Engine Operation; Preparation Before Engine Start - Bison BS-20KVA Operation Manual

10. Engine Operation

10.1 Preparation before engine start

(1) Selection of diesel
Sulphur content of the diesel will directly determine the emission of engine. Please use diesel
compliance with the sulfur content requirements of emission.
Users should choose proper grade of diesel according to the ambient temperature. At low temperature in
winter, diesel with low freezing point is recommended to use. The selection is opposite for summer.
Users can refer to Table 10.1 below for appropriate diesel. For instance, at the temperature of -27℃,
users should choose to use -35# diesel.
Table 10.1 Relationship between Grade of Diesel and the Applicable Lowest Temperature
Grade of diesel fuel
Cetane number
Freezing point(℃)
Applicable Lowest Temperature
(Ambient temperature)(℃)
Make sure to keep diesel clean, without being polluted by dust and impurities. Put the diesel where it
was for more than 72 hours before filling it to the fuel tank. Select diesel at the upper part of the
container, which is of great essential to prevent earlier abrasion of fuel injection pump plunger.
(2) Selection of lubricating oil
To ensure proper operation of diesel engine and increase its service life, please select lubricating oil in
line with the operation load of engine. For naturally aspirated diesel engine, lubricating oil of CD grade
or above is recommended. For supercharged diesel engine, please select lubricating oil above CH grade.
Choose lubricating oil of various viscosity according to ambient temperature. Users can refer to below
table for correct lubricating oil.
Applicable region
Lubricating oil grade
Applicable temperature range for API lubricating oil
API viscosity grade
SAE 0W20
SAE 0W40
SAE 5W40
SAE 10W30
SAE 15W40
SAE 20W50
10#
50
+10
+18
Chilly winter Whole year for common area
5W/30
Ambient temperature
Lowest
-40℃
-40℃
-30℃
-20℃
-10℃
0℃
30
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0# -10# -20#
50 50 45
0 -10 -20
+8 -2 -12
Summer in south area
30 or 15W/30
Highest
10℃
40℃
40℃
40℃
40℃
50℃
-35#
43
-35
-27
30 or 40