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Geoscan Gemini UAV User Manual

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User Manual
Updated on May 22, 2024

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Summary of Contents for Geoscan Gemini UAV

  • Page 1 User Manual Updated on May 22, 2024...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Contents Introduction Abbreviations List Main Information In The Box ......... Service .
  • Page 3 Launch Area Requirements Geoscan Planner Software System Requirements ........34 New Project .
  • Page 4 Appendix Specifications ........63 Equipment Identification .

  • Page 5: Introduction

    We always glad to help you and answer any questions. The information, specifications and pictures in this manual are relevant at the time of publication. Geoscan Group may change the UAV design or specifications without prior notice. Do not make any changes to UAV structure by yourself. Any UAV damages or degraded specifications caused by structure changes are not covered by the warranty.

  • Page 6: Abbreviations List

    Abbreviations List GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System Inertial Measurement Unit Operating System Unmanned Aerial System Unmanned Aerial Vehicle...

  • Page 7: Main Information

    Main Information Geoscan Gemini unmanned aerial system is designed to perform aerial survey and pro- duce the following spatial data: • 3D point clouds • Digital surface models • Digital terrain models (DTM) • Ortophoto mosaic maps • Textured 3D polygon models Fields of application: •...

  • Page 8: In The Box

    In The Box Geoscan Gemini UAV Flight Battery — 2 pcs. Battery Charger Propellers (pair) — 3 pcs. Radio Modem USB Type-C Cable SD Card 32 GB Documentation package Transport Case...

  • Page 9: Service

    Service After each flight visually inspect UAV for a damages. If propellers are damaged, you can replace them by using spare parts. If you detect any aircraft frame or system damages,contact our support for futher in- structions. After 160 hours total flight time we recommend you to send UAV to the manufac- turer for a technical check and service.

  • Page 10: Safety Rules

    Safety Rules Following rules must be observed: • Only persons who have read this manual are allowed to use Geoscan Gemini UAV. • Follow the dealer’s and/or manufacturer’s recommendations and instructions for use of the equipment, as given in this manual and received during operation period;...

  • Page 11: Aircraft

    Aircraft Aircraft Diagram 1. Sony UMC-R10С Digital Camera 5. Flight Battery 2. Precise Positioning Sensors 6. Electric Motors 3. SD Card Slot 7. Propellers 4. UAV Indicator 8. USB Type-C Port...

  • Page 12: Key Features

    Key Features This section contains a general description of Gemini’s systems. For more information please see Appendix section. Magnetic Compass Built-in magnetic compass allows accurately keep an orientation. GNSS Positioning Built-in high-precision GNSS receiver is supports dual frequency GPS/GLONASS L1/L2 tracking. GNSS tracking allows you to get the coordinates of the camera cen- ters in PPK mode with an 1.5 cm accuracy even at a long distance from the GNSS base unit.

  • Page 13: Internal And External Storage

    Internal and External Storage Aerial survey data is stored on a 32 GB internal drive. There are two ways to copy them to an external storage: • Connection with PC via USB Type-C cable • Copy flight data to SD card Install The Flight Battery in UAV slot (see Battery Installing And Ejecting section for...

  • Page 14: Uav Indication

    Press Copy Data to SD button in Geoscan Planner software to copy data of previous flights. Please see Geoscan Planner Software section for more information. SD Card Installation section for more information about SD card preparing. UAV Indication Gemini has a LED indicator, which informs about UAV status.

  • Page 15: Assembly

    Assembly Propellers Attach propellers to the motor shafts. Pay attention that propellers and shafts are different in their directions of rotation. Propellers and shafts with the same rotation are marked with the same silver or black marks. Icons on the centers of propellers indicate the direction of rotation for their installa- tion.

  • Page 16: Battery Installing

    Battery Installing Install flight battery in UAV slot until the fixing mechanism will click. DO NOT push ejecting buttons, when you are installing flight battery in UAV slot! Battery installing with pushed buttons may provide problems with attachment, battery disconnect during the flight and UAV fall! Make sure that you place the flight battery securely before flight! Press battery control button once, again, and hold for 2 seconds to turn UAV on.

  • Page 17: Sd Card Installing

    SD card after passing last point of flight task and will be saved on UAV internal storage only. Use Clear memory command in Geoscan Planner software to clean UAV internal memory.

