Theory Of Operation; Less Than - Keithley 616 Instruction Manual

Digital electrometer
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MODEL 616
4 - 1 .
GENERAL.
This s e c tion contains information to
describe the Model 616 circuit operation.
cuitry i s located on five print�d circuit boards .
The circuits are arranged in functional modules to
facilitate troubleshooting and servicing.
shielded input section houses the elec trometer ampli­
fier and range switch .
4- 2 .
ANALOG C IRCUITRY
a .
simplified form in Figure 2 4 .
25764E) .
The input signal applied be tween HI and La
(Jl20) is amp lified by the input MOS - FET amplifier
composed o f transistors QlOlA and Ql01B.
QI02A and QI02B are used for over-voltage protection
(base-emi tter connected ) .
provides high gain (approx.
meter amplifier section.
internal zero adjus tment used for calibration pur­
poses.
Potentiometer Rl19 is a front panel ZERO
control with adjus tment capability of approximately
3 mV .
Transistors Ql05 and Ql06 are complementary
output s tages which provide a maximum of ±200 volts
(JI18 ) .
a t the "Xl" terminal
lifier is connected in a unity-gain configuration.
Input r
sis tance between HI and LO is greater than
2 x 10
ohms in "VOLTS" function.
IN
INPU T
A MP
RA NGE
1175
4 .
S E CT I O N
The cir­
The 6 16 ' s
This amplifier A l is shown in
(Refer to schematic
Trans istors
Integrated circuit QA101
1 0 0 , 0 0 0 ) for the electro­
Potentiometer Rl23 is an
The elect rome ter amp­
L SI
CHIP
FIGURE 2 3 .
Overall Block D i agram of Model 6 1 6 .
T H E O R Y O F
O P E RAT I O N
b.
Shunt (NORMAL ) Mode Operation.
schematic 25764E ) .
trometer amplifier is connected as a unity-gain
buffer amplifier with an input resis tance greater
than 2 x 1 0 14 ohms .
ed in decade steps from lO l l ohms to 10 ohms by
selecting the desired ahudt resistor on the AMPERE
positions of the RANGE switch.
through RIll are switched into the cir-cuit shunting
the HI and LO termina l s .
nected in the circuit is numerically the reEiprocal .
of the AMPERE posit ion selected (that is 1 0 l l A
10 1 1 0 resistor ) .
c .
Feedback (FAST) Mode Operation.
schematic 2576 4 E ) .
meter amplifier is connected in a feedback amplifier
configurat i o n .
the range element
ed between HI and GUARD .
function is det ermined by the f eedback resistor and
the open-loop gain, whe r e :
R i
For example , on IO -ll A range , R i
voltage drop for full range input current would be
less than 20 microvo l t s .
PO L A RI T Y
DE TE C TOR
DRIVERS

THEORY OF OPERATION

(Refer to
In the IINORMAL" mode,
Input resistance may be decreas­
Resistors RlOl
The shunt resistor con­
(Refer to
In the "FASTII mode,
In AMP ERE , COULOMB , or OHMS functions,
(resistor or capacitor) is connect­
Input resis tance on AMPERE
R F (K =
50 , 000 minimum)
=
2 x 10 6 1L
A -D
CONVERTOR
DISPLA Y
the elec­
the electro­
Input
21

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