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Allegro Industries A89301 User Manual

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DESCRIPTION

The A89301 evaluation board is designed to aid system
designers in evaluating the operation and performance of the
A89301 motor controller IC. This user guide provides step-
by-step instructions on how to use the A89301 evaluation
board to program the Allegro A89301 motor controller IC.
In addition, this document contains feature descriptions that
are not shown in the A89301 datasheet.

FEATURES

• USB communications to allow a GUI to control the
device via I
2
C
• Programs devices to control a motor

EVALUATION BOARD CONTENTS

• APEK89301GES-01-T evaluation board
Table 1: A5947GET Evaluation Board Configurations
Configuration Name
APEK89301GES-01-T
UM-A89301, Rev. 2
MCO-0000616
A89301 Evaluation Board User Guide
Part Number
A89301GESSR
Figure 1: A89301 Evaluation Board

Table of Contents

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APEK89301
April 3, 2023

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Summary of Contents for Allegro Industries A89301

  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    APEK89301 A89301 Evaluation Board User Guide DESCRIPTION The A89301 evaluation board is designed to aid system designers in evaluating the operation and performance of the A89301 motor controller IC. This user guide provides step- by-step instructions on how to use the A89301 evaluation board to program the Allegro A89301 motor controller IC.

  • Page 2: Using The Evaluation Board

    E. Do not connect motor phases SA, SB, SC yet.* F. Turn on power to rated voltage. * The default settings in the A89301 may not be appropriate, which could cause damage to the IC or motor. Settings should be verified before connecting a motor.
  • Page 3 Step 2: Launch the GUI. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com...
  • Page 4 Step 2: Launch the GUI. (continued) B. If you see this error message, install the USB to I2C chip driver (FTDI D2XX). Check USB cable connec�on. C. Make sure the power supply is ON, and the switch is set to ‘U1 PROG’.
  • Page 5 Step 3: Load saved parameters, if previously saved. Device parameters can be saved to a file. If a file for this (or similar) application has been created, open that file. Verify the Allegro- only bits in the file are their default values. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A.
  • Page 6 Step 4: Configure the basic parameters. Note: These numbers do not need to be very accurate; use the best estimation. There is fine tuning later in the process. The number of pole pairs. For example, The supply voltage that motor will be 12 pole motor: input 6 pole pairs.
  • Page 7 Step 5: Start the motor. A. Connect motor phase A, B, and C. B. Keep ‘Set speed demand via I2C’ checked. C. Select the speed demand to 50%, and click Toggle Run/Stop. The motor should start spinning. If it does, go to step 9. If not: Doesn’t move at all, Shook a li�le bit...
  • Page 8 Step 6: If motor does not move at all: A. Look at the LED indicator connected to the Fault pin, and follow the fault table to determine the root cause. B. If the LED is off, connect a current probe and voltage probe to the motor outputs and check if there is any current / voltage output to the motor phase.
  • Page 9 Step 7: If motor shakes a little and stops: A. Look at the LED indicator connected to the Fault pin, and follow the fault table to determine the root cause. B. If it is OCP, check the phase output wire connec�ons. C.
  • Page 10 Step 8: If motor spins more than 5 cycles and stops: A. Look at the LED indicator connected to the Fault pin, and follow the fault table to determine the root cause. B. The problem is likely lock detec�on. If so, go to the Standby / Protec�on page and disable all the lock detect features.
  • Page 11 Step 9: While the motor is spinning, go to the Status page; click ‘Read Status’. A. While the motor is spinning, go to the Status page. Click ‘Read Status’. B. The system diagnos�cs func�on will show you IC temperature, motor speed, supply current, phase current, and supply voltage.
  • Page 12 A. Motor inductance is difficult to measure—it varies with opera�on frequency, phase current (satura�on), and also with the rotor posi�on. Thus, A89301 provides an easy method to adjust the inductance value and achieve the best efficiency. B. While the motor is spinning, connect a current probe to phase A, and connect a voltage probe to phase A.
  • Page 13 Step 10: Adjust the motor inductance. (continued) D. There will be a small window opened on phase A (winding current is flat at 0A). Observe phase A voltage inside the window: • If voltage > V /2, increase L. • If voltage < V /2, decrease L.
  • Page 14 Step 10: Adjust the motor inductance. (continued) E. It may not be possible to find an inductance value that makes the phase A voltage exactly V /2. If not, choose the closest se�ng. F. Theore�cally, adjus�ng the inductance value at one speed will work for all other speeds.
  • Page 15 Step 10: Adjust the motor inductance. (continued) J. There is another way to double-confirm the inductance is op�mized. • Control the motor to a fixed high speed (around 80% of rated speed). • Read phase current RMS from scope. • Change the inductance se�ng around the value from the previous step.
