Silicon Laboratories Si4468/7 Manual

Silicon Laboratories Si4468/7 Manual

High-performance, low-current transceiver

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H
- P
I G H
ERFORMANCE
Features
Frequency range = 142–1050 MHz
Receive sensitivity = –133 dBm @
100 bps plus fast-scanning AFC for
standard TCXO applications
Modulation
(G)FSK, 4(G)FSK, (G)MSK

OOK

Max output power
+20 dBm (Si4468)

+13 dBm (Si4467)

PA support for +27 or +30 dBm
Low active power consumption
10/13 mA RX

18 mA TX at +10 dBm (Si4467)

Ultra low current powerdown modes
30 nA shutdown, 40 nA standby

Preamble sense mode
6 mA average RX current at

1.2 kbps
10 µA average RX current at

50 kbps and 1 sec sleep interval
Fast preamble detection
1 byte preamble detection

Data rate = 100 bps to 1 Mbps
Applications
Smart metering (802.15.4g and WMBus)
802.15.4 mesh networking
Home security and alarm
Telemetry
Garage and gate openers
Star and point-to-point networks
Home automation
Description
Silicon
Laboratories'
Si446x
transceivers covering the sub-GHz frequency bands from 142 to 1050 MHz. The
radios are part of the EZRadioPRO
transmitters, receivers, and transceivers covering a wide range of applications. A
high level of integration including support for IEEE 802.15.4 features enables
standards based sub GHz networking solutions. All parts offer outstanding
sensitivity of –133 dBm while achieving extremely low active and standby current
consumption. The Si4468/7 offers frequency coverage in all major bands. The
Si446x includes optimal phase noise, blocking, and selectivity performance for
narrow band and licensed band applications, such as FCC Part90 and 169 MHz
wireless MBus. The 69 dB adjacent channel selectivity with 12.5 kHz channel
spacing ensures robust receive operation in harsh RF conditions, which is
particularly important for narrow band operation. The Si4468 offers exceptional
output power of up to +20 dBm with outstanding TX efficiency. The high output
power and sensitivity results in an industry-leading link budget of 155 dB allowing
extended ranges and highly robust communication links. The Si4467 active mode
TX current consumption of 18 mA at +10 dBm and RX current of 10 mA coupled
with extremely low standby current and fast wake times ensure extended battery
life in the most demanding applications. The Si4468 can achieve up to +27 dBm
output power with built-in ramping control of a low-cost external FET. The devices
can meet worldwide regulatory standards: FCC, ETSI, and ARIB. All devices are
designed to be compliant with 802.15.4g and WMBus smart metering standards.
The devices are highly flexible and can be configured via the Wireless
Development Suite (WDS) available at www.silabs.com.
Rev 1.0 10/14
, L
-C
O W
Fast wake and hop times
Power supply = 1.8 to 3.8 V
Excellent selectivity performance
69 dB adjacent channel

79 dB blocking at 1 MHz

Antenna diversity and T/R switch control
Highly configurable packet handler
TX and RX 64 byte FIFOs
129 bytes dedicated Tx or Rx FIFO

Auto frequency control (AFC)
Automatic gain control (AGC)
Low BOM
Low battery detector
Temperature sensor
20-Pin QFN package
Sub-GHz 802.15.4 mesh network ready
IEEE 802.15.4g, and WMBus compliant
Suitable for FCC Part 90 Mask D, FCC
part 15.247, 15,231, 15,249, ARIB T-108,
T-96, T-67, RCR STD-30, China
regulatory
ETSI Category I Operation
EN 300 220
Ultra narrowband, long range
applications
Industrial control
Sensor networks
Health monitors
Electronic shelf labels
Low power wireless sensor
nodes
devices
are
high-performance,
®
family, which includes a complete line of
Copyright © 2014 by Silicon Laboratories
T
U R R E N T
RANSCEIVER
SDN
RXp
RXn
TX
NC
Patents pending
low-current
S i 4 4 6 8 / 7
Pin Assignments
20
19
18
17
1
16
2
15 nSEL
3
GND
14
SDI
PAD
4
13
SDO
5
12
SCLK
6
11
nIRQ
7
8
9
10
Si4468/7

