Acer Aspire XC-1760 I5202 User Manual page 46

46 - Internet and online security
Common threats cybercriminals use
Now you know a few very common ways cybercriminals try to sneak
onto your device or trick you into providing private information to them
directly. Here are a few of the types of malware they like to deploy
once they've got into a device and what to do if you're ever infected.
Ransomware
A form of malware that will encrypt personal data files on your
computer and attached devices. Encryption converts files into another
format, that can only be opened with a specific decryption key. Once
the ransomware installs itself, it will display a warning message that
the computer is now locked. The user is given a specific amount of
money to pay as a "fine" and a timeframe in which to pay. Even if
paid, the criminal might choose to not unencrypt the files anyway!
What to do if you're infected: Avoid getting infected in the first place
by staying protected with internet security software like Norton
Security. Also, perform regular backups of all your data either online
or to a separate external hard drive that is only attached to your
computer while performing the backup. Ransomware has been known
to lock access to external hard drives attached to the computer.
If you are infected with ransomware, think twice before you pay the
ransom. There is no guarantee the cybercriminal will unlock your files
and you'll be funding them to prey upon another innocent victim.
Botnets
A botnet is a string of infected, connected computers coordinated
together to perform a task. Botnets gain access to your machine
through some piece of malicious coding. Once the software is
downloaded, the botnet will now contact its master computer and let it
know that everything is ready to go. Now your computer, phone,
tablet, or IoT device is entirely under the control of the person who
created the botnet. Most people who are infected with botnets aren't
even aware that their computer's security has become compromised!
What to do if you're infected: If you're infected you probably don't
realize it as bots are notoriously quiet. Your Internet Service Provider
might send you a notification alerting you that they found a threat on
your network and that you need to remove the bot. If you have a bot,