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Summary of Contents for Victron energy 2-67-011400
- Page 1 ENGLISH Lithium Smart Battery Manual rev 14 - 09/2023 This manual is also available in HTML5.
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
Lithium Smart Battery Manual Table of Contents 1. Safety precautions ........................1 1.1. General warnings ......................1 1.2. Charge and discharge warnings ................... 1 1.3. Transportation warnings ....................2 1.4. Disposal of lithium batteries ....................2 2. Introduction ........................... 3 2.1. - Page 3 Lithium Smart Battery Manual 6.1.2. Causes for cell imbalance or a variation in cell voltages ........... 24 6.1.3. How to recover an imbalanced battery ............... 25 6.1.4. Less capacity than expected ................... 25 6.1.5. Battery very low terminal voltage ................26 6.1.6.
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Page 4: Safety Precautions
• Water will damage your battery. Discontinue use and seek further advice. 1.2. Charge and discharge warnings • Use only with a Victron Energy-approved BMS. • Overcharge or discharge will seriously damage a lithium battery and may render the battery unsafe for continued use. -
Page 5: Transportation Warnings
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 1.3. Transportation warnings • The battery must be transported in its original or equivalent package and in an upright position. If the battery is in its cardboard packaging, use soft slings to avoid damage. Ensure that all packaging materials are non-conductive. -
Page 6: Introduction
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 2. Introduction 2.1. Description Victron Energy Lithium Smart batteries are Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4 or LFP) batteries available with a nominal voltage of 12.8V or 25.6V in various capacities [33]. This is the safest of the mainstream lithium battery types and is the battery chemistry of choice for very demanding applications. -
Page 7: System Design And Bms Selection Guide
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 3. System design and BMS selection guide This chapter describes things to consider on how the battery interacts with the BMS and how the BMS interacts with loads and chargers to keep the battery protected. This information is essential for system design and to be able to choose the most suitable BMS for the system. -
Page 8: The Pre-Alarm Signal
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 1. By sending an electrical or digital on/off signal to the charger or load. 2. By physically connecting or disconnecting a load or a charge source from the battery. Either directly or by using a BatteryProtect Cyrix Li-ion relay. -
Page 9: The Bms Models
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 3.3. The BMS models There is a choice of 7 different BMS models that can be used with the Lithium Smart Battery. The below overview explains the differences between them and their typical application. See also the BMS Overview for additional info. -
Page 10: The Small Bms
Lithium Smart Battery Manual BMS type Voltage Features Typical application 100A dedicated alternator port. 200A dedicated DC system port. Controls loads and chargers via Relatively small systems with an on/off signals. alternator and DC loads. Generates a pre-alarm signal. Smart BMS 12/200 Bluetooth. -
Page 11: The Ve.bus Bms
3.3.3. The VE.Bus BMS The VE.Bus BMS is used in a system that also contains one or multiple Victron Energy inverter/chargers. The VE.Bus BMS directly communicates via the VE.Bus with the inverter/chargers. It also features a “load disconnect”, a “charge disconnect” and a "pre-alarm"... -
Page 12: The Lynx Smart Bms
“charge disconnect”, a "pre-alarm" contact and a battery monitor. In addition to this, it can be connected to a GX device and control Victron Energy equipment via DVCC. • In the event of low cell voltage, the Lynx Smart BMS will send a “load disconnect” signal to turn the load(s) off. -
Page 13: The Smart Bms 12/200
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 3.3.6. The Smart BMS 12/200 The Smart BMS 12/200 is equipped with a “load disconnect”, a “charge disconnect” and a "pre-alarm" contact. The BMS also features a dedicated alternator and system port. The alternator port will "current limit" the alternator current. It can be set for a variety of currents all the way up to 100A. -
Page 14: Battery Monitoring
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 3.5. Battery monitoring The common battery parameters, such as the battery voltage, battery temperature and cell voltages can be monitored via Bluetooth using the VictronConnect app. However, state of charge monitoring is not built into the battery. To monitor state of charge use the Lynx Smart BMS or add a... -
Page 15: Installation
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4. Installation 4.1. Unpacking and handling the battery Take care when unpacking the battery. Batteries are heavy. Do not lift the battery by its terminals or by its BMS cables. The battery has two carry handles on either side of the battery. The weight of the battery can be found in the Technical data [33] chapter. -
Page 16: Initial Charging Before Use
