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DG Flugzeugbau LS8-s 2005 Manual

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DG Flugzeugbau GmbH
Otto-Lilienthal-Weg 2 / Am Flugplatz • • • • D-76646 Bruchsal • • • • Germany
Postfach 1480, D-76604 Bruchsal • • • • Germany
Tel. +49 (0) 7251/3020-100 • • • • Fax +49 (0) 7251/3020-200 • • • • eMail: dg@dg-flugzeugbau.de
Spareparts and Materials: Tel. +49 (0) 7251/3020-270 • • • • eMail: lager@dg-flugzeugbau.de
http://www.dg-flugzeugbau.de
LS8-s
Type:
Versions:
TCDS No.:
Serial-No.:
Registration Signs:
Edition:
Pages marked "EASA-approved" are approved by:
(Signature)
(Authority)
(Stamp)
(Date of Approval)
This sailplane is to be operated in compliance with information and
limitations contained herein.
F L I G H T M A N U A L
F O R T H E
S A I L P L A N E S
A N D
LS8
LS8-s
LS8-sb (Commercial Designation: LS8-sc from
ser.no. 8527 on)
EASA TCDS No. A.047
__________________________
__________________________
April 2005
19.August 2005
LS8-sb

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  • Page 1 DG Flugzeugbau GmbH Otto-Lilienthal-Weg 2 / Am Flugplatz • • • • D-76646 Bruchsal • • • • Germany Postfach 1480, D-76604 Bruchsal • • • • Germany Tel. +49 (0) 7251/3020-100 • • • • Fax +49 (0) 7251/3020-200 • • • • eMail: dg@dg-flugzeugbau.de Spareparts and Materials: Tel.
  • Page 2 A list of stations with experience at LS aircraft may be obtained from DG Flugzeugbau. • Even if no annual inspections are required in your country, have your aircraft checked annually, see Maintenance Manual chapter 2 •...
  • Page 3 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents ANUAL ONTENTS 0.1 Log of Revisions Any revision of the present manual, except actual weighing data, must be recorded in the following table and in case of approved Sections endorsed by the responsible airworthiness authority. The new or amended text in the revised page will be indicated by a black vertical line on the right margin, and the revision No.
  • Page 4 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents 0.2 List of Effective Pages Chapter Page Edition Edition Edition Edition Titel page April 2005 Warnings April 2005 See log of revisions See log of revisions See log of revisions See log of revisions See log of revisions April 2005 April 2005...
  • Page 5 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents 0.2 List of Effective Pages continued Chapter Page Edition Edition Edition Edition April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 3-10 April 2005 3-11 April 2005 3-12 April 2005...
  • Page 6 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents 0.2 List of Effective Pages continued Chapter Page Edition Edition Edition Edition 4-21 April 2005 4-22 April 2005 4-23 April 2005 4-24 April 2005 4-25 April 2005 4-26 April 2005 4-27 April 2005 Feb. 2011 4-28 April 2005 Feb.
  • Page 7 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents 0.2 List of Effective Pages continued Chapter Page Edition Edition Edition Edition April 2005 April 2005 Feb. 2011 Dec. 2011 April 2005 Feb. 2011 Dec. 2011 April 2005 April 2005 Dec. 2011 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005 April 2005...

  • Page 8: Table Of Contents

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Contents 0.3 T ABLE OF ONTENTS Section Chapter Approval Status 1 General.................. not approved 2 Limitations.................. approved 3 Emergency Procedures.............. approved 4 Normal Procedures ..............approved 5 Performance ..............partly approved 6 Weight and Balance ............. not approved 7 Description of Systems............

  • Page 9: General

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb General 1 General Contents of Chapter 1: Page 1 General ................1.1 Introduction..............1.2 Certification Basis............1.3 Warnings, Caution and Notes (Definitions) ....1.4 Descriptive and Technical Data........1.5 Three View Drawing............ Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 10 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb General 1.1 I NTRODUCTION This sailplane Flight Manual has been prepared to provide pilots and instructors with information for the safe and efficient operation of the LS 8-s and LS8-sb sailplanes. This manual includes the material required to be furnished to the pilot by JAR Part 22.
  • Page 11 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb General (Definitions) 1.3 W ARNINGS AUTIONS AND OTES The following definitions apply to warnings, cautions and notes used in the Flight Manual Warning: Means that the non-observation of the corresponding procedure leads to an immediate or important degradation of the flight safety.
  • Page 12 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb General 1.4 D ESCRIPTIVE AND TECHNICAL The LS 8-s and LS8-sb are single-seater sailplanes with carbon fibre wing shell, winglets, T-tail, wing and vertical tail fin water ballast systems, retractable and sprung landing gear, and upper wing surface air brakes. They may be operated in 15m or 18m span and winglets in both versions.
  • Page 13 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb General 1.5 T HREE RAWING Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 14 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations IMITATIONS Contents of Chapter 2: 2 Limitations ..............2-1 2.1 Introduction ..............2-2 2.2 Airspeeds (IAS) ............2-3 2.3 Airspeed Indicator colour markings ......2-4 2.4 Mass (Weight) ............. 2-5 2.5 Centre of gravity limits ..........2-6 2.6 Approved manoeuvres ..........

