 292 grams of reagent-grade sodium chloride (NaCl)
to a 1,000 ml volumetric flask about half full of distilled water. Swirl the flask to dissolve
the solid and fill to the mark with distilled water. Cap the flask and invert several times to
mix the solution. Add 2 ml of ISA to every 100 ml of sample or standard solution for a
background ionic strength of 0.10M.
3.
Eutech Ammonium Standard, 0.1M NH
standard, add 5.34 grams of reagent-grade ammonium chloride to a 1 liter volumetric flask
about half full of distilled water. Swirl the flask to dissolve the solid and fill to the mark
with distilled water. Cap the flask and invert several times to mix the solution.
4.
Eutech Ammonium Standard, 1,000 ppm NH
this standard, add 2.97 grams of reagent-grade ammonium chloride to a 1 liter volumetric
flask about half full of distilled water. Swirl the flask to dissolve the solid and fill to the
mark with distilled water. Cap the flask and invert several times to mix the solution.
EUTECH INSTRUMENTS PTE LTD.
AMMONIUM ION ELECTRODE
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Cl, Code no. EC-SCS-AM1-BT. To prepare this
4
+1
, Code no. EC-SCS-AM2-BT. To prepare
4
1
Ammonium Electrode

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Summary of Contents for EUTECH INSTRUMENTS AMMONIUM EPOXY

  • Page 1: General Instructions

    AMMONIUM ION ELECTRODE INSTRUCTION MANUAL GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Eutech Instruments Ammonium Ion Electrode is used to measure ammonium ions in aqueous solutions in a more simple, quick, accurate, and economical manner. Required Equipment A pH/mV meter or an ion meter, either line operated or portable.

  • Page 2: General Preparation

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual GENERAL PREPARATION Electrode Preparation Remove any rubber cap(s) covering the electrode tip(s) and the rubber inserts covering the filling holes of the reference electrode. Fill the combination electrode or the reference electrode with the filling solution shipped with the electrode to a level just below the fill hole. No preparation is required for a sealed reference electrode.

  • Page 3: Measurement

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode TROUBLESHOOTING indicated by a slope of 90-100%. See the section if the slope is not within this range. MEASUREMENT Measuring Hints The sensing membrane is normally subject to water uptake and might appear milky. This has no effect on performance.

  • Page 4: Measurement Procedure

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual TABLE 1: Concentration Unit Conversion Factors ppm NH ppm N moles/liter NH 1.80 1.40 1x10 18.00 14.00 1x10 180.00 140.00 1x10 Measurement Procedure Direct Measurement A simple procedure for measuring a large number of samples. A single meter reading is all that is required for each sample.

  • Page 5: Direct Measurement Of Ammonium (Using An Ion Meter)

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode A calibration curve is constructed on semi-logarithmic paper when using a pH/mV meter in the direct measurement procedure. The measured electrode potential in mV (linear axis) is plotted against the standard concentration (log axis). In the linear region of the curve, only three standards are necessary to determine a calibration curve.

  • Page 6: Low Level Ammonium Determination (Using A Standard Ph/Mv Meter)

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual Immerse the electrode tip(s) in the solution and wait for the reading to stabilize. Read the concentration directly from the meter display. The electrodes should be re-calibrated every 1-2 hours. Simply repeat Steps 2-8 (2-9) above. Low Level Ammonium Determination (using a standard pH/mV meter) This procedure is recommended for solutions with ionic strengths less than 1.0 x 10 - M.

  • Page 7: Low Level Ammonium Determination (Using An Ion Meter)

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode Measure out 100 ml of the sample into a 150 ml beaker, add 1 ml of low level ISA, and place the beaker on the magnetic stirrer. Begin stirring. Lower the electrode tip(s) into the solution. After the reading has stabilized, record the mV reading and determine the concentration from the low level calibration curve.

  • Page 8: Temperature Influences

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual 2.0X10 - 2.0X10 2.0X10 - 2.0X10 +Tris is the cation of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Interference (ppm) 100 ppm NH 10 ppm NH 1 ppm NH 1.0X10 1.0X10 2.7X10 1 2.7X10 3.1X10 3.1X10 3.1X10 1.6 pH 2.6 pH 3.6 pH 2.7X10 2.7X10 2.7X10...

  • Page 9: Electrode Response

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode Electrode Response Plotting the electrode mV potential against the ammonium concentration on semi-logarithmic paper results in a straight line with a slope of about 56 mV per decade. Refer to Figure 1. The time needed to reach 99% of the stable electrode potential reading, the electrode response time, varies from one minute or less for ammonium concentration above 1.0X10 - M to several minutes near the detection limit.

  • Page 10: Ph Effects

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual pH Effects Hydrogen ion interferes with measurements of low levels of ammonium ion although the electrode can be used over a wide pH range. Table 3 should be used to determine the minimum pH at which low level ammonium measurements can be made without more than a 10% error due to hydrogen ion interference.

  • Page 11: Troubleshooting

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode Σ = sum of all of the types of ions in the solution. In the case of high and constant ionic strength relative to the sensed ion concentration, the activity coefficient, γ , is constant and the activity, X, is directly proportional to the concentration. To adjust the background ionic strength to a high and constant value, ionic strength adjuster (ISA) is added to samples and standards.

  • Page 12: Standard

    If problems persist, review operational procedures and the instruction manual to be sure that proper technique has been followed. Call Eutech Instruments Pte Ltd. at (65) 6778-6876 and ask for the Customer Services Department to answer any questions.

  • Page 13: Troubleshooting Hints

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode TROUBLESHOOTING HINTS Symptom Possible Causes Next Step Out of Range defective meter check meter with Reading shorting strap (see meter instruction manual) electrode(s) unplug electrode(s) not plugged in and reset properly reference electrode be sure reference not filled electrode is filled air bubbles on...
  • Page 14 Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual Low Slope or standards contaminated prepare fresh No Slope or incorrectly made standards ISA not used use recommended ISA standard used as ISA use ISA defective electrode check electrode operation electrode exposed soak electrode to interference in ammonium standard air bubble on membrane remove bubble by...

  • Page 15: Specifications

    Instruction Manual Ammonium Electrode SPECIFICATIONS 1M to 5X10 - Concentration Range: M (18,000 ppm to 0.01 ppm) pH Range: 4 to 10 0 o to 40 o C (continuous) Temperature Range: 40 o to 50 o C (intermittent) Resistance: 100 megaohms ±2% Reproducibility: Samples:...

  • Page 16: Table Of Contents

    Ammonium Electrode Instruction Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS ......................1 Required Equipment........................1 Required Solutions .......................... 1 GENERAL PREPARATION......................2 Electrode Preparation ........................2 Electrode Slope Check (with standard pH/mV meter)..............2 Electrode Slope Check (with ion meter) ..................2 MEASUREMENT..........................

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Ammonium ion electrode

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