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.3. Initial charging before use 4.3.1. Why charge batteries before use Lithium batteries are only approximately 50% charged when shipped from the factory. This is a transportation safety requirement. However, due to differences in transportation routes and warehousing, the batteries do not always have the same state of charge by the time they are installed. -
Page 17: Mounting
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.4. Mounting Mounting must meet the following requirements: 1. The battery must be mounted in an upright position. 2. The battery is only suitable for indoor use and needs to be installed in a dry location. 3. -
Page 18: Connecting Multiple Batteries In Series
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.5.3. Connecting multiple batteries in series • Each individual battery needs to have been fully charged and balanced. system • Connect a maximum of four 12.8V batteries or a maximum of two 25.6V batteries in series. •... -
Page 19: Battery Banks Consisting Of Different Batteries
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.5.6. Battery banks consisting of different batteries When constructing a battery bank, ideally, all batteries should be of the same capacity, age and model. However, there are situations where this is not possible, such as when capacity needs to be expanded by adding more batteries or when a single battery in a battery bank needs to be replaced. -
Page 20: Battery Settings And Configuration Via Victronconnect
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.7. Battery settings and configuration via VictronConnect 4.7.1. Battery settings The default settings in the battery are suitable for almost all applications. There is no need to change these settings unless the application requires very specific conditions. If settings need to be changed, use the VictronConnect app. -
Page 21: Allowed-To-Discharge Cell Voltage
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.7.5. Allowed-To-Discharge cell voltage A lithium battery cell will be damaged if the cell voltage drops too low. To avoid this, the BMS will disable all loads by sending a signal to the load or the load disconnection device as soon as one of the cells reaches the set Allowed-To-Discharge voltage threshold. -
Page 22: Commissioning
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 4.9. Commissioning Once all connections have been made, the system wiring needs to be checked, the system needs to be powered up, and the BMS functionality needs to be checked. Follow this checklist: Check the polarity of all battery cables. Check the cross-sectional area of all battery cables. -
Page 23: Operation
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 5. Operation 5.1. Setup, Monitoring & Control via VictronConnect Setup, monitoring and control are done entirely via Bluetooth using the VictronConnect app. 5.1.1. Battery Limits configuration The individual parameters for the battery limits are explained in the chapter Battery settings and configuration via VictronConnect [17]. -
Page 24: Charging The Battery And Recommended Charger Settings
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 5.2. Charging the battery and recommended charger settings Recommended battery chargers Ensure your charger supplies the correct current and voltage for the battery, so do not use a 24V charger for a 12V battery. It is also recommended that the charger has a charging profile/algorithm that matches the battery chemistry (LiFePO4) or a custom profile that can be adjusted to match the appropriate charging parameters of the lithium battery. -
Page 25: Discharging
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 5.3. Discharging Even though a BMS is used, there are still a few possible scenarios where the battery can be damaged due to over-discharge. Be sure to observe the following warning. Lithium batteries are expensive and can be damaged due to over-discharge or overcharge. Damage due to over-discharge can occur if small loads (such as alarm systems, relays, standby current of certain loads, back current drain of battery chargers, or charge regulators) slowly discharge the battery when the system is not in use. -
Page 26: Battery Care
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 5.5. Battery care Once the battery is in operation, it is important to take proper care of the battery to maximise its lifetime. These are the basic guidelines: Prevent total battery discharge at all times. Familiarise yourself with the pre-alarm feature and act when the pre-alarm is active to prevent a system shutdown. If the pre-alarm is active or if the BMS has disabled the loads, make sure that the batteries are recharged immediately. -
Page 27: Troubleshooting & Support
Victron Community In case the problem persists, contact the point of purchase for technical support. If the point of purchase is unknown, refer to the Victron Energy Support webpage. 6.1. Battery issues 6.1.1. How to recognise cell imbalance •... -
Page 28: How To Recover An Imbalanced Battery
A tip for Victron Energy distributors and professional users: To avoid having to restart the charger continuously, use the following trick. Set the float voltage at 14.2, this will have the same effect as the absorption stage. -