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Summary of Contents for Silicon Laboratories Si4468/7

  • Page 1 GHz networking solutions. All parts offer outstanding sensitivity of –133 dBm while achieving extremely low active and standby current consumption. The Si4468/7 offers frequency coverage in all major bands. The Si446x includes optimal phase noise, blocking, and selectivity performance for narrow band and licensed band applications, such as FCC Part90 and 169 MHz wireless MBus.
  • Page 2 Si4468/7 Functional Block Diagram GPIO3 GPIO2 XOUT Loop PFD / CP Filter 30 MHz XO FBDIV Frac-N Div Bootup TX DIV PKDET PKDET nSEL MODEM FIFO Packet Handler SCLK nIRQ LDOs PowerRamp Cntl Digital Logic 32K LP TXRAMP GPIO0 GPIO1 Product Freq.
  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    15.1. Si4468/7 Top Marking ........
  • Page 4: Electrical Specifications

    Si4468/7 1. Electrical Specifications Table 1. DC Characteristics Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit Supply Voltage Range Power Saving Modes I RC Oscillator, Main Digital Regulator, — 1300 Shutdown and Low Power Digital Regulator OFF Register values maintained and RC —...
  • Page 5 Si4468/7 Table 2. Synthesizer AC Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit Synthesizer Frequency — 1050 Range — — — Synthesizer Frequency — 28.6 — 850–1050 MHz RES-960 Resolution — 14.3 — 420–525 MHz RES-525 — 11.4 — 350–420 MHz RES-420 —...
  • Page 6 Si4468/7 Table 3. Receiver AC Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit RX Frequency Range — 1050 — — — RX Sensitivity 169 MHz (BER < 0.1%) — –133 — RX_0.1 (100 bps, GFSK, BT = 0.5, f = 100 Hz) (BER <...
  • Page 7 Si4468/7 Table 3. Receiver AC Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit RX Sensitivity (BER < 0.1%) — –132 — RX_0.1 915/868 MHz (100 bps, GFSK, BT = 0.5, f = 100 Hz) (BER < 0.1%) — –109 –107 RX_40 (40 kbps, GFSK, BT = 0.5,...
  • Page 8 Si4468/7 Table 3. Receiver AC Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit No image rejection calibration. Rejec- — Image Rejection tion at the image frequency. (IF = 468.75 kHz) RF = 460 MHz With image rejection calibration in —...
  • Page 9 Si4468/7 Table 4. Transmitter AC Electrical Characteristics Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit TX Frequency — 1050 Range — — — (G)FSK Data Rate — kbps 4(G)FSK Data Rate — 1000 kbps 4FSK OOK Data Rate — kbps Modulation Deviation f —...
  • Page 10 Si4468/7 Table 4. Transmitter AC Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit Output Power Variation At 20 dBm PA power setting, 169 MHz, 18.5 (Si4468) Square Wave match, 3.3 V, 25 °C Output Power Variation At 10 dBm PA power setting, 169 MHz, 10.5...
  • Page 11 Si4468/7 Table 5. Auxiliary Block Specifications Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit Temperature Sensor — — Sensitivity Codes/ °C Low Battery Detector — — Resolution Microcontroller Clock Configurable to Fxtal or Fxtal 32.768K — Fxtal Output Frequency Range divided by 2, 3, 7.5, 10, 15, or 30 where Fxtal is the reference XTAL frequency.
  • Page 12 Si4468/7 Table 6. Digital IO Specifications (GPIO_x, SCLK, SDO, SDI, nSEL, nIRQ, SDN) Parameter Symbol Test Condition Unit Rise Time 0.1 x V to 0.9 x V — — RISE = 10 pF, DRV<1:0> = LL Fall Time 0.9 x V to 0.1 x V...
  • Page 13 Si4468/7 Table 7. Thermal Characteristics Parameter Symbol Value Unit Operating Ambient Temperature Range –40 to +125 °C Thermal Impedance Junction to Ambient*  °C/w Junction Temperature Maximum Value* +137 °C Storage Temperature Range –55 to +150 °C  are based on RF evaluation board measurements.
  • Page 14: Functional Description