  • Page 15: Limitations

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.1 I NTRODUCTION Section 2 includes operating limitations, instrument markings and basic placards necessary for safe operation of the LS8-s and LS8-sb sailplanes, their standard systems and standard equipment. The limitations included in this section have been approved by EASA. The LS 8-s and LS8-sb sailplanes have been designed and approved according to JAR 22 requirements.

  • Page 16: Airspeeds (Ias)

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.2 A (IAS) IRSPEEDS Maximum permissible speed km/h Kt Remarks Never exceed speed in Do not exceed this speed in any calm air and up to an operation and do not use more than altitude above MSL of: 1/3 of control deflection 2000 m (6500 ft)

  • Page 17: Air Speed Indicator Colour Markings

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.3 A PEED NDICATOR OLOUR ARKINGS Airspeed indicator markings and their colour-code significance are shown below. Marking (IAS) range Significance or value Green arc 97-195 km/h Normal operating range 52-105 Kt (Air brakes retracted) 60-121 MPH Yellow arc 195-280 km/h...

  • Page 18: Mass (Weight)

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.4 M EIGHT Maximum take-off masses Maximum take-off mass (15m wing span) ......525 kg <1157 lbs> Maximum take-off mass (18m wing span) ......575 kg <1267 lbs> Important Note: When landing on airfields, water ballast should preferably be dumped.
  • Page 19 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations ) (continued) 2.6 M EIGHT Water ballast in wings (depending on loading conditions) ......max. 190 kg <419 lbs> Warning: Wing water ballast must always be compensated by tail fin water ballast according to table 4.7.10.5 . Tail fin water ballast (depending on wing water ballast) LS8-s with integral tail fin tank ......max.

  • Page 20: Centre Of Gravity Limits

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.5 C ENTRE OF RAVITY IMITS Datum Point: Leading edge of wing at root, when under side of fuselage boom is placed horizontal. LS8-s / LS8-sb Inflight C.G. position Inflight C.G. position [m m aft of Datum] Maximum allowable forward C.G.

  • Page 21: Approved Manoeuvres

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.6 A PPROVED MANOEUVRES ATEGORY OF IRWORTHINESS The sailplanes LS8-s and LS8-sb are approved for normal soaring flight (category "Utility") . Aerobatic flight not approved. 2.7 M ANOEUVRING ACTORS At 195 km/h <105 Kt, 121 MPH>......+5.3 g to -2.65 g At 280 km/h <151 Kt, 174 MPH>...

  • Page 22: Flight Crew

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.9 F LIGHT Maximum cockpit load (Pilot + parachute + baggage + temporary equipment, batteries in baggage compartment [The tail fin battery installed in the tail does not count for cockpit load; it counts, when the tail battery is installed in the baggage compartment for trim reason] trim weights) ..............max.

  • Page 23: Minimum Equipment

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.10 M INIMUM QUIPMENT • Airspeed Indicator: scale 50-300 km/h <27-162 Kt.; 31-186 MPH> Colour marking see chapter “Limitations” 2.3 Approved types and example of colour marking see Master Equipment List in Maintenance Manual chapter 6. Pressure pick-ups see section 7.9.
  • Page 24 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.11 A ERO TOW INCH LAUNCH AND 2.11.1 Maximum approved tow speeds Maximum approved winch-launch speed:..140 km/h <76 Kt.; 87 MPH> (also valid for Auto-tow launch) Maximum approved aero tow speed:..... 195 km/h <105 Kt.; 121 MPH> 2.11.2 Weak Links For Winch launch .....max.

  • Page 25: Operating Placards For Limitations

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Limitations 2.12 Further Limitations 2.12.1 O PERATING LACARDS FOR IMITATIONS 2.12.1.1 LS8-s DG-Flugzeugbau GmbH M I N I M U M C O C K P I T L O A D:___ kg / lbs Type: LS8-s Serial No.:_______ Minimum Cockpit Load with empty tail tank: ___ kg / lbs...
  • Page 26 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures MERGENCY ROCEDURES Contents of Chapter 3: 3 Emergency Procedures ............. 3-1 3.1 Introduction ................3-2 3.2 Emergency canopy jettison ........... 3-3 3.3 Emergency exit ..............3-4 3.4 Stall recovery ................ 3-5 3.5 Spin recovery ................ 3-6 3.6 Spiral dive recovery ..............

