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BMW N13 Technical Training Manual
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BMW N13 Technical Training Manual

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Technical￿training.
Product￿information.
N13￿Engine.
BMW￿Service

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  • Page 1 Technical￿training. Product￿information. N13￿Engine. BMW￿Service...
  • Page 2 General￿information Symbols￿used The￿following￿symbol￿is￿used￿in￿this￿document￿to￿facilitate￿better￿comprehension￿or￿to￿draw￿attention to￿very￿important￿information: Contains￿important￿safety￿information￿and￿information￿that￿needs￿to￿be￿observed￿strictly￿in￿order￿to guarantee￿the￿smooth￿operation￿of￿the￿system. Information￿status￿and￿national-market￿versions BMW￿Group￿vehicles￿meet￿the￿requirements￿of￿the￿highest￿safety￿and￿quality￿standards.￿Changes in￿requirements￿for￿environmental￿protection,￿customer￿benefits￿and￿design￿render￿necessary continuous￿development￿of￿systems￿and￿components.￿Consequently,￿there￿may￿be￿discrepancies between￿the￿contents￿of￿this￿document￿and￿the￿vehicles￿available￿in￿the￿training￿course. This￿document￿basically￿relates￿to￿the￿European￿version￿of￿left￿hand￿drive￿vehicles.￿Some￿operating elements￿or￿components￿are￿arranged￿differently￿in￿right-hand￿drive￿vehicles￿than￿shown￿in￿the graphics￿in￿this￿document.￿Further￿differences￿may￿arise￿as￿the￿result￿of￿the￿equipment￿specification￿in specific￿markets￿or￿countries. Additional￿sources￿of￿information Further￿information￿on￿the￿individual￿topics￿can￿be￿found￿in￿the￿following: • Owner's￿Handbook • Integrated￿Service￿Technical￿Application. Contact:￿conceptinfo@bmw.de ©2011￿BMW￿AG,￿Munich,￿Germany Reprints￿of￿this￿publication￿or￿its￿parts￿require￿the￿written￿approval￿of￿BMW￿AG,￿Munich The￿information￿contained￿in￿this￿document￿forms￿an￿integral￿part￿of￿the￿technical￿training￿of￿the BMW￿Group￿and￿is￿intended￿for￿the￿trainer￿and￿participants￿in￿the￿seminar.￿Refer￿to￿the￿latest￿relevant information￿systems￿of￿the￿BMW￿Group￿for￿any￿changes/additions￿to￿the￿technical￿data. Contact Gernot￿Nehmeyer Telephone￿+49￿(0)￿89￿382￿34059 gernot.nehmeyer@bmw.de Information￿status:￿June￿2011...
  • Page 3 N13￿Engine. Contents. Introduction................................................1.1. Models ..............................................1.2. Technical￿data ..........................................1.2.1. BMW￿116i ......................................1.2.2. BMW￿118i ......................................1.3. New￿features/changes ....................................1.3.1. Overview ......................................1.4. Engine￿identification ..................................... 1.4.1. Engine￿designation ............................... 1.4.2. Engine￿identification ..............................Engine￿Mechanics..........................................2.1. Engine￿housing ........................................2.1.1. Engine￿block .................................... 2.1.2.

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    N13￿Engine. Contents. 3.5. Oil￿spray￿nozzles ......................................... 3.5.1. Piston￿crown￿cooling ..............................3.5.2. Timing￿chain￿lubrication ............................Cooling..................................................4.1. Overview ............................................4.2. Heat￿management ......................................4.2.1. Friction￿gear￿servodrive ............................4.2.2. Map￿thermostat .................................. 4.2.3. Heat￿management￿function ..........................Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst................................5.1. Overview ............................................5.2. Air￿intake￿system ........................................ 5.2.1. Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter ............................5.2.2.
  • Page 5 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. With￿the￿N13￿engine￿Turbo-Valvetronic￿Direct￿Injection￿(TVDI)￿technology￿is￿making￿its￿first appearance￿in￿BMW's￿small￿4-cylinder￿petrol￿engines.￿The￿N13￿engine￿is￿gradually￿replacing￿the N46￿and￿N43￿4-cylinder￿engines￿in￿the￿performance￿classes￿below￿the￿x20i.￿A￿TwinScroll￿exhaust turbocharger￿optimises￿the￿response￿characteristics￿and￿delivers￿power￿already￿at￿low￿engine￿speeds. The￿N13￿engine￿is￿closely￿related￿to￿the￿N18￿engine,￿which￿drives￿the￿MINI￿COOPER￿S.￿The￿basic engine￿is￿essentially￿the￿same￿-￿with￿just￿minor￿modifications.￿The￿peripherals￿have￿been￿adapted￿to longitudinal￿installation￿in￿BMW￿models.￿A￿special￿feature￿for￿BMW￿is￿the￿switching￿of￿the￿intake￿and exhaust￿sides￿in￿the￿vehicle.￿Thus,￿for￿the￿first￿time￿in￿a￿BMW￿vehicle,￿the￿exhaust￿side￿is￿on￿the￿left side￿when￿viewed￿in￿the￿direction￿of￿travel. This￿document￿only￿describes￿the￿two￿versions￿as￿are￿used￿as￿at￿September￿2011￿in￿the￿BMW￿1 Series,￿F20. 1.1.￿Models Model￿designation Engine￿designation Series￿introduction BMW￿116i N13B16U0 09/2011 BMW￿118i N13B16M0 09/2011 1.2.￿Technical￿data 1.2.1.￿BMW￿116i Unit N13B16U0 N45B16O2 N43B16O0 N43B20K0 Series Model￿designation 116i 116i 116i 116i Design Displacement [cm³] 1596...
  • Page 6 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Unit N13B16U0 N45B16O2 N43B16O0 N43B20K0 Fuel￿consumption [l/100 complying￿with￿EU ￿emissions [g/km] Digital￿Engine￿Electronics MSD81.2 MSD81.2 MEVD17.2.5 Exhaust￿emissions EURO￿5 EURO￿5 EURO￿5 EURO￿5 legislation Maximum￿speed [km/h] Acceleration￿0–100 km/h 10.9 10.2 Vehicle￿kerb￿weight￿DIN/ [kg] 1255/1330 1255/1330 1255/1330 1290/1365 *￿In￿all￿non-ACEA￿markets￿(Association￿des￿Constructeurs￿Européens￿d’Automobiles) **￿Only￿in￿ACEA￿markets ***￿From￿March￿2009￿in￿some￿ACEA￿markets...
  • Page 7 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Full￿load￿diagram￿N13/N45￿engine Full￿load￿diagram￿comparing￿N13B16U0￿engine￿with￿N45B16O2￿engine...
  • Page 8 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Full￿load￿diagram￿N13/N43￿engine Full￿load￿diagram￿comparing￿N13B16U0￿engine￿with￿N43B20K0￿engine 1.2.2.￿BMW￿118i Unit N46B20U2* N43B20O0** N13B16M0 Series Model￿designation 118i 118i 118i Design Displacement [cm³] 1995 1995 1598 Bore/stroke [mm] 84/90 84/90 77/85.8 Power￿output [kW￿(HP)] 100￿(136) 125￿(170) 125￿(170) at￿engine￿speed [rpm] 5750 6700 4800...
  • Page 9 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Unit N46B20U2* N43B20O0** N13B16M0 Power￿output￿per￿litre [kW/l] 50.1 62.66 78.2 Torque [Nm] at￿engine￿speed [rpm] 4300 4250 1500￿–￿4500 Compression￿ratio [ε] 10.5￿:￿1 12.0￿:￿1 10.5￿:￿1 Valves￿per￿cylinder Fuel￿consumption￿complying [l/100￿km] with￿EU ￿emissions [g/km] Digital￿Engine￿Electronics MEV17 MSD81.2 MEVD17.2.5 Exhaust￿emissions￿legislation EURO￿5 EURO￿5 EURO￿5 Maximum￿speed [km/h] Acceleration￿0–100 km/h Vehicle￿kerb￿weight￿DIN/EU...
  • Page 10 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Full￿load￿diagram￿N13/N46￿engine Full￿load￿diagram￿comparing￿N13B16M0￿engine￿with￿N46B20U2￿engine...
  • Page 11 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. Full￿load￿diagram￿N13/N43￿engine Full￿load￿diagram￿comparing￿N13B16M0￿engine￿with￿N43B20O0￿engine...
  • Page 12 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. 1.3.￿New￿features/changes 1.3.1.￿Overview System Comment Engine￿mechanics • Aluminium￿crankcase￿with￿cast-in￿grey￿cast￿iron￿liners • Open-deck￿design • Use￿of￿the￿TVDI￿process • 3rd￿generation￿Valvetronic • Built-up￿camshafts • Two-part￿crankcase￿ventilation • Forged￿crankshaft Oil￿supply • Map-controlled￿oil￿pump • External￿gear￿pump • Raw￿oil￿cooling￿(N13B16M0￿engine￿only) • Oil￿pressure￿sensor. Cooling • Cutting-in￿coolant￿pump • Established￿heat￿management. Air￿intake￿and￿exhaust • TwinScroll￿exhaust￿turbocharger emission￿systems •...
  • Page 13 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. In￿the￿technical￿documentation,￿the￿engine￿designation￿is￿used￿to￿ensure￿unambiguous￿identification of￿the￿engine. The￿technical￿documentation￿also￿contains￿the￿short￿form￿of￿the￿engine￿designation￿N13,￿which￿only indicates￿the￿engine￿type. Breakdown￿of￿N13￿engine￿designation Index Explanation BMW￿Group￿Development 4-cylinder￿in-line￿engine Engine￿with￿exhaust￿turbocharger,￿Valvetronic￿and￿direct￿fuel￿injection (TVDI) Petrol￿engine,￿longitudinally￿installed 1.6￿litres￿displacement Lower/middle￿performance￿class New￿development 1.4.2.￿Engine￿identification The￿engines￿have￿an￿identification￿mark￿on￿the￿crankcase￿to￿ensure￿unambiguous￿identification￿and classification.￿This￿engine￿identification￿is￿also￿necessary￿for￿approval￿by￿government￿authorities.￿The first￿six￿positions￿of￿the￿engine￿identification￿correspond￿to￿the￿engine￿designation. With￿the￿N55￿engine,￿this￿identification￿was￿subject￿to￿a￿further￿development,￿with￿the￿previous eight￿positions￿being￿reduced￿to￿seven.￿The￿engine￿number￿can￿be￿found￿on￿the￿engine￿below￿the engine￿identification.￿This￿consecutive￿number,￿in￿conjunction￿with￿the￿engine￿identification,￿permits unambiguous￿identification￿of￿each￿individual￿engine.
  • Page 14 N13￿Engine. 1.￿Introduction. N13￿engine,￿engine￿identification￿and￿engine￿number Index Explanation A4241912 Individual￿consecutive￿engine￿number BMW￿Group￿Development 4-cylinder￿in-line￿engine Engine￿with￿exhaust￿turbocharger,￿Valvetronic￿and￿direct￿fuel￿injection￿(TVDI) Petrol￿engine,￿longitudinally￿installed 1.6￿litres￿displacement Type￿test￿concerns,￿standard...
  • Page 15 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.1.￿Engine￿housing The￿engine￿housing￿comprises￿the￿engine￿block￿(crankcase￿and￿bedplate),￿the￿cylinder￿head,￿the cylinder￿head￿cover,￿the￿oil￿sump￿and￿the￿gaskets. N13￿engine,￿structure￿of￿engine￿housing Index Explanation Cylinder￿head￿cover Cylinder￿head￿cover￿gasket Cylinder￿head Cylinder￿head￿gasket...
  • Page 16 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Crankcase Sealant Bedplate Sealant Oil￿sump 2.1.1.￿Engine￿block The￿engine￿block￿is￿made￿from￿diecast￿aluminium￿AlSi9Cu3￿and￿comprises￿the￿crankcase￿and the￿bedplate.￿The￿same￿material￿has￿already￿been￿used￿in￿the￿established￿4-cylinder￿engines￿with aluminium￿crankcases. Oil￿ducts N13￿engine,￿oil￿ducts Index Explanation Clean￿oil￿duct Oil￿return￿ducts Blow-by￿ducts Clean￿oil￿duct Oil￿return￿(filter￿renewal) Raw￿oil￿duct The￿oil￿flowing￿back￿through￿the￿oil￿return￿ducts￿(2)￿is￿routed￿directly￿into￿the￿oil￿sump￿and￿therefore cannot￿come￿into￿contact￿with￿the￿crankshaft.￿The￿blow-by￿channels￿(3)￿already￿end￿before￿the crankshaft￿and￿facilitate￿a￿good￿gas￿exchange￿to￿the￿cylinder￿head￿cover.