    The Si446x devices are high-performance, low-current, wireless ISM transceivers that cover the sub-GHz bands. A key feature of the Si4468/7 is the support for IEEE 802.15.4g PHY and some features of 802.15.4 above the physical layer, which enables low-power, long-range networking solutions including mesh networking. In conjunction with Silicon Labs industry-leading ZigBee SoCs and EFM32 energy-friendly 32-bit ARM based microcontrollers, the Si4468/7 enables low-power solutions from sub GHz to 2.4 GHz for various “Internet of...
  • Page 15 Si4468/7 30 MHz nSEL Si4467 SCLK nIRQ Figure 1. Si4467 Direct-Tie Application Example 30 MHz nSEL Si4468 SCLK nIRQ Figure 2. Si4468 Single Antenna with RF Switch Example Rev 1.0...
  • Page 16: Controller Interface

    Si4468/7 3. Controller Interface 3.1. Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) The Si446x communicates with the host MCU over a standard 4-wire serial peripheral interface (SPI): SCLK, SDI, SDO, and nSEL. The SPI interface is designed to operate at a maximum of 10 MHz. The SPI timing parameters are demonstrated in Table 9.
  • Page 17 Si4468/7 Firmware Flow 0xFF Retrieve Send Command Read CTS CTS Value Response 0x00 NSEL ReadCmdBuff Figure 4. SPI Read Command—Check CTS Value NSEL Response Byte 0 Response Byte n Figure 5. SPI Read Command—Clock Out Read Data Rev 1.0...
  • Page 18: Fast Response Registers

    Si4468/7 3.2. Fast Response Registers The fast response registers are registers that can be read immediately without the requirement to monitor and check CTS. There are four fast response registers that can be programmed for a specific function. The fast response registers can be read through API commands, 0x50 for Fast Response A, 0x51 for Fast Response B, 0x53 for Fast Response C, and 0x57 for Fast Response D.
  • Page 19 Si4468/7 Table 10. Operating State Response Time and Current Consumption Response Time to Current in State State/Mode /Mode Shutdown State 15 ms 15 ms 30 nA Standby State 440 µs 440 µs 40 nA Sleep State 440 µs 440 µs...
  • Page 20 Si4468/7 Table 11. POR Timing Variable Description Units High time for VDD to fully settle POR circuit PORH Low time for VDD to enable POR PORL Voltage for successful POR 90% x Vdd Starting Voltage for successful POR Slew rate of VDD for successful POR 3.3.2.
  • Page 21 Si4468/7 3. Enable PLL. 4. Calibrate VCO/PLL. 5. Wait until PLL settles to required transmit frequency (controlled by an internal timer). 6. Activate power amplifier and wait until power ramping is completed (controlled by an internal timer). 7. Transmit packet.
  • Page 22: Application Programming Interface (Api)

    Si4468/7 3.4. Application Programming Interface (API) An application programming interface (API), which the host MCU will communicate with, is embedded inside the device. The API is divided into two sections, commands and properties. The commands are used to control the chip and retrieve its status.
  • Page 23: Gpio

    Si4468/7 3.6. GPIO Four general purpose IO pins are available to utilize in the application. The GPIO are configured by the GPIO_PIN_CFG command in address 13h. For a complete list of the GPIO options please see the API guide. GPIO pins 0 and 1 should be used for active signals such as data or clock. GPIO pins 2 and 3 have more susceptibility to generating spurious in the synthesizer than pins 0 and 1.
  • Page 24: Modulation And Hardware Configuration Options