  • Page 27: Introduction

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.1 I NTRODUCTION Section 3 provides checklist and amplified procedures for coping with emergencies that may occur. Edition: April 2005 EASA appr.

  • Page 28: Emergency Canopy Jettison

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.2 E MERGENCY ANOPY ETISSON Canopy locks : pull both red handles to stops Right handle operates emergency canopy jettison, therefore longer travel as left handle. Hand force increases for emergency jettison travel to avoid unintentional jettison during normal operation.

  • Page 29: Emergency Exit

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.3 E MERGENCY Canopy - jetisson Seat harness - open Exit - Lift with arms over cockpit rim and push yourself away from the sailplane preferably dive under wing, to avoid the tail Edition: April 2005 EASA appr.

  • Page 30: Stall Recovery

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.4 S TALL ECOVERY Warning - slight tail shudder prior to entry - aileron effectiveness reduced by about 50% - sink rate increases considerably Termination - Stick forward to neutral until normal flight speed is achieved.

  • Page 31: Emergency Procedures

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.5 S ECOVERY Simultaneously: Elevator - push forward Rudder - full rudder deflection opposite to spin rotation Aileron - neutral or opposite to spin rotation for quicker termination Until rotation stops, then: Elevator - smooth but swift pull-out Altitude loss during recovery: about 100-150 m <300-450 ft>...

  • Page 32: Spiral Dive Recovery

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.6 S PIRAL ECOVERY Spiral dive may occur, when the sailplane terminates spinning on its own and not by pilots action. Then: Rudder - opposite to dive rotation Aileron - opposite to angle of bank When rotation has stopped: Elevator - pull cautiously, but swift Warning:...

  • Page 33: Other Emergencies

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.1 L IMITATION OF PEED LIGHT (a) If there are indications, that the intended air speed will be exceeded, for instance (1) While flying under large cloudbanks (2) During cloud flying in heavy turbulence then: air brakes should be extended carefully in the green arc airspeed indicator range before 195 km/h <105 Kt.;...
  • Page 34 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures (continued) 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.2 R (a) expect considerable decrease of performance. (b) increase approach and landing speed by at least 10 km/h <5 Kt.; 6 MPH> above normal approach speed, because: (1) stall speed increases (2) effectivity of controls decreases (c) open canopy window to increase visibility...

  • Page 35: Inadvertent Freezing / Icing

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures (continued) 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.3 I NADVERTENT REEZING CING Water ballast in wings and tail fin Water ballast must be dumped at +5° Centigrade <41° F> OAT due to safety reasons: (a) Dumping below 0° Centigrade <32° F>, the rear fuselage may collect ice, resulting in dangerous rearward C.G.

  • Page 36: Other Emergencies

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures (continued) 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.4 F LIGHT WITH ASYMMETRIC ATER ALLAST OADING Total water dumping takes about 3 minutes. Uneven water dumping may be recognised as follows: (1) with free aileron, one wing tends downward. (2) for straight flight at low speeds considerable aileron deflection is required.

  • Page 37: Emergency Landing With Landing Gear Retracted

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures (continued) 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.6 E MERGENCY ANDING WITH ANDING ETRACTED Emergency landings always with landing gear extended, because energy absorption of the sprung landing gear compared to the fuselage shell is much higher.

  • Page 38: Emergency Landing In Water

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Emergency Procedures (continued) 3.7 O THER MERGENCIES 3.7.8 E MERGENCY ANDING ON ATER During a water landing test with landing gear retracted, the sailplane used submarined completely. As submarining may be possible also with gear extended, the following procedure is recommended: (a) in downwind leg of your landing pattern (1) extend landing gear...
  • Page 39 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures ORMAL ROCEDURES Contents of Chapter 4: 4 Normal Procedures ................4-1 4.1 Introduction ..................4-3 4.2 Rigging and De-rigging ..............4-4 4.2.1 Installation of Winglets ............4-6 4.2.2 De-rigging ................4-6 4.3 Daily Inspection ................4-7 4.4 Pre-Flight Inspection ..............
  • Page 40 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures Contents of Chapter 4: (continued) 4.5.11 Winch Launch or Auto Tow ..........4-27 4.5.12 Aero Tow ................4-28 4.5.13 Free Flight ................4-29 4.5.14 High Altitude Flight and at low down Temperatures ..4-30 4.5.15 Side Slip ................

  • Page 41: Introduction

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.1 I NTRODUCTION Section 4 provides checklist and amplified procedures for the conduct of normal operation. Normal operations associated with optional systems can be found in section 9. Edition: April 2005 EASA appr.

  • Page 42: Normal Procedures

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.2 R IGGING AND IGGING 1. Before rigging, remove valve openers at root ribs. Up to S/N 8500 only: insert draining plugs into root ribs - grease with vaseline, when necessary. 2. Before extending landing gear, check for adequate ground clearance. 3.

