Phytec phyGATE Tauri-L Hardware Manual
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Phytec phyGATE Tauri-L Hardware Manual

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L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit
Hardware and BSP Manual
 
 
 
 
 
 
A product of PHYTEC Technology Holding Company

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Summary of Contents for Phytec phyGATE Tauri-L

  • Page 1   L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual             A product of PHYTEC Technology Holding Company...
  • Page 2 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual Document Type Hardware / BSP Reference Manual Yocto Page L-813e.A12 Yocto Reference Manual Article Number L-1028e.A4 Release Date 20.01.2023 Is Branch of L-1028e.Ax i.MX 8 phyGATE-Tauri-L Kit Hardware and BSP Manual Head © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 3 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 4: Notes About This Manual

    Notes about this Manual Usage The information in this manual is valid for all standard variants of the phyGATE Tauri-L industrial gateway from PHYTEC Messtechnik GmbH. An overview of all devices and variants to which the descriptions apply can be found in Product Information.

  • Page 5: Safety Instructions And Liability

    L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual Safety Instructions and Liability Intended Use The phyGATE Tauri-L gateway is designed for monitoring, processing, and communicating machine and sensor data in industrial environments. For data communication, the devices provide various typical industrial interfaces for connection to surrounding devices.
  • Page 6 Improper use and connection of these devices, as well as subsequent processing of these devices (e.g. soldering work on the printed circuit board), lead to exclusion of liability on the part of the manufacturer. Please observe the corresponding information in the operating instructions for proper installation. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 7: Product Information

    3.1 Product Names and Variants The phyGATE Tauri-L gateway is available in different variants and expansion stages, which differ in the scope of performance and functions. The following table gives an overview of available variants of the gateway and an explanation for the identification of the article number.
  • Page 8 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual FIGURE 1: phyGATE Tauri-L Interfaces TABLE 2: phyGATE Tauri-L Interface List PB-03420-003.Ax PB-03420-001.Ax PB-03420-002.Ax Controls/Displays (25mm housing) (25mm housing) (50mm housing) 1. Power-LED green 2. User-LED red (freely configurable) 3. User-LED yellow (freely configurable) 4.

  • Page 9: Technical Data

    (14.) internal miniPCIe slot (USB only) (15.) SIM card socket 3.3 Nameplate The nameplate of the phyGATE Tauri-L gateway is located on the side of the housing. Here you will find essential information about your device. Technical Data TABLE 3: Technical Data Information Electrical Data min.
  • Page 10 1x power status LED Software Specification Operating system Linux (Yocto) Security Features Device-Management / Cloud-Update concept Mechanical Data Housing type Phoenix ICS Housing material Polyamide Mounting type Top-hat rail mounting according to DIN EN 60715 IP protection class max. IP20 © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 11 Weight (depending on variant) max. 250 g (depending on variant) Environmental Data Storage temperature -20 °C - +70 °C Operating temperature -20 °C - +60 °C Humidity 10% - 95% non condensing IP protection class control cabinet min. IP44 © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 12 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual FIGURE 2: phyGATE-Tauri-L Measurements © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 13: Package Contents/Accessories

    1x LAN cable 2m     3.6 Certification The phyGATE Tauri-L has been approved for sale and use on the European market and meets the criteria for CE marking according to: • DIN EN 61000-6-2:2019-11 EMV Interference immunity for industrial areas •...
  • Page 14 3.7 Technical Documentation and Support Technical documentation for the product can be found on our product page online at www.phytec.de. If you have any questions or suggestions regarding the product, we look forward to hearing from you.

  • Page 15: Technical Product Information

    4 Technical Product Information Block Diagram FIGURE 3: phyGATE-Tauri-L Block Diagram Electrical Connection The phyGATE Tauri-L gateway has various interfaces for connection to the surrounding infrastructure. The following table lists the connections with the matching mating connectors. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 16 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual FIGURE 4: phyGATE-Tauri-L Infrastructure Interfaces TABLE 5: phyGATE Tauri-L Interfaces and Mating Connectors phyGATE Tauri-L Interfaces Reference Connection Device Socket Mating Connector DC supply Phoenix MC 1,5/ 2-GF-3,81 Phoenix MC 1,5/ 2-STF-3,81 Phoenix FMC1.5/2-STF-3.81...
  • Page 17 RS232_1_TX RS232 / RS485 / CAN RS232_1_RX GND_ISO RS485_A RS485_B CANH CANL  For the phyGATE Tauri-L variants with RS232 /  RS485 / CAN, the function of the pins can be configured by the application software. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 18: Mechanical Connection