    Si4468/7 4. Modulation and Hardware Configuration Options The Si446x supports different modulation options and can be used in various configurations to tailor the device to any specific application or legacy system for drop in replacement. The modulation and configuration options are set in API property, MODEM_MOD_TYPE.
  • Page 25 Si4468/7 In TX FIFO mode, the data bytes stored in FIFO memory are “packaged” together with other fields and bytes of information to construct the final transmit packet structure. These other potential fields include the Preamble, Sync word, and CRC checksum. In TX mode, the packet structure may be highly customized by enabling or disabling individual fields;...
  • Page 26: Preamble Length

    Si4468/7 4.3. Preamble Length 4.3.1. Digital Signal Arrival Detector (DSA) Traditional preamble detection requires 20 preamble bits to detect a preamble. This device introduces a new approach to signal detection that can detect a preamble pattern in as little as one byte. If AFC is enabled, a preamble length of two bytes is sufficient to reliably detect signal arrival and settle a one-shot AFC.
  • Page 27 Si4468/7 Table 13. Recommended Preamble Length Mode Antenna Preamble Type Recommended Recommended Diversity Preamble Length Preamble Detection Threshold (G)FSK Disabled Disabled Standard 4 Bytes 20 bits (G)FSK Enabled Disabled Standard 5 Bytes 20 bits (G)FSK Disabled Disabled Non-standard 2 Bytes...
  • Page 28: Internal Functional Blocks

    Si4468/7 5. Internal Functional Blocks The following sections provide an overview to the key internal blocks and features. 5.1. RX Chain The internal low-noise amplifier (LNA) is designed to be a wide-band LNA that can be matched with three or four external discrete components to cover any common range of frequencies in the sub-GHz band.
  • Page 29: Rx Modem

    Si4468/7 5.2. RX Modem Using high-performance ADCs allows channel filtering, image rejection, and demodulation to be performed in the digital domain, which allows for flexibility in optimizing the device for particular applications. The digital modem performs the following functions: Channel selection filter ...
  • Page 30 Si4468/7 5.2.3. Auto Frequency Correction (AFC) Frequency mistuning caused by crystal inaccuracies can be compensated for by enabling the digital automatic frequency control (AFC) in receive mode. There are two types of integrated frequency compensation: modem frequency compensation and AFC by adjusting the PLL frequency. With AFC disabled, the modem compensation can correct for frequency offsets up to ±0.25 times the IF bandwidth.
  • Page 31: Synthesizer

    Si4468/7 5.2.6. RSSI Jump Indicator (Collision Detection) The chip is capable of detecting a jump in RSSI in either direction (i.e., either a signal increase or a signal decrease). Both polarities of jump detection may be enabled simultaneously, resulting in detection of a Jump-Up or Jump-Down event.
  • Page 32 Si4468/7 Table 14. Output Divider (Outdiv) Values for the Si4468/7 Outdiv Lower (MHz) Upper (MHz) 1050 5.3.1.1. EZ Frequency Programming In applications that utilize multiple frequencies or channels, it may not be desirable to write four API registers each time a frequency change is required. EZ frequency programming is provided so that only a single register write (channel number) is required to change frequency.
  • Page 33: Transmitter (Tx)

    Si4468/7 packet handling, the RSSI threshold is the only condition that can be used if the user is in “direct” or “RAW” mode where packet handling features are not used. The RSSI threshold value may be converted to an approximate equivalent RF input power level through the equation shown in "5.2.5.
  • Page 34 Si4468/7 Table 15. Ramp Times as a Function of TC[3:0] Value Ramp Time (µs) 1.25 1.33 1.43 1.54 1.67 1.82 2.00 2.22 2.50 2.86 3.33 4.00 5.00 6.67 10.00 20.00 The ramping profile is close to a linear ramping profile with smoothed out corner when approaching Vhi and Vlo.
  • Page 35 Si4468/7 5.4.1. Si4468: +20 dBm PA The +20 dBm configuration utilizes a class-E matching configuration for all frequency bands except 169 MHz where it uses a Square Wave match..Typical performance for the 915 MHz band for output power steps, voltage, and temperature are shown in Figures 10–12.
  • Page 36: Crystal Oscillator