  • Page 17 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Coolant￿ducts The￿engine￿block￿is￿an￿open-deck￿design.￿The￿coolant￿flows￿from￿the￿coolant￿pump￿to￿the￿right￿side of￿the￿engine￿block.￿The￿take-off￿from￿the￿cooling￿jacket￿to￿the￿oil-to-water￿heat￿exchanger￿is￿located on￿the￿fourth￿cylinder.￿The￿oil￿heated￿by￿the￿oil-to-water￿heat￿exchanger￿is￿routed￿via￿a￿duct￿from￿the crankcase￿into￿the￿cylinder￿head￿next￿to￿the￿coolant￿outlet. N13￿engine,￿cooling￿jacket￿and￿coolant￿ducts Index Explanation Cooling￿jacket 2￿+￿3 Coolant￿duct￿from￿coolant￿heat￿exchanger￿to￿cooling￿jacket￿in￿cylinder￿head Coolant￿duct￿from￿cooling￿jacket￿to￿coolant￿heat￿exchanger Compensation￿openings The￿crankcase￿features￿large￿longitudinal￿ventilation￿openings￿which￿are￿both￿cast￿in￿and￿milled. These￿ventilation￿openings￿improve￿the￿pressure￿compensation￿of￿the￿oscillating￿air￿columns￿created by￿the￿up-￿and￿down-strokes￿of￿the￿pistons.
  • Page 18 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿compensation￿openings￿in￿the￿bearing￿seat Index Explanation 1,￿2,￿3,￿6,￿8,￿9,￿10 Apertures 4,￿5,￿7 Ventilation￿holes Cylinder Cast-in￿dry￿cylinder￿liners￿are￿used￿in￿the￿N13￿engine.￿The￿grey￿cast￿iron￿liners￿terminate￿at￿the￿top￿at the￿cylinder￿head￿gasket￿level. 2.1.2.￿Cylinder￿head￿gasket A￿four-layer￿spring￿steel￿gasket￿is￿used￿for￿the￿cylinder￿head￿gasket.￿A￿stopper￿plate￿(2)￿is￿flanged in￿the￿area￿of￿the￿cylinder￿bores￿in￿order￿to￿achieve￿sufficient￿contact￿pressure￿for￿sealing.￿All￿the layers￿are￿coated,￿the￿contact￿surfaces￿with￿the￿cylinder￿head￿and￿the￿engine￿block￿having￿a￿partial fluorocaoutchouc￿coating￿with￿anti-stick￿coating.
  • Page 19 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿cylinder￿head￿gasket Index Explanation Top￿spring￿steel￿layer￿with￿anti-stick￿coating￿on￿both￿sides Spring￿steel￿layer,￿stopper￿plate Middle￿spring￿steel￿layer￿with￿coating￿on￿top￿side Bottom￿spring￿steel￿layer￿with￿anti-stick￿coating￿on￿both￿sides 2.1.3.￿Cylinder￿head The￿cylinder￿head￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿a￿derivation￿of￿the￿cylinder￿head￿of￿the￿N18￿engine￿in￿the￿MINI. 3rd￿generation￿Valvetronic￿is￿also￿used￿in￿the￿N13￿engine,￿as￿is￿already￿familiar￿from￿the￿N55￿engine and￿the￿N18￿engine. The￿combination￿of￿exhaust￿turbocharger,￿Valvetronic￿and￿direct￿fuel￿injection￿is￿known￿as Turbo-Valvtronic￿Direct￿Injection￿(TVDI).
  • Page 20 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿cylinder￿head Index Explanation VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿exhaust￿side VANOS,￿exhaust￿side VANOS,￿intake￿side VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿intake￿side Spring Gate Intermediate￿lever Partial￿ring￿gear,￿eccentric￿shaft Valvetronic￿servomotor High-pressure￿pump Minimum￿and￿maximum￿stop,￿eccentric￿shaft...
  • Page 21 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.1.4.￿Cylinder￿head￿cover Design All￿the￿components￿for￿crankcase￿ventilation￿and￿the￿blow-by￿ducts￿are￿integrated￿in￿the￿cylinder￿head cover.￿A￿pressure￿control￿valve￿prevents￿an￿excessive￿vacuum￿from￿being￿generated￿in￿the￿crankcase. Because￿the￿engine￿is￿turbocharged,￿crankcase￿ventilation￿takes￿two￿different￿forms.￿Thus,￿ventilation is￿performed￿via￿different￿ducts￿depending￿on￿whether￿the￿engine￿is￿running￿in￿turbocharged￿or￿normal mode. Pressure￿regulation￿is￿performed￿by￿the￿pressure￿control￿valve￿in￿both￿cases.￿The￿pressure￿control valve￿brings￿about￿a￿pressure￿reduction￿of￿approx.￿38￿mbar￿in￿the￿crankcase. N13￿engine,￿cylinder￿head￿cover￿with￿crankcase￿ventilation Index Explanation Duct￿to￿cylinder￿head￿into￿intake￿port,￿cylinder￿1 Cyclone￿flexible￿tongue￿separator Side￿opening￿in￿cyclone￿separator Flexible￿tongue Duct￿to￿cylinder￿head￿into￿intake￿ports,￿cylinders￿2￿and￿3...
  • Page 22 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Duct￿to￿cylinder￿head￿into￿intake￿port,￿cylinder￿4 Cylinder￿head￿cover Non-return￿valve￿in￿duct￿to￿intake￿ports Opening￿to￿cylinder￿head Oil￿return￿duct Pressure￿control￿bore￿in￿pressure￿control￿valve Non-return￿valve￿in￿duct￿to￿charge-air￿suction￿line The￿blow-by￿gases￿go￿via￿the￿central￿opening￿between￿cylinder￿two￿and￿three￿and￿a￿channel￿to￿the cyclone￿flexible￿tongue￿separator.￿The￿oil￿stuck￿to￿the￿blow-by￿gas￿is￿intercepted￿by￿the￿cyclone flexible￿tongue￿and￿flows￿back￿downwards￿along￿the￿walls￿via￿a￿non-return￿valve￿in￿the￿cylinder￿head. The￿blow-by￿gas￿cleaned￿by￿the￿oil￿now￿gets￿to￿the￿air￿intake￿system￿via￿the￿pressure￿control￿valve, depending￿on￿the￿operating￿condition. Function The￿standard￿function￿can￿only￿be￿utilised￿while￿the￿non-return￿valve￿in￿the￿intake￿plenum￿is￿opened￿by vacuum￿pressure,￿i.e.￿in￿naturally￿aspirated￿mode. In￿naturally￿aspirated￿mode,￿the￿non-return￿valve￿in￿the￿blow-by￿duct￿of￿the￿cylinder￿head￿cover￿is opened￿by￿the￿vacuum￿pressure￿in￿the￿intake￿plenum￿and￿the￿blow-by￿gases￿are￿drawn￿off￿via￿the pressure￿control￿valve.￿The￿vacuum￿pressure￿simultaneously￿closes￿the￿second￿non-return￿valve￿in￿the duct￿to￿charge-air￿suction￿line. The￿blow-by￿gases￿are￿routed￿via￿the￿rail￿integrated￿in￿the￿cylinder￿head￿cover￿directly￿into￿the￿cylinder head￿intake￿ports. A￿purge￿air￿line,￿which￿is￿connected￿to￿the￿clean￿air￿pipe￿ahead￿of￿the￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿and￿to the￿crankcase,￿routes￿fresh￿air￿via￿a￿non-return￿valve￿and￿the￿oil￿dipstick￿into￿the￿crank￿chamber.￿The greater￿the￿vacuum￿in￿the￿crank￿chamber,￿the￿higher￿the￿air￿mass￿introduced￿into￿the￿crankcase.￿This purging￿reduces￿the￿entry￿of￿fuel￿and￿water,￿which￿in￿turn￿improves￿the￿oil￿quality.
  • Page 23 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿purge￿air￿line Index Explanation Oil￿dipstick￿guide￿tube Oil￿dipstick Non-return￿valve Purge￿air￿line Clean￿air￿pipe...
  • Page 24 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿crankcase￿ventilation,￿naturally￿aspirated￿mode Index Explanation Ambient￿pressure Vacuum Exhaust￿gas Blow-by￿gas Air￿filter Intake￿plenum...
  • Page 25 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Cyclone￿flexible￿tongue￿separator Duct￿in￿cylinder￿head￿and￿cylinder￿head￿cover Blow-by￿duct Purge￿air￿line Non-return￿valve Crank￿chamber Oil￿sump Oil￿return￿duct Exhaust￿turbocharger Non-return￿valve,￿oil￿return Charge-air￿suction￿line Duct￿to￿charge-air￿suction￿line Non-return￿valve￿with￿restrictor Throttle￿valve Pressure￿control￿valve Non-return￿valve￿with￿restrictor Once￿the￿pressure￿in￿the￿intake￿plenum￿rises,￿it￿is￿no￿longer￿possible￿for￿the￿blow-by￿gases￿to be￿introduced￿via￿this￿route.￿This￿would￿otherwise￿create￿the￿risk￿of￿the￿charging￿pressure￿being introduced￿into￿the￿crankcase.￿A￿non-return￿valve￿in￿the￿blow-by￿duct￿of￿the￿cylinder￿head￿cover￿closes the￿duct￿to￿the￿intake￿plenum￿and￿thereby￿protects￿the￿crankcase￿against￿excess￿pressure. The￿now￿greater￿fresh-air￿demand￿generates￿a￿vacuum￿in￿the￿clean￿air￿pipe￿between￿the￿exhaust turbocharger￿and￿the￿intake￿silencer.￿This￿vacuum￿is￿sufficient￿to￿open￿the￿non-return￿valve￿and￿via￿the connection￿on￿the￿cylinder￿head￿cover￿to￿draw￿off￿the￿blow-by￿gases￿via￿the￿pressure￿control￿valve.
  • Page 26 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿crankcase￿ventilation,￿turbocharged￿mode Index Explanation Charging￿pressure Vacuum Exhaust￿gas Blow-by￿gas Air￿filter Intake￿plenum...
  • Page 27 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Cyclone￿flexible￿tongue￿separator Duct￿in￿cylinder￿head￿and￿cylinder￿head￿cover Blow-by￿duct Purge￿air￿line Non-return￿valve Crank￿chamber Oil￿sump Oil￿return￿duct Exhaust￿turbocharger Non-return￿valve,￿oil￿return Charge-air￿suction￿line Duct￿to￿charge-air￿suction￿line Non-return￿valve￿with￿restrictor Throttle￿valve Pressure￿control￿valve Non-return￿valve￿with￿restrictor 2.1.5.￿Oil￿sump The￿oil￿sump￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿made￿from￿single-layer￿sheet￿steel.￿The￿oil￿sump￿is￿sealed￿in production￿with￿a￿sealing￿compound￿in￿relation￿to￿the￿bedplate.￿In￿other￿BMW￿models￿the￿oil￿sump￿can be￿made￿from￿other￿materials;￿this￿is￿always￿dependent￿on￿the￿application.￿These￿different￿materials will￿not￿be￿discussed￿further￿here. A￿rubber-metal￿gasket￿is￿used￿in￿service￿applications.￿The￿repair￿instructions￿must￿be￿followed.￿The adhesive￿sealing￿bead￿on￿the￿oil￿sump￿must￿not￿be￿removed￿...
  • Page 28 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿from￿below￿without￿oil￿sump Index Explanation Oil￿deflector Oil￿return￿duct Intake￿snorkel Oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Cable￿duct,￿crankcase Oil￿pump Cover,￿oil￿pump￿sprocket...