  • Page 43: Rigging

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.2 R IGGING AND IGGING 11. Check forward horizontal tail attachment for ball being fixed. Warning: When ball is loose, refer to section 8.3.1. 12. Install horizontal tail, secure with slotted nut against tapered pins (using supplied key or suitable coin) until free from play and red marking on attachment bracket is invisible.
  • Page 44 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.2 R IGGING AND IGGING 4.2.1 I <49 > <59 > W NSTALLATION OF INGLETS 1. Insert winglet until securing nut starts catching thread; when aileron pins of 18 m <59 ft> version are not correctly aligned, installation is impossible.

  • Page 45: Daily Inspection

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.3 D AILY NSPECTION The Daily Inspection according to the following diagram and related checklist must be performed each day and is essential for flight safety . 1 Forward Fuselage (a) Forward static pressure ports for clogging (b) LS8-sb only: pitot pressure pick-up for free passage (ASI must indicate when blowing cautiously (!) into front end pitot pressure pick-up).
  • Page 46 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.3 D AYLI NSPECTION 3 Wings (a) Ventilation openings and water drain orifices at root free from clogging. (b) Condition, gelcoat- or structural damage, pressure marks, cracks. (c) Air brakes for proper function and locking. (d) Friction damper at outer air brake edges and pads in air brake boxes free from grease, damper rod working properly.
  • Page 47 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.3 D AYLI NSPECTION 5 Tail unit Condition, gelcoat- or structural damage, pressure marks, cracks. Total energy port at upper end of vertical tail fin leading edge free from clogging. Pitot pressure port below total energy port at vertical tail fin leading edge free from clogging (An option only for LS8-sb).
  • Page 48 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.3 D AYLI NSPECTION 6 Cockpit Canopy cleaned, if required. Check function of canopy locking (before each flight session) and emergency jettison (at least every 3 months): 1) "Pilot" in seat, both canopy locking levers opened. 2) Helper at front canopy end to prevent lifting of canopy by gas spring, because this would unduly deform the spring of the temporary rear end hinge.

  • Page 49: Pre-Flight Check

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.4 P LIGHT HECK (1) Daily inspection performed. (2) Control system functions checked, using a helper. (3) Vertical tail fin tank valve opening positively checked (See chapter 4, item 4.3.5). (4) Water ballast system: a) when filled, check for leaks.

  • Page 50: Normal Procedures

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5 N ORMAL ROCEDURES 4.5.1 C OCKPIT HECKLIST LS8-s and LS8-sb Checklist This sailplane must be operated in compliance with operating limitations stated in the form of markings, placards and Flight Manual. Main pins secured ? Elevator secured ? Winglets secured ? Test controls...

  • Page 51: Adjustment Of Rudder Pedals

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.2 A DJUSTMENT OF UDDER EDALS (a) Possible in flight or on the ground. (b) Release pressure on pedals and unlock pawl by pulling black pedal handle. (c) Forward adjustment: (1) push pedals forward with feet. (2) lock into desired position.

  • Page 52: Adjustment Of Backrest

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.4 A DJUSTMENT OF ACKREST Warning: Adjust backrest in such way, that lower spine is well supported and not bent and lap belt can be adjusted tight. Two possibilities of adjustment, both can be used on the ground only: (a) Lower adjustment allows use of various types of parachute (locating pegs and slotted screw).

  • Page 53: Retractable Landing Gear

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.5 R ETRACTABLE ANDING (a) Extension or retraction permitted over whole approved speed range. (b) Rapid operation eases retraction. (c) Handle locked in forward position = gear up. (d) Handle locked in rearward position = gear down. Important Note: During winch launch, retract gear after releasing tow cable, because C.G.

  • Page 54: Trim System

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.7 T YSTEM (a) Trim lever and trim-locking lever are in separate positions. (b) Trim-locking lever is at control stick. (c) Pull locking lever to free trim knob at left cockpit side. (d) With the trim knob: (1) Elevator stick force can be trimmed to zero.

  • Page 55: Balancing Of Pilots

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.9 B ALANCING OF ILOT EIGHT Balancing of pilots with insufficient weight 3 trim weights can be fitted to a threaded rod in front of rudder pedals and secured by knurled nut. 1 trim-weight of 2.45 kg <5.5 lbs> compensates 5 kg <11 lbs> of pilot weight When removing the tail fin battery (Standard weight 2.5 to 2.7 kg <5.5 to 6 lbs>), Minimum Cockpit Load decreases by 10 kg <22 lbs>, see entries...