  • Page 16 Step 11: Fine tune the general parameters. A. Increase the speed demand to 100%, and read the status. B. The bus current value should match the actual bus current shown on the power supply or a mul�-meter. If not, adjust the sense resistor value slightly (on the advanced page).
  • Page 17 Step 12: PID Parameters. A. Restart the motor. B. If the PID parameter is too high or too low, opera�on will fail. Connect a current probe and voltage probe for the debugging. • If current shows distor�on within in one •...
  • Page 18 Step 13: Startup Mode and Startup Settings. A. If this is an air purifier type of applica�on which doesn’t require zero reverse rota�on startup, and startup �me is not cri�cal, select ‘Align & go’. B. If this is a ceiling fan or pole fan applica�on which strictly requires no reverse rota�on at startup, select ‘2 pulse IPD’.
  • Page 19 Step 13: Startup Mode and Startup Settings. (continued) G. A89301 provides 7 op�ons for the startup current. The motor phase current will gradually increase from the programmed value. If ‘Max start current’ is enabled, the control demand is ignored, and 100% control demand is always used.
  • Page 20 Enabled, the IC will report a failure if the motor “speed” is abnormally fast. A89301 a�empts to start the motor again a�er 5s or 10s wai�ng. But it will only a�empt so many �mes, then stop a�emp�ng un�l power cycle, or restart the motor demand (speed demand).
  • Page 21 final produc�on if there is an MCU (or other type of controller) in the system. C. The speed control op�ons are described in the datasheet “Speed Control” sec�on. D. If the demand is less than a threshold, A89301 will not try to spin the motor. •...
  • Page 22 VREF when speed demand is zero, disable the standby mode. B. When the external Brake bu�on is pressed, A89301 will stop the motor as fast as possible. But because of the poten�al overstress damage to the MOSFETs, selec�ng the “Brake when safe”...
  • Page 23 Step 16: Other settings. (continued) D. ‘Open drive’ is a debug op�on which will keep the system in the open-loop (stepper motor) state. In case a�er all this prac�ce, the motor can’t be made to spin, enable the open drive, set the PID parameters to 0, and set the rated speed low. If the motor is able spin slowly in the open loop, the problem is related to PID parameter.
  • Page 24 Step 16: Other settings. (continued) H. The Accel buffer and Decel buffer only affect “open-loop speed control” mode. Keep the default se�ng if sa�sfied with the dynamic response of the system. If faster dynamic response is expected, choose fast or no buffer. If the applica�on has a high- iner�a motor (ceiling fan), choose slow buffer.
  • Page 25 Step 17: MOSFET CISS settings (CISS tab). A. These parameters are provided to compensate for the MOSFET parasi�c input capacitance (C ). Higher capacitance and/or lower gate slew rate requires higher compensa�on. The se�ngs can be selected via the table in the datasheet, or for be�er accuracy, via the test func�onality provided in the applica�on (this method is recommended).
  • Page 26 Step 18: Save the settings and write into the EEPROM. A. Save the configura�on to a file. B. Press “Write all se�ngs to EEPROM” before shu�ng down the power. C. The Allegro-only bits in EEPROM can be verified by pushing the “Read EEPROM and show se�ngs”...
  • Page 27 Default values of Allegro-only bits. The red bits should always be set to the following values. Bits with an ‘X’ is a user se�ng and can be set to 0 or 1. EE8_REG72 EE9_REG73 EE10_REG74 EE11_REG75 EE12_REG76 EE13_REG77 EE14_REG78 Address EE15_REG79 EE16_REG80 EE17_REG81 EE18_REG82...
  • Page 28 NOTE 1. HOW TO DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF POLES A. Connect one motor terminal to the supply, one terminal to ground, and leave the last terminal floa�ng. Increase the supply gradually, making sure the current doesn’t become too high (should be about half of the rated current).
  • Page 29 NOTE 2. TESTING THE IPD PERFORMANCE A. The IPD performance test is valid for ‘2-pulse IPD’, ‘6-pulse IPD’, and ‘Slight-move’ modes. B. Go to the IPD page, select IPD test stage, enable ‘Con�nuously Read Angle’, and push ‘Toggle Run/Stop’ to start driving. C.
  • Page 30 E. If ‘Stage1&2’ is selected (available for ‘2-pulse IPD’ and ‘6-pulse IPD’ op�ons), the output will successively step up from 15° to 345°, then back to 15°, if spun in target direc�on. If spun in the opposite direc�on the output will successively step down from 345° to 15°, then back to 345°. F.
  • Page 31 NOTE 3. DEBUGGING THE LOCK DETECT FEATURE Go to “Lock Detect” page to debug lock detec�on issues. Lock detec�on issue includes (1) Motor is locked, but IC can’t detect the lock, and (2) Motor is running okay, but IC detects a lock by mistake. Press the ‘con�nuous read’...
  • Page 32 NOTE 3. DEBUGGING THE LOCK DETECT FEATURE (continued) This is primarily for ceiling fan applica�ons with a loose connec�on (the stator can rotate some). To debug the vibra�on lock detect, press the “Threshold high” or “Threshold low” bu�ons, which will send the vibra�on detec�on signal to the “FAULT”...
  • Page 33 NOTE 4. TESTING MOTOR STARTUP An automated tes�ng feature is provided on the “Startup test” tab. Set the desired on-�me, off-�me (provide enough �me for the motor to stop), and push the Run/Stop bu�on. A startup is considered successful if the RMP at the end of the on-�me is between the specified RPM limits.