  • Page 18: Sony Umc-R10C Digital Camera

    This fea- tures allow to take high-quality pictures even in low light conditions. Camera Settings Camera can be configured in Geoscan Planner software. UAV must be connected to the laptop. See Connection Settings section for more information. How to change camera settings in Geoscan Planner: •...
  • Page 19 Сamera settings Camera is activated directly during the camera stage of Start preparing check. The settings you have set in the Properties window will be automatically loaded. Shoot- ing is performed automatically during the flight task. The camera also can be used in manual mode (to set image quality, for example). Press Turn on or Turn off button to turn camera on or off.
  • Page 20 • Shutter priority — automatic setup of aperture value depends on the light intensity mea- surement in the shooting area. The shutter speed is set manually. • Exposure value —value that defines light sensitivity of the camera. Affects on the shutter speed in Shutter priority exposure mode.

  • Page 21: Camera Rotation

    Camera Rotation Geoscan Gemini allows to take not only planned survey, but also perspective shooting. In this case, the accuracy of 3D models are based on images will be much higher due to more accurate determination of object contours during photogrammetric processing.

  • Page 22: Javad Tr-2S Check And Update

    UAV before make settings. You can check it by UAV serial number de- cryption (please see Equipment Identification section and Geoscan Gem- ini UAS Data Sheet for more information). Gemini UAVs with other GNSS receivers does not require to update the factory settings.

  • Page 23: Functional Description Of Netview & Modem Software

    4. Select connection speed - 3000000 and press Connect button near COM port name. Connection speed setup After successful connection Main tab will be opened automatically. Functional Description of NetView & Modem Software TR2S window contains several expandable tabs (Parameters, Files, GNSS Spectra...). Expand buttons to switch them.
  • Page 24 Measurements list displays the basic tracking information. It shows the receiver target point, current position, receiver coordinates and time-frequency parameters describing the behavior of the receiver’s local oscillator. Latitude, Longitude, Ellipsoidal height - geodetic coordinates Position SEP - spherical error probable Velocity 2D - geodetic velocity Position RMS - position RMS error Velocity RMS - velocity RMS error...
  • Page 25 Real-Time Logging tab allows to start real-time recording of GNSS log. This User Manual covers only general scenario for options update and using in-built JAVAD TR-2S GNSS receiver with Gemini UAV. Please see full NetView & Modem Software Manual JAVAD website for more information.

  • Page 26: Javad Tr-2S Options Update

    Firmware update is also available in options tab. Please contact Geoscan sup- port to check a compatiblity status of the latest JAVAD GNSS receiver update with Gemini UAV. Otherwise, the latest update may result incompatibility be- tween GNSS receiver and UAV firmwares.

  • Page 27: Flight Battery

    Flight Battery Flight Battery is designed for use with Geoscan Gemini UAV only. Flight Battery should be charged only by using a battery charger designed for Geoscan Gemini battery. Fully charge the battery before the first usage (see Charge mode section for details).

  • Page 28: Battery Indication And Control

    Battery Indication and Control 1. Ejecting Buttons 2. Control Button 3. LEDs Press the Control Button to turn the Flight Battery on. LED indicators will show the bat- tery charge level. The battery LEDs are indicating charge level. Each turning on LED is a 25% of charge. Flashing LED is a 12,5% of charge.

  • Page 29: Battery Charger

    Battery Charger Battery charger is allows to charge up to 2 flight batteries and charge or discharge them up to 60% capacity, which is required for a long-time storage. Safety Rules • The battery charger should be operated at temperatures between 0 and +40°C without direct sunlight.

  • Page 30: Charger Diagram

    Charger Diagram 1. Port LED 2. Battery Port 3. Mode Switcher LED Indication Solution LEDs status Description LEDs flash green The charger is ready Install the batteries in the battery charger’s slots one by one Port LED glows Battery charging Wait until the battery charging process is complete progress Battery charge level correc-...

  • Page 31: Operating Modes

    Operating Modes The battery charger can work in two operating modes: Charge and Storage. Charge mode allows to charge up to 2 flight batteries. If 2 batteries are installed, battery with a large charge level will start charge first. Storage mode allows to automatically charge or discharge batteries up to 60% of batteries capacity, that needed to store the batteries for 14 days or more.

  • Page 32: Firmware Update

    In order to update a firmware of more than one battery, you should turn UAV power off, remove updated battery, replace a battery with an older firmware version and repeat upgrade process by renaming the file to update.gsc. Also you can copy the file and use it for update another Geoscan Gemini UAVs.

  • Page 33: Launch Area Requirements

    Launch Area Requirements The launch area should have a diam- eter of 5 meters without any barriers and must be magnetic compatible. There should be no massive metal objects, power lines and other high- rise structures nearby that may affect GNSS signal.

  • Page 34: Geoscan Planner Software

    Geoscan Planner Software Geoscan Planner software allows to configure UAV and create flight tasks for aerial survey of areas and single objects. System Requirements Minimum System Requirements Operating system MS Windows 7,8,10 Intel Core i3 4 Gb GPU Type Dedicated...