    Si4468/7 TX Power vs Temp 20.5 19.5 18.5 -40 -30 -20 -10 Temperature (C) Figure 12. +20 dBm TX Power vs. Temp 5.5. Crystal Oscillator The Si446x includes an integrated crystal oscillator with a fast start-up time of less than 250 µs. The design is differential with the required crystal load capacitance integrated on-chip to minimize the number of external components.
  • Page 37 Si4468/7 Utilizing the on-chip temperature sensor and suitable control software, the temperature dependency of the crystal can be canceled. A TCXO or external signal source can easily be used in place of a conventional XTAL and should be connected to the XIN pin.
  • Page 38: Data Handling And Packet Handler

    Si4468/7 6. Data Handling and Packet Handler 6.1. RX and TX FIFOs Two 64-byte FIFOs are integrated into the chip, one for RX and one for TX, as shown in Figure 14. For dedicated TX or RX, the FIFO size is up to 129 bytes. Writing to command Register 66h loads data into the TX FIFO, and reading from command Register 77h reads data from the RX FIFO.
  • Page 39 Si4468/7 The fields are highly programmable and can be used to check any kind of pattern in a packet structure. The general functions of the packet handler include the following: Detection/validation of Preamble quality in RX mode (PREAMBLE_VALID signal) ...
  • Page 40: Rx Modem Configuration

    Si4468/7 7. RX Modem Configuration The Si446x can easily be configured for different data rate, deviation, frequency, etc. by using the Radio Configuration Application (RCA) GUI which is part of the Wireless Development Suite (WDS) program. 8. Auxiliary Blocks 8.1. Wake-up Timer and 32 kHz Clock Source The chip contains an integrated wake-up timer that can be used to periodically wake the chip from sleep mode.
  • Page 41 Si4468/7 Figure 16. RX and TX LDC Sequences The basic operation of RX LDC mode is shown in Figure 17. The receiver periodically wakes itself up to work on RX_STATE during LDC mode duration. If a valid preamble is not detected, a receive error is detected, or an entire packet is not received, the receiver returns to the WUT state (i.e., ready or sleep) at the end of LDC mode duration...
  • Page 42: Temperature, Battery Voltage, And Auxiliary Adc

    Si4468/7 8.3. Temperature, Battery Voltage, and Auxiliary ADC The Si446x family contains an integrated auxiliary ADC for measuring internal battery voltage, an internal temperature sensor, or an external component over a GPIO. The ADC utilizes a SAR architecture and achieves 11-bit resolution.
  • Page 43 Si4468/7 Figure 18. Preamble Sense Mode Table 16. Data Rates Data Rate 1.2 kbps 9.6 kbps 50 kbps 100 kbps PM length = 4 bytes 6.48 6.84 8.44 10.43 PM length = 8 bytes 3.83 3.96 4.57 5.33 Note: Typical values. Active RX current is 13 mA.
  • Page 44: Standards Support

    Si4468/7 9. Standards Support 9.1. Wireless MBus Support Wireless MBus is a widely accepted standard for smart meter communication in Europe. The radio supports all WMBus modes per the latest draft specification of the EN13757-4 standard. This includes a much wider deviation error tolerance of ±30% and frequency error tolerance of ±4 kHz, short preamble support (16-bit preamble for 2...
  • Page 45: Ieee 802.15.4 Support