  • Page 56: W Ater Ballast

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10 W ALLAST 4.5.10.1 G ENERAL (a) Use clear water without any additives. (b) Check correct tyre pressure 3,5 bar <51 psi>. (c) Wing integral tanks together hold about 190 Litres <50.2 US gallons, 41.8 Imp.
  • Page 57 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.2 V ERTICAL OADING ROCEDURE (a) Open dump valves by shifting lever on right cockpit side forward. (b) Insert tail fin tank adapter to filling funnel tube and connect to dumping outlet just inside lower right rudder cut-out, with rudder deflected to the left.
  • Page 58 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.3 W OADING ROCEDURE AFTER FILLING OF TAIL TANK Always place sailplane horizontal and fill outer tank first. Connect small diameter wing tank adapter to filling funnel, use it to open outer tank valve and brace taper into opening. Fill half of desired total amount of wing water into wing via funnel.

  • Page 59: Water Ballast

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures (continued) 4.5.10.3 W OADING ROCEDURE After filling ballast and before take-off the following must be checked: (1) Not even minor leaks at wing system allowed. (2) Tail tank valve opens simultaneously with or before wing valves.
  • Page 60 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.5a M AXIMUM ATER ALLAST FOR 525 kg <1157 lbs> M WING SPAN EIGHT Cockpit Load (Pilot Empty Mass +Parachute + Equipm.) [kg] 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 [kg] 190 190 187 183 178 173 168 163 159 154 190 187 183 178 173 168 163 159 154 149...
  • Page 61 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.5b M AXIMUM ATER ALLAST FOR 575 kg <1267 lbs) EIGHT Cockpit Load (Pilot Empty Mass +Parachute + Equipm.) [kg] 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 [kg] 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 190 187...
  • Page 62 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.6a M AXIMUM ATER ALLAST Maximum integral tail tank capacity LS8-s ......12 kg <26.5 lbs> Maximum integral tail tank capacity LS8-sb ....7.5 kg <16.5 lbs> Wing water mass Total water mass Specified max. tail tank water mass [kg]...
  • Page 63 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.6b M AXIMUM ATER ALLAST Maximum integral tail tank capacity LS8-s ......26,5 lbs <12 kg> Maximum integral tail tank capacity LS8-sb ....16,5 lbs <7.5 kg> Wing-Water Mass Specified Tail Total-Water-Mass tank-Water Mass [lbs] [lbs] [lbs] 55.1 - 81.6...
  • Page 64 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.10.7 D UMPING OF ATER ALLAST (a) Ballast lever forward = All ballast tanks –wings and tail- open. (b) Discharge time about 3 Minutes, i.e. at 190 Litres <50.2 US gallons, 41.8 Imp. gallons> approx. 63 Litres <16.6 US gallons, 13.9 Imp. gallons>...

  • Page 65: Winch Launch Or Auto Tow

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.11 W INCH AUNCH OR (a) Trim slightly nose heavy: Trim position indicator in front of neutral- mark. (b) Adjust backrest properly (See section 4.5.4) and tighten seat belt harness to avoid sliding backwards during acceleration and steep climb.

  • Page 66: Aero Tow

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.12 A Aero tow is approved only at the nose hook. Trim slightly nose heavy: Trim position indicator in front of neutral mark. Use wheel brake during tightening of tow cable to avoid rolling over rope.

  • Page 67: Free Flight

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.13 F LIGHT • Stalling: Stalling characteristics (Straight- and banked flight) During stalling the LS8-s and LS8-sb initially show a distinctive warning in the form of tail buffeting. When the elevator is pulled further, stalling symmetrically or asymmetrically may result.
  • Page 68 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.7.14 H LTITUIDE LIGHT AND AT LOW EMPERATURES With temperatures below 0° C <32° F>, for instance during high wave flights or during winter time, ease of control system operation may decrease. Make sure that all control surfaces are free from moisture to avoid any chance of freezing solid.

  • Page 69: Side Slip

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.15 S (1) Side-slip can be recommended for landing only with a small amount of air brake extension, as low-speed side-slip is not possible because of nose-heavy moment of fully extended air brakes. (2) Side-slip speed range up to VA = 195 km/h <105 Kt., 121 mph>.

  • Page 70: Landing

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.16 L ANDING (a) Water ballast should normally be dumped prior to landing. Because of possible unequal dumping, see also “Emergency Procedures”, section 3.7.4 and “Normal Procedures”, section 4.5.10.7. Caution: Water ballast discharge is recommended before landing on an airfield.

  • Page 71: Flight In Rain

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.5.17 F LIGHT IN Warnung: During rain expect considerable decrease of performance and effectivity of controls. Increase approach to landing speed at least by 10 km/h <5 Kt., 6 mph>, because stall speed increases. Open canopy window completely to increase visibility.