  • Page 34: Other Operating Features Of A89301

    OTHER OPERATING FEATURES OF A89301 Motor Operation Status Readback The register state_top_level[3:0] holds the motor operation status, which can be read through I2C. The address is 127[15:12]. The grey highlighted items are FAULT related. It can be used to extract the fault condition instead of decoding the flash patterns on the Fault pin.
  • Page 35 The A89301 application is a single master, single slave system, so 1.125 / (sqrt(3) / 2) = 1.3 SCL is only an input for the A89301, which does not need a pull- up resistor. SDA is a bidirectional signal, which requires a pull-up OCP Masking Time and Filtering Time resistor.
  • Page 36 1.125; and between the zero speed and full speed, current limit follows the curve in below picture. The A89301 gate driver outputs are current source/sink drivers. Internally, 100 kΩ resistor is connected between GLx and LSS, and between GHx and Sx. When the device is in sleep mode, dig- ital logic, charge pump, and regulators will be off.
  • Page 37 ) needs to be connected between VCP and VBB. When the A89301 is in the normal operation mode (running a motor), the current drawn from VCP has the static component and the dynamic component. The static component is about 1.5 mA.

  • Page 38: Schematic

    SCHEMATIC V3p3 V3p3 0.1uF V3p3 RNET1A 0.01uF 0.1uF 4.7uF RNET1C VUSB VUSB RNET1D 3V3OUT RNET1B USBDM USBDP RESET# RXF# TXE# VBB_ SI/WU# CBUS5 CBUS6 0.22uF 15uF 470uF 15uF 0.1uF VREG VREG 0.1uF VREG VREG JMP2 0.1uF 4.99k VREG A89301xES-T VREG BRAKE 4.99k BRAKE...

  • Page 39: Layout

    LAYOUT Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com...

  • Page 40: Bill Of Materials

    Table 4: A89301 Evaluation Board Bill of Materials ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS Designator Quantity Description Part Type Footprint BRAKE, CP1, CP2, DIR, FAULT, FG, GHA, GHB, GHC, GLA, GLB, GLC, LSS, SA, SB, Large Test Point Keystone Electronics 5010; Digikey 36-5010-ND PAD 57 125 TP HB...

  • Page 41: Related Links

    RELATED LINKS A89301 Product Page: https://www.allegromicro.com/en/products/motor-drivers/bldc-drivers/a89301 Software Registration Site: http://registration.allegromicro.com/login APPLICATION SUPPORT For applications support contact, go to https://www.allegromicro.com/en/about-allegro/contact-us/technical-assistance and navigate to the appropriate region. Allegro MicroSystems 955 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03103-3353 U.S.A. www.allegromicro.com...

  • Page 42: Revision History

    Revision History Number Date Description – February 27, 2019 Initial Release March 6, 2020 Minor editorial updates April 3, 2023 Added schematic, layout, bill of materials, related links, and minor editorial updates Copyright 2023, Allegro MicroSystems. Allegro MicroSystems reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products.

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