    Si4468/7 9.3. IEEE 802.15.4 Support Si4468/7 supports the mandatory features of MR-FSK PHY specified in IEEE 802.15.4g as well as some key features from IEEE 802.15.4. The high level of integration makes it easy to use and offloads the host microcontroller from these tasks.
  • Page 46 Si4468/7 Figure 19. Transmit Operation where first CSMA Check Fails and Second Passes The device also supports Listen Before Talk (LBT) as defined by the ETSI EN 300 220-1 specification, which adds a minimum (fixed) 5 ms delay in addition to a random backoff before transmission.
  • Page 47: Packet Trace Port

    The default baud rate of the PTI interface is 500 kbaud, which is optimal to support a 250 kbps data rate. PTI is supported on Si4468/7 in the 15.4 boot mode only and is supported by Silicon Labs Development tools.
  • Page 48: Pin Descriptions: Si4468/7

    Si4468/7 11. Pin Descriptions: Si4468/7 15 nSEL SCLK nIRQ Pin Name Description Shutdown Input Pin . 0–VDD V digital input. SDN should be = 0 in all modes except Shutdown mode. When SDN = 1, the chip will be completely shut down, and the contents of the registers will be lost.
  • Page 49 Si4468/7 Pin Name Description Serial Clock Input. 0–VDD V digital input. This pin provides the serial data clock function for the SCLK 4-line serial data bus. Data is clocked into the Si446x on positive edge transi- tions. 0–VDD V Digital Output.
  • Page 50: Ordering Information

    Si4468/7 12. Ordering Information Operating Part Number Description Package Type Temperature Si4468-A2A-IM ISM EZRadioPRO Transceiver QFN- –40 to 125 °C Pb-free Si4467-A2A-IM ISM EZRadioPRO Transceiver QFN- –40 to 125 °C Pb-free Note: Add an “(R)” at the end of the device part number to denote tape and reel option.
  • Page 51: Package Outline: Si4468/7

    Si4468/7 13. Package Outline: Si4468/7 Figure 20 illustrates the package details for the Si446x. Table 17 lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration.   bbb C Pin 1 (Laser) aaa C 20x b ccc C C A B...
  • Page 52 Si4468/7 Table 17. Package Dimensions Dimension 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF 0.18 0.25 0.30 4.00 BSC 2.45 2.60 2.75 0.50 BSC 4.00 BSC 2.45 2.60 2.75 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.15 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.08 Notes: 1. All dimensions are shown in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted.
  • Page 53: Pcb Land Pattern: Si4468/7

    Si4468/7 14. PCB Land Pattern: Si4468/7 Figure 21 illustrates the PCB land pattern details for the Si446x. Table 18 lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration. Figure 21. PCB Land Pattern Rev 1.0...
  • Page 54 Si4468/7 Table 18. PCB Land Pattern Dimensions Symbol Millimeters 3.90 4.00 3.90 4.00 0.50 REF 0.20 0.30 2.55 2.65 0.65 0.75 2.55 2.65 Notes: General 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. This land pattern design is based on IPC-7351 guidelines.
  • Page 55: Top Marking

    Si4468/7 15. Top Marking 15.1. Si4468/7 Top Marking 15.2. Top Marking Explanation YAG Laser Mark Method 44682A = Si4468 Rev A2 Part Number Line 1 Marking 44672A = Si4467 Rev A2 TTTTTT = Internal Code Internal tracking code. Line 2 Marking YY = Year Assigned by the Assembly House.
  • Page 56: Document Change List

    Si4468/7 OCUMENT HANGE Revision 0.1 to Revision 1.0 Updated parameters and notes in “1. Electrical  Specifications”. Updated Table 15.  Updated “11. Pin Descriptions: Si4468/7”.  Minor updates to text descriptions.  Rev 1.0...
  • Page 57: Contact Information

    The products must not be used within any Life Support System without the specific written consent of Silicon Laboratories. A "Life Support System" is any product or system intended to support or sustain life and/or health, which, if it fails, can be reasonably expected to result in significant personal injury or death.

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