  • Page 29 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.2.￿Crankshaft￿drive 2.2.1.￿Crankshaft￿with￿bearings Crankshaft The￿crankshaft￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿has￿a￿stroke￿of￿85.8 mm￿and￿is￿made￿of￿the￿material￿38MSV5.￿It￿is￿a forged￿crankshaft￿with￿four￿large￿and￿four￿small￿balance￿weights. N13￿engine,￿crankshaft Crankshaft￿bearings The￿crankshaft￿is￿supported￿by￿five￿bearings.￿The￿thrust￿bearing￿is￿located￿in￿the￿middle￿at￿the￿third bearing￿position.￿The￿thrust￿bearing￿is￿only￿designed￿for￿180°￿and￿is￿located￿in￿the￿bearing￿seat.￿The bearing￿in￿the￿bearing￿cap￿does￿not￿assume￿any￿axial￿guidance.￿Lead-free￿two-material￿bearings￿are used.￿Steel￿is￿used￿as￿the￿carrier￿layer.￿The￿aluminium￿liner￿is￿applied￿to￿the￿carrier￿layer;￿this￿liner￿is approx.￿150 μm￿thick. N13￿engine,￿crankshaft￿bearings...
  • Page 30 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Upper￿bearing￿shell￿with￿groove￿and￿oil￿hole Thrust￿bearing,￿bottom Thrust￿washer￿for￿thrust￿bearing The￿identifications￿for￿the￿bearings￿are￿engraved￿into￿the￿crankcase￿and￿into￿the￿crankshaft.￿Refer￿to the￿repair￿instructions￿if￿the￿crankshaft￿is￿to￿be￿fitted￿with￿new￿bearings. Note:￿The￿designation￿of￿the￿bearing￿positions￿in￿the￿repair￿instructions￿may￿differ￿from￿the￿standard (bearing￿position￿1￿is￿always￿seated￿opposite￿the￿output￿end)￿ This￿product￿information￿bulletin￿is￿based￿on￿the￿standard￿for￿the￿purpose￿of￿bearing￿designation. N13￿engine,￿bearing￿identification,￿crankshaft Index Explanation Bearing￿5￿(clutch￿end) Bearing￿4 Bearing￿3 Bearing￿2 Bearing￿1...
  • Page 31 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿bearing￿identification,￿crankcase Index Explanation Bearing￿5￿(clutch￿end) Bearing￿4 Bearing￿3 Bearing￿2 Bearing￿1 The￿bearing￿opposite￿the￿flywheel￿is￿classified￿differently,￿as￿the￿bearing￿position￿of￿the￿crankshaft is￿expanded￿when￿the￿central￿bolt￿is￿tightened.￿The￿installation￿clearance￿at￿this￿bearing￿position￿is therefore￿altered￿by￿the￿tightening￿of￿the￿central￿bolt￿and￿then￿has￿the￿designated￿clearance. Bearing￿classification￿on￿the￿N13￿engine￿differs￿from￿that￿for￿the￿established￿BMW￿engines.￿Thus, the￿relevant￿bearing￿colours￿are￿determined￿from￿tables￿in￿the￿repair￿instructions￿on￿the￿basis￿of￿the identification￿on￿the￿crankshaft￿and￿the￿engine￿block.￿A￿feature￿of￿note￿is￿that￿bearing￿1￿is￿determined from￿a￿different￿table.￿This￿process￿requires￿a￿specific￿procedure￿and￿appropriate￿care.
  • Page 32 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.2.2.￿Connecting￿rod￿with￿bearing Connecting￿rod The￿connecting￿rod￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿has￿an￿inside￿diameter￿of￿138.54.￿A￿feature￿of￿note￿is￿the grooves￿machined￿into￿the￿small￿connecting￿rod￿eye￿which￿serve￿to￿optimise￿the￿oil￿supply.￿This connecting￿rod￿design￿has￿already￿been￿used￿in￿the￿N18￿engine. N13￿engine,￿connecting￿rod Bearings The￿connecting￿rod￿bearing￿shells￿are￿lead-free￿in￿design.￿There￿is￿only￿one￿bearing￿shell￿which￿is used￿at￿the￿rod￿end￿and￿the￿cap￿end. The￿bearing￿shells￿are￿common￿parts￿of￿the￿N18￿and￿N16￿engines.
  • Page 33 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.2.3.￿Piston￿with￿piston￿rings A￿full￿slipper￿skirt￿piston￿manufactured￿by￿the￿company￿Mahle￿is￿used.￿The￿piston￿diameter￿is￿77 mm. The￿first￿piston￿ring￿is￿a￿steel-nitrided￿plain￿compression￿ring.￿The￿second￿piston￿ring￿is￿a￿stepped compression￿ring.￿The￿oil￿scraper￿ring￿is￿a￿steel￿band￿ring￿with￿spring,￿which￿is￿also￿known￿as￿a￿U-Flex ring. The￿gudgeon￿pin￿axis￿is￿positively￿offset￿to￿the￿major￿thrust￿face￿by￿0.8 mm. The￿piston￿is￿designed￿for￿all￿BMW￿models￿with￿a￿compression￿ratio￿of￿10.5￿:￿1. The￿installation￿position￿of￿the￿piston￿can￿be￿easily￿identified￿by￿means￿of￿the￿asymmetrical￿layout￿of the￿piston￿recess.￿An￿installation￿position￿arrow￿is￿featured￿on￿the￿piston.￿This￿arrow￿always￿points on￿installation￿in￿the￿engine￿longitudinal￿direction￿forwards￿to￿the￿belt￿drive.￿It￿is￿necessary￿to￿install the￿piston￿in￿the￿correct￿position,￿since￿otherwise￿valve￿damage￿or￿slipper￿wall￿breakage￿may￿quickly ensue.￿The￿result￿would￿be￿total￿loss. N13￿engine,￿piston...
  • Page 34 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿piston￿rings Index Explanation Plain￿compression￿ring Stepped￿compression￿ring U-Flex￿ring Piston 2.3.￿Camshaft￿drive The￿camshaft￿drive￿has￿an￿established￿design.￿The￿oil￿pump￿is￿driven￿via￿the￿secondary￿chain.
  • Page 35 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿camshaft￿drive Index Explanation Chain￿guide￿rail VANOS￿exhaust￿camshaft Chain￿guide￿rail Crankshaft￿sprocket Secondary￿chain Oil￿pump￿sprocket Primary￿chain Tensioning￿rail Chain￿tensioner VANOS￿intake￿camshaft...
  • Page 36 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. 2.4.￿Valve￿gear 2.4.1.￿Design N13￿engine,￿valve￿gear Index Explanation VANOS,￿exhaust￿side Exhaust￿camshaft VANOS,￿intake￿side Intake￿camshaft Roller￿cam￿follower Intermediate￿lever Gate Torsion￿spring Eccentric￿shaft Valvetronic￿servomotor...
  • Page 37 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Valve￿spring Intake￿valve Hydraulic￿valve￿clearance￿compensating￿element Exhaust￿valve Valve￿spring Hydraulic￿valve￿clearance￿compensating￿element Roller￿cam￿follower The￿roller￿cam￿followers￿on￿the￿intake￿side￿are￿made￿from￿sheet￿metal￿and￿subdivided￿into￿five classes,￿Class￿“1”￿to￿Class￿“5”.￿The￿intermediate￿levers￿are￿now￿likewise￿made￿from￿sheet￿metal￿and subdivided￿into￿six￿classes,￿Class￿“00”￿to￿Class￿“05”. Camshafts The￿N13￿engine￿is￿fitted￿with￿the￿built-up￿camshafts￿familiar￿from￿the￿MINI￿N12/N14￿and￿N16/N18 engines.￿The￿camshafts￿are￿manufactured￿in￿the￿so-called￿Presta￿process. N13￿engine,￿built-up￿camshafts...
  • Page 38 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Index Explanation Flange￿for￿VANOS￿unit,￿intake Pipe Square Camshaft￿sensor￿wheel￿with￿toothing￿for￿high-pressure￿pump￿drive Flange￿for￿VANOS￿unit,￿exhaust Pipe Square Camshaft￿sensor￿wheel￿with￿toothing￿for￿vacuum￿pump￿drive Timing N13￿engine,￿timing￿diagram N43B20O0 N55B30M0 N13B16M0 Intake￿valve￿dia./stem￿dia. [mm] 31.4/6 32/5 29.7/5 Exhaust￿valve￿dia./stem￿dia. [mm] 28/6 28/6 26.2/5 Maximum￿valve￿lift,￿intake/exhaust [mm] 9.9/9.7 9.9/9.7 9.0/9.0 valve VANOS￿adjustment￿range,￿intake [crankshaft degrees] VANOS￿adjustment￿range,￿exhaust [crankshaft degrees]...
  • Page 39 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. Spread,￿intake￿camshaft [crankshaft 125￿–￿80 120￿–￿50 120￿–￿50 degrees] Spread,￿exhaust￿camshaft [crankshaft 125￿–￿80 115￿–￿60 122￿–￿62 degrees] Opening￿period,￿intake￿camshaft [crankshaft degrees] Opening￿period,￿exhaust￿camshaft [crankshaft degrees] Intake￿valves The￿intake￿valves￿are￿carry-over￿parts￿from￿the￿MINI￿N18￿engine￿and￿are￿of￿identical￿construction.￿The intake￿valves￿have￿a￿stem￿diameter￿of￿5 mm￿and￿are￿made￿from￿solid￿material.￿The￿intake￿valve￿seat￿is induction-hardened. Exhaust￿valves The￿exhaust￿valves￿are￿carry-over￿parts￿from￿the￿MINI￿N14/N18￿engine￿and￿are￿of￿identical construction.￿The￿have￿a￿stem￿diameter￿of￿5 mm,￿are￿hollow-drilled￿and￿filled￿with￿sodium.￿The exhaust￿valve￿seat￿is￿armoured￿(harder￿material). Valve￿springs The￿springs￿for￿the￿intake￿and￿exhaust￿valves￿are￿identical￿and￿have￿already￿been￿used￿in￿the￿MINI N14/N18￿engine. 2.4.2.￿Valvetronic The￿Valvetronic￿comprises￿fully￿variable￿valve￿lift￿control￿and￿variable￿camshaft￿control￿(double VANOS),￿which￿makes￿the￿closing￿time￿of￿the￿intake￿valves￿freely￿selectable. Valve￿lift￿control￿is￿performed￿on￿the￿intake￿side,￿while￿camshaft￿control￿is￿performed￿on￿both￿the intake￿and￿exhaust￿sides. Throttle-free￿load￿control￿is￿only￿possible￿if: • the￿lift￿of￿the￿intake￿valve •...
  • Page 40 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿VANOS￿solenoid￿valve￿and￿non-return￿valve Index Explanation VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿intake￿side Non-return￿valve...
  • Page 41 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿VANOS￿solenoid￿valve￿and￿non-return￿valve Index Explanation VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿exhaust￿side Non-return￿valve Valve￿lift￿control As￿can￿been￿seen￿from￿the￿following￿graphic,￿valve￿lift￿control￿with￿the￿Valvetronic￿servomotor￿is identical￿in￿terms￿of￿design￿to￿that￿of￿the￿MINI￿N18￿engine.￿The￿eccentric￿shaft￿sensor￿is￿integrated￿in the￿Valvetronic￿servomotor. The￿system￿used￿is￿Valvetronic￿III,￿which￿already￿features￿in￿the￿MINI￿N18￿and￿the￿BMW￿N20￿and￿BMW N55￿engines.
  • Page 42 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿cylinder￿head Index Explanation VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿exhaust￿side VANOS,￿exhaust￿side VANOS,￿intake￿side VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿intake￿side Spring Gate Intermediate￿lever Partial￿ring￿gear,￿eccentric￿shaft Valvetronic￿servomotor High-pressure￿pump Minimum￿and￿maximum￿stop,￿eccentric￿shaft 2.5.￿Belt￿drive The￿belt￿drive￿consists￿of￿a￿main￿belt￿drive￿with￿alternator￿and￿A/C￿compressor￿and￿a￿friction￿gear auxiliary￿belt￿drive￿with￿the￿coolant￿pump.￿The￿main￿belt￿drive￿is￿equipped￿with￿a￿belt￿tensioner;￿the friction￿gear￿auxiliary￿belt￿drive,￿on￿account￿of￿its￿design,￿does￿not￿require￿a￿belt￿tensioner.