  • Page 72: Post-Flight Check

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Normal Procedures 4.6 P OSTFLIGHT HECKS 1. Switch off electrical instruments 2. Remove batteries and charge, when necessary 3. Remove insects and dust using chamois leather (See also chapter 8, Cleaning and Care) 4. Check if moisture has accumulated in air brake boxes and remove with sponge 5.
  • Page 73 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance ERFORMANCE Contents of Section 5: 5 Performance ................5-1 5.1 Introduction................5-2 5.2 EASA-approved Data ............5-3 5.2.1 Airspeed Indicator System Calibration ......5-3 5.2.2 Stalling Speeds............... 5-4 5.3 Additional Information ............5-5 5.3.1 Demonstrated Crosswind Performance ......5-5 5.3.2 Flight Polar ..............

  • Page 74: Introduction

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance 5.1 I NTRODUCTION Section 5 provides approved data for airspeed calibration and stalling speeds and additional unapproved information. Data in the charts has been computed from actual flight tests with the sailplane in good condition and using average piloting techniques. Edition: April 2005 EASA appr.

  • Page 75: Easa-Approved Data

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance 5.2 EASA- APPROVED 5.2.1 A IRSPEED NDICATOR YSTEM ALIBRATION Diagram shows airspeed indicator error due to position of pressure ports: LS8-s: Pitot pressure ..at vertical tail fin about 3/4 up Static pressure ..at lower forward fuselage sides LS8-sb: Pitot pressure ..

  • Page 76: Stalling Speeds

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance 5.2.2 S TALLING PEEDS Stalling speeds (IAS) for straight and level flight: 15m wingspan Mass [kg] / [lbs] 375 400 425 450 475 500 525 Air Brakes 827 882 937 992 1047 1102 1157 km/h 73 retracted km/h 80...

  • Page 77: Performance

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance 5.3 A DDITIONAL NFORMATION 5.3.1 D EMONSTRATED ROSSWIND ERFORMANCE Aero Tow: ..20 km/h <11 Kt., 12 mph> Winch Launch: ..25 km/h <13 Kt., 15 mph> (continued) 5.3 A DDITIONAL NFORMATION 5.3.2 G LIDING PERFORMANCE All values in the following table for: Mass 390 kg <860 lbs>...

  • Page 78: Flight Polar

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Performance (continued) 5.3 A DDITIONAL NFORMATION 5.3.2 F LIGHT OLAR Polar curves of LS 8-t with 15 & 18 m wingspan with 33 kg/m² (= without water) resp. with. 50 kg/m² (=max. mass) Speed [km/h] Polaren 15 m bei 33 und 50 kg/m²...

  • Page 79: Weight And Balance

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Weight and Balance EIGHT AND ALANCE Contents of chapter 6: 6 Weight and Balance ..............6-1 6.1 Introduction................6-2 6.2 Weighing Record and Loading Limits ......... 6-3 6.3 Inflight C.G. calculation ............6-5 Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 80 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Weight and Balance 6.1 I NTRODUCTION This section gives details about permissible Cockpit Loading and approved mass limitations of this sailplane. Complying with these procedures, the pilot is able to load the sailplane properly without any additional calculations due to loading limits placarded in the cockpit and provided in this manual under 6.2.
  • Page 81 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Weight and Balance 6.2 Weighing Record and Loading Limits Warning: New entry with each new weighing or when changing equipment. Entry should be calculated in accordance with chapter 5 of Maintenance Manual. Mark dimensions used. State amount of permanently fitted ballast in appropriate position or none.
  • Page 82 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Weight and Balance 6.2 Weighing Record and Loading Limits (continued) Warning: New entry with each new weighing or when changing equipment. Entry should be calculated in accordance with chapter 5 of Maintenance Manual. Mark dimensions used. State amount of permanently fitted ballast in appropriate position or none.
  • Page 83 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Weight and Balance 6.3 Inflight C.G. calculation Table of C.G. positions of various items of equipment: Component Mass lever related to Datum 2.5 –2.7 kg Battery at seat front end -1060 mm -41,732 in 5.5 –6.0 lbs Battery in Baggage 2.5 –3.0 kg +150 mm...

  • Page 84: Description Of Systems

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Sytems 7 Description of S YSTEMS Contents of Chapter 7: 7 Systems ..................7-1 7.1 Introduction................7-1 7.2 Cockpit Controls ..............7-2 7.3 Control System description........... 7-4 7.4 Air brake System ..............7-5 7.5 Landing gear ................ 7-6 7.6 Baggage Compartment ............

  • Page 85: Cockpit Controls

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.2 C OCKPIT CONTROLS A - Left canopy locking B - Right canopy locking and emergency jettison C - Ventilation D - Tow cable release E - Trim locking lever F - Trim lever, also indicating trim position G - Air brake handle G - with TN8019 executed: Airbrake and wheel brake G - From ser.no.
  • Page 86 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems (continued) 7.2 C OCKPIT CONTROLS A - Left canopy locking B - Right canopy locking and emergency jettison C - Ventilation D - Tow cable release E - Trim locking lever F - Trim lever, also indicating trim position G - Air brake handle G - with TN8019 executed: Airbrake and wheel brake G - From ser.no.