Page 29: Battery Very Low Terminal Voltage
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 6.1.5. Battery very low terminal voltage If the battery has been discharged too deeply, the voltage will fall well below 12V (24V). If the battery has a voltage of less than 10V (20V) or if one of the battery cells has a cell voltage below 2.5V, the battery will have permanent damage. This will invalidate the warranty. -
Page 30: Battery Is Close To End-Of-Cycle Life Or Has Been Misused
To check if the battery has been misused: • Is the BMS connected and functional? Not using the battery with a Victron Energy-approved BMS voids the warranty. • Is there mechanical damage to the battery, its terminals or the BMS cables? Mechanical damage voids the warranty. -
Page 31: Bms Issues
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 6.2. BMS issues 6.2.1. The BMS frequently disables the battery charger • A well-balanced battery does not disable the charger, even when the batteries are fully charged. But when the BMS frequently disables the charger, this is an indication of cell imbalance. Check the cell voltages of all the batteries that are connected to the BMS using VictronConnect. -
Page 32: How To Test If The Bms Is Functional
Lithium Smart Battery Manual If the alarm is still active after the loop has been placed, the BMS is faulty. If the BMS has cleared the alarm after the loop has been placed the battery is faulty and the BMS is not faulty. Multiple batteries and BMS check: Bypass one of the batteries by disconnecting both its BMS cables Connect the BMS cables of the neighbouring batteries (or battery and BMS) to each other, effectively bypassing the battery. -
Page 33: Victronconnect Issues
Does the VictronConnect app have an issue? Try to connect to another Victron Energy product, does this work? If that also does not work, there probably is an issue with the phone or tablet. Refer to the troubleshooting section of the VictronConnect manual. -
Page 34: Warnings, Alarms And Errors
To remedy this, go to the settings page and reset settings to factory defaults. If this error is not resolved after a settings reset, contact your Victron Energy dealer or distributor and ask for this issue to be escalated to Victron Energy, as this error should never happen. Please include the battery's serial number and firmware version. -
Page 35: E-Sl1: Balancer Failure
Troubleshooting & support [24] chapter of this manual before contacting your Victron Energy dealer or distributor. This is to rule out the first two possible causes of this error. Do not just assume that a hardware failure causes the error. -
Page 36: Technical Data
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 7. Technical data Battery specification VOLTAGE AND CAPACITY 25,6/ Battery model LFP- 12,8/ 12,8/ 12,8/ 12,8/ 12,8/ 12,8/ 12,8/ 25,6/ 25,6/ 200- Smart 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 25.6 25.6 25.6 Nominal voltage Nominal capacity 100A 160A 200A... - Page 37 Lithium Smart Battery Manual OTHER Max storage time @ 1 year 25°C* BMS connection Male + female cable with M8 circular 3 pole connector, length 50cm Power connection (threaded inserts) 199 x 239 x 197 x 237 x 237 x 347 x 265 x 197 x...
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Page 38: Appendix
Lithium Smart Battery Manual 8. Appendix 8.1. Initial charge procedure without BMS If, for a specific reason, the initial charge procedure needs to be performed without a BMS, this is the procedure for it. This procedure is for charging a single battery only. Please note that this is not something we recommend because this process is risky. -
Page 39: Microcontroller Power-Cycle Procedure
This procedure involves opening the battery cover and temporarily disconnecting the positive terminal of the battery's internal circuit board. It should only be performed by Victron Energy dealers or distributors, technicians or professional users. If in doubt about performing this procedure, consult your Victron Energy dealer or distributor. - Page 40 Lithium Smart Battery Manual Tools needed: • Nylon or rubber hammer • Scraper, chisel or flat screwdriver • Insulated torque socket wrench M10 (electrical tape can be used to insulate the socket and part of the wrench) • Electrical tape •...
- Page 41 Lithium Smart Battery Manual • Insulate the negative busbar terminal located next to the positive battery terminal. Do this by covering the busbar with electrical tape. See the red tape in the image on the left. The electrical tape is a precaution to prevent a possible short circuit between the positive battery terminal and the negative busbar.
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Page 42: Cell Balancing
Lithium Smart Battery Manual • Put the cover back on the battery. • Reinstall the terminal hex nuts. • Reinstall the battery terminal wiring. • Check if the BMS is now allowing loads and chargers to connect to the battery. •... - Page 43 Lithium Smart Battery Manual • Systems that have high discharge currents. • Systems that have short charge periods or low charge voltages. It is not possible to speed up the cell-balancing process Please note that a higher charge voltage will not speed up the cell balancing process. The cells are charged by current and not by voltage.
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