  • Page 43 N13￿Engine. 2.￿Engine￿Mechanics. N13￿engine,￿belt￿drive Index Explanation Belt￿pulley,￿crankshaft Belt Belt￿tensioner Belt￿pulley,￿alternator Belt￿pulley,￿A/C￿compressor Friction￿gear￿drive Coolant￿pump The￿coolant￿pump￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿driven￿by￿a￿friction￿gear.￿When￿the￿friction￿gear￿servodrive￿is at￿zero￿current,￿the￿friction￿gear￿is￿pressed￿by￿a￿spring￿in￿the￿direction￿of￿the￿crankshaft￿belt￿pulley and￿the￿coolant￿pump.￿For￿drive￿purposes￿the￿coolant￿pump￿has￿a￿friction￿gear￿which￿looks￿like￿a￿belt pulley￿with￿an￿attached￿belt. The￿back￿of￿the￿belt￿on￿the￿crankshaft￿belt￿pulley￿drives￿the￿friction￿gear.￿The￿friction￿gear￿in￿turn￿drives the￿coolant￿pump.￿This￿design￿means￿that￿there￿is￿no￿need￿for￿a￿second￿belt￿drive.￿The￿space￿can￿be better￿utilised￿and￿therefore￿kept￿short￿and￿compact.￿Because￿of￿the￿lower￿lateral￿forces￿acting￿on￿the coolant￿pump￿shaft,￿the￿housing￿of￿the￿coolant￿pump￿can￿be￿made￿entirely￿from￿plastic.￿The￿design￿of the￿plastic￿housing￿has￿a￿positive￿effect￿on￿the￿flow￿performance￿and￿the￿delivery￿rate￿of￿the￿coolant pump.
  • Page 44 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. The￿oil￿supply￿in￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿similar￿to￿that￿in￿the￿N55￿engine.￿However,￿very￿different components￿are￿used￿to￿implement￿the￿oil￿supply.￿One￿of￿the￿biggest￿differences￿is￿the￿oil￿pump.￿A map-controlled￿gear-type￿oil￿pump￿is￿used￿in￿the￿N13￿engine. The￿special￿features￿of￿the￿oil￿supply￿in￿the￿N13￿engine￿are: • Map-controlled￿gear-type￿oil￿pump • Raw￿oil￿cooling￿(in￿the￿N13B16M0￿engine￿only) • Oil￿pressure￿sensor￿(familiar￿from￿the￿N52TU￿engine). 3.1.￿Overview The￿following￿graphics￿provide￿an￿overview￿of￿the￿oil￿supply￿and￿show￿the￿hydraulic￿circuit￿diagram and￿the￿design￿of￿the￿oil￿pump.
  • Page 45 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. 3.1.1.￿Hydraulic￿circuit￿diagram N13￿engine,￿hydraulic￿circuit￿diagram...
  • Page 46 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Oil￿pump￿with￿oil￿sump Crankcase Cylinder￿head Oil￿filter￿module VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿exhaust￿camshaft VANOS￿solenoid￿valve,￿intake￿camshaft Strainer Oil￿pump Pressure-limiting￿valve￿(cold￿start￿valve) Non-return￿valve Discharge￿valve Permanent￿bypass Engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Oil￿filter Filter￿bypass￿valve Oil￿pressure￿sensor Oil￿spray￿nozzles￿for￿piston￿crown￿cooling Lubrication￿points,￿crankshaft￿and￿connecting￿rods Lubrication￿point,￿exhaust￿turbocharger Oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Non-return￿valve Filter VANOS￿solenoid￿valve VANOS￿unit,￿intake￿camshaft VANOS￿unit,￿exhaust￿camshaft Hydraulic￿valve￿clearance￿compensation￿(HVCC),￿exhaust￿side Lubrication￿points,￿bearings,￿exhaust￿camshaft Lubrication￿point,￿vacuum￿pump Lubrication￿point,￿high-pressure￿pump Lubrication￿point,￿bearing,￿intake￿camshaft Hydraulic￿valve￿clearance￿compensation￿(HVCC),￿intake￿side Chain￿tensioner,￿timing￿chain Many￿of￿the￿components￿such￿as￿the￿intermediate￿levers,￿roller￿cam￿followers,￿eccentric￿shaft￿and the￿Valvetronic￿servomotor￿are￿lubricated￿by￿oil￿spray￿in￿the￿cylinder￿head￿coming￿from￿the￿camshaft bearings.￿There￿are￿therefore￿no￿oil￿spray￿lines￿in￿the￿cylinder￿head.
  • Page 47 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. 3.2.￿Oil￿pump￿and￿pressure￿control Control￿of￿the￿delivery￿rate￿of￿all￿the￿pumps,￿also￿those￿in￿the￿oil￿supply,￿plays￿a￿crucial￿role￿above￿all with￿the￿BMW￿EfficientDynamics￿strategy.￿Essentially,￿engineers￿attempt￿to￿dimension￿a￿pump￿with regard￿to￿its￿power￿input￿as￿small￿as￿possible￿in￿order￿to￿keep￿engine￿losses￿as￿low￿as￿possible.￿On the￿other￿hand,￿however,￿the￿pump￿must￿also￿be￿designed￿in￿such￿a￿way￿as￿to￿deliver￿the￿relevant medium￿at￿sufficient￿volume￿and￿pressure￿under￿all￿conceivable￿circumstances.￿A￿conventional,￿non- variable￿pump￿would￿therefore￿have￿to￿be￿designed￿in￿accordance￿with￿the￿second￿standpoint,￿i.e. large￿enough￿to￿be￿able￿to￿deliver￿sufficient￿amounts￿of￿the￿medium￿at￿all￿times.￿However,￿this￿means that￿the￿pump￿may￿deliver￿far￿too￿much￿medium￿over￿a￿large￿proportion￿of￿its￿service￿life￿and￿thereby draw￿more￿energy￿than￿necessary￿from￿the￿powertrain.￿For￿this￿reason,￿more￿and￿more￿pumps￿are now￿variable￿in￿design￿and￿their￿control￿is￿becoming￿increasingly￿more￿fine-tuned.￿In￿the￿case￿of￿the oil￿supply,￿the￿conventional￿oil￿pump￿was￿followed￿by￿volumetric￿flow￿control,￿which￿was￿subsequently extended￿to￿include￿map￿control. The￿oil￿pump￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿derived￿from￿the￿gear-type￿oil￿pump.￿This￿volume-flow-controlled oil￿pump￿was￿used￿for￿the￿first￿time￿in￿the￿N12￿and￿N14￿engines￿of￿the￿MINI.￿It￿was￿expanded￿into￿the map-controlled￿oil￿pump￿in￿the￿N16￿and￿N18￿engines￿of￿the￿MINI.￿The￿N13￿engine￿adopts￿this￿concept of￿the￿map-controlled￿oil￿pump,￿but￿is￿a￿new￿development￿adapted￿to￿the￿complete￿system. 3.2.1.￿Oil￿pump The￿oil￿pump￿is￿driven￿via￿a￿chain￿by￿the￿crankshaft.￿The￿gear￿ratio￿of￿the￿oil￿pump￿to￿the￿crankshaft is￿dependent￿on￿the￿number￿of￿teeth￿on￿the￿respective￿sprockets.￿The￿crankshaft￿has￿a￿gear￿with￿20 teeth￿for￿driving￿the￿secondary￿chain,￿the￿sprocket￿on￿the￿oil￿pump￿shaft￿has￿18￿teeth.￿The￿gear￿ratio￿is therefore￿20￿:￿18,￿i.e.￿1.11￿:￿1.￿The￿oil￿pump￿therefore￿rotates￿1.11￿times￿with￿each￿crankshaft￿rotation. From￿the￿intake￿snorkel￿(8)￿the￿oil￿is￿routed￿via￿the￿gears￿(3￿+￿4)￿from￿the￿oil￿pump￿into￿the￿raw￿oil￿duct (5)￿in￿the￿engine￿block￿and￿to￿the￿oil￿filter. The￿non-driven￿oil￿pump￿gear￿(4)￿can￿be￿axially￿shifted￿in￿this￿pump,￿thereby￿varying￿the￿delivery￿rate. Axial￿shifting￿is￿effected￿by￿the￿oil￿pressure￿from￿the￿clean￿oil￿duct￿from￿the￿main￿oil￿duct,￿which￿can￿be varied￿by￿means￿of￿an￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve.￿The￿operating￿principle￿of￿the￿oil￿pump￿ensures￿that the￿required￿oil￿quantity￿in￿each￿case￿and￿the￿oil￿pressure￿are￿supplied.
  • Page 48 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. N13￿engine,￿oil￿pump Index Explanation Sprocket Control￿plunger Gear,￿oil￿pump Gear,￿oil￿pump Raw￿oil￿duct Compression￿spring...
  • Page 49 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Raw￿oil￿duct￿to￿bedplate Intake￿snorkel Oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Steel￿ball Compression￿spring Opening Maximum￿delivery N13￿engine,￿oil￿pump￿maximum￿delivery...
  • Page 50 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Gear,￿oil￿pump Clean￿oil￿duct,￿coming￿from￿main￿oil￿duct Clean￿oil￿duct Pressure-limiting￿valve Oil￿duct￿to￿rear￿end￿of￿control￿plunger Oil￿duct￿to￿front￿end￿of￿control￿plunger The￿oil￿pump￿is￿held￿in￿its￿basic￿setting￿by￿the￿compression￿spring￿in￿the￿maximum￿delivery￿position. This￿position￿can￿also￿be￿approached￿via￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿from￿the￿minimum￿delivery active￿position.￿For￿this￿purpose￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿is￿switched￿in￿such￿a￿way￿that￿the￿oil￿can flow￿off￿via￿the￿oil￿duct￿to￿the￿front￿end￿of￿the￿control￿plunger￿(6)￿through￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve into￿the￿oil￿sump.￿With￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿in￿this￿position,￿the￿oil￿pressure￿is￿simultaneously routed￿from￿the￿clean￿oil￿ducts￿(2￿+￿3)￿via￿the￿pressure￿control￿valve￿and￿via￿the￿oil￿duct￿to￿the￿rear￿end of￿the￿control￿plunger￿(5).￿This￿oil￿pressure￿now￿supports￿the￿spring￿and￿forces￿the￿control￿plunger￿into the￿maximum￿delivery￿position. Minimum￿delivery If￿the￿oil￿pressure￿is￿routed￿via￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿from￿the￿clean￿oil￿ducts￿(2￿+￿3)￿to￿the￿oil duct￿to￿the￿front￿end￿of￿the￿control￿plunger￿(6),￿the￿oil￿forces￿the￿control￿plunger￿against￿the￿spring and￿moves￿it￿in￿the￿minimum￿delivery￿direction.￿The￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿simultaneously￿opens￿a connection￿from￿the￿rear￿end￿of￿the￿control￿plunger￿to￿drain￿the￿oil￿into￿the￿oil￿sump. N13￿engine,￿oil￿pump￿minimum￿delivery...
  • Page 51 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. 3.2.2.￿Pressure￿control Map￿control The￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿enables￿the￿oil￿pressure￿to￿be￿controlled￿to￿suit￿the￿situation.￿The￿oil delivery￿quantity￿can￿be￿influenced￿accordingly￿by￿the￿Digital￿Engine￿Electronics￿(DME)￿through actuation￿of￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve. The￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿is￿located￿on￿the￿oil￿pump￿on￿the￿left￿side￿of￿the￿engine￿and￿engages￿the oil￿ducts￿in￿the￿oil￿pump￿to￿increase￿or￿reduce￿the￿oil￿delivery￿quantity. An￿oil￿pressure￿sensor,￿familiar￿from￿the￿N52TU￿engine,￿senses￿this￿and￿transmits￿the￿data￿to￿the DME.￿The￿DME￿can￿thus￿set￿any￿oil￿delivery￿quantity￿with￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve,￿sense￿with￿the oil￿pressure￿sensor,￿and￿adjust￿in￿accordance￿with￿the￿characteristic￿map￿stored￿in￿the￿DME. The￿delivery￿quantity￿is￿dependent￿on￿the￿engine￿speed￿and￿the￿position￿of￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control valve. Operating￿state Oil￿pressure Engine￿at￿operating￿temperature￿and￿idle min.￿0.7￿bar Engine￿at￿operating￿temperature,￿control￿pressure￿at￿3000 rpm 1.15￿–￿6.45 bar Explanation Delivery￿quantity Engine￿at￿idle￿at￿700 rpm,￿110°C approx.￿6￿–￿11￿l/min Engine￿at￿maximum￿speed￿6500 rpm,￿110 °C approx.￿23￿–￿33 l/min Explanation Data Supply￿voltage 12￿V Activation￿signal 200￿–￿256 Hz Resistance 10.5 Ω￿±￿10 % N13￿engine,￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve The￿control￿plunger￿in￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿is￿shaped￿in￿such￿a￿way￿as￿to￿integrate￿an￿limp- home-mode￿function.￿If￿the￿cable￿is￿damaged￿or￿cut￿through,￿oil￿pressure￿control￿continues￿to￿function subject￿to￿limitations.￿The￿execution￿of￿this￿function￿is￿shown￿in￿the￿following￿graphics.￿The￿arrows represent￿the￿direction￿of￿the￿oil￿flow.