  • Page 35: New Project

    New Project 1) Install and launch Geoscan Planner software. 2) Enter your login and password in authentication window. 3) Click New project button.
  • Page 36 4) Enter a project name and shooting parameters in new project window. New project window...

  • Page 37: Aerial Surveying

    Aerial Surveying Aerial surveying is a polygon surveying. User sets vertices of the polygon (more than 3) and the software will automatically calculates a flight route. 1) Press Create aerial surveying on the toolbar. Create aerial surveying 2) Click on the map to set vertexes of aerial survey area. The program will auto- matically calculate the flight route.

  • Page 38: Change Flight Route Direction

    To remove the vertex: 1) right click on the vertex; 2) select Delete vertex. Delete vertex Change Flight Route Direction The need to change a flight route may be caused, if the force and direction of the wind are unfavorable (strong wind along the flight route of the polygon). Right-click on the polygon and select the option Optimization «Direction»...
  • Page 39 One of the vertices of the polygon will be colored gray. Use the point’s slider to set the flight route direction. Correction of the flight direction A new flight route through the polygon in a selected direction will be generated automatically.

  • Page 40: Start Point Changing

    Start Point Changing To change the polygon entry point, follow these steps: 1) Select a polygon. Selected polygon 2) Select vertex, right click and choose Make start point here. Context menu of a point The selected point will be marked with a flag...

  • Page 41: Linear Surveying

    Linear Surveying Create linear surveying tool allows to create a flight route along linear objects, such as: rivers, roads, oil pipelines, etc. . 1) Press Create linear surveying button on the toolbar. Create linear surveying button 2) Single clicks to set a path around an object. The program will automatically generate flight route.

  • Page 42: Flight By Points

    Flight By Points Create flight by points tool can be used for inspection of territories and overflights of high-rise objects. 1) Press Create flight by points button on the toolbar. Create flight by points button 2) Single clicks to select flight route points. Flight by points By default, aerial survey is not performed during the flight by points.

  • Page 43: Waiting Point

    We recommend to set the waiting point with wind measurement before each flight element at the height of the flight element, especially if they are located a large dis- tance from each other. Geoscan UAVs are not certified instruments of wind measurement. It can- not be used as a precise tool.

  • Page 44: Landing Point

    Waiting point in wind measure mode Landing Point Create landing point tool is used to set the UAV landing point. If there is no specified landing point, UAV will return to the starting point at the end of the flight task. 1) Press Create landing point button on the toolbar.

  • Page 45: Connection Settings

    UAV and laptop with installed Geoscan Planner software. Geoscan Gemini is equipped with one of two types of radio modem: 868 MHz or 2.4 GHz. The section describes their connection settings. The equipment is identified according to the decryption of serial number. For more information about included...
  • Page 46 The utility saves the list of added devices automatically. Before the next flights just run MdmDisp and check the successful connection. Adding a new device If UAV is not detected, reconnect the radio modem by right-click on the MdmDisp icon and select Reconnect.
  • Page 47 Connect UAV button The receiver will automatically detect UAV coordinates and display a position on the map. If connection is failed: • Check connection of the radio modem to laptop’s USB socket. • Check network settings in NetTopology. • Set COM-port of the radio modem manually. Right click on the MdmDisp antenna icon and select textbfSettings in the context menu.

  • Page 48: 2.4 Ghz Radio Modem Connection

    The command prompt window will be opened. Command prompt window 4. Launch Geoscan Planner software. 5. Select Connect to the UAV — Search… in Flight tab. UAV connection 6. Select Сonnection type — TCP, IP-adress — localhost, Port — 8000 and press OK button.

  • Page 49: Magnetic Compass Calibration

    Magnetic Compass Calibration Calibrate the UAV magnetic compass before flying over a new exploring area by select Flight — Service — Calibrate magnetic compass. Calibrate magnetic compass State on the thelemetry panel in Errors bar will change to Mag calib. The UAV LED indicator will lights yellow.

  • Page 50: Start Preparing

    Start Preparing Launch Start Preparing Wizard. Start preparing button Start preparing wizard window will be opened. Most checks are performed automati- cally. Follow instructions in the window. Start Preparing Wizard...
  • Page 51 Preparing stages: Initialization — Initialization of UAV systems. Flight mission — flight task checking and sending into UAV memory. Battery — battery life cycles, temperature and charge test. IMU check — inertial measurement units (gyroscope and accelerometer) check. Magnetic compass — magnetic compass check. UAV orientation —...
  • Page 52 Errors description: • Flight task cannot be performed — change a flight task. • Battery is not fully charged — The flight may be performed, but be aware that the battery capacity may not be enough for a full-time flight. A fully charged battery can provide up to 40 minutes of flight time.