    Mechanical Connection The phyGATE Tauri-L gateway housing is designed to be mounted on a top-hat rail in the control cabinet. For mounting on the top-hat rail, there is a mounting device on the housing which allows a tool-free and safe mounting on a 35 mm top-hat rail.
  • Page 19 5 Getting Started with the phyGATE Tauri-L Gateway Introduction To easily get started with your phyGATE Tauri-L device, you'll find a description with the necessary tools and provision of the know-how to work with the Linux Board Support Package (BSP) for the phyCORE-i.MX 8M Mini below.
  • Page 20  If you have a prepared SD card from the phyGATE Tauri-L Kit, this section can be skipped. If you are using your own SD Card, you'll have to download the prebuilt image file and burn it to the SD card first: Download the Image file located at https://download.phytec.de/Software/Linux/BSP-Yocto-i.MX8MM/BSP-...

  • Page 21: Insert The Microsd Card

    5.4.2 Set Boot Switch The phyGATE Tauri-L provides a boot switch to choose the boot source of the device. You can choose either eMMC (DIP at position '1') or SD Card (DIP at position 'ON') as a boot source. ...
  • Page 22 Do not make any electrical changes to the interfaces and cables while the board is connected to power. This is to avoid damage to the device!  Be aware that as soon as the phyGATE Tauri-L is supplied with power, the SD Card boot sequence will begin. Ensure that all cables are connected on the board! ...
  • Page 23 FIGURE 8: SSH Connection (PuTTY Interface) Configure Host Name as "root@192.168.3.11" Press 'Open' to connect the device via SSH If you are using Linux: host$ ifconfig <eth-interface> 192.168.3.10 host$ ssh root@192.168.3.11 Yogurt Vendor (Phytec Vendor Distribution) 2.6.2 phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2 ttymxc2  phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2 login: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 24 Finding the Right Software Platform The i.MX 8M Mini BSP is a unified BSP, which means, it supports a set of different PHYTEC carrier boards (CB) with different Systems on Module (SOMs). For the Tauri-L there is one machine included:...
  • Page 25 ACCEPT_FSL_EULA = "1" • Build your image: host:~/yocto/build$ bitbake phytec-headless-image 6.5 BSP Images All images generated by Bitbake are deployed to ~/yocto/build/tmp/deploy/images/phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-1/. The following list shows for example all files generated for the i.MX 8M Mini phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-1 machine: • U-Boot: u-boot.bin © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 26 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual • U-Boot-SPL: u-boot-spl.bin • lpddr4 binary files: lpddr4_pmu_train_1d_dmem.bin, lpddr4_pmu_train_1d_imem.bin, lpddr4_pmu_train_2d_dmem.bin, lpddr4_pmu_train_2d_imem.bin • Kernel: Image • Kernel device tree file: oftree • imx8mm-phy*.dtbo: Kernel device tree overlay files • Root filesystem: phytec-headless-image-phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2.tar.gz, phytec-headless-image- phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-1.manifest • SD card image: phytec-headless-image-phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2.sdcard © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 27: Updating Software

    It is also possible to update the eMMC from your Linux host. As before, you need a complete image on your host.  A working network is necessary! • Show your available image files on the host: host$ ls © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 28 Resizing ext4 Root Filesystem. 7.2.1 Updating eMMC via SD Card in Linux on Target You can also update the eMMC under Linux. You only need a complete image saved on the SD card (e.q. phytec- headless-image-phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2.sdcard). • Show your saved image files on the SD card: target$ ls phytec-headless-image-phygate-tauri-l-imx8mm-2.sdcard...
  • Page 29 The RAUC (Robust Auto-Update Controller) mechanism support has been added to meta-ampliphy. It controls the procedure of updating a device with new firmware. This includes updating the Linux kernel, Device Tree, and root filesystem. PHYTEC has written an online manual on how we have intergraded RAUC into our BSPs: L-1006e.A3 RAUC Update &...