  • Page 52 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. The￿control￿plunger￿in￿the￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve￿has￿a￿larger￿diameter￿at￿the￿spring￿end￿than￿at￿the solenoid￿valve￿end.￿As￿the￿oil￿pressure￿increases,￿so￿too￿the￿force￿acting￿against￿the￿spring￿increases to￿force￿the￿control￿plunger￿in￿the￿valve￿against￿the￿spring.￿The￿oil￿duct￿from￿the￿clean￿oil￿duct￿to the￿front￿end￿of￿the￿oil￿pump￿control￿plunger￿is￿opened￿to￿allow￿the￿oil￿to￿move￿the￿oil￿pump￿control plunger￿in￿the￿minimum￿delivery￿direction.￿At￿the￿same￿time￿the￿control￿plunger￿in￿the￿oil￿pressure control￿valve￿opens￿the￿oil￿duct￿from￿the￿rear￿end￿of￿the￿control￿plunger￿to￿the￿oil￿sump.￿The￿oil￿at￿the rear￿end￿of￿the￿control￿plunger￿can￿now￿flow￿back￿to￿the￿oil￿sump. N13￿engine,￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Index Explanation Reduce￿delivery￿quantity Hold￿delivery￿quantity Increase￿delivery￿quantity Oil￿duct￿to￿rear￿end￿of￿control￿plunger￿in￿oil￿pump...
  • Page 53 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Clean￿oil￿duct Oil￿duct￿to￿front￿end￿of￿control￿plunger￿in￿oil￿pump Control￿plunger,￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Housing,￿oil￿pressure￿control￿valve 3.2.3.￿Pressure-limiting￿valve Additionally￿available￿to￿control￿the￿oil￿pump￿is￿a￿pressure-limiting￿valve,￿which￿is￿often￿also￿known￿as￿a cold-start￿valve. The￿pressure-limiting￿valve￿is￿located￿as￿the￿first￿component￿after￿the￿pump￿in￿the￿oil￿pump￿housing and￿in￿the￿oil￿circuit.￿It￿opens￿at￿a￿pressure￿of￿roughly￿10￿to￿13 bar￿and￿discharges￿the￿oil￿directly￿into the￿oil￿sump.￿This￿is￿necessary￿above￿all￿at￿low￿temperatures￿and￿when￿the￿oil￿is￿viscous.￿In￿these situations￿the￿pressure-limiting￿valve￿prevents￿damage￿to￿components,￿in￿particular￿to￿the￿oil￿filter module￿and￿its￿seals.￿This￿is￿relevant￿above￿all￿at￿temperatures￿of￿below￿-20 °C,￿since￿map￿control￿is already￿active￿above￿this￿temperature. The￿pressure￿in￿the￿raw￿oil￿duct￿(5)￿forces￿the￿steel￿ball￿(10)￿against￿the￿spring￿(11).￿If￿the￿pressure rises￿above￿10￿to￿13￿bar,￿the￿steel￿ball￿is￿lifted￿off￿its￿seat￿and￿the￿oil￿can￿flows￿through￿the￿opening (12)￿directly￿into￿the￿oil￿sump.
  • Page 54 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. N13￿engine,￿oil￿pump Index Explanation Sprocket Control￿plunger Gear,￿oil￿pump Gear,￿oil￿pump Raw￿oil￿duct Compression￿spring...
  • Page 55 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Raw￿oil￿duct￿to￿bedplate Intake￿snorkel Oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Steel￿ball Compression￿spring Opening 3.3.￿Cooling￿and￿filtering The￿N13￿engine￿has￿an￿aluminium￿oil￿filter￿housing,￿to￿which￿the￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger is￿directly￿mounted.￿This￿entire￿unit￿is￿known￿as￿the￿oil￿filter￿module. N13￿engine,￿oil￿filter￿module...
  • Page 56 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. Index Explanation Oil￿filter￿cover￿with￿oil￿filter￿bypass￿valve Oil￿filter￿housing Engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Coolant￿supply￿to￿oil￿filter￿module Oil￿return￿from￿exhaust￿turbocharger Coolant￿discharge￿from￿oil￿filter￿module Oil￿return￿(filter￿renewal) Clean￿oil￿duct Raw￿oil￿duct￿from￿oil￿pump 3.3.1.￿Cooling In￿the￿N13B16M0￿engine￿the￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger￿is￿located￿in￿the￿oil￿circuit￿ahead￿of the￿oil￿filter.￿This￿arrangement￿is￿known￿as￿raw￿oil￿cooling￿and￿has￿its￿roots￿in￿the￿lead-free￿crankshaft and￿connecting￿rod￿bearings.￿Because￿these￿are￿extremely￿sensitive￿to￿dirt￿particles,￿this￿arrangement brings￿the￿oil￿filter￿even￿closer￿to￿just￿before￿the￿bearing￿positions.￿There￿is￿no￿engine￿oil-to-coolant heat￿exchanger￿in￿the￿N13B16U0￿engine. Permanent￿bypass The￿N13￿engine￿does￿not￿have￿a￿heat￿exchanger￿bypass￿valve.￿Instead,￿like￿the￿N55￿engine,￿it￿has￿a so-called￿permanent￿bypass.￿This￿is￿a￿permanently￿open￿bypass￿around￿the￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat exchanger.￿The￿bypass￿incorporates￿a￿flow￿restrictor￿to￿ensure￿that￿the￿majority￿of￿the￿oil￿nevertheless flows￿through￿the￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger. 3.3.2.￿Filtering A￿paper￿oil￿filter￿element￿is￿used.￿The￿design￿is￿familiar￿from￿the￿BMW￿engines. A￿non-return￿valve￿is￿integrated￿in￿the￿raw￿oil￿duct￿of￿the￿oil￿filter￿housing￿to￿prevent￿the￿oil￿filter housing￿from￿running￿dry￿when￿the￿engine￿is￿switched￿off.￿This￿non-return￿valve￿opens￿at￿an￿oil pressure￿of￿max.￿0.15 bar. Naturally￿the￿N13￿engine￿has￿a￿filter￿bypass￿valve￿which￿can￿open￿a￿bypass￿round￿the￿filter￿if,￿for example,￿the￿engine￿oil￿is￿cold￿and￿viscous.￿This￿arises￿if￿the￿pressure￿difference￿before￿and￿after￿the filter￿exceeds￿2.5￿± 0.5 bar.￿The￿permissible￿pressure￿difference￿has￿been￿increased￿from￿2.0￿to￿2.5 bar in￿order￿to￿protect￿the￿lead-free￿crankshaft￿and￿connecting￿rod￿bearings.￿This￿ensures￿that￿the￿filter￿is bypassed￿much￿less￿frequently￿and￿any￿dirt￿particles￿are￿reliably￿filtered￿out. The￿familiar￿system￿is￿also￿used￿for￿filter￿renewal.￿Thus,￿a￿piston￿rod￿is￿pulled￿upwards￿during￿filter renewal,￿opening￿a￿connecting￿between￿the￿raw￿oil￿duct,￿the￿clean￿oil￿duct￿and￿the￿oil￿return￿duct,￿and allowing￿the￿engine￿oil￿to￿flow￿from￿the￿filter￿housing￿back￿into￿the￿oil￿sump.
  • Page 57 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. 3.4.￿Monitoring 3.4.1.￿Oil￿pressure￿sensor N13￿engine,￿oil￿pressure￿sensor The￿oil￿pressure￿sensor￿familiar￿from￿the￿N52TU￿engine￿and￿the￿N55￿engine￿is￿used.￿The￿pressure signal￿is￿required￿for￿map￿control￿of￿the￿oil￿pump. The￿sensor￿is￿seated￿on￿the￿oil￿filter￿housing￿in￿the￿oil￿duct￿after￿the￿oil￿filter￿(main￿oil￿duct)￿and￿is subjected￿to￿the￿prevailing￿oil￿pressure￿there.￿The￿sensor￿is￿supplied￿by￿the￿DME￿with￿ground￿(earth) and￿a￿voltage￿of￿5 V.￿A￿voltage￿signal￿is￿sent￿via￿a￿data￿line￿to￿the￿DME,￿which￿in￿turn￿evaluates￿the signal.￿The￿oil￿pressure￿sensor￿can￿sense￿an￿oil￿pressure￿of￿50￿kPa￿(0.5￿bar)￿to￿1050￿kPa￿(10.5￿bar).￿At 50￿kPa￿the￿output￿voltage￿is￿approx.￿0.5￿V,￿at￿1050￿kPa￿approx.￿4.6￿V. 3.4.2.￿Oil￿level￿monitoring Permanent￿oil￿level￿monitoring￿is￿not￿used.￿The￿engine￿oil￿level￿can￿only￿be￿checked￿using￿the￿oil dipstick.￿For￿further￿information,￿please￿refer￿to￿the￿Owner's￿Handbook. 3.5.￿Oil￿spray￿nozzles In￿the￿N13￿engine￿too,￿some￿components￿which￿cannot￿be￿reached￿directly￿by￿an￿oil￿duct￿are lubricated￿and/or￿cooled￿by￿oil￿spray￿nozzles. 3.5.1.￿Piston￿crown￿cooling The￿oil￿spray￿nozzles￿for￿piston￿crown￿cooling,￿as￿used￿in￿the￿N13￿engine,￿are￿in￿principle￿familiar￿from the￿MINI￿N14￿engine.￿They￿incorporate￿a￿non-return￿valve￿to￿enable￿them￿to￿open￿and￿close￿only￿from a￿specific￿oil￿pressure. As￿well￿as￿cooling￿the￿piston￿crowns,￿they￿are￿also￿responsible￿for￿lubricating￿the￿gudgeon￿pins,￿which is￿why￿it￿is￿very￿important￿for￿them￿to￿be￿aligned.￿For￿this￿reason￿the￿oil￿spray￿nozzles￿are￿positioned￿in the￿crankcase￿in￿such￿a￿way￿that￿they￿are￿aligned￿automatically￿and￿without￿the￿need￿for￿special￿tools. A￿milled￿chamfer￿on￿the￿crankcase￿facilitates￿this￿alignment. Opening￿pressure 2.2￿–￿2.8 bar Closing￿pressure 2.0 bar...
  • Page 58 N13￿Engine. 3.￿Oil￿Supply. 3.5.2.￿Timing￿chain￿lubrication The￿timing￿chain￿is￿lubricated￿by￿an￿oil￿spray￿nozzle￿located￿in￿the￿chain￿tensioner.￿There￿is￿an￿opening in￿the￿tensioning￿rail￿through￿which￿the￿oil￿can￿be￿sprayed￿for￿this￿purpose. N13￿engine,￿chain￿tensioner￿with￿oil￿spray￿nozzle￿for￿timing￿chain...

  • Page 59: Cooling

    N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. In￿the￿N13B16M0￿engine￿an￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger￿is￿used￿to￿cool￿the￿engine￿oil.￿The N13B16U0￿engine￿does￿not￿have￿an￿engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger.￿The￿cooling￿system￿is controlled￿(e.g.￿friction￿gear￿servodrive,￿map￿thermostat￿and￿electric￿fan)￿by￿the￿heat￿management coordinator￿in￿the￿DME. The￿cooling￿module￿itself￿only￿comes￿in￿one￿variant.￿The￿electric￿fan￿has￿a￿nominal￿power￿of￿300 W. 4.1.￿Overview N13￿engine,￿cooling￿circuit...