  • Page 87: Control System

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.3 C ONTROL YSTEM Rudder Control: Cable controlled from adjustable pedals. See Diagram in Maintenance Manual chapter 1. Elevator Control: Pushrods guided in maintenance-free longitudinal motion ball bearings. Elevator 100% mass balanced by pushrod in vertical tail fin. Automatic connection during rigging.
  • Page 88 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.4 Air Brake Control Upper surface double height air brakes with spring loaded cover blades. Activated via pushrods, guided in longitudinal motion ball bearings. Automatic connection of system during rigging. Locking mechanism in wings. Wing boxes sealed against wing structure. Friction damper in box to prevent oscillations during extension.

  • Page 89: 7.5 Landing Gear

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.5 Landing Gear a) Main wheel: Sprung retractable landing gear, housed in closed and sealed box. ! 5“-landing gear: Tyre 5.00-5 6 PR Tyre pressure 3,5 bar <51 psi> Drum brake See Diagram in Maintenance Manual chapter 1. b) Tail: Tail wheel: Tyre 210 x 65 2 PR, diameter 210 mm <8.268 in>,...

  • Page 90: 7.6 Baggage Compartment

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.6 Baggage Compartment Baggage compartment behind pilot's shoulders, accessible on ground after swivelling backrest forward. Loading possible after rigging only. Permanent installation (for instance batteries) or other equipment possible according to details provided in Maintenance Manual section 4.8. Not permanently fixed light and soft materials count for cockpit load.

  • Page 91: Water Ballast System And Operation

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.7 W ATER ALLAST YSTEM AND PERATION Each wing contains 2 integral tanks (inner and outer tank) with related discharge valve and ventilation. Ventilation of both tanks at forward lower wing root rib in front of spar through one common drain orifice. A single lever at right cockpit rim operates total water ballast system (wing tanks and tail tank).

  • Page 92: Wing Water Ballast System

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.7.1 W ATER ALLAST YSTEM (1) Valve of inner tank (2) Ventilation tube of inner tank (3) Valve of outer tank (4) Ventilation tube of outer tank (5) Drain tube of outer tank (only up to S/N 8500) (6) Drain valve for both tanks (only up to S/N 8500) (7) Drive lever (8) Cable to valve of outer tank...

  • Page 93: Fuselage Water Ballast System

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.7.2 F USELAGE ATER ALLAST YSTEM LS8-s: 12 Litres Integral tank 12 Litres LS8-sb: 7,5 Litres Integral tank 7,5 Litres Integraltank Edition: April 2005 7-10...

  • Page 94: Electrical System And Operation

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.8 E LECTRICAL YSTEM AND PERATION For electrical system, see wiring diagram below. Electrical supply by sealed and maintenance free 12V/7,2 Ah gel-cell battery. When installing an additional battery, a switch can be used as main switch. For each electrical appliance a current limiting device should be used.

  • Page 95: Pneumatic System

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.9 P (Static- and Pitot-Pressure) NEUMATIC YSTEM 7.9.1 LS8-s Diagram: Pitot pressure port at vertical tail fin below TE port. Static pressure port for airspeed indicator and altimeter – lower forward fuselage side statics. 3, 4 Static pressure ports for variometers –...
  • Page 96 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.9 P (Static- and Pitot-Pressure) NEUMATIC YSTEM 7.9.2 LS8-sb Diagram: Pitot pressure port at vertical tail fin (Option) below TE port. Pitot pressure port at fuselage nose. Static pressure port for airspeed indicator and altimeter – lower forward fuselage side statics.
  • Page 97 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.9.2 Pressure Ports cont. From ser.no. 8527 on (ÄM LS8-1) the following system is installed: 1 Multi Probe : Pitot-/Static-/TE pressure port 2 Pitot pressure port at fuselage nose. 3 Static pressure port for airspeed indicator and altimeter – forward fuselage sides. Vacuum Bottles.

  • Page 98: Various Equipment

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Systems 7.10 V ARIOUS QUIPMENT 7.10.1 E XPENDABLE ALLAST EIGHTS Expendable ballast to compensate pilot weight below Minimum Cockpit Load may be fitted in front of rudder pedals and secured with knurled nut. 7.10.2 A DDITIONAL ATTERIES Vertical Tail Fin Battery...

  • Page 99: Handling, Servicing And Maintenance

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance ANDLING ERVICING AND AINTENANCE Contents of Chapter 8: 8 Handling / Servicing / Maintenance ..........8-1 8.1 Introduction ................8-2 8.2 Sailplane Inspection and Maintenance Periods......8-3 8.2.1 Preventive Maintenance (USA only) ........8-3 8.3 Modifications or Repairs ............