  • Page 30: Device Tree Structure

    PHYTEC i.MX 8M Mini BSP Device Tree Concept The following sections explain some rules we have defined on how to set up device trees for our i.MX 8M Mini SoC- based boards.
  • Page 31 You can read and write the file on the booted target: target$ cat /boot/bootenv.txt overlays=imx8mm-phyboard-polis-peb-eval-01.dtbo imx8mm-phyboard-polis-peb-av-010.dtbo Changes will then take effect after the next reboot. If no bootenv.txt file is available the overlays variable can be set directly in the U-Boot environment. u-boot=> setenv overlays imx8mm-phyboard-polis-peb-av-010.dtbo © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 32 Extension 0: phyCORE-i.MX8MM no SPI flash Manufacturer: PHYTEC Version: Devicetree overlay: imx8mm-phycore-no-spiflash.dtbo Other information: SPI flash not populated on SoM If the EEPROM data is not available, no device tree overlays are applied and the default status "okay" is preserved. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 33 MMC device or from tftp. The main intention of this file is to store the ${overlays} variable. This makes it easy to pre-define the overlays in Yocto depending on the machine used. The content from the file is defined in the Yocto recipe bootenv found in meta-phytec https://git.phytec.de/meta-phytec/tree/recipes-bsp/bootenv? h=hardknott.
  • Page 34 L-1028e.A4 phyGATE-Tauri-L (i.MX 8M Mini) Kit Hardware and BSP Manual Accessing Peripherals To find out which boards and modules are supported by the release of PHYTEC’s i.MX8 BSP described herein, visit our web page at http://www.phytec.de/produkte/software/yocto/phytec-unified-yocto-bsp-releases/ and click the corresponding BSP release. here you can find all hardware supported in the columns "Hardware Article Number"...
  • Page 35 Documentation for calling the IOCTL within c-code is described in the Linux kernel documentation: https:// www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/serial/serial-rs485.txt 10.2.1.2 RS232 • ttymxc3 can also be used as a RS232 interface. This can be configured with devicetree overlays. target$ cat /boot/bootenv.txt                                  overlays=imx8mm-phygate-tauri-rs232-rs485.dtbo © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 36 The DT Ethernet setup might be split into two files depending on your hardware configuration: the module DT, and the board-specific DT. The device tree set up for the FEC ethernet IP core where the ethernet PHY is populated on the SoM can be found here: https://git.phytec.de/linux-imx/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8mm-phycore-som.dtsi?h=v5.10.72_2.2.0- phy4#n44 © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 37 10.4 SD / MMC Card phyGATE Tauri-L gateway supports a slot for Secure Digital Cards and MultiMedia Cards to be used as general- purpose block devices. These devices can be used in the same way as any other block device.
  • Page 38 10.5 eMMC Devices PHYTEC modules like phyCORE-i.MX 8M Mini are populated with an eMMC memory chip as main storage. eMMC devices contain raw MLC memory cells combined with a memory controller that handles ECC and wear leveling. They are connected via an MMC/SD interface to the i.MX 8M Mini and are represented as block devices in the Linux kernel like SD cards, flash drives, or hard disks.
  • Page 39 To ensure that the new setting is taken over and the kernel triggers BKOPS by itself, shut down the system with:  The BKOPS_EN bit is a one-time programmable only. It cannot be reversed. 10.5.3 Reliable Write There are two different Reliable Write options: Reliable Write option for a whole eMMC device/partition. Reliable Write for single write transactions. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 40 When flashing the SD card image to eMMC, the ext4 root partition is not extended to the end of the eMMC. parted can be used to expand the root partition. The example works for any block device such as eMMC, SD card, or hard disk. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 41 Filesystem at /dev/mmcblk2p2 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required [ 131.609512] EXT4-fs (mmcblk2p2): resizing filesystem from 454136 7367680 blocks old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = [ 131.970278] EXT4-fs (mmcblk2p2): resized filesystem to 7367680 The filesystem on /dev/mmcblk2p2 is now 7367680 (1k) blocks long © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 42: Spi Master