  • Page 53: Flight

    Flight Press Start button to launch UAV. Start button Make sure that nothing is blocking propellers’ rotation and confirming the engines’ start. Starting engines approval Autopilot will check engines. Approve take-off confirmation window will be shown on the laptop screen. Approve the take-off. Start confirmation UAV will take off.

  • Page 54: Cancel Tool

    Cancel Tool Cancel tool directs the UAV to starting point. After reaching the starting point, UAV will perform the landing. Press the Cancel button. Cancel button UAV will start flying to the starting point and and will land on it. Immediate Landing Immediate landing tool is used to perform immediate landing on the current flight point.

  • Page 55: Guided Flight

    Guided Flight Guided flight option sets a destination point on the map and height. UAV will reach the point and start point holding until flight confirmation or until the automatic return is triggered by the battery low charge. 1) Press Guided flight button. Guided flight button 2) Click a point on the map and set the flight height above the ground (Elevation).

  • Page 56: Flight Without Using Magnetic Compass

    Flight Without Using Magnetic Compass UAV can be used with turned magnetic compass off to avoid distortions of magnetic data (aerial survey in polar latitudes, metal structures near the flight route). Select Flight — Service commands —Turn off magnetic compass to turn magnetic com- pass off.

  • Page 57: Semi-Automatic Control

    Semi-Automatic Control Semi-automatic control mode is possible after UAV pre-flight check and take-off. Press Semi-automatic control button. Semi-automatic control button The UAV control will be switched to semi-automatic mode. If the semi-automatic mode is activated, UAV autopilot will paused linear or aerial survey and will wait control commands (by screen buttons or keyboard) from UAV operator.

  • Page 58: Gnss Data Post-Processing

    UAV LED indicator will blink blue during data copying and processing. Wait for the end of copying process. The LED will change color to green. After that, you can copy data form SD card or internal memory and export them in Geoscan Planner post- processing tool.
  • Page 59 6) Set antenna’s Pole height (the distance from the terrain to base internal GNSS receiver) and Antenna type. Antenna type field depends on loaded from *.PCV file data. Geoscan Planner software uses igs14.atx file, which located in Geoscan Planner directory and contains commonly GNSS bases offsets. The path can be changed in PCV file field.
  • Page 60 Also you can set ignored satelites’ signals (G01,G02...) in Excluded satelites field. 8) Set the path for output data in Output data field. 9) Press Process button after specifing all settings. During the processing GNSS track coordinates will be exported in photos’ metadata (EXIF-tags) with time tags connection.

  • Page 61: Launch

    7) Press the battery control button once, again, and hold until all LEDs are lights first time ( 2 seconds), to turn UAV on and wait for system initialization. 8) Open a project in Geoscan Planner. Connect the UAV. Launch the Preparing wizard. Make sure, that pre-launch check is successful.

  • Page 62: Uav Disassembly

    UAV Disassembly 1) Disable UAV in the same way as you turn it on (Press the battery control button once, again, and hold until all LEDs are lights first time). 2) Attach the lens cap to the camera lens. 3) Press ejecting buttons of the battery and eject remove it from UAV battery slot. Always turn UAV off before removing the battery! 4) Hold the motor’s rotor and remove each propeller by rotating it in the opposite direction to what is indicated on the propeller’s icon..

  • Page 63: Specifications

    Appendix Specifications Aircraft multirotor Aerial vehicle type Motors electric brushless motors, 4 PCs Weight 2 kg (battery & propellers included) Diagonal size (excluding propellers) 550 mm Max. flight time 40 min vertical: 5 m/s, horizontal: 15 m/s Max. flight speed Max.
  • Page 64 Sony UMC-R10C Camera Max. resolution 5456 × 3632 (20.1 MP) Sensor size APS-C (23.2 × 15.4 mm) Shutter type mechanical, shutter speed, focal-plane Focal length 20 mm Max. aperture f/2,8 ISO range 100 – 16000 Mechanical shutter speed 1/4000 – 30 sec Camera center offset (relative to the Х: 0 m Y: -0,0721 m Z: 0,0953 m phase center of the onboard GNSS an-...
  • Page 65 Topcon B111 GNSS Receiver * Number of channels 226 universal tracking channels Acquisition time (hot/cold start) <15 / <44 sec Signals tracked GPS: L1/L2; GLONASS: L1/L2 Positioning accuracy (PPK) horizontal: 5 mm + 0.5 ppm × baseline length; vertical: 10 mm + 0.8 ppm × baseline length 868 MHz Radio Modem * Operating frequency 867.75 –...

  • Page 66: Equipment Identification

    Transport Case Транспортировочный кейс Battery Charger Dimensions ........638 × 505 × 224 mm Input voltage 100-240 V Внешние...
  • Page 67 Geoscan, LLC, 2021...

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