  • Page 60 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. Index Explanation Radiator Radiator,￿low￿temperature￿range Electric￿fan Auxiliary￿water￿pump Heater￿for￿map￿thermostat Map￿thermostat Coolant￿pump Coolant￿temperature￿sensor Heat￿exchanger Engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Exhaust￿turbocharger Expansion￿tank Tank￿ventilation￿line Transmission￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Thermostat￿for￿transmission￿oil The￿following￿graphics￿show￿the￿installation￿locations￿and￿layout￿of￿the￿components.
  • Page 61 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. N13￿engine,￿cooling￿system￿components￿from￿rear￿(here￿BMW￿F20￿118i￿with￿manual￿gearbox) Index Explanation Heat￿exchanger Return,￿heater￿matrix Feed,￿heater￿matrix Feed,￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿cooling Return,￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿cooling Connection,￿return,￿heater￿matrix Expansion￿tank Tank￿ventilation￿line...
  • Page 62 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. Index Explanation Radiator Connection￿for￿coolant-to-gearbox￿oil￿heat￿exchanger Electric￿auxiliary￿water￿pump Coolant￿pump Map￿thermostat Coolant￿temperature￿sensor N13￿engine,￿cooling￿system￿components￿on￿engine￿from￿front￿(here￿BMW￿F20￿118i￿with￿manual￿gearbox) Index Explanation Heat￿exchanger Return,￿heater￿matrix Feed,￿heater￿matrix Feed,￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿cooling Return,￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿cooling Connection,￿return,￿heater￿matrix Expansion￿tank Tank￿ventilation￿line...
  • Page 63 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. Index Explanation Radiator Connection￿for￿gearbox￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Electric￿auxiliary￿water￿pump Coolant￿pump Map￿thermostat Coolant￿temperature￿sensor 4.2.￿Heat￿management The￿N13￿engine￿features￿a￿heat￿management￿function￿in￿the￿DME.￿The￿heat￿management￿function has￿been￿newly￿developed￿in￿its￿entirety￿for￿the￿N13￿and￿differs￿significantly￿from￿the￿established function.￿This￿comprises￿independent￿control￿of￿the￿electric￿cooling￿components￿of￿electric￿fan,￿map thermostat￿and￿(with￿limitations)￿coolant￿pump.￿What￿is￿new￿to￿this￿function￿is￿that￿the￿auxiliary￿water pump,￿which￿is￿required￿to￿cool￿the￿exhaust￿turbocharger,￿alone￿ensures￿that￿cooling￿is￿maintained￿in certain￿operating￿ranges. 4.2.1.￿Friction￿gear￿servodrive In￿the￿N13￿engine￿the￿coolant￿pump￿is￿driven￿by￿a￿friction￿gear.
  • Page 64 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. N13￿engine,￿friction￿gear￿servodrive￿-￿exploded￿view Index Explanation Mounting￿bolt Housing￿shell Service￿handle Service￿band Spring Eccentric￿element Pull￿arm Housing￿shell Electric￿motor Contact￿with￿plug￿connection...
  • Page 65 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. N13￿engine,￿friction￿gear￿servodrive￿-￿exploded￿view To￿remove￿the￿belt,￿the￿user￿pulls￿on￿the￿service￿handle￿and￿hangs￿the￿tab￿on￿the￿housing￿shell￿from￿a designated￿hook. 4.2.2.￿Map￿thermostat The￿N13￿engine￿is￿fitted￿with￿a￿conventional￿map￿thermostat￿which￿has￿the￿following￿technical￿data￿in non-electrically￿controlled￿mode: Setting￿of￿map￿thermostat Coolant￿temperature Starts￿to￿open 97 ± 2 °C Fully￿open 109 °C In￿addition,￿an￿electric￿heater￿in￿the￿map￿thermostat￿can￿be￿used￿to￿make￿the￿thermostat￿open￿already at￿a￿lower￿coolant￿temperature. 4.2.3.￿Heat￿management￿function The￿heat￿management￿determines￿the￿current￿cooling￿requirement￿and￿controls￿the￿cooling￿system accordingly.￿In￿certain￿operating￿states￿the￿coolant￿pump￿is￿shut￿down￿entirely,￿for￿example￿in￿order￿to heat￿the￿coolant￿more￿quickly￿in￿the￿warm-up￿phase.￿The￿auxiliary￿water￿pump,￿which￿is￿responsible for￿cooling￿the￿exhaust￿turbocharger,￿can￿also￿be￿switched￿on￿and￿off.￿The￿cooling￿output￿can therefore￿be￿requested￿independently￿of￿the￿engine￿speed.￿The￿heat￿management￿function￿is￿able to￿activate￿and￿deactivate￿both￿the￿mechanical￿coolant￿pump￿and￿the￿electric￿auxiliary￿water￿pump￿to suit￿demand,￿and￿to￿regulate￿the￿map￿thermostat￿accordingly.￿The￿engine￿management￿is￿thus￿able to￿adapt￿the￿coolant￿temperature￿to￿the￿driving￿situation.￿A￿further￿reduction￿in￿consumption￿has￿been achieved￿by￿the￿implementation￿of￿these￿measures.
  • Page 66 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. The￿following￿temperature￿ranges￿are￿adjusted￿by￿the￿engine￿management: • 109 °C￿=￿Economy￿operation • 106 °C￿=￿Normal￿operation • 80 °C￿=￿High￿operation￿and￿current￿supply￿to￿the￿map￿thermostat. If￿the￿engine￿control￿unit￿identifies￿the￿”Economy”￿operating￿range￿on￿the￿basis￿of￿running performance,￿the￿engine￿management￿adjusts￿to￿a￿higher￿temperature￿(109￿°C).￿In￿this￿temperature range￿the￿engine￿is￿to￿be￿operated￿with￿a￿relatively￿low￿fuel￿requirement.￿Internal￿engine￿friction is￿reduced￿at￿higher￿temperature.￿The￿temperature￿increase￿therefore￿favours￿the￿lower￿fuel consumption￿in￿the￿low￿load￿range.￿In￿”High￿and￿current￿supply￿to￿the￿map￿thermostat”￿operation the￿driver￿would￿like￿to￿utilise￿the￿engine's￿optimum￿power￿development.￿The￿temperature￿in￿the cylinder￿head￿is￿reduced￿to￿80￿°C￿for￿this￿purpose.￿This￿reduction￿improves￿volumetric￿efficiency, which￿results￿in￿an￿engine￿torque￿increase.￿The￿engine￿control￿unit￿can￿now,￿adapted￿to￿the￿relevant driving￿situation,￿adjust￿a￿specific￿operating￿range.￿It￿is￿therefore￿possible￿to￿influence￿consumption and￿power￿output￿via￿the￿cooling￿system. System￿protection If￿the￿coolant￿or￿engine￿oil￿is￿subject￿to￿excessive￿temperatures￿during￿engine￿operation,￿certain functions￿in￿the￿vehicle￿are￿influenced￿in￿such￿a￿way￿that￿more￿energy￿is￿made￿available￿for￿engine cooling. The￿measures￿are￿split￿into￿two￿operating￿modes: • Component￿protection Coolant￿temperature￿from￿117￿°C Engine￿oil￿temperature￿from￿143￿°C￿at￿the￿oil￿pressure￿and￿oil￿temperature￿sensor￿in￿the main￿oil￿duct Measure:￿e.g.￿power￿reduction￿of￿passenger￿compartment￿climate￿control￿and￿of￿engine • Emergency Coolant￿temperature￿from￿122￿°C Engine￿oil￿temperature￿from￿151￿°C￿at￿the￿oil￿pressure￿and￿oil￿temperature￿sensor￿in￿the main￿oil￿duct Measure:￿e.g.￿power￿reduction￿of￿engine￿(up￿to￿approx.￿90￿%). Example No￿coolant￿pump￿is￿running￿when￿the￿engine￿is￿started￿at￿20 °C.￿The￿auxiliary￿water￿pump￿is￿switched on￿when￿the￿engine￿reaches￿a￿temperature￿of￿30 °C.￿It￿is￿only￿necessary￿to￿activate￿the￿coolant￿pump from￿a￿coolant￿temperature￿of￿approx.￿90 °C.￿The￿heat￿management￿monitors￿the￿engine￿coolant temperature￿and￿power￿requirement￿and￿activates￿the￿components￿accordingly.￿It￿is￿therefore￿not...
  • Page 67 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. • Coolant￿pump￿off • Auxiliary￿water￿pump￿on. N13￿engine,￿cooling￿circuit￿in￿the￿warm-up￿phase Index Explanation Radiator Radiator,￿low￿temperature￿range Electric￿fan Auxiliary￿water￿pump Heater￿for￿map￿thermostat Map￿thermostat Coolant￿pump Coolant￿temperature￿sensor...
  • Page 68 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. Index Explanation Heat￿exchanger Engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Exhaust￿turbocharger Expansion￿tank Tank￿ventilation￿line Transmission￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Thermostat￿for￿transmission￿oil At￿operating￿temperature Considering￿the￿cooling￿circuit￿at￿operating￿temperature,￿coolant￿temperature￿>￿105 °C • Coolant￿pump￿on • Auxiliary￿water￿pump￿off.
  • Page 69 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. N13￿engine,￿cooling￿circuit￿in￿the￿warm-up￿phase Index Explanation Radiator Radiator,￿low￿temperature￿range Electric￿fan Auxiliary￿water￿pump Heater￿for￿map￿thermostat Map￿thermostat Coolant￿pump Coolant￿temperature￿sensor Heat￿exchanger Engine￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger...
  • Page 70 N13￿Engine. 4.￿Cooling. Index Explanation Exhaust￿turbocharger Expansion￿tank Tank￿ventilation￿line Transmission￿oil-to-coolant￿heat￿exchanger Thermostat￿for￿transmission￿oil...

  • Page 71: Overview

    N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. The￿air￿intake￿and￿exhaust￿emission￿systems￿are￿in￿principle￿comparable￿with￿those￿in￿the￿N55￿engine. The￿list￿below￿itemises￿the￿most￿important￿features￿of￿the￿air￿intake￿and￿exhaust￿emission￿systems: • Permanently￿attached￿intake￿silencer • Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿7￿in￿all￿engine￿versions • TwinScroll￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿with￿integrated￿wastegate￿and￿blow-off￿valves • Three￿connections￿for￿crankcase￿ventilation • Connection￿for￿tank￿ventilation. 5.1.￿Overview N13￿engine,￿air￿intake￿and￿exhaust￿emission￿systems Index Explanation Charge￿air￿cooler Blow-off￿valve Intake￿silencer Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter...
  • Page 72 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. Index Explanation Exhaust￿turbocharger Wastegate￿valve Oxygen￿sensor￿before￿catalytic￿converter￿(control￿sensor) Catalytic￿converter Oxygen￿sensor￿after￿catalytic￿converter￿(monitoring￿sensor) Intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor Throttle￿valve Charge-air￿temperature￿and￿charge-air￿pressure￿sensor Tank￿vent￿valve...
  • Page 73 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. 5.2.￿Air￿intake￿system N13￿engine,￿air￿intake￿system Index Explanation Resonator￿on￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿housing Resonator￿on￿air￿filter￿housing Unfiltered￿air￿intake Intake￿silencer Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter Crankcase￿ventilation￿(turbocharged￿mode) Purge￿air￿line Exhaust￿turbocharger...