    <Y> stands for the GPIO within the bank. <Y> is being counted from 0 to 31 (32 GPIOs on each bank). By contrast, the Linux kernel uses a single integer to enumerate all available GPIOs in the system. The formula to calculate the right number is: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 43 -s, --sec=SEC: specify the number of seconds to wait (only valid mode=time) -u, --usec=USEC: specify the number of microseconds to wait (only valid mode=time -b, --background: after setting values: detach from the controlling terminal   Modes: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 44 10.9 C Bus The i.MX 8M Mini contains three Multimaster fast-mode I²C modules called I2C1, I2C2, I2C3, and I2C4. PHYTEC boards provide plenty of different I²C devices connected to the I²C modules of the i.MX 8M Mini. This chapter will describe the basic device usage and its DT representation of some of the I²C devices integrated on our phyGATE-...
  • Page 45 The I2C EEPROM, populated on the phyCORE-i.MX 8M Mini/Nano, has a separate ID page that is addressable over I2C address 0x59 on bus 0 and a normal area that is addressable over i2c address 0x51 on bus 0. PHYTEC uses this data area of 32 Bytes to store information about the SoM.
  • Page 46 Linux standard CAN framework which builds upon then the Linux network layer. Using this framework, the CAN interfaces behave like an ordinary Linux network device, with some additional features special to CAN. More information can be found in the Linux Kernel documentation: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/networking/can.html • Use: target$ ip link © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 47 Interface Name NOARP CAN cannot use ARP protocol Maximum Transfer Unit RX packets Number of Received Packets TX packets Number of Transmitted Packets RX bytes Number of Received Bytes TX bytes Number of Transmitted Bytes © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 48 --help and candump --help provide help messages for further information on options and usage.  Warning The mcp2517fd SPI to CANfd supports only baudrates starting from 125kB/s. Slower rates can be selected but may not work correctly. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 49 10.12 RTCs can be accessed via /dev/rtc*. Because PHYTEC boards have often more than one RTC, there might be more than one RTC device file. • To find the name of the RTC device, you can read its sysfs entry with: target$ cat /sys/class/rtc/rtc*/name •...

  • Page 50: Usb Host Controller

    Due to udev, all mass storage devices connected get unique IDs and can be found in /dev/disks/by-id. These IDs can be used in /etc/fstab to mount the different USB memory devices in different ways. User USB2 (host) configuration is in the kernel device tree phytec-imx8mm-phyGATE-Tauri.dtsi: […]...
  • Page 51 TPM 2.0 standard. The TPM is connected over the SPI interface. Currently, we support a basic driver implementation. Bootlog output: tpm_tis_spi spi1.0: TPM (device-id 0x1B, rev-id 16) TPM configuration in the kernel device tree phytec-imx8mm-phyGATE-Tauri.dtsi: https://git.phytec.de/linux-imx/tree/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/imx8mm-phygate-tauri.dts?h=v5.10.72_2.2.0- phy4#n111 10.15 PCIe The phyGATE-Tauri-L has one Mini-PCIe slot. In general, PCIe autodetects new devices on the bus. After connecting the device and booting up the system, you can use the command lspci to see all PCIe devices recognized.
  • Page 52 58.690822] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: L1 Disabled - LTR Disabled 58.696577] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0 58.831022] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: L1 Disabled - LTR Disabled 58.839679] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: L1 Disabled - LTR Disabled 58.845435] iwlwifi 0000:01:00.0: Radio type=0x1-0x2-0x0 58.902797] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp1s0: link is not ready © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 53: Cellular Modem

    Hardware | manufacturer: Telit model: LE910C1-EUX firmware revision: 25.30.221 [Mar 21 2020 05:00:00] carrier config: default h/w revision: 1.10 supported: gsm-umts, lte current: gsm-umts, lte equipment id: 355788110390839 ----------------------------------- System device: /sys/devices/platform/soc@0/32c00000.bus/ 32e50000.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb2/2-1/2-1.1 drivers: qmi_wwan plugin: telit © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 54 /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Bearer/0 initial bearer ip type: ipv4v6 ----------------------------------- primary sim path: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0 sim slot paths: slot 1: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/SIM/0 (active) slot 2: none ----------------------------------- Bearer paths: /org/freedesktop/ModemManager1/Bearer/1 • Show information for bearer found in the list above: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 55 The i.MX 8M Mini SoC can have multiple processor cores on the die. The i.MX 8M Mini Quad, for example, has 4 ARM Cores which can be turned on and off individually at runtime. • To see all available cores in the system, execute: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 56: Thermal Management

    This section describes how the thermal management kernel API is used for the i.MX 8M Mini SoC platform. The i.MX8 has internal temperature sensors for the SoC. • The current temperature can be read in millicelsius with: target$ cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp • You will get, for example: © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...
  • Page 57 Share, Bang Bang, and Userspace. The default policy used in the BSP is step_wise.  If the value of the SoC temperature in the sysfs file temp is above trip_point_0 (greater than 85 °C), the CPU frequency is set to the lowest CPU frequency. When the SoC temperature drops below trip_point_0 again, the throttling is released. © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

  • Page 58: Revision History

    Preliminary Version 28.09.2021 L-1028e.A1 Updated Power Information 29.10.2021 L-1028e.A2 Updated housing information 20.04.2022 L-1028e.A3 Update BSP PD22.1.0 PDF Version 20.01.2023 L-1028e.A4 Adaptions from Mini BSP manual. Rework some parts of the document (USB OTG, dts links..) © PHYTEC Messtecknik GmbH...

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