  • Page 100: Introduction

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.1 I NTRODUCTION This section contains manufacturer recommended procedures for proper ground handling and servicing of the sailplane. It also identifies certain inspection and maintenance requirements which must be followed if the sailplane is to retain that new-plane performance and dependability.

  • Page 101: Preventive Maintenance (Usa Only)

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.2 S AILPLANE NSPECTION AINTENANCE NTERVALS (a) Annual Inspection according to checklist and inspection forms provided in Maintenance Manual, chapter 12, after performance of annual maintenance procedure (Maintenance Manual chapter 2). (b) Manufacturer recommended Daily Inspection, Pre-flight Check and Cockpit Checklist procedure according to checklists chapter 4.

  • Page 102: Modifications Or Repairs

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.3 M ODIFICATIONS OR EPAIRS (a) Alterations or repairs must be accomplished by licensed personnel. (b) Prior to any alteration the FAA should be contacted to make sure that airworthiness of the airplane is not violated. (c) For alterations or repairs a written approval from the manufacturer is required.

  • Page 103: Ground Handling / Road Transport

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance (continued) 8.3 M ODIFICATIONS OR EPAIRS 8.3.2 Forward Horizontal Tail Attachment The forward horizontal tail attachment on the vertical tail consists of a special rod end bearing, which is cemented in the correctly aligned position.
  • Page 104 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance (continued) 8.4 G ROUND ANDLING RANSPORT 8.4.3 Tie-down Tie-down out in the open as a substitute for a hangar place should never be considered: weathering marks due to changes of temperature, ultra violet radiation and humidity can result in rapid gelcoat deterioration;...
  • Page 105 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance (continued) 8.4 G ROUND ANDLING RANSPORT 8.4.5 Supporting Area for Road Transport Tail skid or tail wheel Fuselage: Main wheel Fuselage shell in front of landing gear, minimum width of support 30 cm <11.8 in>. Right spar at inner or outer main pin bushings.

  • Page 106: Cleaning And Care

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.5 C LEANING AND Important Warning: Unless regularly polished with hard wax after each cleaning, sanded gelcoat shows distinctive weathering marks due to changes of temperature, ultra violet radiation and humidity (Wax at least every 6 months!). Humidity enters resin structure after prolonged application and causes swelling up.
  • Page 107 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance (continued) 8.5 C LEANING AND CARE For Canopy (Plexiglas) care never use dry cloth because of resulting static charge, consequent collection of dust particles and scratching. Cleanse with clear water and clean chamois leather, use anti-static fluid (for instance Plexi- klar) afterwards.
  • Page 108 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance (continued) 8.5 C LEANING AND Pins, Bushes and Control System Connectors Due to required tolerances not all these items can be protected against corrosion. Therefore cover regularly with non-corrosive grease. Seat Belt Harness Check regularly for condition (fraying of edges), mildew and wear.

  • Page 109: Long Term Storage

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Handling, Servicing and Maintenance 8.6 L TORAGE Preparation and Storage (a) Remove instrumentation and store separately. (b) Close external pressure ports (see Maintenance Manual chapter 1.16) and inner tube ends. (c) Protect all metal parts using acid-less spray oil or non-corrosive grease (Vaseline).

  • Page 110: Supplements

    Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements UPPLEMENTS Contents of Section 9: 9 Supplements ................9-1 9.1 Introduction................9-2 9.2 List of Supplements included ..........9-3 9.3 Emergency Exit Assist System NOAH (Optional)....9-4 Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 111 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements 9.1 I NTRODUCTION This section contains the appropriate supplements necessary to safely and efficiently operate the sailplane when equipped with various optional systems and equipment not provided with the standard sailplane. Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 112 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements 9.2 L IST OF SUPPLEMENTS INCLUDED Date Section Denomination of added Supplement Edition: April 2005...
  • Page 113 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements 9.3 Emergency Exit Assist System NOAH (Optional) Chapter 1 Introduction In the following pages modifications to variuos Flight Manual chapters related to the emergency assist system NOAH are provided. Abstract The NOAH system is designed to make the emergency exit of the pilot easier, it is a supplement to the emergency parachute.
  • Page 114 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements 9.3 Emergency Exit Assist System NOAH (Optional) Chapter 3 Use of NOAH in an emergency exit: Caution: Use of an automatic parachute is strongly recommended. Only then the emergency exit including parachute activation is more or less automatic and saves valuable time and altitude.
  • Page 115 Flight Manual LS8-s and LS8-sb Supplements 9.3 Emergency Exit Assist System NOAH (Optional) Chapter 7 NOAH activator lever placed on right side cockpit frame adjacent to control stick and marked black-yellow. A sticker is wrapped around the handle and onto the cable NOAH airbag guide-tube and acts as an aid against unintentional operation.

This manual is also suitable for:

Ls8-sb 2005Ls8-sc 20058527 2005

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