  • Page 74 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. Index Explanation Blow-off￿valve Charge￿air￿pipe Charge￿air￿cooler Charge￿air￿pipe Charge-air￿temperature￿and￿charge-air￿pressure￿sensor Throttle￿valve Intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor Intake￿manifold 5.2.1.￿Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter The￿N13￿engine￿is￿fitted￿with￿the￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿7,￿which￿is￿very￿similar￿to￿the￿one￿in￿the N74￿engine.￿The￿N13￿engine￿has￿a￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿in￿all￿its￿versions,￿as￿is￿state-of-the-art technology￿in￿TVDI￿engines. It￿can￿generally￿be￿said￿that￿the￿quality￿of￿air￿mass￿determination￿by￿measurement￿using￿a￿hot￿film￿air mass￿meter￿and￿by￿calculation￿of￿the￿substitute￿value￿(of￿intake￿air￿temperature,￿charging￿pressure, engine￿speed,￿etc.)￿is￿to￿be￿considered￿as￿equal￿in￿the￿current￿state￿of￿development.￿The￿calculated substitute￿value￿is￿nevertheless￿used￿for￿engine￿load￿control.￿This￿value￿is￿however￿regularly￿adjusted with￿the￿value￿of￿the￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿in￿order￿to￿compensate￿for￿tolerances￿which￿arise￿on account￿of￿the￿complex￿flow￿mechanics￿conditions￿in￿the￿air￿intake￿system.￿The￿more￿sophisticate￿the mixture￿preparation￿method￿(Turbo-Valvetronic￿Direct￿fuel￿Injection￿-￿TVDI),￿the￿more￿important￿it￿is￿to adjust￿the￿substitute￿value￿with￿the￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter.￿TVDI￿is￿currently￿the￿most￿sophisticated mixture￿preparation￿method.￿For￿this￿reason,￿all￿TVDI￿engines￿are￿also￿equipped￿with￿a￿hot￿film￿air mass￿meter. The￿use￿of￿a￿hot-film￿air￿mass￿meter￿also￿offers￿the￿opportunity￿of￿extended￿diagnoses,￿e.g.￿for￿tank￿or crankcase￿ventilation,￿as￿these￿systems￿create￿a￿deviation￿in￿the￿air￿mass.￿This￿is￿particularly￿important for￿the￿US￿version,￿as￿it￿is￿required￿by￿US￿exhaust￿emissions￿legislation. Failure￿or￿disconnection￿of￿the￿hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter￿does￿not￿immediately￿result￿in￿emergency engine￿operation.￿However,￿impaired￿mixture￿preparation￿and￿therefore￿poorer￿emission￿values￿are possible,￿which￿is￿why￿the￿emissions￿warning￿lamp￿lights￿up. 5.2.2.￿Intake￿manifold The￿intake￿manifold￿is￿very￿simple￿in￿design￿(on￿account￿of￿the￿turbocharging￿arrangement)￿and￿is largely￿comparable￿to￿that￿of￿the￿N20￿engine.
  • Page 75 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. N13￿engine,￿intake￿manifold￿with￿throttle￿valve Index Explanation Intake￿manifold Throttle￿valve Intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor Tank￿ventilation￿connection Not￿in￿use Crankcase￿ventilation￿connection￿in￿naturally￿aspirated￿mode Intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor Located￿directly￿after￿the￿throttle￿valve,￿at￿the￿entry￿to￿the￿intake￿manifold,￿is￿the￿intake￿manifold pressure￿sensor.￿The￿sensor￿can￿sense￿pressures￿ranging￿between￿0￿kPa￿and￿250￿kPa￿(0￿bar￿and￿2.5 bar).￿The￿sensor￿has￿three￿connections￿and￿is￿supplied￿by￿the￿DME￿with￿ground￿(earth)￿and￿a￿voltage of￿5 V.￿A￿voltage￿signal￿is￿output￿via￿the￿third￿connection￿and￿a￿data￿line￿to￿the￿DME.￿0.5￿V￿corresponds to￿20￿kPa￿(0.2￿bar)￿and￿4.5￿V￿to￿250￿kPa￿(2.5￿bar). Charge-air￿temperature￿and￿charge-air￿pressure￿sensor The￿charge-air￿temperature￿and￿charge-air￿pressure￿sensor￿is￿located￿in￿the￿charge￿air￿pipe￿ahead of￿the￿throttle￿valve.￿The￿sensor￿has￿four￿connections￿and￿like￿the￿intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor is￿supplied￿by￿the￿DME￿with￿ground￿(earth)￿and￿a￿voltage￿of￿5 V.￿The￿pressure￿and￿the￿temperature...
  • Page 76 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. of￿the￿intake￿air￿are￿transmitted￿via￿a￿connection￿and￿a￿further￿connection￿respectively￿to￿the￿DME. The￿pressure￿signal￿is￿transmitted￿in￿the￿same￿way￿as￿in￿the￿intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor.￿The temperature￿signal￿is￿transmitted￿in￿the￿same￿way.￿An￿NTC￿thermistor￿alters￿the￿voltage￿signal,￿by means￿of￿which￿the￿DME￿senses￿the￿charge-air￿temperature.￿At￿an￿air￿temperature￿of￿25￿°C￿the resistance￿is￿approx.￿2063￿Ω,￿at￿100￿°C￿approx.￿186￿Ω. 5.3.￿Exhaust￿turbocharger The￿N13￿engine￿features￿an￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿with￿TwinScroll￿technology.￿It￿includes￿at￿the turbine￿inlet￿two￿separate￿ducts￿in￿which￿the￿exhaust￿gas￿is￿routed￿from￿two￿cylinders￿to￿the￿turbine vanes. N13￿engine,￿exhaust￿turbocharger Index Explanation Inlet￿from￿intake￿silencer Blow-off￿valve Coolant￿feed Coolant￿return Oil￿return...
  • Page 77 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. Index Explanation Turbine￿housing Outlet￿to￿catalytic￿converter Wastegate￿valve Exhaust￿ports,￿cylinders￿2￿and￿3 Exhaust￿ports,￿cylinders￿1￿and￿4 Vacuum￿unit￿for￿wastegate￿valve Outlet￿to￿charge￿air￿cooler The￿exhaust￿turbocharger￿has￿a￿familiar￿design￿with￿an￿electric￿blow-off￿valve￿and￿a￿vacuum-controlled wastegate￿valve. 5.4.￿Exhaust￿emission￿system 5.4.1.￿Exhaust￿manifold The￿exhaust￿manifold￿of￿the￿N13￿has￿a￿unitary￿design.￿The￿exhaust￿manifold￿in￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿a four-into-two￿type,￿which￿is￿necessary￿for￿the￿special￿function￿of￿the￿TwinScroll￿turbocharger.￿Here￿the exhaust￿ports￿of￿cylinders￿1￿and￿4￿and￿2￿and￿3￿are￿brought￿together￿in￿each￿case￿into￿one￿port. It￿consists￿of￿three￿individual￿units￿which￿are￿welded￿to￿each￿other.￿The￿middle￿unit￿forms￿one￿part￿of all￿four￿exhaust￿ports,￿one￿outer￿unit￿forms￿the￿other￿part￿of￿exhaust￿ports￿2￿and￿3,￿and￿the￿other￿outer unit￿forms￿one￿part￿of￿exhaust￿ports￿1￿and￿4. N13￿engine,￿unitary-design￿exhaust￿manifold 5.4.2.￿Catalytic￿converter The￿N13￿engine￿has￿an￿upstream￿single-scroll￿catalytic￿converter￿with￿two￿ceramic￿monoliths.
  • Page 78 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. N13￿engine￿in￿BMW￿118i,￿sectional￿view￿of￿catalytic￿converter Index Explanation Connection,￿exhaust￿turbocharger Control￿sensor Ceramic￿monolith￿1 Ceramic￿monolith￿2 Monitoring￿sensor Decoupling￿element Connection￿to￿exhaust￿system Volume Diameter Number￿of￿cells in￿[litres] in￿[mm] in￿[cells/inch] Ceramic￿monolith￿1 0.80 Ceramic￿monolith￿2 0.86 Oxygen￿sensors The￿established￿Bosch￿oxygen￿sensors￿are￿used: • Control￿sensor:￿LSU￿ADV • Monitoring￿sensor:￿LSF4.2.
  • Page 79 N13￿Engine. 5.￿Air￿Intake/Exhaust￿Emission￿Syst. The￿control￿sensor￿is￿located￿ahead￿of￿the￿primary￿catalytic￿converter,￿as￿close￿as￿possible￿to￿the turbine￿outlet.￿Its￿position￿has￿been￿chosen￿so￿that￿all￿the￿cylinders￿can￿be￿recorded￿separately.￿The monitoring￿sensor￿is￿positioned￿after￿the￿second￿ceramic￿monolith.
  • Page 80 N13￿Engine. 6.￿Vacuum￿System. The￿vacuum￿system￿of￿the￿N13￿engine￿is￿comparable￿with￿that￿of￿the￿N55￿engine.￿As￿well￿as￿supplying the￿brake￿servo,￿it￿is￿needed￿primarily￿to￿activate￿the￿wastegate￿valve￿on￿the￿exhaust￿turbocharger. N13￿engine,￿vacuum￿system Index Explanation Connection,￿brake￿servo Vacuum￿line Vacuum￿reservoir Vacuum￿unit,￿wastegate￿valve Electropneumatic￿pressure￿converter￿for￿wastegate￿valve Non-return￿valve Vacuum￿pump The￿vacuum￿pump￿as￿usual￿is￿designed￿to￿have￿two￿stages￿so￿that￿the￿majority￿of￿the￿generated vacuum￿is￿made￿available￿to￿the￿brake￿servo.￿A￿vacuum￿reservoir￿is￿used￿to￿provide￿sufficient￿vacuum for￿actuating￿the￿wastegate￿valve.￿This￿reservoir￿is￿permanently￿attached￿to￿the￿engine￿cover. Disconnect￿the￿vacuum￿line￿before￿removing￿the￿engine￿cover,￿as￿otherwise￿there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿damage.

  • Page 81: Overview

    N13￿Engine. 7.￿Fuel￿Preparation. The￿N13￿engine￿makes￿use￿of￿high-pressure￿injection,￿which￿was￿introduced￿in￿the￿N55￿engine.￿It differs￿from￿high-precision￿injection￿(HPI)￿in￿that￿it￿uses￿solenoid￿valve￿injectors￿with￿multihole￿nozzles. High-pressure￿injection￿is￿similar￿to￿the￿N74￿engine￿and￿is￿operated￿in￿wide￿ranges￿in￿the￿N13￿engine with￿120 bar￿injection￿pressure. 7.1.￿Overview The￿following￿overview￿shows￿the￿fuel￿preparation￿system￿of￿the￿N13￿engine.￿It￿essentially corresponds￿to￿the￿systems￿with￿direct￿fuel￿injection￿familiar￿in￿BMW￿models. N13￿engine,￿fuel￿preparation Index Explanation High-pressure￿pump Connection,￿low-pressure￿line Connection,￿quantity￿control￿valve High-pressure￿line,￿high-pressure￿pump￿-￿rail Rail Rail￿pressure￿sensor Solenoid￿valve￿injector Bosch￿high-pressure￿fuel￿injectors￿with￿the￿designation￿HDEV5.1￿are￿used.￿These￿fuel￿injectors￿are a￿further￿development￿of￿the￿fuel￿injectors￿already￿familiar￿from￿the￿N73￿engine.￿The￿N14￿and￿N18 engines￿in￿the￿MINI￿also￿have￿these￿fuel￿injectors.￿The￿high-pressure￿pump￿is￿already￿known￿from￿the 4-,￿8-￿and￿12-cylinder￿engines.

  • Page 82: Injectors

    N13￿Engine. 7.￿Fuel￿Preparation. Another￿feature￿of￿note￿when￿compared￿with￿established￿BMW￿systems￿is￿the￿omission￿of￿the￿fuel low-pressure￿sensor. Work￿on￿the￿fuel￿system￿is￿only￿permitted￿after￿the￿engine￿has￿cooled￿down￿and￿the￿battery￿has￿been disconnected.￿The￿coolant￿temperature￿must￿not￿exceed￿40￿°C.￿This￿stipulation￿must￿be￿observed without￿fail,￿as￿otherwise￿there￿is￿a￿risk￿of￿fuel￿being￿sprayed￿back￿on￿account￿of￿the￿residual￿pressure in￿the￿high-pressure￿fuel￿system.￿A￿full￿face￿guard￿and￿protective￿gloves￿must￿be￿worn￿for￿protection purposes. When￿working￿on￿the￿high-pressure￿fuel￿system,￿it￿is￿essential￿to￿adhere￿to￿conditions￿of￿absolute cleanliness￿and￿to￿observe￿the￿work￿sequences￿described￿in￿the￿repair￿instructions.￿Even￿the￿slightest contamination￿and￿damage￿to￿the￿screwed￿fittings￿of￿the￿high-pressure￿lines￿can￿cause￿leaks. • No￿dirt￿particles￿or￿foreign￿bodies￿are￿allowed￿to￿get￿into￿the￿system • Remove￿all￿dirt￿contamination￿before￿removing￿lines￿and￿separate￿components • Use￿only￿fluff-free￿cloths • Seal￿off￿all￿fuel￿system￿openings￿with￿protective￿caps￿and￿plugs. 7.2.￿Fuel￿pump￿control As￿already￿mentioned,￿there￿is￿no￿fuel￿low-pressure￿sensor￿in￿the￿N13￿engine.￿The￿fuel￿pump￿is supplied￿with￿voltage￿by￿a￿relay￿and￿always￿runs￿during￿operation￿at￿maximum￿delivery.￿There￿is￿no￿fuel quantity￿control. 7.3.￿High-pressure￿pump The￿Bosch￿high-pressure￿pump,￿already￿familiar￿from￿the￿N43,￿N63￿and￿N74￿engines,￿is￿used.￿This￿is￿a single-plunger￿pump￿which￿is￿driven￿from￿the￿intake￿camshaft￿via￿a￿triple￿cam. For￿further￿information￿on￿the￿high-pressure￿pump,￿please￿refer￿to￿the￿“N74￿Engine”￿product information￿bulletin. 7.4.￿Injectors The￿Bosch￿HDEV5.1￿solenoid￿valve￿injector￿is￿an￿inward-opening￿multihole￿valve￿–￿unlike￿the￿outward- opening￿piezo￿injector￿used￿in￿HPI￿engines.￿The￿HDEV5.1￿too￿is￿characterised￿by￿high￿variability￿with regard￿to￿spray￿angle￿and￿spray￿shape,￿and￿is￿configured￿for￿a￿system￿pressure￿of￿up￿to￿200￿bar.
  • Page 83 N13￿Engine. 7.￿Fuel￿Preparation. N13￿engine,￿injector Index Explanation Sealing￿ring Fine-mesh￿strainer Electrical￿connection Spring Solenoid￿coil Housing Nozzle￿needle￿with￿armature Teflon￿ring Valve￿seat Valve￿outlet￿bores...
  • Page 84 N13￿Engine. 7.￿Fuel￿Preparation. The￿injector￿is￿located￿on￿the￿side￿of￿the￿cylinder￿and￿projects￿into￿the￿combustion￿chamber.￿In￿the course￿of￿fully￿sequential￿fuel￿injection￿each￿injector￿is￿activated￿by￿the￿DME￿via￿its￿own￿output￿stage. Here,￿the￿moment￿of￿injection￿of￿the￿respective￿cylinder￿is￿adapted￿to￿the￿operating￿state￿(engine speed,￿load￿and￿engine￿temperature). The￿higher￿pressures￿are￿necessary,￿as￿the￿fuel￿quantity￿required￿for￿combustion￿must￿be￿injected￿in￿a much￿shorter￿period￿of￿time. The￿solenoid￿coil￿(5),￿through￿which￿current￿passes,￿generates￿a￿magnetic￿field.￿This￿lifts￿the￿nozzle needle￿with￿armature￿(7)￿against￿the￿pressure￿of￿the￿spring￿(4)￿off￿the￿valve￿seat￿(9)￿and￿opens￿the valve￿outlet￿bores￿(10).￿Fuel￿is￿now￿forced￿into￿the￿combustion￿chamber￿as￿a￿result￿of￿the￿pressure difference￿between￿rail￿pressure￿and￿combustion￿chamber￿pressure.￿When￿the￿current￿is￿switched￿off, the￿nozzle￿needle￿is￿pressed￿by￿the￿spring￿(4)￿into￿the￿valve￿seat￿and￿interrupts￿the￿fuel￿flow. The￿injected￿fuel￿quantity￿is￿thus￿dependent￿on￿the￿rail￿pressure,￿the￿counterpressure￿in￿the combustion￿chamber￿and￿the￿opening￿period￿of￿the￿injector.￿The￿fuel￿is￿injected￿faster,￿more￿accurately and￿with￿a￿better￿fuel￿spray￿shape￿than￿is￿the￿case￿with￿manifold￿(intake￿pipe)￿injection. The￿incoming￿vehicle￿voltage￿is￿transformed￿upwards￿to￿85￿to￿100 V￿by￿the￿use￿of￿a￿clocked￿output stage￿with￿high-power￿capacitors. A￿current￿flows￿in￿the￿output￿stage￿up￿to￿a￿specific￿cutoff￿value.￿The￿cutoff￿generates￿an￿induction voltage,￿e.g.￿85 V,￿which￿then￿charges￿the￿high-power￿capacitors￿(booster￿function). The￿injectors￿are￿supplied￿by￿the￿capacitor￿current￿with￿a￿current￿level￿of￿2.8 to￿16 A.￿The￿DME activates￿the￿injectors￿at￿the￿ground￿(earth)￿end.
  • Page 85 N13￿Engine. 8.￿Fuel￿Supply. The￿fuel￿supply￿is￿vehicle-specific.￿Hardly￿any￿changes￿have￿been￿made￿to￿the￿already￿existing models.￿Therefore￿only￿the￿tank￿ventilation￿system￿on￿the￿engine￿will￿be￿described￿in￿greater￿detail here.￿For￿the￿layout￿of￿the￿fuel￿supply,￿please￿refer￿to￿the￿“F20￿Powertrain”￿product￿information bulletin. 8.1.￿Tank￿ventilation The￿tank￿ventilation￿system￿in￿the￿N13￿engine￿has￿a￿familiar￿design.￿It￿features￿an￿electrical￿tank￿vent valve￿and￿a￿connection￿for￿the￿purge￿air￿line￿to￿the￿intake￿manifold,￿directly￿after￿the￿throttle￿valve. N13￿engine,￿tank￿ventilation Index Explanation Intake￿manifold Tank￿vent￿valve Line￿from￿carbon￿canister￿of￿tank￿ventilation￿system Connection￿of￿tank￿ventilation￿after￿throttle￿valve Throttle￿valve...

  • Page 86: Overview

    N13￿Engine. 9.￿Engine￿Electrical￿System. 9.1.￿Overview N13￿engine,￿system￿wiring￿diagram￿MEVD17.2.5...
  • Page 87 N13￿Engine. 9.￿Engine￿Electrical￿System. Index Explanation Engine￿electronics￿Valvetronic￿direct￿injection￿MEVD17.2.5 Ambient￿pressure￿sensor Temperature￿sensor Dynamic￿Stability￿Control￿(DSC) Integrated￿Chassis￿Management￿(ICM) Front￿Electronic￿Module￿(FEM) Intelligent￿battery￿sensor￿(IBS) Crash￿Safety￿Module￿(ACSM) Air￿conditioning￿compressor Refrigerant￿pressure￿sensor Brake￿light￿switch Starter￿motor Clutch￿module Relay,￿Valvetronic Relay,￿terminal￿30B,￿power￿distribution￿box,￿rear Relay,￿terminal￿30B,￿power￿distribution￿box,￿front DME￿main￿relay Relay,￿ignition￿and￿injectors Relay￿for￿electric￿fan Electric￿fan Relay,￿electric￿fuel￿pump Electric￿fuel￿pump Map￿thermostat Blow-off￿valve Tank￿vent￿valve VANOS￿solenoid￿actuator,￿intake￿camshaft VANOS￿solenoid￿actuator,￿exhaust￿camshaft Friction￿gear￿servodrive Auxiliary￿water￿pump Oil￿pressure￿control￿valve Electropneumatic￿pressure￿converter￿for￿wastegate￿valve Quantity￿control￿valve 33￿–￿36 Injectors 37￿–￿40 Ignition￿coils...
  • Page 88 N13￿Engine. 9.￿Engine￿Electrical￿System. Index Explanation Brake￿vacuum￿sensor￿(only￿for￿automatic￿engine￿start-stop￿with￿manual gearbox) Zero-gear￿sensor￿(only￿for￿automatic￿engine￿start-stop￿with￿manual￿gearbox) Diagnostic￿socket￿(speed￿signal) Oxygen￿sensor￿after￿catalytic￿converter￿(monitoring￿sensor,￿LSF￿4.2) Oxygen￿sensor￿before￿catalytic￿converter￿(control￿sensor,￿LSU￿ADV) Intake￿manifold￿pressure￿sensor Rail￿pressure￿sensor Charge-air￿temperature￿and￿charge-air￿pressure￿sensor Knock￿sensor Hot￿film￿air￿mass￿meter Camshaft￿sensor,￿intake￿camshaft Camshaft￿sensor,￿exhaust￿camshaft Crankshaft￿sensor Accelerator￿pedal￿module Throttle￿valve Coolant￿temperature￿sensor Oil￿pressure￿sensor Valvetronic￿servomotor DC/DC￿converter Alternator 9.2.￿Engine￿control￿unit The￿N13￿engine￿has￿a￿Bosch￿DME￿with￿the￿designation￿MEVD17.2.4.￿It￿is￿closely￿related￿to￿the￿DME of￿the￿N55￿engine￿(MEVD17.2)￿and￿is￿likewise￿engine-mounted￿on￿the￿intake￿manifold. Do￿not￿attempt￿any￿trial￿replacement￿of￿control￿units. Because￿of￿the￿electronic￿immobiliser,￿a￿trial￿replacement￿of￿control￿units￿from￿other￿vehicles￿must￿not be￿attempted￿under￿any￿circumstances.￿An￿immobiliser￿adjustment￿cannot￿be￿reversed. The￿N13￿engine￿DME￿(MEVD17.2.4)￿is￿designed￿in￿such￿a￿way￿that￿it￿can￿be￿attached￿on￿an intermediate￿plate￿to￿the￿intake￿manifold. The￿N13￿engine￿will￿be￿offered￿as￿from￿September￿2011￿in￿the￿F20;￿the￿layout￿for￿the￿vehicle￿electrical system￿2020￿is￿therefore￿shown￿here.
  • Page 89 N13￿Engine. 9.￿Engine￿Electrical￿System. The￿plug￿concept￿is￿identical￿to￿the￿MEVD17.2￿in￿the￿N55￿engine.￿There￿is￿a￿logical￿division￿into￿six modules. N13￿engine,￿connections￿MEVD17.2.4 Index Explanation Engine￿control￿unit Module￿600,￿fuel￿injection￿and￿ignition,￿24￿pins Module￿500,￿DME￿supply,￿12￿pins Module￿400,￿Valvetronic￿servomotor,￿11￿pins Module￿100,￿vehicle￿connection,￿48￿pins Module￿200,￿sensors￿and￿actuators￿1,￿58￿pins Module￿300,￿sensors￿and￿actuators￿2,￿58￿pins Intake￿manifold￿cover Intake￿manifold 9.2.1.￿Overall￿function The￿DME￿is￿the￿computing￿and￿switching￿centre￿of￿the￿engine￿management￿system.￿Sensors￿on￿the engine￿and￿the￿vehicle￿deliver￿the￿input￿signals.￿The￿signals￿for￿activating￿the￿actuators￿are￿calculated from￿the￿input￿signals,￿the￿nominal￿values￿calculated￿using￿a￿computing￿model￿in￿the￿DME￿control￿unit and￿the￿stored￿program￿maps.￿The￿DME￿control￿unit￿activates￿the￿actuators￿directly￿or￿via￿relays.
  • Page 90 N13￿Engine. 9.￿Engine￿Electrical￿System. The￿DME￿control￿unit￿is￿woken￿up￿via￿the￿wake-up￿line￿(terminal￿15￿Wake￿up)￿by￿the￿Front￿Electronic Module￿(FEM). The￿after-run￿starts￿after￿terminal￿15￿OFF.￿The￿adaptation￿values￿are￿stored￿during￿the￿after-run.￿The DME￿control￿unit￿uses￿a￿bus￿signal￿to￿signal￿its￿readiness￿to￿“go￿to￿sleep”.￿When￿all￿the￿participating control￿units￿have￿signalled￿their￿readiness￿to￿“go￿to￿sleep”,￿the￿bus￿master￿outputs￿a￿bus￿signal￿and the￿control￿units￿terminate￿communication￿five￿seconds￿later. The￿board￿in￿the￿DME￿control￿unit￿accommodates￿two￿sensors:￿a￿temperature￿sensor￿and￿an￿ambient pressure￿sensor.￿The￿temperature￿sensor￿is￿used￿to￿monitor￿the￿temperature￿of￿the￿components￿in￿the DME￿control￿unit.￿The￿ambient￿pressure￿is￿required￿for￿calculating￿the￿mixture￿composition.
  • Page 92 Bayerische￿Motorenwerke￿Aktiengesellschaft Händlerqualifizierung￿und￿Training Röntgenstraße￿7 85716￿Unterschleißheim,￿Germany...
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